Measurements of gas exchange at Siikaneva boreal fen

Janne Rinne

University of Helsinki, Finland

20-30% of the total terrestial carbon storage is in northern peatlands

Continuous measurements in natural wetland are rare

With help from

Mika Aurela, Terhi Riutta, Sami Haapanala, Heidi Hellén, Mari Pihlatie

Three wetland main sites in the CarboEurope

Kilometers

Lake

Agriculture

Coniferous forest

Broad-leafed forest

Mixed forest

Seedlings

Sounding sitePopulation centers and industial areas

Wetlands and peat harvesting areas

Open areas, clearcuts, roads

Hyytiälä

Siikaneva fen

SIIKANEVA

•Boreal fen located 5 km from Hyytiälä

•Largest remaining natural fen in Southern Finland

•Peat depth up to 4 meters at the measurement site

•Accumulated since the last ice age

•Siikaneva is a minerotrophic fen

•Vegetation dominated by Spaghnum mosses and sedges

Yearly average 3.3C

Yearly total 713 mm

2005

MEASUREMENTS

•Eddy covariance measurements of CO2, H2O and CH4 fluxes

•Relaxed eddy accumulation measurements of VOC fluxes

•Chamber measurements of the exchange of CO2, CH4 and VOCs

•Weather and soil parameters

•Gas concentrations in soil water

•Peat properties from drilled samples

•Vertical peat movement

•DOC and DIC analyzes planned in near future

Department of Physical Sciences

J. Rinne, M. Pihlatie, S. Haapanala, T. Vesala

Department of Forest Ecology

T. Riutta, S. Juutinen, E.-S. Tuittila, J. Pumpanen, P. Hari

Climate and Global Change Research

M. Aurela, J.-P. Tuovinen, T. Laurila

Air Chemistry Laboratory

H. Hellén, H. Hakola

Joensuu office

E. Kellner

Parkano office

J. Laine

Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences

K. Yrjälä, H. Juottonen

University of Helsinki, Finland

Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki

Finnish Forest Research Institute

2004

1 Jun 1 Jul 1 Aug 1 Sep 1 Oct 1 Nov 1 Dec 1 Jan

CO

2 flu

x (m

gC

O2

m-2

s-1)

-0.25

-0.20

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10 Air

te

mpe

ratu

re (

C)

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

Carbon dioxide exchange

Yearly CO2 balance about -150 g m-2 (-40 g C m-2) (June 2004 - May 2005)

Methane emissions measured by EC method, 2005

Yearly emission about 10 g C m-2

GWP100 300 CO2-eq. g m-2

Methane emissions by chamber measurements

VOC emissions

REA technique

Chambertechnique

y = 680,6x

R2 = 0,7

y = 223,8x

R2 = 0,7

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7

Light and temperature activity factor (CLCT)

Iso

pre

ne

flu

x [m

g m

-2 h

-1]

REAchamber

TCPARCEE TLs

Main emitted species: isoprene (C5H8)

Yearly emission about 0.1 g C m-2

Important for the boundary layer air chemistry and possibly for aerosol formation

Gas concentrations in soil waterPeat movement

Peat properties

Summary

• Carbon balance view: Siikaneva is a sink of carbon, methane significant

• Greenhouse gas balance view: Siikaneva is a source of greenhouse gases, methane important

• In addition Siikaneva is a source of reactive VOCs

• However, the numbers are preliminary

Infrastructure

• Siikaneva has 220 V AC line power• Road 20 meters from the edge of the fen• Wooden walk-ways supported by poles driven to

the mineral soil• Hyytiälä forestry station provides accomodation,

nutrition and other services• Distance to Helsinki 230 km, to Tampere 70 km,

and to Orivesi 20 km • More info from Janne Rinne

(janne.rinne@helsinki.fi) or Eeva-Stiina Tuittila (eevastiina.tuittila@helsinki.fi)

Thank you for your attention... ...and see you there!