Medical ethics (afmc)

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MEDICAL MEDICAL ETHICS ETHICS

Transcript of Medical ethics (afmc)

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MEDICAL MEDICAL ETHICSETHICS

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We belong to a We belong to a Respected and Noble Respected and Noble

ProfessionProfession

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DISTINGUISHED STATUS OF DISTINGUISHED STATUS OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONMEDICAL PROFESSION

Medical Profession is different from all Medical Profession is different from all other professions due to special other professions due to special relationship existing between a relationship existing between a medical practitioner and his patient. medical practitioner and his patient. Medical practitioner has privileged Medical practitioner has privileged position having both skill and position having both skill and authority. While patient is at his authority. While patient is at his mercy, dependent and in a state of mercy, dependent and in a state of complete surrender.complete surrender.

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History of Illness:History of Illness: Means access to secrets of the patient.Means access to secrets of the patient.

Physical Examination:Physical Examination: Means access to body of the patient.Means access to body of the patient.

Medical Treatment:Medical Treatment: Means access to administration of Means access to administration of

poisons, drugs of addiction and poisons, drugs of addiction and surgical cutting of the body. surgical cutting of the body.

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CONTROLLING INFLUENCE CONTROLLING INFLUENCE UPON MEDICAL PRACTITIONERUPON MEDICAL PRACTITIONER

Laws related to medical practice.Laws related to medical practice.Medical ethics.Medical ethics.

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Can we enforce ethics Can we enforce ethics legally?legally?

No.No.people cannot be made moral people cannot be made moral

by Act of Parliament by Act of Parliament

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ETHICSETHICSEthics… derived from the Greek term Ethics… derived from the Greek term “Ethicos”“Ethicos” which stands for rules of which stands for rules of conduct that govern natural disposition in conduct that govern natural disposition in human beings. human beings. Ethics means “Philosophy of Morals”.Ethics means “Philosophy of Morals”.

It helps the person to decide:It helps the person to decide:What is wrong & what is right?What is wrong & what is right?What is virtuous & what is evil?What is virtuous & what is evil? in the human conduct.in the human conduct.

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MEDICAL ETHICSMEDICAL ETHICS Medical ethics means morality in Medical ethics means morality in

medical profession. It is code of medical profession. It is code of conduct imposed by the profession conduct imposed by the profession itself depending upon the attitude of itself depending upon the attitude of the society.the society.

Moral values may differ from society to society e.g.Moral values may differ from society to society e.g.→ → Satti in Hindus.Satti in Hindus.→ → Punishment of Hudood in Muslims.Punishment of Hudood in Muslims.→ → Abortion in Western countries.Abortion in Western countries.→ → Bhuddish – suicide by fire.Bhuddish – suicide by fire.

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VARIOUS CODES OF MEDICAL VARIOUS CODES OF MEDICAL ETHICSETHICS

The Hippocratic Code.The Hippocratic Code.International Code of Medical Ethics.International Code of Medical Ethics.P.M.D.C. Code of Medical Ethics. P.M.D.C. Code of Medical Ethics.

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IMPORTANT COMMON POINTS IMPORTANT COMMON POINTS IN VARIOUS MEDICAL CODES IN VARIOUS MEDICAL CODES Indiscriminate service of humanity.Indiscriminate service of humanity.RespectRespect of teachers. of teachers.RespectRespect of colleagues. of colleagues.RespectRespect and care of patient. and care of patient.Respect Respect of the secrets of the patient.of the secrets of the patient.Maintenance of the noble traditions and Maintenance of the noble traditions and honor of medical profession.honor of medical profession.Respect Respect for human life from the time of for human life from the time of conception to death.conception to death.

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ETHICAL VALUES IN ETHICAL VALUES IN MEDICAL PROFESSIONMEDICAL PROFESSIONARE DETERIORATINGARE DETERIORATING

WHY?WHY?

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FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERIORIATIONDETERIORIATION

Materialism:Materialism: Tendency to be more concerned with Tendency to be more concerned with

material than spiritual values or material than spiritual values or an abnormal desire for wealth. an abnormal desire for wealth. “Get rich quickly”“Get rich quickly” Syndrome. Syndrome.Decline in Religious Influence:Decline in Religious Influence:

Decline in Religious influence on the Decline in Religious influence on the character resulted in character resulted in Lack of Allah's Lack of Allah's Fear. Fear.

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Commercialism:Commercialism: To exploit mainly for profit. Medical practice To exploit mainly for profit. Medical practice

is often called and industry or business. is often called and industry or business. Objective is maximum profit with minimum Objective is maximum profit with minimum input. It lead to a change from input. It lead to a change from

Mission ------------- to ------------- Commission.Mission ------------- to ------------- Commission. e.g., “percentage” from the Labs, e.g., “percentage” from the Labs,

Pharmaceutical concerns and Hospitals etc.Pharmaceutical concerns and Hospitals etc.Science & Technology:Science & Technology:

Newly developed intricate procedures Newly developed intricate procedures whose ethical value is doubtful e.g., Artificial whose ethical value is doubtful e.g., Artificial insemination, Surrogate motherhood and insemination, Surrogate motherhood and Cloning.Cloning.

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HOWHOWSITUATION CAN BE IMPROVEDSITUATION CAN BE IMPROVED

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CORRECTION OF CONCEPTSCORRECTION OF CONCEPTS

A.A. Medical Practice is a Service, not Medical Practice is a Service, not Business.Business.

B.B. Medical Profession is basically to Medical Profession is basically to make Aakhrat, not Money.make Aakhrat, not Money.

C.C. Keep yourself at the place of Keep yourself at the place of patient and think what are your patient and think what are your expectations.expectations.

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OATH FOR MEDICAL OATH FOR MEDICAL GRADUATESGRADUATES

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious and In the name of Allah, Most Gracious and Merciful.Merciful.I solemnly pledge thatI solemnly pledge thatI shall abide by the principles laid down in I shall abide by the principles laid down in the Code of Medical Ethics of the the Code of Medical Ethics of the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council. Pakistan Medical and Dental Council.

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I further make solemn declaration that:I further make solemn declaration that:I consecrate my life to the service of humanity.I consecrate my life to the service of humanity.I will give to my teachers the respect and the I will give to my teachers the respect and the gratitude which is their due.gratitude which is their due.I will practice my profession with conscience I will practice my profession with conscience dignity and fear of God.dignity and fear of God.The health of any patient will be my first The health of any patient will be my first consideration.consideration.I will respect the secrets, which are confined to I will respect the secrets, which are confined to me.me.I will maintain by all the means in my power, the I will maintain by all the means in my power, the honor and the noble traditions of the medical honor and the noble traditions of the medical profession.profession.

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My colleagues will be my brothers and My colleagues will be my brothers and sisters.sisters.I will not permit consideration of religion, I will not permit consideration of religion, nationality, race, party politics, social nationality, race, party politics, social standings to intervene between my duty and standings to intervene between my duty and my patient.my patient.I will maintain the utmost respect, for human I will maintain the utmost respect, for human life, from the time of conception; even under life, from the time of conception; even under threat, and will not use my medical threat, and will not use my medical knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity.knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity.

I make these promises solemnly, free and I make these promises solemnly, free and upon my honor. upon my honor.

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