Sustainabilitymeasures on the

semiperiphery: (South) Eastern

Europe

Mladen Domazet Institute for Political Ecology, Zagreb EESC: New EU Goals and Policies for Sustainable Development

IPE is a research and education organisation shaping alternative development models and innovative institutional forms for a democratic political and economic social transformation. Weaddress present-day environmental shifts as social phenomena that reduce or increase social inequalities and affect power relations. We also conduct transdisciplinary studies and education programmes in cooperation with local and international institutions and organisations.

Our research cooperation is a basis for the expert analyses and disucssion platforms provided to social movements, as well as political and economic actors advocating environmentally sustainable, just and democratic society in Croatia and abroad.

www.ipe.hr

13%Haas et al. (2015) How Circular is the Global Economy?

There is no decoupling

• By 2050 annual materialthroughput 3X largerthan sustainable(Dittrich et al. 2012) • 2X larger with best

existing efficiencypractices appliedworldwide

• Rebound effect: eats upefficiency gains andregulation with 3% GDP growth

Wiedmann et al. (2015)

Australia

Belgium

China Croatia

Denmark

Hong KongSouth Korea

Phillipines

Spain

United States

R² = 0,643

0

5

10

15

20

$0 $10.000 $20.000 $30.000 $40.000 $50.000 $60.000

Car

bo

n fo

otp

rint

met

ric

ton

s C

O2

per

cap

ita

per

yea

r

GDP per capita

Economic throughput connected to climatechange drivers

Kallis 2018

Domazet 2018

AT

BE

BG

HR

CZ

DK

FI

FR

DE

LVLT

NO

RU

SK

SI

ES

SE

CH

GB

R² = 0,1891

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

0,50 0,55 0,60 0,65 0,70 0,75 0,80 0,85

If t

hin

gs c

on

tin

ue

on

th

eir

pre

sen

t co

urs

e, w

e

will

so

on

exp

eri

en

ce a

maj

or

eco

logi

cal

cata

stro

ph

e(%

agr

ee

)–

EVS

20

08

Inequality-adjusted Income Index 2011Domazet, Richardson & Ančić 2017

Domazet and Ančić (2017)

Domazet and Ančić (2017)

Raworth 2017

South-easternEurope

AC: anthropocentrism, DT: distrust, FF: fatty foodstuffs, OW: overwork, LU: land-use intensity, CE: carbon emissions

LS: life satisfaction, VT: voter turnout, RE: renewable energy, SS: soil stability, WP: wilderness protection

AC: anthropocentrism, DT: distrust, FF: fatty foodstuffs, OW: overwork, LU: land-use intensity, CE: carbon emissions

LS: life satisfaction, VT: voter turnout, RE: renewable energy, SS: soil stability, WP: wilderness protection

Western Europe

Degrowth support index (selection) –Croatia 2017, N=1026

1. Current global economic system isunsustainable. [F2 „SOCIAL CHANGE”]

2. To reduce poverty we need to redistributemoney and material possession [F2„SOCIAL CHANGE”]

3. In order to have a just and sustainableeconomy deep societal change is required.[F2 „SOCIAL CHANGE”]

4. We need to put less emphasis on moneyand material possessions. [F3 „NON-MATERIALIST TURN”]

5. People should spend less time in paidwork and more in voluntary communityactivities/engagement. [F3 „NON-MATERIALIST TURN”]

6. Limited availability of natural resources (e.g.oil, gas) will sooner or later result in an endto economic growth [F1 „END OF GROWTH”]

7. Climate change and other environmentalproblems will sooner or later result in anend to economic growth [F1 „END OFGROWTH”]

8. Economic growth always harms theenvironment [F1 „END OF GROWTH”]

9. To contribute to the fair mitigation of globalclimate change Croatia must reduce its CO2emissions. [F1 „END OF GROWTH”]

Croatia 2017 – N 1026

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Less time in paid work, more incommunity

Economic growth: damageenvironment

Current global ec. systemunsustainable

Need less emphasis on money

Reduce poverty: redistributewealth

Just and sustainable economy:deep societal change

Agree Undecided Disagree

(Brajdić Vuković and Domazet, forthcoming)

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

None 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 To a big extent

Climate change on personal level

To what extent do you feel a personal responsibility to try to mitigate climate change?

At this point, how serious is climate change as a problem?

(Ančić, Puđak and Domazet, forthcoming)

(Ančić, Puđak and Domazet, forthcoming)

0,0

20,0

40,0

60,0

80,0

100,0

NEP Limits togrowth

NEP Humandomination over

nature

NEP Humanexceptionalism

NEP Natural balanceand eco-crisis

SUSTAINABLE VALUE ORIENTATIONS

(Ančić, Puđak and Domazet, forthcoming)

Food self-provisioning in East and West

• Coping strategy of poor ‘urban peasantry’ in CEE (Albert & Kohler 2008); post-2008 coping strategy of working class (Promberger 2017)

• ‘affordable hobby for middle class’ (Jehlička, Kostelecky &Smith 2013); ‘quiet sustainability’ for all classes (Smith, Kostelecky & Jehlička 2015), ‘suburban hobby’ (Vavra et al. 2017) – resilience through pleasure

• Social stratification in Croatia: structural and subjective aspects (STRAT) revive class analysis in Croatia: 1000 face-to-face surveys, stratified random multi-staged sample of adult respondents; fielded in December 2017. • Explore the class division of Croatian society from the neo-Marxist, neo-Weberian

and Bourdieu´s class perspective: social networks and engagement, education and working conditions, knowledge and values, health and wellbeing and access to natural and public infrastructure.

This work has been supported in part by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project number 3134.“

Croatia

Food self-provisioning motivation

hobby,

application of

skills and

knowledge

family tradition

and obligations

economic

reasonsecological reasons

%

Total 12,2 12,0 16,8 57,1

High class 23,9 13,0 6,5 56,5χ2=16,612

;

p<0,01

Middle class 10,9 12,0 12,0 65,2

Working class 10,4 11,7 23,9 53,9

Sharing produce with:

N %

Nobody 49 4.8

Family 587 57.3

Neighbours 173 16.9

Friends 185 18.1

Colleagues 30 3.0

Total 1024 100

This work has been supported in part by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project number 3134.

(Ančić, Domazet and Župarić Iljić, 2019)

1. Haas, W. et al. (2015) How circular is theglobal economy? J. Ind. Ecol. 19: 765-777

2. Wiedmann, T.O., et al., 2015. The material footprint of nations. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 112 (20), 6271–6276.

3. Kallis, G. 2018. The case for degrowth, ppt at Post-growth conference 2018, Euro. Parl.

4. Domazet, M. (2018). Degrowth – a sober vision of limiting warming to 1.5 °C. In Unmüßig, B. and Schneider, L. (eds.) Radical Realism for Climate Justice. vol. 44.4. Berin: Heinrich Böll Siftung.

5. Domazet, M., Richardson, L., Ančić, B. (2017). Quiet degrowth – diachronic and synchronic perspectives on the European semiperiphery, 12th Conference of the European Society for Ecological Economics Programs and Abstracts.

6. Domazet, M.; Ančić, B. (2017). How Far for the Money? Affluence and Democratic Degrowth Potential in Europe. In A. Telesiene and M. Gross (eds.) Green European: Environmental Behaviour and Attitudes in Europe in a Historical and Cross-Cultural Comparative Perspective. London: Routledge

7. Raworth, K. (2017). Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. London: Random House.

8. Ančić, B.; Domazet, M.; Župarić-Iljić, D. 2019. “‘For my health and for my friends’: Exploring motivation, sharing, environmentalism, resilience and class structure of food self-provisioning”. Geoforum. 106: 68-77. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.07.018