MELJUN CORTES ICT security internetworking_layered_models
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Transcript of MELJUN CORTES ICT security internetworking_layered_models
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Internetworking and Internetworking and Layered ModelsLayered Models
Presenter:Joy Ungriano
Victor Dimalanta
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Course Outline :Course Outline :• Internetworking Fundamentals
o Network /Communication Protocolso Types of Computer Network
• Internetworking Devices• Physical Transmission Media• Layered Models• The OSI Model
o Application Layero Presentation Layero Session Layero Transport Layero Network Layero Data Link Layero Physical Layer
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InternetworkingInternetworking• An arbitrary collection of networks interconnected
to provide some sort of host-host to packet delivery service.
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Internetworking Internetworking FundamentalsFundamentals
• Network/Communication Protocolso a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on
a network.
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Internetworking Internetworking ProtocolsProtocols
Set of rules and procedures for exchanging information among computers•Ethernet•Token ring•TCP/IP•WAP
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Other Communication Other Communication ProtocolsProtocols
• IEEE 802.11 (802.11b, g – “WiFi”)o Family of standards used with wireless LANs
• Used for public Internet access points• Bluetooth
o Devices contain special chipo Short-range radio waves transmit between Bluetooth
devices• Short distance
• IrDA (Infrared Data Association)o IrDA devices contain IrDA portso Infrared light waveso Line-of-sight transmission
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Types of Computer Types of Computer NetworkNetwork
• Networko Collection of Computers and Devices connected via communication
devices and transmission media.
• Local Area Network (LAN)• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)• Wide Area Network (WAN)• Others
o PAN – Personal Area Networko SAN – Storage Area Network
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• Local Area Network - LANo Computers connected in a limited geographical data.Advantage Sharing of expensive resources (laser printers, storage devices etc.) Can store critical data at central placeDis-Advantage Requires memory space Security Problems
• Metropolitan Area Network – MANo Connects LAN in a metropolitan areao Managed by a consortium of users or a single network provider
• Wide Area Network – WANo Connects computers and devices in a large geographical area
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Comparison between 3 types of Comparison between 3 types of
computercomputerCRITERIA LAN MAN WAN
COST LOW HIGH HIGHER
NETWORK SIZE
SMALL LARGER LARGEST
SPEED FASTEST SLOWER SLOWEST
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
TYPE
TWISTED-PAIR TWISTED PAIR & FIBER OPTIC
CABLES
FIBER OPTIC, RADIO WAVE &
SATELLITE# OF
COMPUTERSSMALLEST LARGE LARGEST
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Internetworking Internetworking DevicesDevices
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Internetworking Internetworking DevicesDevices
• NIC• Modem• Repeaters• Hubs• Bridges• Switches• Routers• Gateways
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NICNIC Coordinates transmission/receipt of data to/from the
device Card installed in an expansion slot of a PC, printer, PC
slot Works with a particular network technology
Ethernet or token ring
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ModemModem• Device that both modulates and demodulates
analog carrier signals (called sine waves) for encoding and decoding digital information for processing.
Example:• Dial-up Modem• ISDN and DSL Modem – send/receive data over a digital
telephone line.• Cable Modem – separate cable to TV
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RepeatersRepeaters• A repeater (or regenerator) is an electronic device
that operates on only the physical layer of the OSI model.
• Repeater receives the signal before it becomes to weak or corrupted and regenerate the original pattern.
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HubHub• Normally used to create connections between
stations in the physical star topology.• 1 collision domain• 1 broadcast domain
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RoutersRouters• Forwards data packets between computer
networks• Routers perform the "traffic directing” –
Transmitting packets to correct destination.• Performs in physical , data link and network
layers of OSI model.
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BridgesBridges• Bridges can divide a large network into smaller
segments.• It operates in both physical and data link layer
in OSI.
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Type of BridgesType of Bridges• Simple Bridge
o Address table must be entered manually.o Whenever new station is added or removed, the table must be
modified.o Installation and maintenance of simple bridge is time consuming.
• Multiple Bridgeo Can be used to connect more than 2 LANs
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• Transparent Bridgeo Transparent of Learning Bridge, build its table of station address on its
own .
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SwitchesSwitches• Intelligent Device• Many Collision Domain• 1 Broadcast Domain
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GatewaysGateways• Potentially operate in all 7 layers of OSI model.• Protocol converter