Medical Careers Ms. Bystrom
Urinary System Medical Careers Ms. Bystrom Functions Excretion: removing waste from blood
Secretion: separation of certain materials from the blood Elimination: emptying urine from the bladder Organs of the Urinary System
Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Two-bean shaped organs located high in the abdominal cavity
Kidneys Two-bean shaped organs located high in the abdominal cavity External Kidneys Covered by a tough fibrous capsule
Hilum: concave border where the renal artery enters and renal vein and ureter exit Internal Kidney Divided into two sections: Medulla: triangular
shaped wedges that separate and remove waste products from blood Calyces:areas where waste is emptied Cortex: smooth areas around medulla Nephrons The filtering unit of the kidneys Function:
Over 1 million per kidney Resembles a funnel with a long, twisted tail Function: filtration: everything in blood is filtered out Reabsorption: returns useful substances to bloodstream Secretion: gets rid of waste The nephron unit Structures of the Nephron
Bowmans capsule: The hard, hollow capsule located on top of each nephron Glomerulus: cluster of capillaries located inside of each capsule The sections of the Nephron Ureters Long, slender muscular tubes attached to each kidney, leading to the urinary bladder Ureters Peristalsis: wave-like muscular contractions that move urine down the ureter into the bladder Calculi: stones that form in the renal pelvis and are washed down the ureter with urine Urinary bladder Collapsible bag of muscular tissue that expands to serve as a reservoir for urine Urethra Tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body
Sphincters: donut-shaped muscles that permit voluntary control of bladder function. Define These Urinary Terms
Dysuria Polyuria Oliguria Pyuria Nocturia Hematuria Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Define:
Cystitis Urethritis Nephritis Tests Performed Urinalysis: test performed on urine to determine its characteristics C & S: culture and sensitivity; test performed to see if bacteria is resistant or sensitive to certain meds Tests Performed Lithotripsy: use of shockwaves to crush stones
Dialysis: mechanical process of removing waste from blood normally removed by kidneys