Meaning and Concept of Meaning and Concept of BiomechanicsBiomechanics

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Dr. Ajay KumarDr. Ajay Kumar

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

• When the study of mechanics is limited When the study of mechanics is limited to living structure especially the human to living structure especially the human body, is called biomechanics.body, is called biomechanics.

• Biomechanics may be considered to be Biomechanics may be considered to be that aspect of the science of movement that aspect of the science of movement (kinesiology) which has to do the effect (kinesiology) which has to do the effect of force upon the state of motion or rest of force upon the state of motion or rest of living bodies.of living bodies.

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

•A field that combines the A field that combines the disciplines of biology and disciplines of biology and engineering mechanics and utilizes engineering mechanics and utilizes the tools of physics, mathematics, the tools of physics, mathematics, and engineering to quantitatively and engineering to quantitatively or qualitatively describe the or qualitatively describe the properties of biological materials. properties of biological materials.

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

•The application of physics and The application of physics and mechanics to the study of mechanics to the study of movement. In sport, biomechanics movement. In sport, biomechanics is especially concerned with how the is especially concerned with how the human body applies forces to itself human body applies forces to itself and objects with which it comes into and objects with which it comes into contact, and how the human body is contact, and how the human body is affected by external forces. affected by external forces.

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

•The application of physics and The application of physics and mechanics to the study of mechanics to the study of movement. In sport, biomechanics movement. In sport, biomechanics is especially concerned with how the is especially concerned with how the human body applies forces to itself human body applies forces to itself and objects with which it comes into and objects with which it comes into contact, and how the human body is contact, and how the human body is affected by external forces.affected by external forces.

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

•BiomechanicsBiomechanics is the research is the research and analysis of the and analysis of the mechanics of of living living organisms or the or the application and derivation of application and derivation of engineering principles to and engineering principles to and from biological systems. from biological systems.

Definition of BiomechanicsDefinition of Biomechanics

• A study of the fundamental principles A study of the fundamental principles of mechanics as they apply to of mechanics as they apply to movement and skills, aid the teacher movement and skills, aid the teacher and coach in the analysis of skills for and coach in the analysis of skills for the purpose of correction error, leads the purpose of correction error, leads to the development of technique and to the development of technique and the intelligent evaluation of new the intelligent evaluation of new technique as they come alongtechnique as they come along

Historical Aspects of Historical Aspects of BiomechanicsBiomechanics

•Aristotle wrote the first book on wrote the first book on biomechanics, biomechanics, De Motu AnimaliumDe Motu Animalium, or , or On the Movement of Animals. He not On the Movement of Animals. He not only saw animals' bodies as mechanical only saw animals' bodies as mechanical systems, but pursued questions such systems, but pursued questions such as the physiological difference between as the physiological difference between imagining performing an action and imagining performing an action and actually doing it. actually doing it.

Historical Aspects of Historical Aspects of BiomechanicsBiomechanics

• C.H.McCloy of university of IOWA had C.H.McCloy of university of IOWA had practically showed that performance practically showed that performance could be improved by the application could be improved by the application of appropriate mechanical principles.of appropriate mechanical principles.

• He was the first to develop a course He was the first to develop a course in the in the Mechanical Analysis of Mechanical Analysis of Motor Skills.Motor Skills.

Historical Aspects of Historical Aspects of BiomechanicsBiomechanics

• Contribution of Ruth Glassow of the Contribution of Ruth Glassow of the university of Winconsin as a pioneer university of Winconsin as a pioneer in cinematographic analysis of in cinematographic analysis of human motion also developed the human motion also developed the interest among the physical interest among the physical educators towards this area.educators towards this area.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

•MechanicsMechanics -The laws of physics -The laws of physics related to motion.related to motion.

•MechanicsMechanics –The scientific study –The scientific study which provide accurate answers which provide accurate answers to what is happening, why it is to what is happening, why it is happening and to what extent it happening and to what extent it is happening is called mechanics.is happening is called mechanics.

Major Divisions of Major Divisions of MechanicsMechanics

•StaticsStatics - The study of - The study of equilibrium or balance.equilibrium or balance.

•StaticsStatics – Statics covers situation – Statics covers situation in which all forces acting on a in which all forces acting on a body are balanced and the body body are balanced and the body is in equilibrium is in equilibrium

Major Divisions of Major Divisions of MechanicsMechanics

•DynamicsDynamics - The study of - The study of disequilibrium.disequilibrium.

•DynamicsDynamics - The branch of - The branch of mechanics which deals with mechanics which deals with bodies subject to unbalanced bodies subject to unbalanced forces is called dynamicsforces is called dynamics

Subdivisions of Major Subdivisions of Major branchesbranches

• KinematicsKinematics --» Descriptive analysis of --» Descriptive analysis of space and time. Study of qualities of space and time. Study of qualities of motion, speed, velocity, acceleration. How motion, speed, velocity, acceleration. How the motion appears. the motion appears.

• KineticsKinetics --» Causal analysis. Study of --» Causal analysis. Study of forces involved in causing and resulting forces involved in causing and resulting from motion. What cause or result from from motion. What cause or result from motion. motion.

ExamplesExamples

• Some simple Some simple examples of examples of biomechanics biomechanics research include the research include the investigation of the investigation of the forces that act on forces that act on limbs, the limbs, the aerodynamics of bird aerodynamics of bird and insect flight, the and insect flight, the hydrodynamics of hydrodynamics of swimming in fish swimming in fish

EXAMPLE FROM SPORTSEXAMPLE FROM SPORTS