Medication and Vaccination for HHS Herd -En

Medication and Vaccinationfor

Herd Health Control

Assoc.Prof.Dr.Kitcha UrairongDepartment of Farm Resources and Production MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Thailand.

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Keyfor High Health Pigs.

High Health Pigs

Diseases-Free

or

Minimized Diseases

Good Housing

&

Management

Good Nutrition

&

Water

3

Key for Minimized diseases pigs.

Minimized diseases

pigs

Sources of pigs Endemic diseases

Feed medication

&

Vaccines used

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Need of feed medication and vaccination…

Farm types.

High health status farm.

Conventional farm.

Diseases encountered or endemic diseases.

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High health status farms …

Diseases are minimized.

Minimum use of feed medication and vaccines (CSF/FMD/AD).

Good housings and biosecurity are necessary.

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Conventional farms…

A lot of diseases (endemic diseases) existing in the herd.

Feed medications in some production processes are needed.

Vaccinations against many diseases have to be performed.

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Parturition NurseryNursery

FinisherFinisher

Gestation

Conventional farm(1-site production system)

Replacement

Continuous flow systemorPartial AI-AO system

Nursery

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Keys success for conventional farms…

Maximizes the farrowing performance.

Maximizes the growth performance by controlling of endemic diseases viaVaccination program

Metaphylaxis (strategic medication)

Feed Medication & Vaccinationof

Replacement Gilts and Boars

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Diseases to be concerned…

Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) and other mycoplasmal infections.

Swine erysipelas (SE), Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) and other bacterial infections.

Ileitis (IL) or PIA-complex.

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MP…

Most sows are carriers.

Lower concerned at this time because of routine MP-vaccination for PRDC control.

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SE…

Subclinical in most herds.

Some abortion and MMA in some situations (stressed / immunosuppressed).

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APP…

High risk to introduce this disease into APP-free herd.

Strict quarantine must be performed for the replacements.

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IL…

Very common in most herds esp. in high health status farms.

About 20% of sows in any herds will be carriers.

High impacts on ADG and FCR of finishing pigs.

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Medication and Vaccination...

Feed medication with proper antibiotics for 2-4 weeks.

Basic vaccination against endemic diseases should be performed.

2-4 wks

Basic vaccination

Be selected

+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 - - Mating

Wks after selection at 5 ½ mths

Feed medication

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Feed medication…

Macrolides/Lincosamides1 100 ppm

Broad spectrum antibiotics2 250-300 ppm

1= Josamycin*, Lincomycin, Tiamulin, Tilmicosin*, Tylosin

2= Amoxicillin, Chlortetracycline:CTC (400), Ciprofloxacin (200-250), Sulfa+Trimethoprim (200-250 + 50-75)

* No effect on Ileitis !

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Vaccination of replacements (1)…

PRRS-l1

PRRS-l2

Be selected at

> 5 ½ months

SF AD-l FMD PEL1 PRRS-l3

PEL2 - Mating

4 mths

5 mths

+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 wks

PEL = combined vaccine of Parvovirus + SE + Leptospirosis!

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Vaccination of replacements (2)…

PRRS-k1

PRRS-k2

Be selected at

> 5 ½ months

SF AD-l FMD PEL1 PRRS-k3

PEL2 - Mating

4 mths

5 mths

+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 wks

Feed Medication & Vaccination of

Gestating Sows

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Eperythrozoonosis (EZ)

Pneumonia and septicemic infections

Pasteurellosis (PS)

Swine Erysipelas (SE)

Leptospirosis (LS)

Streptococcosis (STS)

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EZ…

Very common in hot climate countries.

Causes of infertility, mummified fetuses, stillborns, and abortions.

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STS…

The most common cause of abortions and acute deaths under stressed or immunosuppressed condition.

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LS…

Severe outbreak is uncommon.

Clinical outbreak causing severe loss from late term abortions, stillborns, weak piglets with jaundice, conjunctivitis and diarrhea.

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Feed medication…

All period medication for the control of EZ.

Pulse medication for the control of pneumonic and septicemic infections.

- Mating - - - - - - Farrowing -

Feed medication

All period (EZ)

Pulse medicated (Septicemia)

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EZ control…

All gestation period medication

3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid1

(3-Nitro®)

50-75 ppm

1 = 5-Nitro / Arsanilic acid (90-100)

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Pneumonic and septicemic control…

pulse medication during gestation

Broad spectrum antibiotics1

250-300 ppm

5-7 days period,

once or twice a month

1 = Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Sulfa+Trimethoprim (250+75), CTC (400)


Lactating Sows

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Periparturient hypogalactia syndrome (PHS).

Eperythrozoonosis (EZ).

Pneumonic and septicemic infections.

Ileitis (IL)

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PHS …

A lot of factors associated.

High impact on piglets immunity.

Proper management should be performed to maximize farrowing performance.

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Good farrowing performance…

Mummified fetuses < 1-2%

Stillborns < 5-6 %

Litter weigh gain > 2.5 kg/day (= 7.5 kg x 10 x 24 days)

Preweaning loss < 5-6 %

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Injection of antibiotics…

5-7 days pre-farrowing.

Injection of long acting Oxytetracycline(OTC-LA) for EZ control.

- -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 farrow -

OTC- LA

Days before farrowing

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Injection of antibiotics…

1 day or 2 consecutive days prior farrowing.

Injection of broad spectrum antibiotic1

(BA) for MMA control.

1= Amoxicillin, Pen-Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Enrofloxacin, etc.

- -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 farrow -

OTC- LA BA

Days before farrowing

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Feed medication…

-2 -1 farrow +1 +2 +3 Wean +5 +6

Feed medication

Weeks before/after farrowing

Peripartum medication of lactation diet (1 week before/after farrowing) to control of PHS and other systemic or pneumonic pathogens (Metaphylaxis!).

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Feed medication…

-2 -1 farrow +1 +2 +3 Wean +5 +6

Feed medication

Weeks before/after farrowing

Tylosin / Sulfa1 100 ppm

To control MMA and the shedding of Mh/Li.

Ciprofloxacin2 200 ppm

To control MMA.

1= Sulfa/Trimethoprim (250/75 ppm)

2= Enrofloxacin (coated form)

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Sows vaccination…

- AD-l SF - - Farrowing - FMD PEL PRRS-l

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4

To rapidly produce PRRS stable herds.Sows should be vaccinate with PRRS-l before mating to avoid transplacental infection !).

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Sows vaccination…

PRRS-k AD-l SF - - Farrowing - FMD PEL -

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4

To increase colostral immunity against PRRS.

To decrease the severity of PRRSv infection of nursery pigs. Sows should be vaccinate with PRRS-k before farrowing.

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PRRS stabilization of the sow herd (rapidly)…

Risk of congenital infections after the 1st and 2nd vaccinations!!!

1 month 3-4 month

1st vaccination 2nd vaccination 3rd vaccination

Then repeated vaccination every 4 months !!!

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Boars vaccination…

SF Once a year

PEL* Once or twice a year

AD-l Once or twice a year

FMD Twice a year

* PEL = Parvovirus/ Erysipelas/ Leptospirosis


Weaning Pigs and Finishing Pigs

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During nursery period (3-10 wks):

Streptococcal meningoencephalitis (SM)

Glaesser’s disease (GD)

Colibacillosis (CS)

PRDC associated with MP and LPS


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SM…

Common in nursery pigs.

High risk if

Early weaning.

PRRSv infection.

Multiple injection of AB pre-weaning.

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GD…

Common in nursery pigs.

High risk if

Early weaning.

PRRSv infection.

Multiple injection of AB pre-weaning.

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CS…

Pigs before 7 weeks of age are sensitive.

Predisposing factors are poor management, poor nutrition and contaminated feed/water.

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PRDC associated with MP…

Very common in most herds worldwide.

>70% of PRDC cases in nursery.

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PRDC associated with LPS…

Cause severe loss of nursery pigs, > 15-20%

Shows serious respiratory signs.

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Feed medication…

1 2 3 Wean 5 6 7 8 9 10

Creep

Nursery 1

Nursery 2

Weeks of age

Feed medication (metaphylaxis) in creep and nursery diets should be performed to control endemic diseases.

Most critical period is first 2-3 weeks just after weaning (creep and nursery 1).

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Medicated creep…

Focus on the control of colibacillosis and other septicemic infections. Macrolides/Lincosamide1 120-150 ppm Broad Spectrum Antimicrobials2 300 ppm AB against E. coli3 120-150 ppm Zinc Oxide 2,500-3000 ppm

1= Lincomycin, tiamulin, tylosin2= Amoxicillin, CTC (400), Doxycycline (200), Fosfomycin (200), Sulfa/

Trimethoprim (250/75), Tilmicosin (200)3= Colistin

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Medicated nursery diet-1…

Focus on the control of colibacillosis, SM, GD, PRDC and IL.

Macrolides/Lincosamide1 100-120 ppm Broad Spectrum Antimicrobials2 250-300 ppm AB against E. coli3 100-120 ppm Zinc Oxide 2,000-2500 ppm


Trimethoprim (250/75), Tilmicosin (200)3= Colistin

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Medicated nursery diet-2…

Focus on the control of PRDC and IL.

Macrolides/Lincosamide1 100-120 ppm Broad Spectrum Antimicrobials2 250-300 ppm Zinc Oxide 2,000 ppm


Trimethoprim (250/75), Tilmicosin (200)

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During finishing period (10-24 wks)

Streptococcal meningoencephalitis (SM)

PRDC associated with MP, PS and APP

Ileitis (IL)

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PRDC associated with PS…

Quite common in most finishing herds.

Associated with poor management and poor nutrition esp. mycotoxicosis.

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IL…

Quite common in most finishing herds.

High impacts on growth performance and FCG.

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Feed medication in grow-finish diets…

Grower Young finisher Finisher

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Weeks of age

CFM

PFM PFM PFM

Metaphylaxis should be performed by continuous feed medication (CFM) or pulse feed medication (PFM) depended on the severity of the diseases.

Antibiotics withdrawal should be practiced during finishing phase.

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Focus on the control of PRDC and Ileitis.

Macrolides/Lincosamide1 100-120 ppm Broad Spectrum Antimicrobials2 300 ppm

1= Lincomycin, tiamulin, tylosin, Tilmicosin (200)2= Amoxicillin, CTC (400), Doxycycline (200), Sulfa/

Trimethoprim (250/75),

Feed medication in grow-finish diets…

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Vaccination of pre/post-weaning pigs…

MP is necessary in most herds to decrease the loss of PRDC.

APP is recommended in endemic herds esp. in replacement pigs.

MP1

MP*

MP2

SF*

SF1 ADl1 SF2

ADl*

ADl2 FMD1 APP1 FMD2 APP2

1 2 3 Wean 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

PRRS-l (* 4-6 weeks before infection)

Medication and Vaccination for HHS Herd -En

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