Measuring Results InPay For Performance Cleanups

Brian Dougherty

Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Monitoring Cleanup

PFP Milestones Pre-determined events when payments are

made Usually based on a subset of the data

Cleanup Target Levels Satisfy state requirements for all contaminants

and all media

PFP Milestones

Typical Breakdown 45% System Startup 10% Contaminants reduced by 50% 10% Contaminants reduced by 75% 10% Contaminants reduced by 90% 10% Reach CTLs (all media and contaminants) 15% Hold CTLs and Close Site

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Components of Monitoring PFP Cleanup Progress

Establish the baseline. Determine the endpoint. Select key monitoring wells. Specify perimeter wells. Calculate milestones. Provide for split sampling. Provide for verification wells and borings. Maintain cleanup levels.

Establish The Baseline

This is point from which all progress will be measured. Should be very recent data or first task in PFP

agreement, not based on previous data.

Sample several wells to get good snapshot of the site. Specify analyses and analytes of interest.

Determine the Endpoint

Strict Resource Protection. High cost, long duration but clean site.

Site Specific Target Levels. Lower cost, shorter duration. Monitoring period may extend cleanup.

Endpoint OptionsStrict resource protection.

High Cost, Clean Site.

Site Specific Levels with monitoring. Long term monitoring leads to delayed payment.

• Payment delay causes cost to increase.

• Natural attenuation not a performance issue.

Site Specific levels with no monitoring. Low cost, short duration. No assurance if site rebounds

Key Monitoring Wells

Milestone measurement points.Carefully choose a small, representative

number of wells. Consider how you will measure progress.

Clean wells don’t add to information.Allow for changes if site conditions change.

Corner Gas

Station

Key Monitoring Wells

Perimeter Wells

Important to make sure plume doesn’t move away.

Keep to a minimum. More wells may provide more comfort, but at a

higher price.

Corner Gas

Station

Perimeter Wells

Milestone MeasurementAverage of Key Monitoring Wells.

Sensitive to large change in single well. Less indicative if key wells differ widely in

contaminant levels.

CoC Reduction in each well. Precise measure of progress. Harder to make progress in well with low

contaminant levels.

Mass Reduction.

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Milestone Measurement

Split Sampling

Important for verifying progress and payments.

Require prior notice of any milestone sampling event.

Tie payment terms to agreement between split samples.

Verification Wells & Borings

Important to confirm site is clean and not just that certain wells are clean.

Withhold final payment pending results.Allow contractor to split samples.

Maintaining Cleanup Levels

Minimum time period (State Requirement.) Typically 6 to 12 months

Provision for spikes and rebounds. Resample to confirm? Require corrective action? Does monitoring period reset?

Pay For Performance Monitoring

Goal: Pay for Environmental Results. Measure real reductions in contaminant levels. Monitor cleanup progress. Confirm results.

Provide Defined Goals for: PFP Payments. Meeting State Standards.