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![Page 1: Melvil Dewey’s Ingenious Notational System North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization June 19, 2009 Rebecca Green Dewey Decimal Classification.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082612/56649e905503460f94b95aa0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Melvil Dewey’sIngenious Notational System
Melvil Dewey’sIngenious Notational System
North American Symposium on Knowledge OrganizationJune 19, 2009
Rebecca GreenDewey Decimal Classification
![Page 2: Melvil Dewey’s Ingenious Notational System North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization June 19, 2009 Rebecca Green Dewey Decimal Classification.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082612/56649e905503460f94b95aa0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
RoadmapRoadmap
•Shelf arrangement vs. subject collocation
•Decimal notation
•Hierarchical organization
•Number building
•Language-independent representation
•Potential for customization
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Shelf arrangement in the 1800sShelf arrangement in the 1800s
•Institution-specific, using, e.g., accession order, broad subject classes, size, author name
•Duplication of effort
• Initial classification
•Reclassification
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Eureka!Eureka!
•The insight•Use classification scheme to establish
relatively fine-grained subject representation
•Use decimal notation to govern order of shelf arrangement
•Immediate benefits derived from the insight
• Institution-independent relative location
•Cooperative classification
•Linear sequence + hierarchical organization
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Decimal notation (1)Decimal notation (1)
•DDC 1,1876•Every class admitted of division into 9
subclasses (represented 1-9), plus 0 to represent no division
•“No difficulty found in . . . omitting the initial zero;” some 2-digit numbers (e.g., 51 [051])
•Also some 4-digit numbers (e.g., 5545 [554.5])
•Notation incorporated decimal point “as if it were written after the first figure”
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Decimal notation (2)Decimal notation (2)
•DDC 2, 1885•Leading zeroes retained
•Decimal point between third and fourth digits
•Effect•Notation more expressive
•Filing order same whether interpreted numerically or alphanumerically
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Hierarchical organization (1)Hierarchical organization (1)
•New subjects can be accommodated by notational expansion, e.g.,
005.75 Specific types of data files and
databases
005.753 Temporal, spatial, constraint databases
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Hierarchical organization (2)Hierarchical organization (2)
• Interoperable expansions
2—455 5 Pisa province (Eng)
Provincia di Pisa (It)
2—455 51 Pisa (Eng)
Comune di Pisa (It)
2—455 52 Nordovest della provincia di Pisa (It)
2—455 523 San Guiliano Terme (It)
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Hierarchical organization (3)Hierarchical organization (3)
•Flexible granularity
320.5 Political ideologies
320.53* Collectivism and fascism
320.532 Communism
320.532 2 Marxism-Leninism
*Abridged edition stops here
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Hierarchical organization (4)Hierarchical organization (4)
•Expressivity of notation•Specificity
• Psychology 150
• Emotions of children 155.4124
•Relationships among subjects• Oats 633.13
• Rye 633.14
• Corn 633.15
• Barley 633.16
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Number building (1)Number building (1)
•Mnemonicity
•China T2—51, 951
•Chinese language T6—951, 495.1
•Chinese literature 895.1
•Chinese religions 299.51
•Chinese Communist Party 324.251075
•Chinese calendar 529.32951
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Number building (2)Number building (2)
•Intrafacet relationships
Ceramic arts of Jews 738.089924
738 Ceramic arts
089 Ethnic and national groups
(from Table 1)
924 Jews
(from Table 5 as instructed under
T1—08905-T1—08999: Add to base number T1—089 notation T5—05-T5—9 from Table 5)
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Number building (3)Number building (3)
•Intrafacet relationships—cont.French masters 759.4074
759 (Painting and paintings) Historical, geographic, persons treatment
4 France (from Table 2, as instructed at 759.3-759.8 Miscellaneous parts of
Europe: Add to base number 759 the numbers following –4 in notation 43-48 from Table 2)
074 Exhibitions (from Table 1)
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Language-independent representation (1)Language-independent representation (1)
713
Landscape architecture of trafficways
Arquitectura paisajística de las vías de tráfico
Aménagement paysager des voies de communication
Landschaftsgestaltung für Verkehrswege
Landskapsarkitektur for trafikkårer
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Language-independent representation (2)Language-independent representation (2)
713
Αρχιτεκτονική τοπίου για αρτηρίες μεταφορών
Ландшафтная архитектура транспортных
путей
אדריכלות נוף של דרכי תחבורה
تصميم الناظر الطبيعية للطر ق
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Potential for customization (1)Potential for customization (1)
•Choice of level of specificity •Shelf arrangement
• Full vs. abridged edition
• Local practice
•Search• Truncated search plus wildcard operator
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Potential for customization (2)Potential for customization (2)
•Search by subject component, using 085 - Synthesized Classification Number Components (MARC bibliographic format)
•085 ## $b759 $a759.3 $c759.8 $z2 $r4 $t4 $u759.4
•085 ## $b759.4 $z1 $t074 $u759.4074
•Search on 75* and 2—44* for French painting and paintings
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Potential for customization (3)Potential for customization (3)
•Display using personal citation order•Standard citation order in Table 1:
place + time• Europe, 19th century 1—094034
• Europe, 20th century 1—09404
• Asia, 19th century 1—095034
• Asia, 20th century 1—09504
• Africa, 19th century 1—096034
• Africa, 20th century 1—09604
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Potential for customization (4)Potential for customization (4)
•Display using personal citation order•Reverse citation order: time + place
• Europe, 19th century 1—094 + 034
• Asia, 19th century 1—095 + 034
• Africa, 19th century 1—096 + 034
• Europe, 20th century 1—094 + 04
• Asia, 20th century 1—095 + 04
• Africa, 20th century 1—096 + 04
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Benefits arising from the notation
•Large amount of categorized content
•Worldwide user community
•Language-independent representation
•Interoperable translations
•Mappings and crosswalks