MDSW-Karnataka10

M/s Mysore Minerals Limited (A Govt. of Karnataka Undertaking)

# 39, M.G. Road, Bangalore – 560 001.

Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment and

Environment Management Plan

(Winter Season Dec. 2006 –Feb. 2007) FOR

“Chikkashellikeri Limestone Mines” M. L. NO. - 2494

(Extent:- 64.35 ha.) (Increase of Production from 0.12 to 0.250 million

tonnes per annum) at

Chikkashellikeri Village, Bagalkot Taluk, Bagalkote KARNATAKA

Prepared By

NETEL (INDIA) LIMITED S. V. Road, Manpada, Thane – 400 607

Tel: 2589 0110/111 (D) 2589 2191 Fax: 022-2589 0976 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.netel-india.com

Rapid – EIA Study Contents

M/s Netel (India) Ltd. ii

TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................................ii LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES .....................................................................................................vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................1 CHAPTER 1 ..................................................................................................................1

1.1 PREAMBLE ...................................................................................................1 1.2 NEED FOR PROJECT ...................................................................................1 1.3 NEED FOR REIA/EMP .................................................................................1 1.4 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ............................................................2 1.5 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT ...................................................................3

CHAPTER 2 ..................................................................................................................5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION............................................................................................5

2.1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................5 2.2 PROJECT LOCATION ..................................................................................5 2.3 ACCESSIBILITY...........................................................................................5 2.4 APPROVALS ACCORDED ..........................................................................8 2.5 PROJECT COST ............................................................................................8 2.6 PHYSIOGRAPHY..........................................................................................8 2.7 GEOLOGY AND RSERVES.........................................................................8

2.7.1 Black Cotton Soil .................................................................................9 2.7.2 Shale ......................................................................................................9 2.7.3 Dolomitic limestone..............................................................................9 2.7.4 High Calcium Limestone (Grey Limestone)......................................9 2.7.5 Reserves ................................................................................................9 2.7.6 Mineralogy..........................................................................................11

2.8 MINING........................................................................................................11 2.9 MINE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION .........................................12

2.9.1 Stacking of Mineral rejects and Disposal of Waste .......................12 2.10 BLASTING...................................................................................................13

2.10.1 Burden, Spacing, Depth and Sub Grade Drilling ..........................13 2.10.2 Explosives...........................................................................................13 2.10.3 Secondary Blasting............................................................................13 2.10.4 Explosive Requirement and Storage ...............................................13 2.10.5 Extent of Mechanism ........................................................................14

2.11 MINERAL BENIFICATION .......................................................................14 2.11.1 Mineral Processing.............................................................................14

2.12 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE REQUIREMENT ................................15 2.12.1 Water...................................................................................................15 2.12.2 Workforce ...........................................................................................16 2.10.3 Power Requirement ...........................................................................17 2.10.4 First Aid Station .................................................................................17

CHAPTER - 3 ..............................................................................................................18 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS ..............................................................18

3.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................18 3.2 STUDY AREA .............................................................................................18 3.3 METEOROLOGY ........................................................................................19 3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................25

3.4.1 Methodology adopted and Selection of sampling locations ...........26


M/s Netel (India) Ltd. iii

3.4.2 Details of sampling locations.............................................................28 3.4.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques...............................................29 3.4.4 Results of AAQM ...............................................................................30

3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................33 3.5.1 Selection of Locations for Monitoring..............................................34 3.5.2 Results .................................................................................................34

3.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT..........................................................................35 3.6.1 Methodology .......................................................................................35 3.6.2 Ground Water Sampling Locations .................................................36 3.6.3 Results of Ground Water Samples ...................................................38 3.6.4 Surface Water.....................................................................................38 3.6.5 Surface Water Sampling Locations..................................................38 3.6.6 Results of Surface Water Samples....................................................39

3.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................39 3.7.1 Mine Drainage ....................................................................................41

3.8 LAND USE...................................................................................................43 3.8.1 Core Zone ...........................................................................................43 3.8.2 Buffer Zone.........................................................................................43

3.9 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT................................................................45 3.9.1 Objectives for Ecological Studies .....................................................45 3.9.2 Ecology of mining site and dumping site .........................................46 3.9.3 Flora ....................................................................................................46 3.9.4 Fauna...................................................................................................47

3.10 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO - ECONOMICS.........................................47 3.10.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study ................................................47 3.10.2 Demographic ......................................................................................48 3.10.3 Socio economic profile .......................................................................48

CHAPTER 4 ................................................................................................................51 IMPACT PREDICTION..............................................................................................51

4.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................51 4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS ..............................................................51

4.2.1 Mining Operations .............................................................................51 4.2.2 Limestone Crushing...........................................................................52 4.2.3 Associated Infrastructure..................................................................52

4.3 CLIMATE.....................................................................................................53 4.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY..........................................................................53

4.4.1 Occupational Health Hazards Due to Dust Pollution ....................55 4.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................56

4.5.1 Occupational Health Hazards of Noise Pollution ...........................58 4.6 GROUND VIBRATIONS ............................................................................59 4.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT..........................................................................60

4.7.1 Impacts on Surface Water.................................................................60 4.7.2 Impacts of Mining on Ground Water ..............................................61

4.8 LAND USE...................................................................................................62 4.8.1 Soil .......................................................................................................63

4.9 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL........................................................................63 4.10 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS...........................................................................64 4.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS..................................................................64

CHAPTER 5 ................................................................................................................65 IMPACT EVALUATION ...........................................................................................65


M/s Netel (India) Ltd. iv

5.1 APPROACH .................................................................................................65 5.2 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT ..........................................................65

5.2.1 Quantitative Estimation of Impacts on Air Environment..............65 5.2.2 Sources of Dust Emission ..................................................................66 5.2.3 Emission Details .................................................................................66 5.2.4 Summary of Predicted Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’S) of

SPM .....................................................................................................69 5.2.5 Impact due to Transportation...........................................................70

5.3 ENVIRONMETAL IMPACT MATRIX......................................................71 5.4 PROJECT SPECIFIC EVALUATION ........................................................73

5.4.1 PIV For Environmental Components ..............................................73 5.4.2 Relative Parameter Importance Index (RPII) ................................75 5.4.3 Environmental Impact Index (EII) ..................................................76 5.4.4 Weighted Environmental Impact Index (WEII) .............................84

5.5 POTENTIAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION WITHOUT MITIGATIVE MEASURES .................................................................................................84

5.6 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS .........................................................................84 5.7 POTENTIAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION WITH MITIGATIVE

MEASURES .................................................................................................85 5.8 RESIDUAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION..................................................85

CHAPTER 6 ................................................................................................................86 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN..........................................................86

6.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................86 6.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT............................................86

6.2.1 Controlling Dust Level ......................................................................86 6.2.2 Controlling CO Levels .......................................................................87 6.2.3 Controlling NOX Levels .....................................................................87 6.2.4 Green Belt ...........................................................................................88 6.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety Measures to Control Dust

Inhalation............................................................................................88 6.3 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL ...............................................................88

6.3.1 Occupational Health and Safety Measures to Control Exposure to Noise ....................................................................................................89

6.4 CONTROL OF GROUND VIBRATIONS & FLY ROCKS BOULDER ...89 6.5 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT........................................................90

6.5.1 Water Resources ................................................................................90 6.5.2 Water Management ...........................................................................90

6.6 LAND MANAGEMENT..............................................................................91 6.6.1 Land Reclamation ..............................................................................91 6.6.2 Top Soil Management........................................................................94

6.7 AFFORESTATION PLAN...........................................................................95 6.7.1 Afforestation Already Carried Out ..................................................96 6.7.2 Afforestation Proposed ......................................................................96 6.7.3 Stage Wise Cumulative Plantation ...................................................96

6.8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ..............................................................97 6.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & HYGIENE................................................98 6.10 PROPOSED SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ...........................102 6.11 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL & MONITORING PROGRAMME ....102

6.11.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) .....................................102 6.11.2 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters ...........................................103


M/s Netel (India) Ltd. v

6.11.3 Budget Provision for EMP ..............................................................104 CHAPTER 7 ..............................................................................................................106 DISASTERS MANAGEMENT PLAN.....................................................................106

7.1 DEFINITION..............................................................................................106 7.2 SCOPE ........................................................................................................106 7.3 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDS ......................106 7.4 CONTROL MEASURES FOR HAZARDS/DISASTERS ........................107 7.5 ONSITE EMERGENCY PLAN.................................................................107

ANNEXURES ...........................................................................................................110

Rapid – EIA Study List of Tables

M/s Netel (India) Ltd. vi

LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Survey of Environmental Attributes.............................................................3 Table 2.1: Site Details....................................................................................................5 Table 2.2: Geological Reserves .....................................................................................9 Table 2.3: Salient features of the Mine........................................................................11 Table 2.4: Development and Production Proposals.....................................................12 Table 2.5: Requirement of Mining Machineries..........................................................14 Table 2.6: Water Requirement for the Mining Operations ..........................................15 Table 2.7: Manpower Requirement .............................................................................16 Table 3.1: Meteorological Data monitored at the Project Site....................................21 Table 3.2: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations .................................28 Table 3.3: Details of AAQM Parameters and Frequency of Sampling .......................28 Table 3.4: Methods used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring...................................30 Table 3.5: Summary of the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring .....................................31 Table 3.6: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) ..................................33 Table 3.7: Details of Noise Monitoring Locations ......................................................34 Table 3.8: Noise Monitoring Results in the Study area ...............................................34 Table 3.9: Ambient Noise Quality Standards ..............................................................35 Table 3.10: Details of Ground Water Sampling Locations..........................................38 Table 3.11: Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations..........................................39 Table 3.12: Details of Soil Sampling Locations ..........................................................41 Table 3.13: Land Use Pattern of Mining Lease Area ..................................................43 Table 3.14: Landuse Pattern of Buffer Zone ...............................................................43 Table 3.15: Distribution of Literates............................................................................49 Table 4.1: Effects of Air Pollutants on Plants and Animals ........................................55 Table 4.2: Summary of Impact Assessment: Air Quality ............................................56 Table 4.3: Noise Exposure Levels and Its Effects .......................................................59 Table 4.4: Summary of Impact Assessment: Water Resources ...................................62 Table 4.5: Summary of Impact Assessment: Soil and Land-use .................................63 Table 5.1: Emissions Details........................................................................................67 Table 5.2: Overall Scenario .........................................................................................69 Table 5.3: Estimation of Tippers for Transport ...........................................................71 Table 5.4: Determination of EII for Category "A" Parameters....................................73 Table 5.5: Determination of EII for Category "B" Parameters....................................73 Table 5.6: Determination of PIV .................................................................................75 Table 5.7: Potential Impact Identification Matrix( Without Environmental Management Plan) .......................................................................................................77 Table 5.8 : Potential Impact Identification Matrix (With Environment management Plan i.e. with Mitigative Measures) .............................................................................81 Table 5.9: Impact Matrix Without Mitigative Measures .............................................84 Table 5.10:Impact Matrix with Mitigative Measures ..................................................85 Table 6.1: Stagewise Reclamation/Afforestation plan.................................................93 Table 6.2: Conceptual landuse plan (Post mining) ......................................................94 Table 6.3: Afforestation Already Carried Out .............................................................96 Table 6.4: Afforestation Proposed ...............................................................................96 Table 6.5:Stage Wise Cumulative Plantation ..............................................................97 Table 6.6: Suggested Monitoring Program................................................................104 Table 6.7: Budget for Environmental Protective Measures in Rs. Lakhs..................105

Rapid – EIA Study List of Figures

M/s Netel (India) Ltd. vii

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Location Map............................................................................................6 Figure 2.2: Mine Layout Plan/Surface Plan ..............................................................7 Figure 2.3: Geological Map of Mining Area............................................................10 Figure 2.4: Schematic Diagram of the Tentative Flow Sheet of Crusher .............15 Figure 3.1: Study Area within 10 km Radius from Project Site............................19 Figure 3.2 : Windrose for the Month of December 2006........................................22 Figure 3.3 : Windrose for the Month of January 2007...........................................23 Figure 3.4 : Windrose for the Month of February 2007.........................................24 Figure 3.5 : Windrose for the Month of December 2006 to February 2007 .........25 Figure 3.6: Locations of Ambient Air & Noise Quality Monitoring Stations ......27 Figure 3.7: Locations of Water Quality Monitoring Stations................................37 Figure 3.8: Locations of Soil Monitoring Stations ..................................................40 Figure 3.9: Drainage Plan of Study Area.................................................................42 Figure 3.10: Land Use Plan of Core Zone ...............................................................44 Figure 3.11: Occupational Pattern of the Study Area ............................................49 Figure 4.1: Predicted Noise Levels ...........................................................................58 Figure 5.1: Predicted Ground Levels Concentrations............................................70 Figure 6.1: Conceptual Post Mining Land Use Plan ..............................................95 Figure 6.2: Environment Management Plan ...........................................................99 Figure 6.3: Waste Management Plan for end of mining ......................................100 Figure 6.4: Sections of Waste Management Plan..................................................101 Figure A: Conceptual Mining Plan ........................................................................151

Rapid – EIA Study Executive Summary

M/s Netel (India) Ltd. 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION M/s Mysore Minerals Limited is a Government of Karnataka undertaking established in the year 1966 with main objective of systematic mining and planned development of mineral resources in the State. The main activities of the company are Exploration, Development of Mineral Resources, Exploitation and Marketing of Minerals and granites.

The existing production capacity at Chikkashellikeri Limestone Mine is only 0.12 million tonnes per annum. In view of great demand for Limestone ore and commitment made for long term agreement, management has decided to increase the production from 0.120 million tonnes per annum to 0.250 million tonnes per annum at Chikkashellikeri limestone mine. The following approvals have been obtained from concerned government departments

• Mining Lease granted : 26-04-1999

• Mining Plan approved by IBM : 10/04/2007

In order to evaluate the potential impacts that would arise due to increase of production from 0.120 million tonnes per annum to 0.250 million tonnes per annum at Chikkashellikeri Limestone Mines of MML, studies were carried out by M/s. Netel India Ltd. during December 2006 to February 2007 covering air, water, Noise, land, etc., as per the EIA guidelines laid by MoEF and various authorities. The findings of study carried out during winter season are presented in this report.

LOCATION Site Details

District & State Bagalkote District, Karnataka State Taluka Bagalkote Village Chikkashellikeri Mine Lease Area 64.35 Ha Type of the Area Patta Land Survey of India Toposheet No 47/P/12 Latitude 16°8’00”N to 16°09’11”N Longitude 75°31’11”E to 75°35’55”E

PROJECT DISCRIPTION

Geology

The mine area falls in Survey of India Topo Sheet No. 47/P/12. The lease area forms a part of Kaladgi basin sedimentary formation of “Precambrain Era”. The following geological stratigraphic sequence is identified for this region.



Geological Age Formation Lithology Recent Precambrain ---- Black cotton soil Precambrain Kaladgi Group Limestone Shale Unconformity ---- Archean Granitic Gneises ----

The following geological formations/ exposures are observed in the lease area.

1. Thinly bedded, Soil /Black Cotton Soil

2. Shale

3. Dolomitic Limestone

4. Gray Limestone

Black Cotton Soil

The area is mainly covered by back soil of varying thickness (1 m to 2 m). The contact between dolomite and high calcium limestone is well exposed. The general strike of the formation is N 750 W to 750E and dipping 450 to 500 south observed in the lease area.

Shale

The Shale is exposed in the Northern and Eastern end of the lease area. It exhibits marine and gray to purple colour, compact less laminated and slaty. These shale bands are exposed over a distance of 150 m to 120 m. with an average width of 80 m.

Dolomitic limestone

Prominent exposures of dolomitic limestone are observed to the Eastern side of the lease area under laying the thin layer of black cotton soil it is traversed by a number of silica veins these are striking almost parallel to the limestone deposit and dipping 450 to 600 South at different places. Dolomites are fine to medium grained and white to gray in color it is comparatively hard.

High Calcium Limestone (Grey Limestone)

The Limestone bands are well exposed in the eastern and western part of the lease area. These are intercalated with thin ribbon of shale and dolomite. Thin Veins of Calcite are noticed at one or two locations in the exposed bands. The High Calcium limestone presents a weathered surface as a smooth appearance with small potholes which is very characteristic.

Reserves

Based on the exploration carried out, exposed ore body and other available information, the geological reserves estimated by standard cross sectional method the details are given in following table



Geological Reserves Sr. No. Reserves Type Insitu Reserves Mineable

Reserve in Tonnes 1 Proved 2,57,48,650 2,18,86,360 2 Probable 1,29,78,600 1,10,31,810 3 Total 3,87,27,250 3,29,18,170

Topography and drainage In general the area is having flat topography. The general ground level varies from 521 to 548 meter above MSL. One seasonal nullah which flows in rainy season cuts the lease area in two halves from South East corner to North West corner. This nullah flows in North West direction. Based on observations made in the area, the water table in the area is around 60-75 m below the ground level

Details of Production The details of development & production proposed for 3 years i.e. 2006-09 is given below

Development and Production Proposals Sr. No. Years

Particulars 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

1 Development (tonnes) 4,341 5,346 5,598

2 Production (tonnes) 1,94,970 2,40,075 2,51,715

Equipment Details

The list of machinery to be deployed during the mining operation in the subject area is as follows

Requirement of Mining Machineries Sr. No. Equipment Capacity Numbers of Equipments

Existing Proposed Total 1 Dumpers 10 tonnes 2 4 6 2 Holman compressor 120 CFM 3 - 3

3 Drilling Machine WDH 100 mm - 2 2

4 Jack hammer (Ford Tractor Atloscapco) 33 mm 2 3 5

5 JCB 1 1 2 6 Water Pumps 1 1

7 Tractor trailer with hydraulic Tipping 3 tonnes 5 5

8 Explosive van 2 (Common for group of

mines) - 2

9 Wheel Loader 1.30 CMTR 3 - 3



PRESENT ENVIRONMENT SCENARIO

For the description of the baseline environmental setting, the mining project area

together with the mine lease area have been considered as the core zone, and the area

falling within 10 km from the core zone has been considered as the buffer zone. Core

and buffer zones, taken together, form the study area. Baseline data generation was

performed for a period of 3 months, from December 2006 to February 2007 (winter).

Climate

The study area is part of tropical climate with hot summer, moderately cool winter

and moderate monsoon during June to August. The rains are scanty and average

rainfall of the area is around 560 mm. Hourly micrometeorological data was recorded

at Bagalkote town 25 km from project site for period of 3 months comprising one

Winter season from December 2006 to February 2007.The micrometeorological data

is given in below.

Summary of Micro-Metrological Data

Particulars Maximum Minimum Average Temperature (°C) 35.2 10.2 21.9 Relative humidity 81 15 45 Wind speed (km/hr) 4.28 3.38 3.85 Predominant wind direction From East (Calm Wind :- 10.75%)

Ambient air quality

Total six Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (1 in core zone and 5 in buffer zone) were identified and monitored as per the norms. The summary of pollutants results is as follows.

Results of Ambient Air Quality

Observed values range 24 hourly average (μg/m3)

Standard laid down by CPCB 24 hourly average (μg/m3)

Pollutants Core zone Buffer zone For

Residential For Industrial

SPM 128.2-225.3 80.6-184.2 200 500

RPM 48.1-95.6 16.6-68.6 100 150

SO2 4.5-12.4 4-11.4 80 120

NOX 9.9-21 9-21.7 80 120

Noise Environment Noise levels were monitored at six locations. One station representing core zone

activities and the remaining five stations representing buffer zone villages. The main sources of noise will be due to movement of heavy earthmoving machinery, blasting,



crushing of Limestone, movement of trucks engaged for transportation of Limestone as well as ore zone waste. The results are shown in the following table.

Summary of the Noise Level

Noise level dB (A) Zone Location Station

Code Day Night Activity

Core Mining area N1 64.6 44.0 Source mining activity

Hire shellikeri N2 54.2 44.1 On Hire Chikkashellikere – Kaladgi Road

N3 54.0 43.6

Chikkashellikeri N4 52.8 43.2 Nir Buddihal N5 54.8 43.7

Buffer

Yandigeri N6 54.5 43.9

General, public and limestone

transport

Water environment Ghataprabha is the main river in study area. Water resources available in the area are only rain water. The mining area forms a part of the drainage system of the Ghataprabha river is situated towards Northern side of the mine. One major nullah which flows during heavy rains cuts the lease area into two halves from South East corner to the North Western corner of the lease area and flows in the North Western direction. The ground water is the main source of potable water in the study area.

Quality of water

Water samples from 5 ground water sources and two surface water sources were

characterized. The quality of ground water in the study area varies widely. However,

characteristics of ground water samples from locations are in conformity with the

permissible limits for drinking water.

The analytical report of the water samples are found to be within the tolerance limits

for water specified as per IS: 10500 standards. Hence the water quality in the

surrounding area is good.

Landuse pattern and soil quality

The land is almost plain and cultivated. The major portion of the lease area is brought under cultivation. The details of existing and proposed land use pattern of mining lease area is given below.



Land use pattern in Core Zone

Sr. No. Particulars Present

Occupation Proposed for Total

area in ha.

2006-

09 5th

year 10th year

15th Year

End of

Mine Life

1 Mining 10.25 1.60 2.00 2.00 2.00 12.15 30.00 2 Road 1.80 0.30 0.20 0.20 - 0.50 3.00 3 Dump Yard 1.90 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 4.00 7.50 4 Stock Yards 0.45 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.40 1.75 4.00 5 Afforestation 0.65 2.00 0.60 0.60 0.60 4.4 8.85 6 Structures/Colony 0.50 - 1.00 - - 0.5 2.00 7 Crushers 2.5 - 0.50 - - - 3.00 8 Area unutilised 48.80 - - - - - 6.00 9 Total 64.35 7.4 5.1 3.6 3.4 23.3 64.35

Land use pattern in Buffer Zone

Sr. No. Land Use Area in ha. % 1 Forest land 2406.46 7.66

2 Irrigated land 5233.90 16.66

3 Un-irrigated land 16999.20 54.11

4 Cultivable waste land 1212.66 3.86

5 Not available for cultivation 2629.52 8.37

6 Infrastructures (road, residence) 2934.26 6.34

7 Total 31416.00 100

The soil pH was observed in the range of 7.3-7.8. The soils are rich in nutrients like

potash, phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter. The soil appeared light brown to Black in colour and all soil samples have slit loam structures.

Ecology

Density of trees is very less on mining lease area. Major activities within 5kms radius of the buffer zone are mining and dry agriculture activities only during rainy season. However, under the green belt development and plantation programme, approximately 8 hectares of ML has been brought under plantation. No wild life of any sort is found within the lease hold area. The fauna found in the area are of common variety and no endangered or threatened species are reported in the study area.

Socio-economic condition

The mine is already under operation. There is no habitation within the project area.

Hence, no rehabilitation will be required. In the study area, there are all inhabited

revenue villages. Out of the 25 vilages, 16 fall within Bagalkot Tehsil and 9 under



Badami Tehsil. The total population in these 25 villages is 49,998.The distribution of

population is as under

Population SC ST Male Female Total Male Female Male Female

24,999 24,999 49,998 2,864 3,003 2,549 2,546

44.58% of total population is literate. Out of these 63.83% are male literate and only

36.17% are female literate. The composition of SC and ST in the study area is 11.7%

and 10.2% respectively. 22% of the total populations are total main other workers,

23% of total main cultivators, 23% of total main agriculture laboures, 3% of

household industries workers and Marginal workers are 29%.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Air quality

The mining operation being open-cast, the dust generation due to excavation of land, movement of machinery on unpaved surfaces, blasting & handling of rejects, sub-grade ore & products is common. The impacts on air are mainly due to generation of dust during loading, unloading and transportation of Limestone and some emissions from the transporting trucks. The air pollutants are SPM/SO2/NOx emissions from the activity. The overall scenario after increase in production is given below.

Overall Scenario

Station Predicted max. GLC Direction

Worst background

concentration

Total Concentration Standards

μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 Core Zone (100 m) 17.204 W 168.2 185.404 500

Buffer Zone (500 m) 9.779 W 160.95 170.729 200

Buffer Zone (1000 m) 6.898 W 153.7 160.598 200

Water resources No change in drainage pattern will take place due to mining. Ghataprabha river is situated towards Northern side of the mine. One major nullah which flows during rainy season only. Since it is open cast mining the quarry pit will receive

accumulation of rain water as direct precipitation. The water table in the area rest at

60 m below the ground level. Therefore the water table will not be cut and no loss of

ground water. Therefore, no adverse impact on ground water regime is expected.

Water quality

There is no discharge of effluent from the mine. Sewage generated from labour

colony and office will be very less and this will be treated in septic tank. Treated

sewage will be discharged in soak pit. Ground water level at the site and its

surrounding area is 60 m below the ground level. The likely chances of the



contaminants reaching the ground water are very rare. Hence, no deterioration of

ground water or surface water is anticipated.

Land degradation It is envisaged that about 30 ha area will be disturbed by mining activity during entire life. Flora and Fauna

The core zone is agricultural land. The land acquired will need due compensation to

owners as mitigation measure. The impact on flora and vegetation will be mitigated

through a detailed afforestation plan. The fauna found in the area are of common variety and no endangered or threatened species are reported in the study area.

Noise level, traffic The application of drilling, blasting, haulage/transportation, crushing is expected to

raise noise level in ML area. The observed noise level will be well within the

prescribed limits for surrounding population due to control measures proposed in

management plan.

The 0.250 million tonnes per annum limestone production per year will contribute to

the traffic density by adding about (84 loaded and 84 empty). 168 trucks, which is a

marginal increase and will warrant control measures as spelt out in management plan.

Socio-economic conditions The project will provide more direct and indirect job opportunities and better

economic standard to the project affected people and others, through improved

infrastructural, community facilities, etc.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. In order to mitigate the environmental impact due to mining and its allied activities, a

comprehensive environmental management plan (EMP) has been formulated. The

management has already initiated the following steps to contain pollution and the

same shall be continued vigorously in future also. All likely parameters that will be

affected by mining have been addressed and these are briefly mentioned in the

following paragraphs.

Land degradation control measures

The mining and associated operations will disturb about 30 ha. of area which is about

46.62% of the lease hold area at the end of life of mine. It is proposed to convert most

of the land as water ponds and remaining land for plantation out of the void left after

the completion of excavation, since it is not possible to back-fill the area. This top soil will be utilized for agriculture purposes, by adjacent pattaland owners and remaining soil will be stacked in stock yard. Waste generation during course of mine will 2.36 million tonnes. Overburden will be stacked in dump yard located away from the workings. Waste dump will be protected by way of construction of retention wall all along the toe of the dump to prevent wash offs during rainy seasons.



Air pollution control measures

• Dust extraction systems to be used in drill machines; and

• Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes and drills with water flushing systems (wet drilling) to reduce dust generation.

• Dense plantation of specific more efficient dust collector species

• OB waste dumps, if any, shall be sprayed with water, as they are the major source of air borne particulate matter/dust.

• Trucks will be covered with tarpaulin and over filling of tippers will be strictly avoided

• Maintenance of haulage road on regular basis

• Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of Limestone and waste by water sprinklers;

• Water sprinkling system to be provided to check any fugitive emissions from the crushing operation.

• Installation of a dust collector at crusher

Control measures for water pollution

• To prevent surface water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers shall be used for storage and transportation of oil/grease.

• During dewatering operations, the water pumped out will be used for fulfilling the needs of mine and plant related activities

• During excavation and drilling activities effort must be taken to avoid face collapse at these cracks and fissures.

• Construction of retaining wall to avoid sliding of loose material from dumps

Noise Control Measures

• Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emissions like improved silencers, mufflers and closed noise generating parts;

• Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in soundproof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas;

• Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery;

• Blasting operations to be carried out only during daytime so as to avoid high noise intensity in night time;



• Thick green belt should be provided at the mine periphery, within the mine lease area along the roads and all around the working areas, to screen the noise

Ground Vibration

• Use of milli-second detonators,

• Good blasting design,

• Lesser quantity of charge per delay,

• Less frequency of blasting.

Measures to improve socio economic condition

People affected by the project will be paid due to compensation. Land a effected

person of the area will be provided with direct or indirect employment.

Communication, education facilities, health facilities and recreational facilities will be

improved due to mining activity.

Environmental matrix The modified Leopold matrix was applied to evaluate the impact before adopting

control measures and after adopting control measures. It is observed that the total score which was originally –453.3 (without mitigative measures) has improved to –138.406(with mitigative measures). The negative score of 453.3 at pre-mitigative stage indicates significant adverse and reversible impacts that can be managed by adopting appropriate pollution control measures (-138.406).

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND MONITORING ORGANIZATION

An appropriate team has been proposed to take care of pollution monitoring aspects

and implementation of control measures. A schedule has been spelt out for periodical

monitoring. The capital investment on environmental improvement works is

envisaged as Rs. 41.55 Lakhs and recurring expenditure is Rs. 8.31 Lakhs per year.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Entry of unauthorised persons shall be prohibited;

• Fire fighting and first aid provisions in the mines office complex and mining Area;

• Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boots, helmets, goggles etc. would be made available to the employees and regular check to ensure the use;

• Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in the hazardous premises;

• Working of mine as per approved plan, related amendments and other regulatory provisions;



• Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be carried out by competent persons only;

• Provision of magazine at safe place with fencing and necessary security arrangement;

• Awareness of safety and disaster through competitions, posters and other similar drives;

CONCLUSION Based on the EIA study it is observed that there will be a marginal increase in the dust pollution, which will be controlled by sprinkling of water and transportation of ore in closed trucks.

There will be insignificant impact on ambient environment and ecology due to the mining activities. On the other hand mining operation will lead to direct and indirect employment generation in the area.

Hence, it can be summarized that the development of Chikkashellikeri limestone Mines of M/s Mysore Minerals Limited at Chikkashellikeri village, will have a positive impact on the socio-economic of the area and lead to sustainable development of the region.

Rapid – EIA Study Introduction


CHAPTER 1

1.1 PREAMBLE

M/s Mysore Minerals Limited is a Government of Karnataka undertaking established in the year 1966 with main objective of systematic mining and planned development of mineral resources in the State. The main activities of the company are Exploration, Development of Mineral Resources, Extraction and Marketing of Minerals and granite.

Government of Karnataka has been granted mining lease over an area of 64.35 ha. Under ML No 1593 at Chikkashellikeri Village, Bagalkote Taluk, Bagalkote District, Karnataka State for a period of 20 years with effect from 26-04-1999 which expired on 25.04.2019. The copy of notification is enclosed as Annexure I

The Chikkashellikeri limestone mining lease is not attract forest clearance as the entire area is patta land. The existing production is only 0.120 million tonnes per annum with open cast mining method. In views of great demand for limestone minerals, commitments are made for long term supply to local industries and decided to increase the production from 0.120 million tonnes per annum to 0.250 million tonnes per annum. The mining plan required under rule 10(2) of MCDR 1988 has been got approved by IBM GOI vide letter No. MSH/MAN - 86 (KNT)/GOA/2003-04 Vol. I dated 10/04/2007 for a period of 5 years and its copy is enclosed as Annexure II

1.2 NEED FOR PROJECT

The site is situated in the backward area of the state. This project would increase the capita income, life style, local employment, socio-economic aspects, revenue generations to the government as well as company and industrial development in the state.

1.3 NEED FOR REIA/EMP

In order to increase the production from 0.120 million tonnes per annum to 0.250 million tonnes per annum the size of mining activities needs to be modernized, required additional infrastructure etc. As per EIA notification dated 14 Sept. 2006, increase in the production or modernization required environmental clearance under EPA 1986. Therefore this proposal Category A 1(a), (> 50 ha of mining lease area) of the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14 Sept. 2006

The purpose of this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to provide information on the surroundings and the extent of environmental



impacts likely to arise on account of the increase in mining activity, and also to define an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to minimise and mitigate the likely adverse environmental impacts.

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY

The objective of the EIA study is:

• Environmental monitoring so as to establish the baseline environmental status of the study area.

• Collection of available secondary data from concerned department. • Identify various existing pollution loads due to industrial and domestic

activities. • Prediction of impacts on environmental attributes. • Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in

the study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Methodologies.

• Preparation an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for improving the environmental quality.

1.4 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

Keeping in view the nature of activities, area of mines and various environmental guidelines, an area covering a radial aerial distance of 10 km from the centre of the mining area was selected as study area for the purpose of EIA study. To establish baseline status of air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-economic environment in the study area, extensive field studies were undertaken. The various steps involved in the study for a particular project are divided into three following phases.

• Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the status within the study area

• Prediction of Impacts envisaged due to proposed scheme on various environmental parameters

• Evaluation of impacts after superimposing the predicted scenario over the baseline scenario to preparation of Environmental Management Plan

The approach to data collection is outlined in Table 1.1

Impact of various project activities on the baseline environmental quality was predicted to identify areas of concern.

Measures for mitigation of adverse impacts were identified and Environmental Management Plan incorporating these measures was developed.



Table 1.1: Survey of Environmental Attributes

Sr. No.

Attribute Parameters No. of Locations, Frequency of Monitoring, etc.

1 Ambient air quality

SPM, RPM, SO2, NOx and CO

Locations: 6 nos. SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOx - One 24 hourly sample CO - Three 8 hourly samples, Twice a week

2 Meteorology Wind speed and direction, temperature relative humidity and rainfall.

Primary data: at Bagalkote town. Secondary data collection from IMD.

3 Water quality Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological parameters.

Primary data – Sampling at 2 locations for surface and at 5 locations for ground water quality.

4 Ecology Existing terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna.

Based on the data collected from secondary sources.

6 Noise levels Noise levels in dB(A) Continuous 24-hourly monitoring at 6 locations during the study period

7 Land use Land use for different categories.

Based on data published in Primary Census abstract 2001 and satellite imagery

8 Socio-economic aspects

Socio-economic characteristics of local population

Based on data collected from secondary sources.

9 Geology Geology of the area Based on data collected from secondary sources.

10 Hydrology Drainage pattern, nature of streams, aquifer characteristics recharge and discharge areas.

Based on data collected from secondary sources.

1.5 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report contains baseline data, assessment of likely impacts, preparation of environmental management plan & the disaster management plan. The report is organised in following six chapters:

Chapter 1 Introduction

This chapter describes objectives and methodology for EIA.

Chapter2 Project Description

This chapter gives a brief description of the location, approachability, and details of mining activities, equipments and machinery.

Chapter 3 Baseline Environmental Status of Project Area

This chapter presents details of the baseline environmental status of all environmental attributes i.e. micro climate condition, air quality, noise, traffic, water quality, soil quality, flora, fauna and socio-economic status etc.



Chapter 4 Impact Identification

This chapter discusses the potential impacts of the proposed mining and allied activities, which could cause significant environmental concerns, are identified and discussed. This discussion will form the basis for environmental management activities.

Chapter 5 Impacts Evaluation

This chapter discusses environmental impacts due to the proposed limestone mining activities have been quantified under two scenarios (1) without environmental management plan , and (2) with the environmental management plan using modified Leopold Impact Matrix to establish cause-effect relationship.

Chapter 6 Environment Management Plan

This chapter deals with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the proposed expansion of mining activities, indicates measures proposed to minimize the likely impacts on the environment. It also describes the proposed environmental monitoring programme.

Chapter 7 Disasters Management Plan

This chapter deals with the Disasters Management Plan (DMP) for the proposed expansion of mining activities, indicates measures proposed to minimize the manmade and natural disasters.

Rapid – EIA Study Project Description


CHAPTER 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the salient features of the project viz. location, process and details of operation, infrastructure and environmental resource requirement.

2.2 PROJECT LOCATION

“Chikkashellikere Limestone Mine” of M/s Mysore Minerals Limited over an area of 64.35 ha under M.L. No. 2494 is located at Chikkashellikeri Village in Bagalkote Taluka, Bagalkote District, Karnataka.

Table 2.1: Site Details District & State Bagalkote District, Karnataka Taluka Bagalkote Village Chikkashellikeri village Mine Lease Area 64.35 ha Type of the Area Patta Land Survey of India Toposheet No 47 P/12 Latitude 16°8’00”N to 16°09’11”N Longitude 75°31’11”E to 75°35’55”E

2.3 ACCESSIBILITY

Chikkashellikeri Limestone Mines is situated at 25 km south west of Bagalkot town in Bagalkot Taluk of Bagalkot District in Karnataka State.

The mining lease area is accessible by Kerkalmatti - Kaladgi road. The nearest railway station is at Bagalkot, about 25 km away from the mine area. The nearest airport is at Belgaum, about 120 km away from mining lease area. The nearest state highway is about 5 km away from site. The general ground level varies from 521 to 548 meter above MSL.

The location map indicating the project site and Layout Plan/Surface Plan of mine area are depicted in Figure 2.1 and 2.2 respectively

The photographs of mines and its surroundings is given in Annexure III



Figure 2.1: Location Map

Karnataka Map

District Map

PROJECT SITE



Figure 2.2: Mine Layout Plan/Surface Plan

548

545

542

539SEASONAL NULLAH

535.920

AGL

AGL

HOUSE TO VILLAGE

TO VILLAGE

BORE HOLE

OFFICESTORE

542

545

548

545

542

BORE HOLE

AGL

AGL

528.888

541.128

533.078

PIT NO. 3

540.630539

542.128

B. M.0

PIT NO. 2

533.640

543.

450

PIT NO. 1

526.298

539.288

AGL

533.000

537.338

CONTOUR PLAN

ROADS

DUMPS

M. L. BOUNDARY

LEGEND

CONCEPTIUAL PIT PLAN

NULLAH

AGRICULTURE LANDS

ELECTRICITY LINE

RETENTION WALL

AGL

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title: Surface PlanPlate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.

S. V. Road., ManpadaThane (W) - 400 607

Scale:0 20 40 60 80 100m

PROPOSED DUMPS

N

MSY

MSYTSPY

MRY

AFFORESTATION

PDY



2.4 APPROVALS ACCORDED Chikkashellikeri Limestone mines does not fall in designated forestland therefore, forest clearance is not a part of the approval.

The other approvals accorded to Mysore Minerals Ltd. include the following:

• Grant of Mining Lease vide letter no. DMG/MLS/14AML 98/RML – 1593/813 dated 21-04-2004 with effect from 26.04.1999

• Approval of mining scheme by Indian Bureau of Mines, Goa vide Letter No.MSH/MAN-86(KNT)/GOA/2003-2004 Vol. I dated 10/04/2007

2.5 PROJECT COST

The total cost of the project which includes development cost, Production cost, Crushing Plant and equipments and all other infrastructure facilities of the present and proposed expansion works out to be Rs. 70 lakh and 150 lakh respectively.

2.6 PHYSIOGRAPHY

The mining lease area lies between longitude 750-31’-11” to 750-35’-55” and 160-08’-00” to 160-09’-11 covered under survey of India toposheet no. 47/P/12. The area is generally devoid of vegetation. The land is almost plain and cultivated. The general contour height observed in the lease area ranges from 521 to 548 m above MSL. One seasonal nullah which flows in rainy season cuts the lease area in two halves from South East corner to North West corner. This nullah flows in North West direction. The average rainfall in the area is around 400 to 500 mm annually. The maximum temperature attained in the area is around 380 to 400 during summer.

2.7 GEOLOGY AND RSERVES

The mine area falls in Survey of India Topo Sheet No. 47/P/12. The lease area forms a part of Kaladgi basin sedimentary formation of “Precambrain Era”. The following geological stratigraphic sequence is identified for this region.

Geological Age Formation Lithology Recent Precambrain ---- Black cotton soil Precambrain Kaladgi Group Limestone Shale Unconformity ---- Archean Granitic Gneises ----

The following geological formations/ exposures are observed in the lease area.

1 Thinly bedded, Soil /Black Cotton Soil

2 Shale



3 Dolomitic Limestone

4 Gray Limestone

2.7.1 Black Cotton Soil The area is mainly covered by back soil of varying thickness (1 m to 2 m). The

contact between dolomite and high calcium limestone is well exposed. The general strike of the formation is N 750 W to 750E and dipping 450 to 500 south observed in the lease area.

2.7.2 Shale The Shale are exposed in the Northern and Eastern end of the lease area. It exhibits marine and gray to purple colour, compact less laminated and slaty. These shale bands are exposed over a distance of 150 m to 120 m. with an average width of 80 m.

2.7.3 Dolomitic limestone Prominent exposures of dolomitic limestone are observed to the Eastern side of the lease area under laying the thin layer of black cotton soil it is traversed by a number of silica veins these are striking almost parallel to the limestone deposit and dipping 450 to 600 South at different places. Dolomites are fine to medium grained and white to gray in color it is comparatively hard.

2.7.4 High Calcium Limestone (Grey Limestone) The Limestone bands are well exposed in the eastern and western part of the lease area. These are intercalated with thin ribbon of shale and dolomite. Thin Veins of Calcite are noticed at one or two locations in the exposed bands. The High Calcium limestone presents a weathered surface as a smooth appearance with small potholes which is very characteristic.

2.7.5 Reserves Based on the exploration carried out, exposed ore body and other available information, the geological reserves estimated by standard cross sectional method the details are given in Table 2.2

Table 2.2: Geological Reserves Sr. No. Reserves Type Insitu Reserves Mineable Reserve in Tones

1 Proved 2,57,48,650 2,18,86,360 2 Probable 1,29,78,600 1,10,31,810 3 Total 3,87,27,250 3,29,18,170

The geological map of mining site is given in Figure 2.3



Figure 2.3: Geological Map of Mining Area

548

545

542

539SEASONAL NULLAH

535.920

AGL

AGL

HOUSE TO VILLAGE

TO VILLAGE

BORE HOLE

OFFICESTORE

542

545

548

545

542

BORE HOLE

AGL

AGL

D. H. 6

D. H. 2

528.888

D. H. 1

541.128

533.078

PIT NO. 3

540.630539

542.128

B. M.0

PIT NO. 2

533.64054

3.45

0

PIT NO. 1

526.298

539.288

AGL

533.000

537.338

CONTOUR PLAN

ROADS

M. L. BOUNDARY

LEGEND


HIGH CALCIUM LIMESTONE

DOLOMITE LIMETONE

NULLAH

AGRICULTURE LANDS

SHALE

AGL

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title: Geological PlanPlate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.


0 20 40 60 80 100m

Scale:

N



2.7.6 Mineralogy The principal carbonate rocks used by industries are limestone and dolomite. Limestone and dolomite are sedimentary or metamorphic rocks composed mostly of the mineral calcite (CaCO3), which has the same chemical composition as calcite but with a different crystal structure, is economically important only in modern deposits, such as oyster shells and oolites. Aragonite is metastable and alters to calcite in time. Some other carbonate minerals, notably siderite (FeCO3), ankerite (Ca2MgFe(CO3)4), and magnesite (MgCO3), are commonly found associated with limestones and dolomite.

The average chemical specification of Limestone produced in this mining area is as follows

Sr. No. Radicals Percentage 1 CaO +40 to +48% 2 MgO 3 to 6% 3 SiO2 3.5 to 6 % 4 R2O3 0.45 to 3 %

2.8 MINING

The lease area is an operative mine with manual open cast mining method for the production of 0.120 million tonnes per annum. Now it is proposed to carry out mining work by semi mechanized open cast mining method with capacity of 0.250 million tonnes per annum production. The work will start from highest level of 448 m RL at East side and extended towards West & NW side. The salient features of the proposed mining lease area at Chikkashellikeri are as given in the Table 2.3

Table 2.3: Salient features of the Mine

Sr. No. Particulars Existing Details Proposed Details

1 Method of Mining Manually open cast mining Open cast mining with mechanization

2 Mining leased area 64.35 ha. 64.35 ha. 3 Geological reserves 38.72 million tonnes 38.72 million tonnes

4 Mineable reserves(based on proved reserves only)

32.92 million tonnes 32.92 million tonnes

5 Pit slope angle 60◦ to the horizontal 60◦ to the horizontal 6 Annual Limestone

Production 0.12 million tonnes per annum 0.250 million tonnes per annum 7 Life of the Mine 323 Years 155 Years 8 Bench height 3 m 5 m 9 Bench Width 5 m 10 m

10 Average Quality of Limestone CaO +40 to +48% CaO +40 to +48%

MgO 3 to 6% MgO 3 to 6%



SiO2 3.5 to 6 % SiO2 3.5 to 6 % Al 2O3 0.45 to 3 % Al 2O3 0.45 to 3 %

11 Land lease period - 20 years (Valid up to 2019) 12 Water Requirement 27 m3/day 67 m3/day 13 Working hours One shifts 8 hour One shifts 8 hour 14 No. of employees 49 92

2.9 MINE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION

A tentative ultimate pit has been conceptualized based on the geological investigation done so far within the lease area. Once detailed investigations in the probable and possible reserves areas are completed the ultimate pit limit within the lease area will need to be modified. The mining lease is valid up to 2019. The mining scheme has been approved up to 2008 - 2009. Due to increase in demand of Limestone ore the remaining period of 3 years i.e. from 2006-2007 to 2008 -2009 the proposal has been revised. The benches will be formed at 5 m height and 10 m width with the slope angle of 60° to the horizontal. The details of development and production proposed for remaining 3 years i.e. 2006-07 to 2008 – 09 is given below.

Table 2.4: Development and Production Proposals

Sr. No.

Years Particulars 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Development (tonnes) 4,341 5,346 5,598 2 Production (tonnes) 1,94,970 2,40,075 2,51,715

2.9.1 Stacking of Mineral rejects and Disposal of Waste During the course of mining apart from the mineral other waste like

overburden and ore zone waste will be generated. The overburden chiefly consists of shale bands, dolomitic limestone and ore zone waste. The generation of waste will be 2.36 million tonnes during life of mine. The overburden will be transported to the dump yard located away from the workings. This site is considered to be barren as per the field investigation carried out in the area. The area selected for dump yard is around 7.50 ha is sufficient to accommodate the waste generated during the course of life of mine. The height of the dumps will be maintained average 20 m. from the ground surface taking necessary measures to maintain the dump slope at an angle of 28° natural slope from the horizontal for proper stability, keeping a road width of 5 m with 1 to 16 gradient. This waste dump will be protected by way of construction of retention wall all along the toe of the dump to prevent wash offs during rainy seasons.



2.10 BLASTING

2.10.1 Burden, Spacing, Depth and Sub Grade Drilling The mining method chosen is conventional drilling and blasting followed by

loading. Based on the nature of the Limestone deposit, the blast hole parameters proposed are as follows:

Details Existing Proposed Bench height 3 m 5 m Burden 0.75 0.75 Spacing 1.20 m 1.20 m Depth of hole 3.30 m 5.50 m Sub grade/secondary drilling 0.30 m 0.30 m Angle of hole 10°- 15° to vertical 10°- 15° to vertical Primer charge for hole 2/3 of the hole depth 2/3 of the hole depth Maximum no. of holes blasted at a time 8 holes in a day 17 holes in a day

2.10.2 Explosives The types of explosives used are as under

• Nitro-glycerine based (NG) gelatinous explosives. Major usage of this class will be as boosters;

• Ammonium Nitrate fuel Oil (ANFO) mixture. ANFO will be the chief column charge during the dry season ; and

• Slurry explosives (AN based), viz., Powergel, Acquadyne, Superdyne, etc during monsoon season mainly.

• Ordinary detonators/Electrical Detonators

• Safety Fuse

2.10.3 Secondary Blasting Secondary blasting is not required as the purpose will be fulfilled during primary blasting itself.

2.10.4 Explosive Requirement and Storage Average daily requirement of explosive requirement is envisaged as 125 kg/day as per given break-up:

Sr. No. Particulars Explosive Requirements in kg/day 1 Present 42 2 Proposed 83 3 Total 125



Blasting accessories required are:

Sr. No. Particulars Present Proposed Total 1 Safety Fuse(m/day) 26.4 49.5 75.9 2 Denoters (No./day) 8 9 17

Presently the required explosive are brought from the B type Magazine of Neralakere Dolomite mines Situated 25 kms from the lease area which is safe and secured storage of explosives, having a capacity of 100 kg of gelatin 2500 m of safety fuse and 500 numbers of denoters.

2.10.5 Extent of Mechanism The mine is already producing 0.12 million tonnes per annum of ore. For increasing the production from 0.12 million tonnes per annum to 0.25 million tonnes per annum, additional machinery has to be deployed. The machineries proposed to produce 0.25 million tonnes per annum of limestone and 0.00555 tonnes per annum of ore zone waste per annum is given in Table 2.5

Table 2.5: Requirement of Mining Machineries Sr. No. Equipment Capacity Numbers of Equipments

Existing Proposed Total 1 Dumpers 10 tonnes 2 4 6 2 Holman compressor 120 CFM 3 - 3

3 Drilling Machine WDH 100 mm - 2 2

4 Jack hammer (Ford Tractor Atloscapco) 33 mm 2 3 5

5 JCB 1 1 2 6 Water Pumps 1 1

7 Tractor trailer with hydraulic Tipping 3 tonnes 5 5

8 Explosive van

2 (Common for group of mines)

- 2

9 Wheel Loader 1.30 CMTR 3 - 3

2.11 MINERAL BENIFICATION

No mineral benification carried out in the mine. Only the ore removed from the mine will be transported to the respective stock yards / destination. There are two crushers installed in the area for crushing of minerals as per buyers specification. The capacity of the crushers are 60 tonnes per shift.

2.11.1 Mineral Processing It is proposed to set up a crushing unit of 100 tonnes per hour capacity within lease area on the northern side. Raw material of upto 200 mm will be stacked in the raw material yard near the crushers and the same will be feed through hopper to the crusher. The crushers will crush the material to different sizes and pass on to the screening plant where double deck screen with different



size meshes of 0 to 10 mm, 10 to 40 mm and 40 to 80 mm through conveyor belts which are moveable. The materials collected will be loaded to the tippers and transported to the stack yard for stacking. A schematic diagram of the tentative flow sheet of crusher is given below as Figure 2.4:

Figure 2.4: Schematic Diagram of the Tentative Flow Sheet of Crusher

2.12 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE REQUIREMENT

2.12.1 Water Total water requirement has been estimated as 67 m3/day. Water will be drawn from bore wells. Details of water requirement are presented in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: Water Requirement for the Mining Operations Quantity, m3/day Sr.

No. Purpose

Present Proposed Total Source

1. Dust suppression, sprinkling 11 25 36 Bore well/Tanker

2. Domestic purpose 9 3 12 Bore well 3. Afforestation 7 12 19 Bore well

Total 27 40 67

200 mm Raw Limestone

Hopper

Two StageRoller

Feeder

Double DeckScreen

Belt Conveyor



Water Balance Chart

Source

Consumption

Management

Final Discharge

2.12.2 Workforce

The workforce required for mining activity comprises of engineers, administrative, skilled and semi skilled type. At present 49 staff is working in mining and total of 92 staff would be engaged for the mining activity. Work is carried out in 8 hr shift with Thursday as non-working day. The details of manpower requirement is given in Table 2.7

Table 2.7: Manpower Requirement Sr. No. Manpower Present Proposed Total

1 Mine Manager 1 -- 1 2 Assistant Manager 1 -- 1 4 Cleark 3 -- 3 5 Mineforman 3 1 4 6 Mechanics 1 1 2 7 Supervisor 2 1 3 8 Mine Mate 2 1 3 9 Drivers/Operators 13 15 28

11 Peon 2 -- 2 12 Blaster 2 1 3 13 Workers 19 23 42

Total 49 43 92

Domestic 12 m3/day

Dust Suppression 36 m3/day

Green Belt Development 19 m3/day

Septic Tank & Soak Pit

Zero Effluent to Environment

Source of Water: Bore Well/Tanker

67 m3/day



2.10.3 Power Requirement The required quantity of power will be taken from Karnataka state electricity board.

2.10.4 First Aid Station A first aid station will be provided with all necessary medical kit. All engineers and supervisors will be trained in first-aid treatment to take care of any emergency. An Ambulance is also proposed for this purpose.

Rapid – EIA Study Baseline Environmental Status


CHAPTER - 3

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Baseline data generation forms a part of the Environmental Impact Assessment study, which helps to evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted environmental impact assessment methodologies. This also helps in preparing an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for improving the environmental quality and scope of future expansions for environmentally sustainable development. Baseline environmental study also helps to identify the critical environmental attributes, which are required to be monitored after the implementation of project. Baseline data on environment is important to understand region’s existing physical, biological, cultural and social environmental characteristics.

This chapter illustrates the descriptions of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The existing environmental setting is considered to be adjudge the baseline conditions which are described with respect to climate, hydro-geological aspects, atmospheric conditions, water quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, socio-economic profile, land use, etc.

The environmental monitoring for ambient air quality, water quality, soil quality, noise level, water quality, meteorology of the study area etc. was undertaken by Netel (India) Ltd. Thane. The present report incorporates the data generated for a period of three months, i.e. during the period of December 2006 to February 2007 and secondary data collected from various Government, Semi-Government and public sector organizations, as well as from other studies available on the subject.

3.2 STUDY AREA

An area of 10 km radius (aerial distance) from the mine site is marked as the impact zone of mining activity (as shown in Figure 3.1). As per the survey of India toposheet no. 47/P/12, the mining lease area lies between longitude 750-31’-11” to 750-35’-55” and 160-08’-00” to 160-09’-11”. The nearest township is at Bagalkot and has been provided with the facilities of modern township including post and telegraph, bank, hospital and school –colleges. The study area is entirely rural. The study area encompasses 25 villages like Yandigeri, Karadigudd, Ganganabudihal, Lingapur, Kaladgi, Tulasigeri, Kalasakopp, Chickka-Shellikeri, Hire-Shellikeri etc. The nearest human settlement from the



mining site is at village Hireshellikeri, which is located at 0.5 km away from the Mining lease site in east direction.

Figure 3.1: Study Area within 10 km Radius from Project Site

3.3 METEOROLOGY

Meteorological factors such as wind speed, direction variation in temperature, humidity etc. play a direct role in dispersion and dilution of pollutants atmospheric pressure, rainfall and cloud cover also govern this activity. Other factors such as terrain and local topography also take part in atmospheric dispersion. The study area is part of tropical climate with hot summer, moderately cool winter and moderate monsoon during June to August.

The meteorological data recorded during the monitoring period is extremely beneficial for precise interpretation of the baseline information as well as for input prediction models for air quality dispersion. Historical data on



meteorological regime of the region is also important. The year may broadly classified into four seasons such as:

Winter season : December to February

Pre-monsoon (Summer) season : March to May

Monsoon season : June to August

Post-monsoon season : September to November

The atmospheric temperature ranges from 10.2°C to 35.2°C. The relative humidity varies from 15 % to 81 % throughout the year with its maximum during winter months. The rain fall is maximum during July; August average rain fall is 560 mm per year.

3.3.1 Methodology

The methodology used for the monitoring of the metrological parameters as per the standards norms laid down by Bureau of Indian Standards (IS: 8829). Hourly average, maximum and minimum values of wind speed, direction, relative humidity and temperature were recorded continuously at the Bagalkote city. This station was in operation from December 2006 to February 2007. Also the historical data on meteorological parameters has been collected from nearest Indian Meteorological Department, Bagalkote, which is at a distance of 25 km from the mine site. The same data is used as they will have similar climatological conditions as that of project area.

3.3.2 Analysis of Meteorological Data recorded at the Project Site

Temperature

It was observed that the temperature ranged from 10.2 °C to 35.2 °C. The maximum temperature of 35.2 °C recorded in the month of February and minimum temperature of 10.2 °C was observed to be in the month of December .The monthly variations in the temperature are presented in Table 3.1. The yearly variation of temperature for the last 15 years is given in Annexure IV A and during study period is shown in Annexure IV D1-D3

Relative Humidity

During the monitoring period of three months, the relative humidity ranges from 15 % to 81 %. The maximum humidity (81%) was recorded in the month of December whereas minimum humidity i.e. 15 % was observed in the month of January. The monthly variations in the relative humidity are given in Table 3.1. The yearly variation of humidity for the last 15 years is given in Annexure IV B and during study period is shown in Annexure IV D1-D3



Table 3.1: Meteorological Data monitored at the Project Site Temperature (OC) Relative Humidity (%)

Month Max Min Avg. Max Min Avg.

December 32.8 10.2 21.2 81 26 48 January 33.2 11.4 21.4 74 15 47 February 35.2 12.5 23.2 71 16 40

Rain Fall

The annual and monthly variation of the rainfall recorded for the past 15 years is given in the Annexure IV- C

Wind Speed and Direction

Winds are light to moderate throughout the study period. The month-wise and season-wise pattern is discussed below. The monthly and seasonal wind roses are presented in Figure 3.2 to 3.5.

Wind pattern during December 06

A review of the wind pattern shows that predominant winds are mostly from East and followed by North and NNE as shown in Figure 3.2. Wind speed observed during the whole month of December was 0.94 m/s whereas calm winds are found to be 14.40%

Wind pattern during January 07

Wind pattern for the month of January shows that predominant winds are from East and NNE direction (Figure 3.3). Wind speed and calm winds observed to be 1.10 m/s and 10.35% respectively.

Wind pattern during February 07

Wind pattern for the month of February, shows that the predominant winds are mostly from East direction (Figure 3.4). Wind speed and calm winds observed to be 1.19m/s and 7.34% respectively.

Wind pattern during the Study Period (December 06 to February 07)

Predominant wind found to be from the direction of East as shown in Figure 3.5. Wind speed observed to be 1.07 m/s where as calm condition are found to be 10.75 %



Figure 3.2 : Windrose for the Month of December 2006



Figure 3.3 : Windrose for the Month of January 2007



Figure 3.4 : Windrose for the Month of February 2007



Figure 3.5 : Windrose for the Month of December 2006 to February 2007

3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The baseline studies on air environment include identification of specific air pollution parameters and their existing levels in ambient air. The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km radius around the proposed site forms the baseline information. The sources of air pollution in the region are mostly due to vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village road and domestic fuel burning. The prime objective of the baseline air quality study was to establish the exiting ambient air quality of the study area. These will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operation of proposed mine. This section describes the



identification of sampling locations, methodology adopted during the monitoring period and sampling frequency. The results of monitoring during the study period (December 2006 to February 2007) representing the winter season.

3.4.1 Methodology adopted and Selection of sampling locations

The baseline status of ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically design ambient air quality monitoring network and is based on the considerations such as:

• Meteorological conditions at the site, • Topography of the study area, • Representative of the regional background air quality for obtaining

baseline status, and • Representative of the likely impact area

The ambient air quality monitoring Stations (AAQM) were setup at six locations with due consideration to the above-mentioned points and as per the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Government of India (GoI) guidelines of AAQM. The location of the selected stations with reference to the proposed mine is given in Table 3.2. The locations of ambient air & noise quality monitoring and are shown in Figure 3.6.



Figure 3.6: Locations of Ambient Air & Noise Quality Monitoring Stations



Table 3.2: Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Location Code

Name of Stations

Distance w.r.t. site in km

Direction w.r.t. site

Remarks

A1 Core Zone 0.0 - To assess the air quality at the site which represents mining area

A2 HireChikkshellikeri 0.5 E To assess the air quality in upwind direction and represents rural conditions

A3 Tulasigeri village 6 NE To assess the air quality in upwind direction and represents rural conditions

A4 Chekkashellikeri 1 W To assess the air quality in downwind direction and represents rural conditions

A5 Yallammana Gudda 2.5 SW To assess the air quality in down wind direction and represents rural conditions

A6 West direction 3.5 W To assess the air quality in downwind direction

Frequency and parameters of the sampling

The frequency has been adopted for sampling are as follows:

• Ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out with a frequency of two days per week at six locations for three months during study period.

• The ambient air quality parameters along with their frequency of sampling are given in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3: Details of AAQM Parameters and Frequency of Sampling Parameters Sampling Frequency Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) 24 hour sample twice a week for three months Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM)

24 hour sample twice a week for three months

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) 8 hourly sample for 24 hours twice a week for three months

Nitrogen Dioxide (NOX) 8 hourly sample for 24 hours twice a week for three months

Carbon Monoxide (CO) 8 hourly sample for 24 hours twice a week for three months

3.4.2 Details of sampling locations • Core Zone (A1)

The locations have been selected to assess the air quality levels in the core zone area of the mining site. As the site is an open land, therefore no



residential buildings in the vicinity. The location was away from the village road and did not experience any frequent vehicular movement.

• Hirechikkashellikere (A2)

Residential area and agricultural fields surrounds the location. It is free from any obstruction. This location is representing buffer zone sampling location. Main occupation of this village peoples were agriculture and related business.

• Tulasigeri (A3)

This location is located in residential area of Tulasigiri village which is 6 km away from mining site in NE direction. This location is representing buffer zone sampling location. The village is very well connected due to Bagalkot-Belgaum highway.

• Chikkashellikeri Village (A4)

This location is located in residential area of Chikkshellikere village which is 1 km away from mining site in W. This location is representing buffer zone sampling location. Main occupation of this village peoples were agriculture and related business.

• Yellamman Gudda (A5)

The village is located in the SW direction and 2.5 km away from project site. Residential area and cultivated lands are surrounding the sampling location.

• West Direction – 3.5 km from mine site(A6)

This location is located at 3.5 km from mine site in west direction on barren land and free from any obstruction.

Micro meteorological monitoring instrument and sensors were also installed on the top of building in Bagalkot town.

Instrument used for the sampling

Respirable dust samplers (High Volume samplers) were used for the monitoring for Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) and gaseous pollutants such as SO2, and NOX. For the Carbon Monoxide (CO) gas monitoring Gas Chromatograph used for analysis in lab and rubber balloons used for onsite sample collection.

3.4.3 Sampling and Analytical Techniques

RSPM, SPM, SO2, NOX and CO

The blower through the filter paper sucks suspended particulate matter present in ambient air. A taping is provided on the suction side of the blower to provide suction for sampling air through a set of impingers. Samples of gases



are drawn at a flow rate of 1.l/m (LPM). SPM has been estimated by gravimetric method.

Modified West and Gaeke method (IS 5182 part II, 1969) has been adopted for the estimation of SO2 and Jacobs Hochheiser method (IS 5182 part V, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of NOX. Bladder and Aspirator method (IS: 5182 Part X) used for the estimation of Carbon monoxide (CO).Calibration charts have been prepared for gaseous pollutants. The calibration is carried out whenever new absorbing solutions are prepared.

The methods and test protocol used for the analysis of the ambient air quality monitoring are mentioned in Table 3.4.

Table 3.4: Methods used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Parameters Techniques Technical Protocol Suspended (SPM) & Respirable Particulate Matter (RSPM) Gravimetric Method IS-5182 (Part IV)

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Modified West and Gaeke IS-5182 (Part II) Nitrogen Oxide (NOX) Jacob & Hochheiser IS-5182 (Part VI) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Bladder and Aspirator IS: 5182 (Part X)

3.4.4 Results of AAQM

Details of the results of ambient air quality monitoring during the study period of three months i.e. from December 2006 to February 2007 are mentioned in Annexure V. Statistical analysis of all the AAQM stations have been computed and presented also in same Annexure. The summary of these results for each location is depicted in Table 3.5.



Table 3.5: Summary of the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Village (Location) Parameters SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM

(μg/m3) RSPM (μg/m3)

CO (ppm)

Minimum 4.5 9.9 128.2 48.1 0.5 Maximum 12.4 21.0 225.3 95.6 1.9 Average 8.3 15.8 168.2 72.4 1.0 Std. Deviation 1.6 2.7 27.21 12.7 0.3

Core Zone (A1)

98th percentile 12.0 20.5 217.9 94.9 1.8 Minimum 4.0 9.0 80.6 16.6 0.4 Maximum 8.2 14.1 146.6 50.0 1.2 Average 5.4 10.3 118.8 31.1 0.8 Std. Deviation 1.0 1.3 16.1 8.1 0.2

Hire Shellikeri Village Buffer Zone (A2)


Tulasigeri (Buffer Zone-A3)

98th percentile 10.0 19.0 159.6 52.3 1.2 Minimum 5.9 16 126.4 29.6 0.69 Maximum 9.7 19.8 184.2 54.6 1.8 Average 7.7 17.6 153.7 43.5 1.1 Std. Deviation 0.8 0.9 15.1 7.30 0.30

Chikkashelli keri Village (Buffer Zone-A4)

98th percentile 9.3 19.6 181.4 54.4 1.76 Minimum 4.7 9.3 129.9 28.5 0.58 Maximum 11 21.7 157.6 58.6 1.68 Average 7.6 15.1 139.9 37.2 1.0 Std. Deviation 1.52 3.12 6.11 6.43 0.24

Yellamman Gudda (A5)


West Direction – 3.5 km from mine site (Buffer Zone-A6) 98th percentile 8.96 16.18 141.4 39.81 1.49

Ambient air quality analysis results for the six monitoring locations which were selected to represent baseline conditions of the region are given below.

Core Zone - Mining Area (A1)

The location comes under Industrial zone. The concentration of SPM ranged from 128.2-225.3 while that of RSPM was in the range of 48.1-95.6 µg/m3, SO2 and NOX were in the range of 4.5-12.4 and 9.9-21 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.50-1.9 ppm.



Hire Shellikeri –(Buffer Zone) (A2)

The location comes under residential zone. The concentrations of SPM and RSPM at this location were in the range of 80.6-146.6 and 16.6-50.0 µg/m3 respectively. While the values of SO2 and NOX were observed in the range of 4.0-8.2 and 9.0-14.1 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.40-1.2 ppm.

Tulasigeri Village- (Buffer Zone) (A3)

The location comes in the residential zone. Here the SPM and RSPM concentrations were in the range of 89.2-160.6 and 26.4-54.2 µg/m3 respectively. The concentrations of SO2 and NOX were observed in the range of 4.7-10.2 and 9.2-19.4 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.5-1.3 ppm.

Chikkashellikeri Village- (Buffer Zone) (A4)

This location comes within the residential zone. The concentrations of SPM and RSPM at this location were in the range of 126.4-184.2 and 29.6-54.6 µg/m3 respectively. While the values of SO2 and NOX were observed in the range of 5.9-9.7 and 16.0-19.8 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.69-1.8 ppm.

Yellamman Gudda – (Buffer Zone) (A5)

This location comes within the residential zone. The concentrations of SPM and RSPM at this location were in the range of 129.9-157.6 and 28.5-58.6 µg/m3 respectively. While the values of SO2 and NOX were observed in the range of 4.7-11.0and 9.3-21.7 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.58-1.68 ppm.

West Direction (3.5 km from mine site) (Buffer Zone) (A6)

The concentrations of SPM and at this location were in the range of 98.9-142.2 µg/m3 while that of RSPM were in the range of 29.2-40.2 µg/m3. SO2 and NOX concentrations were in the range of 4.0-9.0 and 9.1-16.6 µg/m3 respectively. The CO values were observed in the range of 0.52-1.54 ppm.

The summary of the monitoring results including minimum, maximum and average levels along with the 98th percentile values are presented in Table 3.6. The results obtained were compared for 24 hrs average standards for residential areas prescribed by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The analysis results of all the locations carried out during the study period are presented in Annexure – V. The National Ambient Air Quality Standards are presented in Table 3.6.



Table 3.6: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

Concentration in Ambient Air (µg/m3 except indicated) Sr.

No.

Pollutant Time Weighted Average Industria

l Area

Residential, Rural and Other Areas

Sensitive Area

Annual Average * 80 60 15 1 Sulphur Dioxide

(SO2) 24 Hours** 120 80 30 Annual Average * 80 60 15

2 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 24 Hours** 120 80 30

Annual Average * 360 140 70 3

Suspended Particular Matter (SPM) 24 Hours** 500 200 100

Annual Average * 120 60 50 4

Respirable Particular Matter (RPM) 24 Hours** 150 100 75

8 Hourly Average* 5.0 mg/m3 2.0 mg/m3 1.0 mg/m3

5 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1 Hour Average** 10.0

mg/m3 4.0 mg/m3 2.0 mg/m3

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval ** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time it may exceed but not on two consecutive days The salient observations of the results and their compliance to the 24 hourly average NAAQ standards are as follows:

• The maximum concentration of SPM observed was 225.3 µg/m3 near core zone. At all the monitoring stations average concentrations of SPM and RSPM values are well below the given permissible limits. The peak RSPM value of 95.6 µg/m3 was also observed near core zone.

• The Sulphur Dioxide levels monitored at all the locations confirms to the standards of 80 µg/m3, with highest value of 12.4 µg/m3 observed Mining site Core Zone.

• The Oxides of Nitrogen levels monitored at all the locations also complies with the stipulated standards of 80 µg/m3.

• The Carbon Monoxide levels also complied with the stipulated standards of 2.0 mg/m3, The CO levels at all the locations were within the stipulated limit.

3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The noise levels measurements were carried out using precision noise level meter. The noise level survey was carried out at six locations, located within



the 10 km radius of the proposed project site. The major source of noise identified in the study area has been predominantly the vehicular movement, construction activities and the mining activities.

3.5.1 Selection of Locations for Monitoring Noise monitoring has been undertaken for the duration of 24 hrs at each location to cover up all the periods of the day to establish the baseline noise levels and assess the impact of the total noise generated by the operation of the proposed project. The environment setting of each noise monitoring location is given in Table 3.7 and depicted in Figure 3.6

Table 3.7: Details of Noise Monitoring Locations

Location Code

Monitoring Location

Distance from Site (km)

Direction w.r.t. Site Criteria

N1 Core Zone 0 -- Industrial N2 Hire shellikeri 0.5 E Residential

N3 On Hire Chikkashellikere – Kaladgi Road

2.5 NW Other

N4 Chikkashellikeri 1 W Residential N5 Nir Buddihal 3 S Residential N6 Yandigeri 4.5 SW Other

Instrument Used for Monitoring

Sound pressure level (SPL) measurements were automatically recorded with the help of an Integrated Sound Level Meter to give the equivalent noise level for every hour continuously for 24 hours in a day

3.5.2 Results The details of noise level monitoring results are given in the Annexure VI. Equivalent noise levels viz., Lday and Lnight, at the noise monitoring locations are provided in Table 3.8 while noise standards are given in Table 3.9.

Table 3.8: Noise Monitoring Results in the Study area

Day Time Night Time Location Leq dB(A) Limit dB(A) Leq dB(A) Limit dB(A) Core Zone 64.6 75 44.0 70 Hire Shellikeri 54.2 55 44.1 45 Tulasigeri 54.0 55 43.6 45 Chikkashellikeri 52.8 55 43.2 45 Nir Buddihal 54.8 55 43.7 45 Yandigeri 54.5 55 43.9 45

From the monitoring survey of noise levels it was observed that the day time noise levels were observed in the range of 52.8- 64.6 dB(A). The day time noise shows the values confirming to the standards. Due to Mining, drilling,



blasting and movement of vehicles like activities at the Project site the noise level was higher than other locations. The night time noise levels observed at all the 6 locations were found to be in the range of 43.2 – 44.1 dB(A), which are found to be within the night time standards prescribed for residential and industrial zone.

Table 3.9: Ambient Noise Quality Standards

Limits in dB(A) Leq* Category of Area/Zone

Day Time Night Time Industrial area 75 70 Commercial area 65 55 Residential area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40

Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are zones, which are declared as such by the competent authority.

Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the competent authority.

3.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Water quality of surface and ground water resources in core and buffer zone of the study area has been studied for assessing the water environment. Understanding of the water quality is essential in preparation of environmental impact assessment and to identify critical issues with a view to suggest appropriate mitigation measures for implementation.

The purpose of this study is to:

• Assess the water characteristics for critical parameters;

• Evaluate the impacts on agricultural productivity, habitat conditions, recreational resources and aesthetics in the vicinity; and

• Prediction of impact on water quality by this project and related activities.

The quality and quantity of ground water differ over area, as these depend on the physical and chemical parameters and also on topographical and hydro geological characteristics of the area.

3.6.1 Methodology Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were finalized based on:

• Drainage pattern;



• Likely areas, which can represent baseline conditions

Ground water samples were examined for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters in order to assess the effect of mining and other activities on surface and groundwater. The samples were collected and analyzed as per the procedures specified in ‘Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater’ published by American Public Health Association (APHA).

Samples for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples for bacteriological analysis were collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters have been analyzed for projecting the existing water quality status in the study area. Parameters like Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and pH were analyzed at the time of sample collection.

3.6.2 Ground Water Sampling Locations Ground Water samples were collected from 5 bore wells, which are commonly used for drinking purposes. These samples were taken as grab samples and were analyzed for various parameters and compared with the standards for drinking water as for IS: 10500. The water sampling locations are listed below in Table 3.10. The map showing water sampling locations in study area is depicted in Figure 3.7



Figure 3.7: Locations of Water Quality Monitoring Stations



Table 3.10: Details of Ground Water Sampling Locations

Sr.

No. Locations Description

1. GW – 1 Sample was collected from the Bore well at the Core Zone

2 GW – 2 Sample was collected from the Bore well at the Hire shellikeri village

3 GW – 3 Sample was collected from the Bore well at the Tulasigeri village

4 GW – 4 Sample was collected from the Bore well at the Chikkashellikeri village

5 GW – 5 Sample was collected from the Bore well at the Yandigeri Village

3.6.3 Results of Ground Water Samples

The results of the ground water samples collected at five different sites are given in Annexure VII. The results for the ground water samples collected with the study area and compared with standard limits as this well water is used for drinking purposes as well as other recreational purposes. The data presented in Annexure is the average of three samples, collected per month at each location.

As per IS 10500 standards the pH value are within the limits and varies from 7.2 to 7.3. Total dissolved solids were found between 118.2 to 490.4 mg/l and higher value of TDS in the sample collected at village as compared to other samples. Calcium and Magnesium are observed to be in the range of 11.81 to 96.71 mg/l and 12.98 to 74.06 mg/l respectively.

The Fluoride parameter analysis results were slightly more and it was revealed that the parameters like Phenolic Compounds, Mercury, Barium, Cadmium, Selenium, Salinity, Oil-Grease, Zinc, Nitrate, Chlorides, Copper, Iron values of the various locations are within the prescribed limits. Dissolved oxygen of this site samples were found between the ranges of 3.7 to 4 mg/l and it was good for utilization purpose. MPN values are found between the range of 2-9 No./ml in the collected samples.

3.6.4 Surface Water There is no perennial surface water resource near the lease area. It is drained through seasonal contour drains. One seasonal nullah which flows in rainy season cuts the lease area in two halves from South East corner to North West corner. This nullah flows in North West direction. The mining area forms a part of the drainage system of the Ghataprabha river situated towards North – West of the mine. Yandigeri lake and Ghatprabha river are the sources of surface water sources in the study area

3.6.5 Surface Water Sampling Locations Surface Water samples were collected at two locations within the study zone these sample were taken as grab samples and were analyzed for various



parameters and compared with the standards IS: 10500. Details of surface water sampling locations are mentioned in Figure 3.7 and Table 3.11

Table 3.11: Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations

Sr.No. Locations Description 1. SW1 Sample was collected from Yandigeri village 2 SW2 Sample was collected from Ghatprabha River at Kaladgi Village

3.6.6 Results of Surface Water Samples

The results for the surface water samples collected within the study area of 10 km radius and are compared with standard limits of IS: 2490. The data presented in Annexure VII-A, it is the average of three samples collected per month at each location.

The pH was found to be ranges between 7.5 - 7.6, Dissolved solids were132 - 356 mg/l, Calcium and Magnesium are found to be ranges between 22.2 – 42.03 mg/l, and 10.1 – 25.96 mg/l, respectively. Total hardness values are observed to be high in the sample of Kaladgi village which was 211.8 mg/l. MPN value was more than standard prescribed limits and Dissolved oxygen in these samples was 4.6 mg /l. All the remaining parameters including trace elements were within the limits or below detectable limits. This site surface water is not utilized for drinking or domestic purpose.

3.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT

The term soil refers to the loose materials composed of weathered rock and other minerals and also partly decayed organic matter that covers large parts of the earth’s surface. Soil is an essential component of the terrestrial ecosystem. Soil also acts as a medium of transport of various dissolved materials to the underlying ground water. Hence the impact of the proposed activities on soil needs to be understood for proper mitigation measure wherever required.

Soil formation is influenced mainly by climate, geology, relief and other biotic interactions. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in the study area. Hence it is essential to identify the impacts in the study area on the soil characteristics, which would affect the agricultural and afforestation potential.

Five locations as described in Table 3.12 were selected for soil sampling within the study area of 10 km. At each location, soil samples were collected at a depth of 30 cm. Samples were then packed in a polythene plastic bag and sealed. Samples were transferred to laboratory for analysis and the results are presented in Annexure VIII. The map showing soil sampling locations in study area is depicted in Figure 3.8



Figure 3.8: Locations of Soil Monitoring Stations



Table 3.12: Details of Soil Sampling Locations

Sr. No.

Locations Soil type Distance w. r. t. project site

Direction w. r. t. project site

1. Project site Non Agriculture 0.0 -- 2. Tulsigeri Agriculture 5.8 NE 3. Chikkashellikere Agriculture 2.5 W 4. Yandigiri Forest 4.0 SW 5 Hanamaneri Agriculture 7.5 W

The soil pH was observed in the range of 7.3-7.8 suggesting that the soil in this area is normal. The majority of soil colour was red and all samples slit loam structures. Water holding capacity of soils was seen in the range between 11.2 to 15.8 %.

Soil Electrical Conductivity (EC) assessments measure the soluble salts in the soil. EC of soil depend upon the porosity, water content, salinity level, cation exchange rate and temperature. The EC of soils was observed in the range of 0.066-0.221 mmhos/cm. Heavy metals are not found in soil samples.

The Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of a soil refers to the amount of positively charged ions which can be held by soil. When dissolved in water, the nutrients are either positively charged or negatively charged. Examples of positively charged ions (cations) include: calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), hydrogen (H+) and ammonium (NH4+). Soils contain slightly excessive negative charge sites on it due to the presence of organic matter. Thus higher the organic matter content, higher is the CEC of the soil. The CEC analysis of the soil samples were in the range of 32.2–82.5 meq/100gm.

Good concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium like elements present in the soil is indicating good soil. The NPK of soil sample analysis result were in the range of 0.189-0.234 mg/gm, 0.169-0.275 mg/gm and 0.28-0.90 % respectively.

3.7.1 Mine Drainage In general the area is having flat topography. The general ground level varies from 521 to 548 meter above MSL. The mining area forms a part of the drainage system of the Ghataprabha river situated towards North – West of the mine. One Major nullah which flows during the heavy rainy season cuts the lease area in to 2 halves from south east corner to north western corner of the lease area and flow in North Western direction, the water from this seasonal nullah will be discharged in to the natural water sources. Based on observations made in the area, the water table in the area is around 60-75 m below the ground level.



There would be a small quantity of water accumulated in the mining pits after heavy rains, which will be pumped out as and when, required. The pumped out water shall be used for dust suppression, plantation as well as supply to nearby agriculturists for irrigation. The drainage plan of study area is given in Figure 3.9

Figure 3.9: Drainage Plan of Study Area

Mining Site

N

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkshelikere Limestone MinesSheet Title: Drainage Plan of Study AreaPlate No: Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.


Scale:

0 1 2 3 4 5km

SCALE:

PROJECT SITE

STREAMS

DRY RIVER WITH WATER CHANNEL

LEGEND

PERINNIAL

RIVER



3.8 LAND USE

3.8.1 Core Zone The core zone is predominantly covered by black soil of varying thickness (1 m to 2 m) at places. The land is almost plain and cultivated. The major portion of the lease area is brought under cultivation. The details of existing and proposed land use pattern of mining lease area is given in Table 3.13

Table 3.13: Land Use Pattern of Mining Lease Area

Sr. No Particulars

Present Occupati

on Proposed for

Total area

in ha.

2006-09 5th year

10th year

15th Year

End of Mine Life

1 Mining 10.25 1.60 2.00 2.00 2.00 12.15 30.00 2 Road 1.80 0.30 0.20 0.20 - 0.50 3.00 3 Dump Yard 1.90 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 4.00 7.50 4 Stock Yards 0.45 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.40 1.75 4.00 5 Afforestation 0.65 2.00 0.60 0.60 0.60 4.4 8.85 6 Structures/Colony 0.50 - 1.00 - - 0.5 2.00 7 Crushers 2.5 - 0.50 - - - 3.00 8 Area unutilised 48.80 - - - - - 6.00 9 Total 64.35 7.4 5.1 3.6 3.4 23.3 64.35

From the above table it is clear that the minimum part of the area is already broken for various mining activities leaving maximum portion. Land use plan is shown in the Figure 3.10

3.8.2 Buffer Zone The abstract of land use is given in Table 3.14

Table 3.14: Landuse Pattern of Buffer Zone

Sr. No. Land Use Area in ha. % 1 Forest land 2406.46 7.66

2 Irrigated land 5233.90 16.66

3 Un-irrigated land 17941.67 57.11

4 Cultivable waste land 1212.66 3.86

5 Not available for cultivation 2629.52 8.37

6 Infrastructures (road, residence) 1991.77 6.34

Total 31416.00 100

From above table it indicates that majority of surrounding population is having sources of income other than agriculture also. Agriculture is mainly depending upon monsoon rain

The major crop in study area is Sunflower, Maize, Onion and Jowar. Along with these many people grow vegetables during the winter season and summer



seasons. Along with crop production, horticulture activity in some part also observed in this district.

Figure 3.10: Land Use Plan of Core Zone

SEASONAL NULLAH

TO VILLAGE

TO VILLAGE

Land UseMiningRoadDump YardStock YardAfforestationStructures/ColonyCrushers

Area in ha.30.003.007.504.008.852.03.0

Area Unutilised 6.0

Sr. No.12345678

Total 64.359

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title: Landuse PlanPlate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.




3.9 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Life on Earth exists in various forms: trees, plants, grasses animals, birds, insects and innumerable invisible species which we call as microorganisms. All living beings and the physical environment in which they live constitute together what we call as ecology. Biotic impact assessment or alternatively called as ecological impact assessment is concerned with the study of the impacts of developmental projects or plans or actions on vegetation and wildlife, their characteristics and habitats and prediction of such effects.

Ecological impacts include all Biological elements including special natural areas for species. Emphasis will be on fasters like extent and type of vegetation and wildlife existence of unique natural systems such as streams, wildlife breeding areas, forest, and wilderness areas on site and nearby it. A natural eco system is structural and functional unit of nature. It has components, which exist in harmony and survive by interdependence. Ecosystem has self sustaining ability and controls the number of organisms at any level by cybernetic rules. The effect of that is the ecosystem does not get imbalanced.

An ecological survey of the study area was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of species and assessment of the existing baseline ecological conditions in the study area. The main objective of biological survey is to collect the baseline data regarding flora and fauna in the study area. Data has been collected through extensive survey of the area with reference to flora and fauna. Information is also collected from different Government Departments. Such as Social Forestry and District Forest Office, Government of Karnataka. On the basis of onsite observations as well as forest department records the checklist of flora and fauna was prepared.

3.9.1 Objectives for Ecological Studies

The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:

• To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project site (within 10 km. radius of core area / mining site);

• To assess the distribution of animal life spectra;

• To achieve the above objectives a study of the area was undertaken. The different methods adopted were as follows:

• Compilation of secondary data with respect to the study area from published literature and various government agencies;



• Generation of primary data by undertaking systematic ecological studies in the area;

• Discussion with local people so as to elicit information about local plants, animals and their uses.

The present report gives the review of published secondary data and the results of field study conducted.

Primary data was generated through:

• Preparing a general checklist of all plants encountered in study area. This would indicate the biodiversity for wild and cultivated plants;

• A quadrate study was taken for woody and herbaceous flora in forest areas (within 10 km. radius of the mining site);

• Noting impact of mining activities on flora, fauna.

3.9.2 Ecology of mining site and dumping site As per the baseline studies of the ecology of the region it is evident that the region is minimum quantity of natural resources Site surveys indicate that the open cast type limestone mining activity of the past as well as continuing open cast mining activity in the immediate surroundings has shown sown impacts on the neighbouring environment. Overall the ecology on the site has been impacted due to the mining activity. Amidst the socio-economic gains, concerns about agriculture, ecology, human health seem to have taken a back seat.

The original topography and vegetation of site is inevitably changed by mining activity. The earlier environmental corridors have been became fragmented. The environmental management of the dumping site is another critical issue for mining activities. Therefore, indigenous plantations are necessary for the regeneration and revival of the mining site towards improving the diversity of wildlife habitat. This will require appropriate techniques to be adopted with proper implementation and supervision by trained experts.

3.9.3 Flora The vegetation in the surrounding area was studied randomly to assess the representative flora in and around the project site. The commonly observed trees were Ala, Babul, Chinch, Umbar, Apta etc. Shrubs like Chadurang, Lekki, Kavali, Torni etc. and Herbs like Anatmul, Nachike mullu are found in the study area. The detail list of shrubs, herbs and trees is presented in enclosed Annexure X.



3.9.4 Fauna

The list of species found in the study area is given in Annexure X A.

Wild animals - It is found that 7.66 % of land area belongs to reserved forest. Wild animals like Common Mongoose, Wild pig, Common Jackal are found in this study region.

Reptiles –Harmless and harmful snakes are found in the study area. Both species and individuals are numerous, and barren and rocky hills, little frequented by man, give innumerable hiding places which favour their existence. Some best-known species found here is Cobra, Rat snake, Russell’s viper, etc.

Birds – In the study area 17 species of birds are observed. Many loving birds like Baya, Bulbul, Koel, Peacock, Tailor birds etc. are found in this region.

Butterflies and insects – Varieties of butterflies and insects found here are commonly observed species in agricultural lands and forest areas. No endangered and rare butterfly or insect is present in the region.

Amphibians – Amphibians are found in fresh water and marshy places. Frogs, toads are common.

3.10 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO - ECONOMICS

Socio-economic impacts are integral parts of the overall environmental impacts caused by governmental and private programmes, policies, actions and projects. Such impacts may be beneficial in some cases or some dimensions of socio economic setup of the country or part of it, but in others, they may be detrimental. It should not be interpreted that all socio–economic impacts of projects, programmes and actions will be positive or negative. Normally, along with the positive impacts we do find several negative socio-economic impacts with developmental projects and programs. In EIA, all such positive and negative impacts are to be identified, quantified, or described, and predicted for future.

The term ‘Socio-economics’ may be defined as “being of, relating to, or involving combinations of social and economic factors. (Rau and Wooten 1985) All developmental activities are undertaken for the social well-being. This is the focal point in all environmental impacts studies. Social values, culture, living standard and institutions, etc are included under socio-economic impacts.

3.10.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study The general methodology of impact assessment that we have used to assess socio-economic impacts associated with the project, are as follows.



• Description of existing socio-economic or human environment in the area of influence (baseline socio-economic set up of the proposed project area.)

• Procurement of relevant standards and criteria:

1. Review of secondary data, such as district Census data 2001 prepared by state government, for the parameters of demography, occupational structure of people and infrastructure facilities available within the core and buffer zone study area.

2. Limited Socio-economic household survey through a designed questionnaire within the study area.

3. Secondary data from the Grampanchayat.

• Assessment of socio-economic impact significance.

• Mitigation measures for adverse socio-economic impacts and the monitoring process

3.10.2 Demographic As per the Census data for the year 2001, the study area over a radius of 10 km has a number of villages and the population distribution is as per the chart given below. The study area consist two Talukas namely Bagalkot and Badami of Bagalkot district. The summary of village-wise distribution of rural population in the study area is shown in ANNEXURE XI-A.

The total no of male and female population indicates that the male population is about 50% and females’ population is about 50% of the total population as per 2001 census in the study area. Sex ratio in the study area is 1:1. Out of the study area total population 11.7% are Scheduled Caste and 10.2% are Scheduled Tribes.

3.10.3 Socio economic profile The review of the socio economic profile of the villages around the mining sites is essential for understanding of social impacts due to mining activity. The census data does not provide information on mining specifically. Hence this information has been acquired through questionnaires. Literacy levels

As per census data for the year 2001, the study area over a radius of 10 km from the proposed mining site has 22,292 no of literates. The summary of village-wise distribution of male and female literacy is given in ANNEXURE XI-B.



Table 3.15: Distribution of Literates Sr. No. Particulars Study Area (2001) % Literacy

1 Total Literates 22,292 44.58

2 Male Literates 14,228 63.83

3 Female literates 8,064 36.17

Occupational Structure

With reference to the ANNEXURE XI-C chart which have been generated through the study of secondary occupational data for the villages within 10.0 km radius of the proposed mining site. Employment / occupational pattern in the study area based on 2001 census are depicted in Figure 3. 11.

Figure 3.11: Occupational Pattern of the Study Area

Occupational Pattern of Study Area

23%

23%

3%22%

29%

Total Main Cultivators

Total Main AgriculturalLabourers

Household industriesworkers

Total Main otherworkers

Total Marginal workers

It is observed that in the primary sector predominant activity is agriculture, cultivators and agricultural labourers. With respect to the occupation pattern primary sector which involves the agricultural activity is higher than the occupation in the secondary or tertiary sector.

Basic Amenities

Infrastructure resource base in villages under the study area of proposed expansion of the existing project at Chikkashellikeri Limestone mine is satisfactory. Education facility up to primary level is available in all the villages. Facility up to middle school and high school is also available in some of the villages. Medical facility includes health centre, primary health centre, registered private practitioner etc is available in some of the villages. In most



of the villages medical facility is available at a distance of 5 to 10 km. Post and telegraph facility available is also available within 10 km radius.

The main drinking water resource is through private dug-wells and bore wells and canals. Density of houses along the main arterial roads higher compare to the inner village areas. Houses along the main street have typical commercial front facade and the rear residential area. For most of the villages bus facilities is available and approach to villages is by kaccha and pacca roads. Power supply is available in all the villages & electricity is utilised for agriculture, domestic and other purposes. Basic amenities available in the villages within study area are shown in ANNEXURE XI-D.

Rapid – EIA Study Impact Prediction


CHAPTER 4

IMPACT PREDICTION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter identifies sources of pollution from mining activities and evaluation of various impacts on environmental attributes in the study area.

"Environmental Impact" can be defined as any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration.

Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and changed patterns of social and economic activities by the proposed action.

The impacts have been predicted for the proposed expansion in mining activities assuming that the pollution due to the existing activities has already been covered under baseline environmental monitoring.

Various impacts have been studied and are discussed in the subsequent sections.

4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS

The project activities that are likely to cause potential impacts on environment are as follows:

• Mining operations;

• Limestone Crushing; and

• Associated Infrastructure. A brief description of these activities and associated environmental impacts are discussed below.

4.2.1 Mining Operations

Mining operations involve development of benches, approach roads, haul roads, drilling, blasting, excavation and handling & transportation of Limestone and waste materials. The likely effects of these activities are:

• Land degradation;

• Deforestation;



• Visual intrusion of land;

• Fugitive dust generation;

• Higher run-off during rains;

• Higher noise and vibration levels; and • Human health risks.

The haulage of Limestone within the mining area, etc will lead to emissions of fugitive dust and higher noise levels in the mining area. The proposed expansion of project also includes installation and operation of crushing unit for sizing of Limestone. These operations generally result in generation of dust and higher noise levels and thereby poses health hazards. However, it is proposed that adequate control measures will be provided which include water sprinkling in area around crusher to reduce the fugitive dust emissions.

Proposed open cast mine will result in disturbance of the land use pattern of the area and cutting of benches will result in higher chance of erosions effects due to surface run-offs during heavy rainfall.

4.2.2 Limestone Crushing

It is proposed to set up a crushing unit of 100 tonnes per hour capacity within lease area on the northern side. Raw material of up to 200 mm will be stacked in the raw material yard near the crushers and the same will be feed through hopper to the crusher. The crushers will crush the material to different sizes and pass on to the screening plant where double deck screen with different size meshes of 0 to 10 mm, 10 to 40 mm and 40 to 80 mm through conveyor belts which are moveable. The materials collected will be loaded to the tippers and transported to the stack yard for stacking

4.2.3 Associated Infrastructure

The associated infrastructural facilities for the MML mining project include:

• Storage and Handling facilities (for fuel oil, lubricating oils and explosives) and workshops;

• Mine offices and labour colony;

• Water supply;

• Telecommunications; and

The environmental impacts associated with these infrastructural facilities are described in the following sub sections.



Storage & Handling Storage and handling of fuel oils, lubricating oil & grease, and explosives, are areas of concern from environmental, health and safety point of view. Vehicle maintenance and repairing workshops (for mining equipment and machines) would generate waste oils; oil & grease and suspended particles which may also find their way into the wastewater streams. Oil & grease spillage may also contaminate the soil in and around the workshop area.

Mine Offices and Colony Mine office, labor camp and other community facilities will mainly contribute towards solid waste and sanitary wastewater. A proper collection, transportation and disposal system will have to be developed for solid waste management. Also, sanitary wastewater will need treatment to avoid any health hazards due to water borne diseases.

Water Supply Water requirement for the expansion of mine and its infrastructure will be met through borewell and water tanker. Water storage tank with adequate capacity will be provided both at the mine site as well as in the labor camp. One water sprinkler is also proposed for dust suppression as well as for supply of water to any off-site work.

Telecommunications Telephone facilities have been provided in the offices, workshop, crushing plant, colony, etc. Besides, for effective supervision, it is proposed to provide walkie-talkies sets for mine operations.

The telecommunication infrastructure that will be developed as a part of the project will also improve the telecommunication facilities available in the study area.

4.3 CLIMATE

Micro-climatic conditions such as temperature, rainfall, wind-speed and relative humidity, etc are regional phenomenon and are affected only if there are significant variations in the environmental set up.

4.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The open cast mining operations will generate high levels of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and to a very limited extent SO2, NOX, and CO due to blasting (using explosives), fuel oil combustion, etc. The potential sources of dust emissions are crusher and fugitive emissions from blasting and transportation.

The above systems necessitate mine workers and others directly involved in the mining/ field activity to wear dust mask as a safety precaution. RSPM is



the main cause of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders amongst the workers.

The ambient air quality monitoring results show that in the villages around the mine area, SPM concentrations are within the prescribed limits (CPCB standards) during the monitoring period. At present the source of pollution is the domestic activities and mining activities within the study area. Due to increase of limestone production from 0.12 million tonnes per annum to 0.25 million tonnes per annum, it is anticipated that increase will occur in the SPM level of the core and the buffer zones. Dust suppression measures are, therefore, of utmost importance.

Vehicular movements within the mine site will add marginally to the contribute NOX and CO concentration. Monitored values of SO2, NOX, CO in the ambient air are reported to be very low.

The prevailing wind direction during the monitoring period was predominant mainly from East direction. If adequate dust suppression measures are not provided, the dust particles and RSPM will be transported to villages in the impact area. SPM levels will be higher within the active operational areas (mine area) due to blasting, transportation and crushing, however, in the buffer zone it is not likely to be affected with dust problems, if proper dust suppression measures are taken.

Probable impacts of air pollutants on plants and animals are listed in the following Table 4.1



Table 4.1 Effects of Air Pollutants on Plants and Animals Sr. No.

Pollutants Principal Anthropogenic Sources

Effects

1 Carbon Dioxide Fuel combustion for heating, transport, energy production

No direct effect on people, however, may lead to increase in global warming

2 Carbon Monoxide

Incomplete fuel combustion (as in motor vehicles)

Deprives tissues of oxygen. People with respiratory diseases

3 Sulphur Dioxide Burning of sulphur containing fuels like fuel oil

• Combined with smoke, increases risk and effects of respiratory diseases

• Causes suffocation, irritation of throat and eyes

• Combines with atmospheric water vapour to produce acid rain

• Reduces crop yield. • Leads to acidification of

soils. • Corrodes buildings

4 Suspended particulate matter

Smoke from domestic, industrial and vehicular sources

• Possible toxic effects depend on specific composition.

• Aggravates effects of SO2 • Reduces sunlight

.

4.4.1 Occupational Health Hazards Due to Dust Pollution

Progressive disintegration of suspended solid particles or dust results in major health problems. Smaller the particle size (less than 10 µ) higher is the chemical and biological reactivity, resulting in increased toxicity than the parent lump. These micron sized particles, once air-borne, are extremely difficult to be collected or trapped. Due to the `minute size of the particles, the ambient environment remains clear giving a deceptive sense of security to the workers and the management.

This restorable dust has serious impact on the health of the workers. Lung functions are impaired due to both respirable and non-respirable dust particles. Chronic exposure leads to respiratory illnesses like asthma, emphysema, severe dyspnea (shortness of breath), bronchitis and in extreme cases pneumoconiosis or the black-lung disease of miners. There may be several components of Limestone dust. The effect of dust may be harmful to the human health.

The summary of likely impacts on the ambient air quality of the study area is given in Table 4.2



Table 4.2 Summary of Impact Assessment: Air Quality Impact Area Nature of

Impact* Targets/ Interests#

Magnitude and## extent

Overall significance###

Derogation of air quality

For the duration of the project. However, impacts would largely be reversible. Emissions of SPM (dust) and to a smaller extent SO2, NOx, would occur during all stages of the project

Nearby villages. Approximately 92 workers. No sensitive Interests

Generally Local/Regional impact. Dust emissions should be quickly suppressed to insignificant levels. Impact on site accommodation some distance from operational areas

*** Major significance

Deposition of pollutants, SPM (dust) in human beings and in local area

Potentially long-term impact due to accumulation of SPM, SO2 deposition

Potential effect on human health due to SPM deposition in the lungs; Potential effect on land and soil quality of nearby agricultural fields; Marginal effect on flora and fauna, because of degraded vegetation.

Localized adverse effect. Magnitude dependent on emissions and management of dust control

*Moderate (In case of human health, as immediate consequences of dust will be on human beings) ** Minor/ moderate significance, in case of land, flora and fauna. However, should the control measures fail, the potential impact could be of major significance)

* Description; short or long term; reversible or permanent; associated with construction, operation, decommissioning; cumulative, accidental, etc # Targets and interests potentially affected. ## Adverse or beneficial; small, large, etc; very localised (mine site only), local, regional national. ### Overall significance against criteria (**minor; *moderate, some significance; ***major)

4.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Different activities in mining such as loading, hauling, drilling, ore handling, crushing and dumping contribute towards the generation of noise. Mining operations and the limestone crusher would be the main sources of noise pollution. Noise due to vehicular movement will be intermittent, but will also add to the background noise level.



It has been observed that mechanisation of mining technology generally leads to higher noise levels if not properly controlled. Operation of drills, shovels, dumpers, pay loaders and dozers involve noise generation above 90 dB(A), which is the prescribed Threshold Limit Value (TLV). It is being observed that at the mine site where heavy earth moving machinery is in operation, noise level is more than the stipulated 90 dB (A) per DGMS Circular, No 18 (Tech) of 1975. The noise level is within the tolerance limit at a distance of 15 to 20 m or so.

Predictions have been carried out to compute the noise level at various distances around the working pit due to these noise-generating sources and output of the same is shown in figure 4.1

Anticipated noise levels at mine boundary resulting from operation of the excavation have been computed using point source model. Computation of noise level at the mine boundary is based on the assumption that there are no attenuation paths between the source and the mine boundary.

Basic phenomenon of the model is the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates spherical waves, which are propagated outwards from the source through the air at a speed of 1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever-increasing sphere with time. As the wave spreads the intensity of noise diminishes as the fixed amount of energy is spread over an increasing surface area of the sphere.

The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e., for every doubling of the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB (A). Point source propagation is defined by the following equation:

Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) – 20 log [Distance (Receptor)/ Distance (Source)]

Noise level at boundary was found to be less than 60 dB (A), no negative impacts are anticipated at the nearest village Chikkashellikeri and villages farther than it.



Figure 4.1: Predicted Noise Levels

Predicted Noise Levels

0102030405060708090

100

1 25 50 75 100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

375

400

Distance from source (m)

Noi

se L

evel

[dB

(A)]

Noise Levels

The noise produced by blasting would be for extremely short duration of around 0.5 seconds, though with a high intensity. The impacts over the surrounding habitat can be minimised by adopting adequate precautions during blasting and also by properly scheduling it as indicated in the management plan. While considering proper noise prevention and control measures have been included, the effect of increased noise levels due to mining over villages such as Chikkashellikeri and Hire Chikkashellikeri in the immediate vicinity also needs to be considered. Creation of noise bunds near the periphery is expected to act as an effective barrier against its propagation of sound waves towards the human settlements.

4.5.1 Occupational Health Hazards of Noise Pollution The noise levels in many situations would be above TLV. Exposure to noise levels, above TLV, has been found to have detrimental effect on the workers' health. Mine workers working for more than 4 to 4.5 hours per shift will be greatly affected, unless suitable mitigatory measures are taken. The adverse effects of high noise levels on exposed workers may result in:

• Annoyance;

• Fatigue;

• Temporary shift of threshold limit of hearing;

• Permanent loss of hearing; and

• Hypertension and high blood cholesterol, etc.

Noise pollution poses a major health risk to the mine workers. When noise in the form of waves impinges the eardrum, it begins to vibrate, stimulating other



delicate tissues and organs in the ear. If the magnitude of noise exceeds the tolerance limits, it is manifested in the form of discomfort leading to annoyance and in extreme cases to loss of hearing. Detrimental effects of noise pollution are not only related to sound pressure level and frequency, but also on the total duration of exposure and the age of the person. Table 4.3 below gives frequency levels and associated mental and physical response of humans.

Table 4.3 Noise Exposure Levels and Its Effects

Noise Levels (dB(A)) Exposure Time Effects

85 Continuous Safe 85-90 Continuous Annoyance and irritation

90-100 Short term Temporary shift in hearing threshold, generally with complete recovery

Above 100 Continuous Permanent loss of hearing Short term Permanent hearing loss can be avoided

100-110 Several years Permanent deafness 110-120 Few months Permanent deafness

120 Short term Extreme discomfort 140 Short term Discomfort with actual pain

150 and above Single exposure Mechanical damage to the ear

4.6 GROUND VIBRATIONS

Due to blasting, the vibrations can cause damage to the nearby structures if appropriate control measures are not adopted. Therefore, the control measures suggested in management plan should be adhered to.

Blasting will also result in flyrocks. The factors, which influence flyrock production, are long explosive column with little stemming column, improper burden, loose material or pebbles near the holes and long water column in the hole. The actual blasts at the mines are to be closely monitored for any fly rocks and precautions against fly rock are to be taken are as per given in management plan.

When an explosive charge is fired in a hole, stress waves propagate radically in all directions and cause the rock particles to oscillate. This oscillation is felt as ground vibration. The existing mining operations using deep hole drilling and blasting using delay detonators are bound to produce ground vibrations. The total explosive consumption is proposed to be 125 kg /day

Blasting, in addition to easing the hard strata, generates ground vibrations and instantaneous noise. Ground vibrations from mine blasting may be expressed by amplitude, frequency and duration of blast. The variables, which influence



ground vibrations are controllable and non-controllable. The non-controllable variables include:

• General surface terrain;

• Type and depth of overburden; and

• Wind.

Similarly, the controllable variations include:

• Type of explosives;

• Charge per delay’;

• Delay interval;

• Direction of blast progression;

• Burden;

• Spacing; and

• Specific charge and coupling ratio.

4.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Ghataprabha is the main river in study area. Water resources available in the area is only rain water. The mining area forms a part of the drainage system of the Ghataprabha river situated towards North – West of the mine.

One major nullah which flows during heavy rains cuts the lease area into two halves from South East corner to the North Western corner of the lease area and flows in the North Western direction. Pumps will be installed to cater the flow in the rainy season. The water from the pit will be discharged into natural water sources.

4.7.1 Impacts on Surface Water The potential impact on the surface water quality is likely to be due to higher load of suspended solids. Sources of suspended solids would be:

• Discharge of mine runoff during rains to the surface water channels;

• Wash off from waste dumps and Limestone stock piles during rainy season;

• Oil spillage from maintenance of machineries;

• Oil effluent from labour colony.

Wash-off from Limestone Dumps During the heavy rainfall, the wash off from the limestone dumps will lead to the adjoining surface water body. This is likely to increase the alkalinity of the



water and also increase the suspended solids within the water samples. Therefore, landscape of the Limestone dumping area should be shaped, capped and graded, so as to prevent soil erosion along with the run-off. Waste dump will be protected by way of construction of retention wall along the toe of the dump to prevent wash offs during rainy season.

Oil Spillage from Maintenance of machineries Oil spillage from the machineries in the wastewater will add to the pollution load resulting in oil and grease contamination of surface water from mine infrastructural facilities. The quantity of oil required for proposed expansion of mines is very less, hence it will have negligible impact on environment

Effluent from Labor Colony Sewage generated from labor colony will be 6.4 m3/day. This sewage will be treated in septic tank. Treated sewage from septic tank will be discharged in soak pit. This sewage, if discharged without treatment, will have adverse impact on the surface and ground water quality and could lead to water borne diseases, etc.

Impact of Polluted Water The polluted water generally contains objectionable odour and colour. It may also be acidic, toxic and highly turbid. Such water is unfit for drinking or any other use. In some cases these may also contain pathogenic microorganisms, which pose potential health hazard. The impact of polluted water would be as follows:

This water may cause various water-borne diseases;

• The polluted water may not be useful for animal husbandry, re-vegetation and human or animal consumption; and

• High turbidity, oils and grease film on water may not allow proper oxygenation of the surface water. Further, high turbidity may prevent sunlight to enter into the water body to promote photosynthesis of aquatic plants. So polluted water may affect the aquatic life.

As the quantity of water required after expansion of mine is small and there will be treatment of effluent generated which is proposed to be discharge in soak pit, hence, open cast mining operation will not disturb the natural drainage pattern of the core and buffer area both upstream and downstream. As such the inhabitants of the area depending on rain water and river water are expected to be unaffected due to mining operations at Chikkashellikeri.

4.7.2 Impacts of Mining on Ground Water The potential impact of mining would have negligible impact on the ground water, as the ground water levels at the site and surrounding areas is at 60m below the ground level. The likely chances of the contaminants reaching the



groundwater are very rare. The summary of impact assessment on water resources is given in the Table 4.4.

Table 4.4 Summary of Impact Assessment: Water Resources

Impact Area Nature of Impact*

Targets/ Interests#



Surface Water Physical impact Long term

modification to the distribution of rain water catchments

Local inhabitants depending on the river water

Local ** Minor

Chemical Impact

Short term contamination of surface water flows due to run-off

Water bodies, springs and sink holes

Local, small scale

**Minor

Ground Water Groundwater quantity

Long term, medium reduction

Aquifers along the river beds in the plain land

Local/Regional ** Minor

Resource Management Resource Management

Long term, medium reduction

Judicious abstraction of water for usage

Regional * Moderate/ Major


4.8 LAND USE

The proposed expansion of mining will change the topography and the landscape of Limestone bearing area and its immediate vicinity in the core zone only. The lease area is almost plain and cultivated

The core area of 64.35 ha consists of 30.00 ha for mining, 3.00 ha for roads, 7.50 ha for dump yard, 4.00 ha for stockyard, 8.85 ha for afforestation, 2.00 ha for structures/colony, 3.00 ha for crushers. The opening of the mine is from the North side and appropriate location of dumps will give definite advantage in terms of keeping the land disturbance at the minimum.

No adverse impacts are anticipated on land use of buffer zone due to the proposed expansion of mining operations, as all the mining activities will be confined to core zone only, except mine site and colony.



4.8.1 Soil Impact on soil will be localised i.e. around the mine site. The lease area is predominantly covered by black soil of varying thickness (1 m to 2 m). The top soil generated is stored in soil preservation yard which is located near the dump site an over of 0.40 ha. This top soil will be utilized for agriculture purpose by the adjacent pattaland owners. So the impact occurred due to this activity is short term. The summary of impact assessment on soil and land use is given in the Table 4.5

Table 4.5 Summary of Impact Assessment: Soil and Land-use Impact Area Nature of

Impact* Targets/ Interests#



Land use Change in

original land use, land degradation

Reduction of degraded vegetation, loss of top soil, visual intrusion

Mine lease area only, small scale; beneficial effect in terms of compensatory afforestation with higher success percentage expected

* Moderate

Derogation of soil quality

Cumulative contamination with dust, surface run-off

Soil quality, flora and fauna,

Localised near sources; small contribution to existing background levels, provided dust control and overburden is managed

**Minor

Physical effects on soils due to topsoil removal, nutrient loss; irreversible

Soil quality, flora

Site areas only *Moderate


4.9 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL

The soild waste generation during the course of mining will be about 2.36 million tonnes. This solid waste includes overburden, ore zone waste. This will be transported to the dump yard located away from the working area.

The top soil generated is stored in soil preservation yard which is located near the dump yard an over of 0.40 ha. This top soil will be utilized for agriculture purpose by the adjacent pattaland owners



The domestic solid waste from colony and mine is expected to be generated to the tune of 40 kg/day, which will be disposed of as municipal waste.

4.10 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS

A study was conducted during the Winter 2006 to survey living natural resources, both flora and fauna, from the proposed Limestone Mining Area (1 km, the “core area”) as well as a 10 km radius around the site (the “buffer area)

As the study area does not provide habitation to any rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, impact on ecology will be mainly due to removal of green cover. This will be compensated by rejuvenation of mine spoil dumps and hence, residual impact will be insignificant.

The impact of mining on flora and vegetation will be further mitigated through a detailed afforestation plan as given in environmental management plan

4.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS

In terms of the major socio-economic impacts, the project will provide more direct and indirect job opportunities and better economic standards to the project affected people and others, through improved infrastructural, community facilities, etc.

Development of residential colony, creation of civic and welfare amenities like primary health care, communications, educational institutes, recreational facilities, etc, that will develop along with the project will ensure better quality of life for the local population.

Rapid – EIA Study Impact Evaluation


CHAPTER 5

IMPACT EVALUATION

5.1 APPROACH

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to quantify the possible environmental impacts on various features such as air, water, land and socioeconomic factors. The following aspects have been studied to identify the possible impacts due to the proposed increase of production. The magnitude and significance of the environmental pollution caused by mining depends on method of mining, scale and concentration of mining activity,

Chikkashellikeri Limestone mines present production is about 0.12 million tonnes per annum. In the proposed expansion scheme the production will be increased from 0.12 million tonnes per annum to 0.25 million tonnes per annum. The mine operations will be semi mechanized. This chapter deals with the impacts arising out of the proposed increase in production of the limestone from 0.12 million tonnes per annum to 0.25 million tonnes per annum.

5.2 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

The air borne particulate matter is the main air pollutant contributed by opencast mining. Various emission sources are identified from the mining operations for the total material handling of 0.255 million tonnes per annum.

An attempt has been made to know the emission rate from each operation of the mining activity taking into account increase in total material handling. Resultant ground level concentration for the prevailing meteorological conditions using the mathematical model were estimated.

5.2.1 Quantitative Estimation of Impacts on Air Environment An attempt has been made to predict the incremental rise of various ground level concentrations above the baseline status in respect of air pollution due to increased material handling by an additional quantity of 0.132 million tonnes per annum. The mathematical model employed for predictions in the present study is FDM 93070 model which was approved by United States Environmental Protection Agency for mining applications.

The Fugitive dust model is a computerized air quality model specifically designed for computing concentrations and deposition impacts of fugitive dust sources. The model is based on the well-known Gaussain Plume formulation for computing concentrations and also the model has been specifically adapted to incorporate an improved gradient transfer deposition algorithm. Emissions for each source are apportioned into a series of particle size classes.



Gravitational settling velocity and deposition velocity are calculated by FDM for each class.

Salient features of the FDM model are given hereunder.

• Drilling is considered as point source.

• Excavation and dumping operations are considered as area sources.

• Transportation of material on haulage roads has been considered as line source

The predicted ground level concentrations for winter season is computed using EPA approved FDM model are plotted as isopleths using the SURFER – 7 package of Golden Software.

5.2.2 Sources of Dust Emission Mining is carried out by manual opencast method which involves development of benches, drilling, blasting, loading of blasted material by excavation into dumpers, transportation of limestone to crusher, and transportation of waste for backfilling and transportation of top soil for greenbelt development.

MML will adopt the semi mechanism mining methodology for achieving the increased production in the operating mine. The emissions released depend on the total material handled.

Based on the various operations involved in the production of limestone, the various emission sources at each stage have been identified as given below.

• Point sources

• Area sources

• Line sources.

Drilling operations of the mine are considered as point sources. Production of limestone through various operations in mining area, are considered as area sources. Transportation of mineral from mining benches to crushing plant is considered as line source.

Two crushers of 60 tonnes per shift capacity are available on site. It is proposed to install crusher of 100 tonnes per hour capacity for additional capacity. At the dumper platform, mist water spray is being sprayed during unloading of mineral by dumpers into crusher. The dust is totally suppressed at crusher hopper. Hence for prediction of impact, emission from this source has not been considered.

5.2.3 Emission Details Drilling, excavation and transportation through dumper to crusher are the major operations which are of significance, hence considered for modeling.



The emissions are computed based on AP-42 emission factors. Operational hours and activity rate have been considered for estimation of emissions from point and area sources. For line source, apart from operational hours and activity rate, moisture and silt content of the haulage road have been considered. The emissions computed for the additional increased production are given in the Table 5.1 (Basis – AP-42: Emission Estimation Technique Manual for Mining)

Table 5.1 Emissions Details Emission for Area Source Emission – Production

Particulars Unit Present Proposed Incremental

Quantity TPA 120000 250000 130000 Operational hours per year 2400 2400 ___

Activity rate t/h 50 104.2 54.2 Emission of Dust g/t *0.290 Emission of Dust g/hr 15.71 Area of Influence m2 25 Uncontrolled Emission Rate g/s/m2 1.7453 x 10-5

Controlled Emission Rate g/s/m2 1.7453 x 10-5

Emission for Area Source Emission - Development


Quantity TPA 2600 5500 2900 Operational hours per year 2400 2400 -----

Activity rate t/h 1.1 2.3 1.2 Emission of Dust g/t *0.290 Emission of Dust g/hr 0.35 Area of Influence m2 25 Uncontrolled Emission Rate g/s/m2 3.8935 x 10-6

Controlled Emission Rate g/s/m2 3.8935 x 10-7



Emission for Line Source Emission – Transport of Limestone


Quantity TPA 120000 250000 130000 Operational hours per year 2400 2400 ----

Capacity of Each Dumper t/h 10.0 10.0 ----

Total No. of Dumpers/year 12000 25000 13000

Lead length per trip km 1.2 Total VKT per year 15600.0 Emission of Dust kg/VKT *2.6 Total emission kg/year 40840.80 Uncontrolled Emission Rate g/s/m 0.004726944

Controlled Emission Rate g/s/m 0.000472694

Emission for Line Source Emission – Transportation of Waste


Quantity TPA 2600 5500 2900 Operational hours per year 2400 2400 ---

Capacity of Each Dumper t/h 10 10 ----

Total No. of Dumpers/year No 260 550 290

Lead length per trip km 1.0 Total VKT per year 290 Emission of Dust kg/VKT *2.6 Total emission kg/year 759.22 Uncontrolled Emission Rate g/s/m 8.7872 x 10-5

Controlled Emission Rate g/s/m 8.7872 x 10-6

Note: * Emission factor computed based on wind speed of 2 m/s + emission factor computed based on silt content of 20% and moisture content of 5%.

Predictions are carried out for the worst-case scenario of simultaneous operation of excavators (area sources) and tippers. Tippers are used for transportation of limestone and overburden from mine pit to crusher and dumping point respectively.

The other mine operations may not be simultaneous and continuous. However, for the prediction of worst-case concentration, the sources mentioned in the above paragraph are assumed to be under simultaneous continuous operation for 24 hours. Hence the concentrations predicted are considered to be the worst case.



Particle size concentration assumed in the modeling consisted of five separate particles size classes 1.25, 3.75, 7.5, 12.5, and 20 micrometers with a particle concentration of 0.0262, 0.0678, 0.1704, 0.1536 and 0.5820 respectively.

The number of working days has been taken at 300 days per year for one shift operation. With control measures, the emissions have been taken at 10% of uncontrolled emissions for handling of ore and overburden material and 10% of uncontrolled emissions for transportation

5.2.4 Summary of Predicted Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’S) of SPM Predictions have been carried out using FDM model for Winter season for the worst case scenario considering all the operations of the mine are under simultaneous continuous operation of 24-hours for the increased emissions. The following paragraphs detail the predicted concentrations of suspended particulate matter.

The maximum worst case predicted value of SPM due to simultaneous continuous mine operations during Winter for the increase production rate is about 17.204 µg/m3. This concentration is observed within the core zone of mining area where mining operations are assumed to be carried out. The concentration was found to reduce to a value of less than 3 µg/m3 at a distance of about 3 km from the mining operations. The impact of mining operation would be negligible beyond 1 km of the mining operations.

Predicted value superimposed on the existing baseline value gives the overall scenario which would prevail during winter once mine is operated for the increased production. The Table – 5.2 shows the overall scenario:

Table 5.2 Overall Scenario

Station Predicted max. GLC Direction

Worst background

concentration

Total Concentration Standards

μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 Core Zone (100 m) 17.204 W 168.2 185.404 500

Buffer Zone (500 m) 9.779 W 160.95 170.729 200

Buffer Zone (1000 m) 6.898 W 153.7 160.598 200

Fig – 5.1 represents the spatial distribution of the predicted ground level concentrations of SPM due to emissions from mine.



Figure 5.1: Predicted Ground Levels Concentrations

5000.00 6000.00 7000.00 8000.00 9000.00 10000.00 11000.00 12000.00

6000.00

7000.00

8000.00

9000.00

10000.00

11000.00

12000.00

1.00

3.00

5.00

7.00

9.00

11.00

13.00

15.00

17.00

It could be summarized from the above study that the level of SPM in all the locations are within the permissible limit of Central Pollution Control Board standards. Predicted concentrations of CO and HC + NOX beyond 100 m on either side of the road way were found to be less than 2 μg/m3

5.2.5 Impact due to Transportation Limestone ore and waste material from mine will be transported to Stock yard and dumping yard at a distance of about 0.6 km and 0.5 km respectively from working pit.

The major emissions from the vehicular traffic are carbon monoxide and Hydrocarbon + Oxides of nitrogen. In order to estimate the incremental raise of CO and HC+NOX from the additional traffic, a vehicular impact assessment study has been carried out. The following is the estimation of trucks for transport of the iron ore and waste.



Table 5.3 Estimation of Tippers for Transport

Particulars Unit Existing Proposed

Production

Development

Total Production

Development

Total

Total Quantity TPA 1,20,000 2,600 1,22,600 2,50,000 5,500 2,55,500

Capacity of each Tippers/dumpers t 10 10 10 10 10 10

Number of tippers/dumpers for total quantity

No. 12,000 260 12,260 25,000 550 25,550

Operational hours for tippers/dumpers

hr. 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400

Number of tippers/dumpers per hour

No. 5 1 6 11 -- 11

5.3 ENVIRONMETAL IMPACT MATRIX

In this section, environmental impacts due to the proposed expansion of Limestone mining activities have been quantified under two scenarios:

• Without environmental management plan; and

• With the environment management plan.

Various methodologies are in use for identification and evaluation of the environmental impacts eg Adhoc, Overlays, Checklists, Matrix method, and Networks approach. Each method has its own merits and demerits.

Leopold Impact Matrix is the most widely used technique, however, it has an associated disadvantage of subjective valuation of certain impacts. Therefore, the improved "Modified Matrix" method has been used in this report which involves establishment of cause-effect relationship. This method involves assignment of "Parameter Importance Value" (PIV) against each environmental impact parameter. These values are determined by subjective judgment considering the relative importance or significance of individual parameter. After deciding on PIV, these values have to be distributed among all the cause-effect relationships established between the affected environmental parameters and the related project activities by means of indices which are called "Relative Parameter Importance Indices" (RPII). The sum of all the indices should be equal to unity. The value of RPII is decided based on the relative importance of cause-effect relationship and the most important one is given highest RPII value and the subsequent impact parameters are assigned RPII values in the descending order.



Another index which is to be determined for each cause effect relationship is called "Environmental Impact Index" (EII). The scale for EII varies from zero to one. The value "1" is assigned to an impact of highest order and "0" is assigned to an impact of negligible magnitude. For adverse impacts, EII carries a negative sign, and for beneficial impacts it carries positive sign. For determining the value of EII, the environmental impact parameters are divided into two categories, A and B.

Category "A" includes those impact parameters whose quality varies linearly with the magnitude of impact related to the project activities and includes:

• Surface and ground water resources;

• Socio-economic aspects;

• Land use; and

• Human settlements.

Category "B" includes those impact parameters whose quality varies logarithmically with the magnitude of the impacts and includes:

• Water quality;

• Hydrogeology and drainage pattern;

• Air quality;

• Noise level;

• Health;

• Flora; and

• Fauna.

In the latter case, a slight change in impact magnitude will have insignificant change in environmental quality, but as the magnitude increases, the deterioration in quality increases logarithmically. The basis for determining II for category A and category B are given in Table 5.4 and Table 5.5 respectively.



Table 5.4 Determination of EII for Category "A" Parameters

S No Impact Magnitude (in %) EII 1 No Change 0 2 0-4.9% Change 0.05 3 5-14.9% Change 0.1 4 15-24.9% Change 0.2 5 25-34.9% Change 0.3 6 35-44.9% Change 0.4 7 45-54.9% Change 0.5 8 55-64.9% Change 0.6 9 65-74.9% Change 0.7

10 74-84.9% Change 0.8 11 85-94.9% Change 0.9 12 >95% Change 1

Table 5.5 Determination of EII for Category "B" Parameters

Sr. No Impact Magnitude (in %) EII 1 No Change 0 2 0-4.9% Change 0.02 3 5-14.9% Change 0.05 4 15-24.9% Change 0.10 5 25-34.9% Change 0.15 6 35-44.9% Change 0.25 7 45-54.9% Change 0.5 8 55-64.9% Change 0.75 9 >65% Change 1

After determining EII for each cause-effect relationship, the same will be multiplied with RPII to get "Weighted Environmental Impact Index" (WEII). These values are once again multiplied with PIV and addition of all these values gives the impact score for that particular environmental parameter. The impact score so obtained for all impact parameters is added together to get total impact score. This total impact score is used for interpretation and decision making.

Details regarding the PIV, RPII, EII, WEII specific to the Limestone mining project are described in the following sections, which is followed by the analysis and evaluation of potential environmental impacts.

5.4 PROJECT SPECIFIC EVALUATION

5.4.1 PIV For Environmental Components The environmental components listed in the earlier section are assigned with PIVs so as to convert the environmental impacts into commensurate units, which could be aggregated easily to get the total score of environmental impacts. PIVs are assigned by marking and pair-wise comparison procedure.



This procedure involves preparation of a table containing number of columns corresponding to the range of values, which can be assigned a "score of importance" against each impact area. The score of importance is any integer ranging from one to six. The most affected parameter carries a score of six and the least affected parameter carries a score of one.

Assigning Importance Ranking:

• Air quality in mines with respect to SPM/RSPM levels is of more concern, followed by NOx and SO2 levels, which are of lesser importance. The SPM/RSPM levels are expected to be high within the mining area. Hence it is given a ranking of 4.

• Although high noise levels are largely confined to the working environment, this impact increases due to the presence of vehicular traffic. Hence the ranking is given as 4.

• Ground Vibrations will not have any impact to the surroundings beyond the safety zone as recommended by GMS. However, the ground vibrations within the safety zone plays an important role, therefore, is given a ranking of 2.

• The proposed expansion of mine will source borewell and tanker water for requirement of approximately 59 m3/day for dust suppression, domestic supply, and green belt development and 8 m3/day for colony. There will not be any effluent generated as mine run off except during rainy season. It is proposed to treat the effluent generated from the domestic and washing activities. Impact on quality and quantity of nearby surface water body will be insignificant hence it is given a ranking of 1.

• Hydrogeological and drainage pattern of the study area is represented by surface water bodies, aquifers, hilly topography, geology of the area and rainfall, therefore, is given a ranking of 5.

• The impact of land use is more pronounced because of degradation of land due to mining activities, disposal of overburden soil, construction of structures confined to limited area in the region. The landuse degradation will be one time i.e. during the mine development phase only, however, in the long run landuse will result in positive impacts due to improvements in the socio-economic infrastructure and family earnings. The land use is given a ranking as 3.

• The impact on fauna will be less pronounced, hence the ranking given is 2.



• The impact on flora is given a ranking of 4, which would be significantly affected due to clearing of vegetation in mining and allied activities during mine development period only, however, in the long run, there will be positive impact on flora due intensive afforestation by the project proponent.

• The impacts on human health in the surrounding area will be insignificant with appropriate mitigative measures. Hence the ranking for impact on human health is 2.

• The socio-economic aspects of the region will improve with the development of the project. Hence a ranking of 3 is given.

Determination of PIV The impact areas considered along with their rankings and the weightage for each impact area are as given in Table 5.6. The total PIV is assumed to be 1,000 per the standard practice. The value of total PIV is distributed among each impact area according to its weightage.

Table 5.6 Determination of PIV Sr. No. Impact Area Ranking (on 1

to 6 scale) Weightage PIV

1 Air quality 4 4/30 133.33 2 Noise levels 4 4/29 133.33 3 Ground Vibration 2 2/29 66.67 4 Water resources 1 1/30 33.33

5 Hydrogeology and Drainage Pattern 5 5/30 166.67

6 Land use, soil characteristics 3 3/30 100.00

7 Fauna 2 2/30 66.67 8 Flora 4 4/30 133.33 9 Health 2 2/30 66.67

10 Socio-economic aspects 3 3/30 100.00 11 Total 30 - -

5.4.2 Relative Parameter Importance Index (RPII)

The RPII indicates the importance of interaction between the action and environmental components. It is assigned any value between 0 and 1 so that the sum of all the values of RPII under each environmental component is equal to 1. The importance of an interaction is related to the significance or assessment of the consequences of the anticipated interaction. Assignment of RPII to an interaction is based on the subjective judgement. While deciding on RPII, first the RPII values are distributed among adverse and beneficial impacts depending upon their significance. The RPII values so distributed are once again distributed among the respective interactions depending upon their individual significance. The most important interaction under a particular



impact area is given the maximum RPII, whereas the least important one is given minimum RPII. As the significance increases, the RPII also increases. The RPII values for all the interactions, along with the criteria for deciding the same is presented in Table 5.7 and Table 5.8.

5.4.3 Environmental Impact Index (EII) The EII represents the magnitude of an impact due to the interaction established between an environmental component and a project activity. This impact magnitude is represented by a numerical value that is determined from Tables 5.7 & 5.8. The environmental components are grouped into two categories viz A and B (Table 5.4 and Table 5.5). EII’S are determined for each impact area project activity interaction and are given in Table 5.7 and Table 5.8 along with the remarks.



Table 5.7 Potential Impact Identification Matrix( Without Environmental Management Plan) Environmental Components

Project Activities Interaction No Impacts

Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values

Remarks for RPII EII

Air quality Blasting 1 Dust & gases (NOx) are produced during blasting. High SPM is observed during these operations.

Adverse 0.20

Blasting twice in a day (during afternoon) & evening confined to very small area

-0.1

Air quality

Loading/Unloading and Transportation within the mine area

2 Causes dust nuisance as well as NOx pollution due to vehicular emissions

Adverse 0.35 Continuous operation during the one shifts in a day

-0.25

Air quality Limestone Crushing 3 Dust raised during crushing operations Adverse 0.25 Batch operation two

shifts a day -0.15

Air quality Stock Piling of crushed limestone and disposal of solid waste

4 Increase in SPM level Adverse 0.20 Windy conditions may add up dust levels

-0.10

Water resources

Water required for mine (dust suppression, workshop, domestic supply and green belt) and colony

1 Impact due to continuous drawing of water

Adverse 0.4 Insignificant resource utilisation

-0.4

Water resources

Wastewater generated from workshop, domestic usage from the mine

2

Deterioration in soil and ground water quality when discharged untreated in soak pit

Adverse 0.3 Workshop wastewater will contain high oil and grease contaminants

-0.3

Water resources

Domestic wastewater generated from the Colony

3

Deterioration in surface/ ground water and soil quality when discharged untreated for greenbelt development

Adverse 0.3 Solely domestic wastewater

-0.3



Environmental Components


Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Noise levels Blasting 1 High Impulsive Noise levels Adverse 0.30

Instantaneous blasting Two times in a day (during afternoon & Evening), confined to very small area

-0.15

Noise levels Machine operation (including crusher operation)

2 Increase in noise levels Adverse 0.40 Continuous operation during one shifts

-0.25

Noise levels Transportation 3 Increase in noise levels Adverse 0.30 Continuous operation during one shifts

-0.15

Ground Vibrations Blasting Operations 1 Impulsive ground vibrations Adverse 1.0

Instantaneous blasting Two times in a day (during afternoon & Evening), confined within the safety zone

-1.00

Hydrogeology and Drainage pattern

Excavation of limestone 1

May change hydrology and drainage pattern of the area

Adverse 1.0 Change in hydrology and drainage pattern

-1.00

Landuse and soil characteristics

Excavation of limestone 1

Impact due to opencast excavation

Adverse 0.4 Degradation of land but confined to only M.L area.

-0.40

Landuse and soil characteristics Disposal of solid waste 2

Land degradation due to disposal of solid wastes

Adverse 0.1

Solid waste in the form of waste generated in initial stage of mining

-0.10


Transportation & crushing operation 3 Impact due to settling of air borne

dust Adverse 0.2

Operation shall be batch operation for one shifts in a day

-0.20


Plantation & agricultural yield

4 Impact due to clearing of existing plantation in the mining area Adverse 0.3

No vegetative cover in premitigative stage

-0.2





Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Fauna Mining & crushing operations

1 Affects wild life through air & noise pollution

Adverse 0.8

All operations are opencast hence significant impact is observed but confined to only M.L area

-1.0

Fauna Transportation 2 Adverse effect due to air and noise pollution by movement of vehicular traffic

Adverse 0.2 Vehicular traffic is mainly confined to domestic purpose

-0.10

Flora Mining & crushing operations

1

Impact due to air noise pollution and loss of existing flora

Adverse 0.8

All operations are opencast hence impact is observed but confined to only M.L area

-1.0

Flora Transportation 2 Adverse impact of dust emissions due to movement of vehicular traffic

Adverse 0.2 Vehicular traffic is mainly confined to domestic purpose

-0.10

Health Mining & crushing operations

1

Deteriorates workers health due to air & noise pollution, accidents & injuries

Adverse 0.5

The maximum importance is given to interaction 1 as the workers are exposed to high levels of noise & air pollutants

-0.5

Health Transportation 2 Deteriorates health due to air & noise pollution

Adverse 0.3 Mainly confined to the domestic purposes -0.15

Health Provision of civic amenities 3

Affects health through disposal of sewage on open land which causes mosquito nuisance water borne diseases

Adverse 0.1

Small quantity of sewage is being generated.

-0.05

Health Plantation 4

During mining development stage the plantation exist in the area shall be removed as it improves the health of inhabitants by acting as a barrier to air & noise pollution, uptake of liquid waste disposed on land and imparts pleasant atmosphere

Adverse 0.1 No plantation in the premitigative stage

-0.05





Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Socio-economic aspects

Mining & crushing operations

1

Increased employment opportunities both direct and indirect thereby increasing economic status of people

Beneficial 0.5 Has a moderate potential 0.50


Colony & civic amenities 2

Increased employment opportunities both direct and indirect

Beneficial 0.1 Has less significant potential

0.10

Socio-economic aspects Transportation 3

Increased employment opportunities (mostly indirect employment) and there by increase in the economic status

Beneficial 0.1 Has less significant potential

0.10


Land acquisition for mine site 4 Loss of land Adverse 0.3

Activities confined to small Area

-0.30



Table 5.8 Potential Impact Identification Matrix (With Environment management Plan i.e. with Mitigative Measures) Environmental Components


Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Air quality Blasting 1 Dust & gases (NOX) are produced after blasting. High SPM is observed during these operations

Adverse Dilution of impacts

0.10 0.10

By optimization of blasting Operation and development of green belt Shall reduce Impacts

-0.05

Air quality Loading /Unloading and transportation within the M.L area

2 Causes dust nuisance as well as NOX pollution due to vehicular emissions


0.2 0.15

By using dust preventive and suppression measures shall reduce impacts

-0.10

Air quality Limestone Crushing

3 Dust raised during crushing operations


0.1 0.1

Impacts shall be reduced by providing sprinkling

-0.05

Air quality Stockpiling of crushed limestone and disposal of solid waste

4 Increase in SPM level Adverse Dilution of impacts

0.15 0.05

Provision of green belt around the site shall reduce the impacts

-0.10

Water resources

Water required for mine(dust suppression, .domestic supply and green belt)and Colony

1 Impact due to continuous drawing of water

Adverse 0.4 Insignificant resource utilisation

-0.4

Water resources Wastewater generated from workshop,domes tic usages from the mine

2 Deterioration in soil and ground water quality when discharged untreated water in soak pit


0.1 0.2

Treated effluent shall meet the statutory requirement for discharged in soak pit

-0.1

Water resources Domestic waste water generated from colony

3 Deterioration in soil and ground water quality when discharged untreated water in soak pit


0.1 0.2

Treated effluent shall meet the statutory requirement discharged in soak pit

-0.1

Noise levels Blasting

1 High impulsive noise levels


0.2 0.1

By optimising blasting operation and adopting noise preventive measures shall reduce impacts

-0.10





Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Noise levels Machine operation (including crusher operation)

2 Increase the noise levels Adverse Dilution of impacts

0.05 0.35

By adopting noise preventive measures impacts shall be reduced

-0.05

Noise levels Transportation

3 Increase in noise levels Adverse Dilution of impacts

0.1 0.2

By adopting noise preventive measures impacts shall be reduced

-0.05

Ground Vibrations Blasting operation

1 Impulsive ground vibrations


0.2 0.8

By optimising blasting technique and provision of green belt

-0.1

Hydrology and drainage

Excavation of limestone

1 May change hydrology and drainage pattern of the area

Adverse Dilution

0.7 0.3

Avoiding mining in sensitive areas and optimising blasting

-1.0


Excavation of limestone

1 Impact due to open cast excavation

Adverse Dilution

0.1 0.3

Short term reversible impacts only

-0.1


Disposal of solid waste

2 Landuse degradation due to disposal of solid waste

Adverse Dilution

0.0 0.1

Solid waste generated in the initial stage of mining only

0.0


Transpotation & Crushing operation

3 Impacts due to settling of air borne dust


0.1 0.1

By adopting dust suppression measures

-0.1


Plantation

4 Beneficial effect on land as it improves aesthetics

Beneficial Dilution

0.0 0.3

By adoption of dense afforestation programme

0.0

Fauna Mining & crushing operations

1 Short term reversible impacts only


0.3 0.5

By adopting pollution control measures

-0.15

Fauna Transportation 2 Short term reversible impacts only


0.1 0.1


-0.05

Flora Mining & Crushing operations

1 Short term reversible impacts only


0.3 0.5


-0.15





Adverse/ Beneficial

RPII Values


Flora Transportation 2 Adverse impact of dust emissions due to vehicular traffic


0.1 0.1


-0.05

Health Mining & crushing operations

1 Deteriorates workers health due to air & noise pollution, accidents & injuries


0.3 0.2

Adoption of effective pollution control measures

-0.15

Health Transportation 2 Deteriorates health due to air & noise pollution


0.2 0.1

By adopting effective pollution control measures

-0.1

Health Provision of civic amenities

3 Affects health through disposal of sewage on open land which causes mosquito nuisance water borne diseases


0.0 0.1


0.0

Health Plantation 4 Greenbelt development shall have positive impact


0.0 0.1


0.0


Mining & crushing operations

1 Long term impacts Beneficial 0.5 Increased employment opportunities both direct and indirect thereby increasing economic status of people

0.5


Colony & civic amenities

2 Long term moderate impacts

Beneficial 0.10 Increased employment opportunities (mostly indirect employment) and thereby increase in the economic status

0.20


Transport 3 Increased employment both by direct & indirect ways. Employment in commercial services, improved economic status of people

Beneficial 0.1 Employment is restricted to limited persons

0.10


Land acquisition for mine site

4 Loss of land No Impact Dilution

0.0 0.3

Adequate compensation will be paid

0.00



5.4.4 Weighted Environmental Impact Index (WEII) It is necessary to establish RPII and EII in order to arrive at WEII. The WEII is determined by multiplying RPII and EII of the corresponding interactions

[WEII]A=Interaction = [RPII]A=Interaction x [EII]A=Interaction

5.5 POTENTIAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION WITHOUT MITIGATIVE

MEASURES

After arriving at WEII and PIV values as described above, the environmental impact matrix incorporating all the environmental components and project activities (without mitigative measures) are presented in Table 5.9.

Table 5.9 Impact Matrix Without Mitigative Measures

Impact Area WEII (RPII x EII) PIV Total

(WEII x PIV) Air quality -0.165 133.33 -21.99 Water resources -0.34 133.33 -45.33 Noise level -0.19 66.67 -12.66 Ground vibrations -1.0 33.33 -33.33 Hydrogeology and drainage -1.0 166.67 -166.67

Landuse and soil characteristics -0.3 100.00 -30.00

Fauna -0.82 66.67 -54.66 Flora -0.82 133.33 -109.33 Health -0.305 66.67 -20.33 Socio-economic 0.36 100.00 36.00 Total -453.3

The impact is calculated by multiplying the sum of all WEIIs against each environmental component by its corresponding PIV. Total impact score is calculated by adding all individual impact scores. The total impact score is assessed by using the following relative scale:

Upto -200 No significant impact on environment -200 to –400 Significant but reversible impact; Appropriate control measures are

important. -400 to -600 Significant and mostly reversible in short term;

mitigation measures crucial. -600 to -800 Major impact mostly irreversible. -800 to –1000 Permanent irreversible impact.

5.6 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS

The total impact score is –453.3. This indicates that in the overall consideration, Significant and mostly reversible impact in short term of the project. Mitigation measures are crucial to mitigate the impact. The predominantly affected environmental attributes are air quality, Noise levels hydrogeology, land use and soil characteristics and health.



5.7 POTENTIAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION WITH MITIGATIVE

MEASURES

Components such as PIV, RPII, EII, WEII and sum of the above are arrived at and the same are shown in Tables 5.10.

Table 5.10 Impact Matrix with Mitigative Measures

Impact Area WEII (RPII x EII) PIV Total

(WEII x PIV) Air quality -0.045 133.33 -5.99 Water resources -0.18 133.33 -23.99 Noise level -0.0275 66.67 -1.83 Ground vibrations -0.02 33.33 -0.666 Hydrogeology and drainage -0.7 166.67 -116.67

Landuse and soil characteristics -0.02 100.00 -2.0

Fauna -0.05 66.67 -3.33 Flora -0.05 133.33 -6.6 Health -0.065 66.67 -4.33 Socio-economic 0.27 100.00 27.00 Total 1000.00 -138.406

It is observed that the total score which was originally –453.3 (without mitigative measures) has improved to –138.406 (with mitigative measures).

5.8 RESIDUAL IMPACT IDENTIFICATION

As discussed earlier, the negative score of –453.3 at pre-mitigative stage indicates, significant and mostly reversible impact in short term of the project. Mitigation measures are crucial to mitigate the impact (-138.406). Thus, mitigative measures and strict adherence to EMP assumes greater importance. various control measures such as afforestation programme, land reclamation, dust suppression measures etc. have been proposed for mitigating the adverse impacts. With regular monitoring of implementation of the suggested environmental management measures, it is expected that environmental quality of various affected parameters would be controlled to a great extent and it will be possible to maintain the ecological setting of the region.

Rapid – EIA Study Environmental Management Plan


CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1 INTRODUCTION

It has been envisaged that the study area will not be adversely affected significantly and impacts will be confined to the proposed expansion of mining site.

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner. EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out taking appropriate mitigative actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts.

6.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Mitigative measures suggested for air pollution controls are based on the baseline ambient air quality of the area. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable ambient air quality in the region, it is desirable that air quality is monitored on a regular basis to check compliance of standards as prescribed by CPCB. In case of non-compliance, appropriate mitigative measures need to be checked. As per the results of ambient air quality monitoring data, the background concentrations of SPM, RSPM, SO2, CO and NOX are within the stipulated CPCB standards for all of the samples. The proposed expansion of mining operations and related activities are expected to add to the levels of air borne particulate mainly during daytime. The addition of gaseous pollutants due to the proposed expansion of mining activities is expected to be relatively low.

6.2.1 Controlling Dust Level Dust would be generated during blasting, mining, crushing operations, and also during handling and transportation of the material. The suggested control measures are:

Mines Dust suppression systems (water spraying) to be adopted at:

• Faces/sites before and after blasting,

• Faces/sites while loading; and

• Dust extraction systems to be used in drill machines; and

• Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes and drills with water flushing systems (wet drilling) to reduce dust generation.



• Dense plantation of specific more efficient dust collector species

Stock-pile

• Mist sprays to be provided at appropriate places for preventing dust pollution during handling and stockpiling of limestone; and

• OB waste dumps shall be sprayed with water, as they are the major source of air borne particulate matter/dust.

Haulage

• Trucks will be covered with tarpaulin and over filling of tippers will be strictly avoided

• Maintenance of haulage road on regular basis

• Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of limestone and waste by water sprinklers;

• Transfer points for transporting limestone to be provided with appropriate hoods/chutes to prevent dust emissions; and

• Dumping of limestone and waste should from an optimum height (preferably not too high) so as to reduce the dust blow.

Crusher • Water sprinkling system to be provided to check any fugitive

emissions from the crushing operation.

• Installation of a dust collector at crusher

6.2.2 Controlling CO Levels The concentration of CO in the ambient air is found to be below permissible levels at all the air quality monitoring locations. Expected increase in the CO concentration is very low as CO emissions from mining operations are less as compared to other pollutants. Heavy and light vehicles are the major sources of CO in the mine. All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for pollutants concentration.

6.2.3 Controlling NOX Levels NOX emissions in the mine mainly occur during blasting operations. The main reasons for NOX emissions are:

• Poor quality of explosives having large oxygen imbalance. This may be due to:

• Manufacturing defect; and

• Use of expired explosives in which ingredients have disintegrated.



• Incomplete detonation, which may be due to low Primer to Column ratio. To ensure low NOX levels following control measures would be adopted:

• Use of good quality explosives having proper oxygen balance with regular monitoring

• Regular updating of the date of manufacture/expiry to avoid confusions. A normal procedure should be formulated to check/visually inspect all explosives, and if disintegrated ingredients are spotted, the explosives won't be used, even if the date has not expired; and

• The Primer to Column ratio would be rationalised so as to produce minimum NOX.

6.2.4 Green Belt Even with the various dust suppression measures in place, dust generated from mine faces, fine dust produced during blasting operations are difficult to control. Therefore, in addition to the above mitigative measures, it is proposed to have dense green belt in and around the mine site, crushing, loading and unloading facilities, mine colony and in abandoned mine area during reclamation process.

It is expected that plants with 10, 20 and 30 m height can reduce dust pollution by 50, 70 and 80% respectively. A combination of these would be planted depending on the requirements and the extent of the problem.

6.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety Measures to Control Dust Inhalation All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at the strategic locations/dust generation points like drills, loading and unloading points, crushing etc., dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RSPM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Regular health monitoring of workers should be carried out by MML

6.3 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL

The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the mines shows that the ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB.

Within an operational mine, major noise sources are operation of mine machineries and equipment, blasting, crushing units. Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or continuous periods, with low to high decibels.

To keep noise generation in control, latest sophisticated technology and equipment have been considered. Drills, loaders, dumpers etc with larger capacities should be acquired to reduce the number of operational units at a time, thereby reducing the noise generating sources.



The equipment systems will include cabins to ensure that the operators and other work persons, in and around the operating equipment, have comfortable work stations. To keep the ambient noise levels within the permissible limits of 75 dB(A), the following measures should be adopted:

• Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emissions like improved silencers, mufflers and closed noise generating parts;

• Procurement of drill, loaders and dumpers and other equipment with noise proof system in operator's cabin;

• Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in soundproof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas;

• Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles and belt conveyors, to maintain the noise levels;

• Blasting operations to be carried out only during daytime so as to avoid high noise intensity in night time;

• Siting of mine colony, buildings and other infrastructure away from the noise sources with the probability of sound waves being directed towards them being least;

• Provision should be made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating equipment to reduce noise emissions; and

• Thick green belt should be provided at the mine periphery, within the mine lease area along the roads and all around the working areas, to screen the noise

6.3.1 Occupational Health and Safety Measures to Control Exposure to Noise To protect the workers from exposure to high levels of noise, following measures would be adopted:

• Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to workers who cannot be isolated from the source of high intensity noise, e.g. blasting;

• Confining the noise by isolating the source of noise as discussed above; and reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by shift management.

6.4 CONTROL OF GROUND VIBRATIONS & FLY ROCKS BOULDER

General measures to reduce ground vibration & flyrocks resulting from blasting are given below:



• Peak particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and residential buildings should be well within 12.5 mm/sec;

• To contain fly rocks, stemming column should not be less than the burden of the hole, and the blasting area should be muffled;

• Short delay detonators should preferably be used in blasting rounds rather than detonating fuse as trunk line;

• Detonating fuse, if used, should be covered at least with 150 mm thick cover of sand or drill cuttings.;

• Blasting should be carried out in the daytime, as during the night time the sound intensity becomes higher;

• Blasting should not be carried out when strong winds are blowing towards the inhabited areas;

• Each blast should be carefully planned, checked, and executed under the supervision of a responsible officer. Blasting data/observations should be recorded

6.5 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

6.5.1 Water Resources The daily water requirement for the mine operations would be approximately 67 m3/day (59 m3/day for mine area and 8 m3/day for the Colony). The water for mine area and colony is to be sourced from the one borewell outside the mining lease area and stored in an water- tank provided at each of the locations.

The generation of domestic wastewater from the colony will be approximately 6.4 m3/day, which will be treated in the septic tanks. The treated domestic wastewater will be discharged in soak pit.

6.5.2 Water Management Following measures will be adopted to mitigate the impact on the water resources:

• The blasting activities will have to take care on the sinkholes, cracks and fissures in the site activities.

• During excavation and drilling activities effort must be taken to avoid face collapse at these cracks and fissures.

• To prevent surface water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers shall be used for storage and transportation of oil/grease. The floors of oil/grease handling area will be kept effectively impervious.



To prevent degradation and maintain the water quality during rainy season, adequate control measures should be adopted to check the mine run-off into the natural streams. Following control measures are proposed to be adopted

Catchment Area Treatment Plan A catchment area treatment plan has been developed keeping in mind the results of the hydrology/ hydrogeology study as well as the climate data. As there are no perennial water sources running on or through the site, the mine water discharge is limited to the monsoon season only. To keep water from entering the mine during this period, a series of independent and un-linked garland drains will be developed along the mine’s top bench, which will bend to guide the water to the natural nullah drain which flows only during rainy season. Bunds will also be provided. In order to prevent infiltration downwards, blasted materials will be distributed and compacted on the platforms as they progress and appropriate drains will be provided.

In terms of water quality, good mining practices planned, as well as the natural state of surrounding areas, should ensure that rain water run-off from the mine does not contain any toxic elements. As the site has no overburden or excess clay, potential discharge of sediments is quite limited and any residual clay or limestone particles which are washed down will be captured by a sump located at the lowest bench. The sump will be cleaned regularly and discharge water monitored consistently. If required, based on monitoring, an additional catch pit can be located at the main garland drain.

Three Check dams are constructed across the nullah of appropriate size to arrest silt and sediment flows from soil and mineral dumps. The water collected should be utilised for watering the mine area, roads, green belt development etc. The drain should be regularly desilted and maintained.

The surface water around the mine, crushing/loading plant and infrastructure will be regularly tested and appropriate control measures adopted in case of any pollutant is detected above the prescribed limits.

6.6 LAND MANAGEMENT

Land degradation is one of the major adverse impacts of opencast mining in the form of excavated voids and also in the form of waste dumps. Land reclamation plan must, therefore, be implemented simultaneously with the mining activities.

6.6.1 Land Reclamation One of the requirement of MMRD Act, 1957 is to ensure simultaneous reclamation of land along with other mining operations.



The first step in a successful reclamation programme is to decide the post reclamation land use. In this case it is considered appropriate to convert the most of land as water ponds and remaining land for plantation, keeping in view the following:

• Bagalkote districts receives the lowest rainfall annually in Karnataka

• The climate of area is warm and dry through out the year and rainfall is scare.

• The area is devoid of large canopy tree vegetation

The area affected by mining operations will be back filled by waste material from the dumps. Still some voids will remain. Plantation will be undertaken in the leasehold area, on waste dumps and vacant lands.

The degraded land due to various mining operations within the lease area need restoration or reclamation by taking up suitable management methods as spelt out below. The following measures are suggested for brining back the lease area to near original or better land use.

• Green belt

• Areas to be dumped

• Reclamation of mined out areas. Green belt: Planting a suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and also have good leaf density shall be adopted to develop the green belt. It will act like a buffer to trap the airborne dust and also reduce the noise levels. From the aesthetic point of view also, this will have a positive impact. In the mining project it is proposed to develop a green belt over an extent of 8.85 ha. of the mining lease area. The green belt shall be developed in consultation with the local forest authorities for selection of site, specific species, seedling management, and plantation techniques and to up keep by deweeding, manuring and regular watering.

Area to be dumped temporarily: During initial stages of mining, some quantity of waste are dumped in the mining lease area. This pure waste is accommodated in the dumping area of 7.50 ha. allotted for this purpose in a bench like manner in an ascending order. This helps in the lower slice being consolidated and stabilized using retention wall, concurrent to mining the slopes are afforested using grass and ageva.

Reclamation of Mined out Areas: The mineral bearing area will be mined out up to ultimate depth by maintaining proper bench height and width As a result of mining, an area of 30.00 ha. earmarked for excavation, a large sized pit shall be formed. After



completion of mining operation about 9.00 ha. mined out area will be afforested after proper reclamation and remaining 21 ha will be used as a water pond for recharging of ground water. The benches shall be afforested with local grass and plants. All along the edge of the pit fencing shall be made and afforested with good root bearing species.

The reclamation of remaining land will be taken only after exhaust of ore. The reclamation measures proposed will be back filling in a phased programme wherever it is necessary. The deep pits after completion of mining which could serve as a water ponds, will not be considered for back filling and will be left as it is after taking necessary land scaping and providing protective measures in the aspect of safety. The stage wise reclamation / afforestation plan is given in Table 6.1. The post reclamation land use is given in Table 6.2

Table 6.1 : Stagewise Reclamation/Afforestation plan Sr. No. Particulars Proposed for

Total area in

ha.

2006-09 5 th Year

10 th Year

15 th Year

End of Mine Life

1 Area for excavation -- 1 1 1 27 30.00

2 Overburden / Dumps 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 6.7 7.50

3 Mineral storage, including sub- Grade ore stack

-- -- -- 0.5 3.5 4.00

4

Infrastructure (Workshop, Administrative bldg)

-- -- -- -- 2.00 2.00

5 Roads -- -- -- -- 3.00 3.00 6 Green Belt 2.60 0.6 0.6 0.6 4.45 8.85

7 Crushing Plant &Screening Plant

-- -- -- -- 3.00 3.00

8 Area Unutililised -- -- -- -- -- 6.00

9 Total 2.80 1.8 1.80 2.30 49.65 64.35



Table 6.2 Conceptual landuse plan (Post mining) Sr. No. Purpose Water

pond Infrastructure Afforestation Roads Others

Total area in ha.

1 Area for excavation 21 -- 9 -- -- 30.00

2 Overburden / Dumps -- -- 7.50 -- -- 7.50

3

Mineral storage, including sub- Grade ore stack

-- -- 4.00 -- -- 4.00

4

Infrastructure (Workshop, Administrative bldg)

-- 2.00 -- -- -- 2.00

5 Roads -- -- -- 3.0 -- 3.0 6 Green Belt -- -- 8.85 -- -- 8.85

7 Crushing Plant &Screening Plant

-- -- 3.0 -- -- 3.0

8 Area Unutililised 6.00 6.00

9 TOTAL 21 2.00 32.35 3.0 6.00 64.35

6.6.2 Top Soil Management During the remaining 3 years of proposed plan period of 5 years the generation of top soil will be 3000 m3 (5400 tonnes) This will be stored in a top soil preservation yard selected near the dump site over an area of 0.40 ha. This top soil will be utilized for agriculture purposes, by adjacent pattaland owners and remaining soil will be stacked in stock yard.

To prevent wash off of dumps during rainy seasons following measures shall be adopted

• The top soil/waste dump will be protected by construction of retaining wall all along the toe of the dump.



Figure 6.1: Conceptual Post Mining Land Use Plan

6.7 AFFORESTATION PLAN

The Afforestation (Restoration) plan has been prepared keeping in view the land use changes that will occur due to mining operation in the area.

The objectives of the restoration plan are to:

• Reclaim the mined out areas by planting trees which are indigenous in nature;

• Provide a green belt around the periphery of the mining area to combat the dispersal of dust in the adjoining areas;



• Protect the erosion of the soil;

• Conserve moisture for increasing ground water recharging;

• Restore the ecology of the area;

• Restore aesthetic beauty of the locality; and

• Meet the requirement of fodder, fuel and timber of the local community.

6.7.1 Afforestation Already Carried Out As per the approved mining plan it was proposed to plant 1250 species of plant sapling during the 5 years plan period. Against this 2000 saplings covering an area of 2.00 ha. afforestation carried out in the area for the 2 years period. However again it is proposed to take up afforestation during next 3 years. The details of afforestation are given in Table 6.3

Table 6.3: Afforestation Already Carried Out

Sr. No. Year Area No. of Species Type of Species

1 2004-2005 1 1000 2 2005-2006 1 1000 3 2 Year 2.0 2000

Neem, Tamarind and other fruit bearing species

6.7.2 Afforestation Proposed It is proposed to take up afforestation during next 3 years. (2006-07 to 2008-2009). The details are given in Table 6.4

Table 6.4: Afforestation Proposed

Sr. No. Year Area No. of Species Type of Species

1 2006-2007 0.20 400 2 2007-2008 0.20 400 3 2008-2009 0.20 400 4 3 Year 0.60 1200

Neem, Tamarind and other fruit bearing species

6.7.3 Stage Wise Cumulative Plantation The details of stage wise cumulative plantation plan is given in Table 6.5



Table 6.5 Stage Wise Cumulative Plantation

Sr. No. Year

Unworked area green

belt

Plantation Outside dumps

Plantation over dumps

Plantation Along Road

Side

Others(After Reclaman

ation)

Total

Area (ha.) Trees Area

(ha.) Trees Area (ha.) Trees Area

(ha.) Trees Area (ha.) Trees

2006-09 1 2006-07 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.20 400 -- -- 0.20 400 2 2007-08 0.20 400 -- -- 0.10 200 -- -- -- -- 0.30 600 3 2008-09 0.10 200 0.10 200 0.10 200 -- -- 0.30 600

1st fifth year

4 2009-10 -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 -- -- 0.10 200 5 2010-11 -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 0.10 200 -- -- 0.20 400 6 2011-12 -- -- 0.10 200 0.10 200 -- -- -- -- 0.20 400 7 2012-13 0.10 200 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 8 2013-14 0.20 400 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.20 400

2st fifth year

9 2014-15 -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 -- -- 0.10 200 10 2015-16 -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 0.10 200 -- -- 0.20 400 11 2016-17 -- -- 0.10 200 0.10 200 -- -- -- -- 0.20 400 12 2017-18 0.10 200 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.10 200 13 2018-19 0.20 400 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.20 400

3rd fifth year 0.2 400 0.2 400 0.2 400 0.2 400 -- -- 0.8 1600

15 End of mine 4.45 8,900 3.00 6,000 6.7 13,400 3.00 6,000 10.0 20,000 27.15 54,300

16 Total 5.55 11,100 3.5 7,000 7.5 15,000 3.8 7,600 10.0 20,000 30.35 60,700

6.8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

The generation of waste during the course of mining will be 2.36 million tonnes. The overburden will be transported to the dump yard located away from the workings. The area selected for dump yard is around 7.50 hectares is sufficient to accommodate the waste generated during the course of mine.

The waste dumps will be built in bench systems starting from downwards in an ascending manner. This helps in forming terraces. Each dump will have a height of 20 m with a slope of 28°. This waste dump will be protected by way of construction of retention wall all along the toe of the dump to prevent wash offs during rainy seasons.

Domestic solid wastes includes kitchen waste, plastic packets, sanitary napkins, vegetable residuals, fish scales/ bones etc. from the proposed mine site colony. The colony will contain approximately 14 families. Considering 5 persons per family and each person will generate 0.5 kg of solid waste per day, i.e. 2.5 kg per family per day. This will result in generation of 35 kg solid



waste per day. This solid waste will be disposed off through local municipality.

The Environment and Management plan is given in Figure 6.2.

The Waste Dump Management Plan for the end of mining is shown in Figure 6.3 and the sections are shown in Figure 6.4.

6.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & HYGIENE

In order to assess the health and hygiene, the following tests will be conducted once in 5 years by the organization at Chikkashellikere Limestone Mine.

Blood, Urine, Chest X-Ray , PET, Lung Function Test, ECG, Audiometry, ENT



Figure 6.2: Environment Management Plan

SEASONAL NULLAH

TO VILLAGE

TO VILLAGE

0 20 40 60 80 100m

Scale:

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title: Environment Management PlanPlate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.


CONTOUR PLAN

ROADS

PRIVATE AREA

RETENTION WALL

M. L. BOUNDARY

LEGEND


60 m BOUNDARY

500 m BOUNDARY

PROPOSED DUMP YARD

ALREADY AFFORESTATION

PROPOSED AFFORESTATION

N



Figure 6.3: Waste Management Plan for end of mining

SEASONAL NULLAH

535.920

TO VILLAGE

TO VILLAGE

528.888

541.128

533.078

PIT NO. 3

540.630539

542.128

PIT NO. 2

533.640

543.

450

PIT NO. 1

526.298

539.288

533.000

537.338

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title: Dump Management PlanPlate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.


0 20 40 60 80 100m

Scale:

N

548

545

542

539

542

545

548

545

542

539

CONTOUR PLAN

ROADS

EXISTING DUMPS

M. L. BOUNDARY

SECTION LINE

LEGEND


PROPOSED DUMPS

RETENTION WALL

WORKINGS

L1 L1'

L2 L2'

X1

X1'



Figure 6.4: Sections of Waste Management Plan

SECTION L1 - L1'510

530

550

570

590

610

SECTION L2 - L2'510

530

550

570

590

610

SECTION X1 - X1'510

530

550

570

590

610

ORIGINAL PROFILE

ORIGINAL PROFILE

ORIGINAL PROFILE

ORIGIONAL PROFILE

PROPOSED DUMP YARD

LEGEND

Client Name: M/S. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED. Name of Mine: Chikkashellikeri Limestone MinesSheet Title:Conceptual Sections of Dump Management Plate No: Scale:Consultant Name: NETEL (INDIA) LTD.




6.10 PROPOSED SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

Apart from the various environmental protection measures, the company is conscious of its social responsibility and as any good corporate citizen, it is undertaking the following works in the surrounding areas of the mine.

• Participating in the “Ashraya Yojana Scheme” of Taluk Panchayat by leveling the ground to build houses for economically weaker sections of the society.(Rs. 1 lakhs)

• Health camps arrangement and distribution of medicines freely (Rs. 1 lakhs)

• Construction of kitchens at Anganwadi schools of the nearby villages to help in the hygienic preparation of food for mid-day meals scheme (Rs. 1 lakhs)

• Supply of sports goods / sponsoring of painting works to schools of the surrounding villages (Rs. 0.50 lakhs)

• Supporting Cultural Programs, Health Care Camps, Annual Festivals organized by villagers (Rs. 0.50 lakhs)

• Maintenance of Temples in the surrounding villages (Rs. 0.50 lakhs).

The total expenditure for social development is works out to be 4.5 lakhs

6.11 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL & MONITORING PROGRAMME

For successful implementation of an EMP, it is important that an effective environmental monitoring cell should be set up whose role would be to check the efficiency of the organisational set up responsible for implementation of EMP. The organisational and institutional structure of the proposed Environmental Management Cell is described below.

6.11.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) A Cell for Environmental Management within MML at the project level, will take the overall responsibility for co-ordination of the actions required for environmental management and mitigation, and for monitoring the progress of the proposed management plans and actions to be taken for the project. The Cell will be headed by a qualified environmental engineer and the other members of the cell that will include a Geologist, Mine Manager, Assistant Manager. The cell will report to CEO of organization directly for regular compliances.

The EMC will prepare a formal report on environmental management at six-monthly intervals. Reports on any urgent or significant issues may be prepared



at shorter intervals. Apart from responsibilities listed above, the EMC will have the responsibility of the following:

• Collection of water and air samples within and outside the work zone;

• Analysing the water and air samples;

• Implementation of the control and protective measures;

• Land reclamation and vegetation;

• Co-ordination of the environment related activities within MML

• Collection of the statistics of health of workers;

• Green belt development including nursery management;

• Awareness and implementing safety programmes; and

• Monitor the progress of implementation of EMP.

6.11.2 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters The purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse affects are detected and timely action can be taken.

A suggested monitoring protocol, based on the predicted impacts, is given in Table 6.6.



Table 6.6: Suggested Monitoring Program Sr. No.

Environmental attribute

Locations Parameters Period and Frequency

1. Ambient Air Quality

In each active mining field One at centre One Upwind & One downwind location

Criteria Pollutants: SO2, NOX, SPM, PM10, CO

One sample over 24 hours continuous duration, twice in a week throughout the year. .

2. Surface and Ground water Quality

In the vicinity of the mine area

Drinking water parameters as per IS 10500.

Once in the three month

3. Ambient Noise Level

Mining Site dB(A) levels Hourly day and night time Leq dB(A) levels every quarter

4. Treated sewage water quality

Septic Tank Outlet Parameters pH, TSS, TDS, COD, BOD and Oil and Grease.

Twice a week for selected parameter

5 Soil quality Reclaimed areas and adjoining villages

Organic matter, C, H, N, Alkalinity, Acidity, heavy metals and trace metal. Alkalinity, Acidity.

Once a year

6 Inventory of flora

Project monitoring area

Once a year

7 Socio-economic condition of local population

Nearby areas of mining site

Physical Survey Once in two year

For effective implementation and mid-term corrective measures, if required, monitoring and control of programme implementation are essential.

For air, water and noise pollution control measures, it has been suggested that samples would be collected and tested all round the year with appropriate frequency at strategic places by suitable agencies. In case, it is found that any of the control parameters exceed the tolerance limit as fixed by the State/Central Pollution Control Board or any other statuary body, preventive measures will be taken and if required expert opinion will be sought for proper remedial measures.

EMC would be responsible for the three major functions such as impact analysis, environmental pollution control and monitoring.

6.11.3 Budget Provision for EMP It is necessary to include the environmental cost as a part of the budgetary cost component. It is proposed to take up protective measures like construction of check dams and retaining walls near the toes of the dumps. The haul roads both within the lease and outside the mining lease including roads leading to



the crushing plant are being watered and good drainage system would be maintained. The project authorities propose to undertake the following environmental works to achieve the environmental quality as desired.

Adequate budgetary provision has been made by the company for execution of Environmental Management Plan. The details of budget is given Table 6.7

Table 6.7: Budget for Environmental Protective Measures in Rs. Lakhs Capital cost Annual recurring cost

S. No. Existing Proposed Existing Proposed

1

Pollution Control Dust Collector Water Sprayer Garland Drains Check Dam Plantation on dumps Drains along Roads Green belt

development Retention wall

0.8 1.5 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.8

0.9

1.5 4.0 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0

1.3

0.16 0.3

0.12 0.18 0.1 0.1

0.16

0.18

0.3 1.0

0.22 0.32 0.3

0.24 0.2

0.26

Total 6.5 13.2 1.3 2.64 2 Pollution Monitoring 0.60 1.70 0.12 0.34 3 Social Development Work 1.50 4.5 0.3 0.9 3 Occupational Health 0.45 2.25 0.09 0.45 4 Community Development 0.75 1.50 0.15 0.3

5 Reclamation / Rehabilitation of mined out area

Dozer 0.60 2.0 0.12 0.4

6 Others (specify)

EIA/EMP Studies

-- 6.0 -- 1.2

Grand Total 10.4 31.15 2.08 6.23

Rapid – EIA Study Disaster Management Plan


CHAPTER 7

DISASTERS MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 DEFINITION

In a open cast mines chances of accidents due to fall of overburden, side collapses, failure of machineries/ vehicles are some of the causes which derail the normal activities in the mines resulting in manday’s and financial losses to the management. These losses vary from place to place, nature, intensity of the accidents, personal /machinery/involved. In case of this area the incidence is expected to be minimum as the working will be only by open cast manual method.

The disasters management is one area where it is necessary for the management to take charges of situation to avoid the losses and its effects to the maximum

7.2 SCOPE

In a mining organization the disaster as explained above may be due to human failure, machinery failure, and natural calamities. All these result in reducing the efficiency of the organization. The scope of this is to take proper steps to reduce the impact due to disasters caused by any of the above reason and bring back the operations to the normal position.

The mining operation shall be carried out under the management control and direction of a qualified mines manager holding a first class manager’s certificate of competency to manage a metalluferous mine granted by Director of Mines Safety (DMS), Margoa DMS/ have been issuing a number of standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mine management in case of disaster, if any.

7.3 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDS

Following natural/ industrial hazards may occur during normal operation:

• Slope failure at the mine faces;

• Accident due to explosives;

• Accident due to heavy equipment/machinery;

• Sabotage in case of magazine; and

• Accidents due to fly rocks and boulders.



7.4 CONTROL MEASURES FOR HAZARDS/DISASTERS

In order to take care of above hazards/disasters, the following control shall be adopted:

• Entry of unauthorised persons shall be prohibited;

• Fire fighting and first aid provisions in the mines office complex and mining Area;

• Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boots, helmets, goggles etc. would be made available to the employees and regular check to ensure the use;

• Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in the hazardous premises;

• Working of mine as per approved plan, related amendments and other regulatory provisions;

• Cleaning of mine faces shall be done regularly;

• Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be carried out by competent persons only;

• Provision of magazine at safe place with fencing and necessary security arrangement;

• Suppression of dust on the haulage roads;

• Awareness of safety and disaster through competitions, posters and other similar drives;

7.5 ONSITE EMERGENCY PLAN

Mysore Minerals Ltd. has been prepared on site emergency plan to control the disasters /risk. The details of this is given below

Mining Process method. The benches of 5 m height and 10 m width will be maintained. The bench slope is maintain at 60° to the horizontal to maintain the stability. The overburden and ore removed is transported to their respective stock yard.

Control Room Manager office is located 0.25 km from the site Mine In charge Mines Manager/Mine Foreman Account for personnel evaluation

Time keeper/ Mine mate

Training The pit In charge are given sufficient training in group vocational training center for the steps to be followed

Information to Govt. Offices

The manager on receipt of information from the pit in charge about the disasters shall inform the Govt. offices, relatives by either phone or special message at the earliest time.

Safety in Transportation The road leading to mine/disposal yard, stock yard shall be kept with a gradient of not more than 1/16 as per the provisions of the MMR



Fire Fighter in the plant Provisions have been made to keep portable fire extinguishes in the control room located near the working area

Safe storage of explosives

Presently the required explosives are brought from the magazine situated at Neralakere dolomite mines belongs to the company. The distance from magazine to mine is 25 kms the company has taken all precautions measures stipulated during transportation of explosives.

Implements Required for Repair

Mining Tools, Safety belts, Rope etc.

Special Duties When ever an accident/disasters takes place, the manager/pit incharge will arrange for barricading the location to avoid unwanted people entering in to the area

Relief and Rehabilitation Immediately after the accident/disaster the personal involved shall be taken to the nearest hospital and medical aid as required shall be given. Depending upon the nature of the injury the person shall be given rest/compensation as per the provisions of MMR and if possible to provide alternate employment to the persons involved in the accident

Address of the owner M/s. Mysore Minerals Ltd. No. 39, M. G. Road, Bangalore - 560001

Adress of the Manager Manager, M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited, Chikkashellikeri Limestone Mines Post: Chikkashellikeri Tal: Bagalkote Dist: Bagalkote

Maximum no of persons to be employed

92

Hazardous Material to be stored in premises at quantities

Nil

Hazardous operations Nil

Possible Hazards Side / Bench collapse, Break down Method used for identification

By observation

Nature of Identified Hazards

Side collapse and failure of machineries

Population in 5 km Radius

The villages with in 5 kms radius having the details of population collected as per census 2001 is as follows Chikkashellikere 1639 Hireshellikere 1912 Govinakoppa 1040 Kalaskoppa 589 Yandigere 1724 Karadigudda 553 Nirbhudihal 2077 Total 9534

List of adjacent industries

Except quarrying no other industries are located in the area

Normal Wind Direction NWW List of possible Accidents effect for which remain with in premises

Side collapse

List of possible Accidents effect for which may be felt

Failure of Vehicles



outside No of people likely to be affected

Maximum 2 to 3

Mechanisation by which the declarer come to know of accident

Pit incharge/ Mine foreman/ Mine mate

Identification of Control Room

Mine Manager Office

Facilities Available First Aid, Drinking Water, Telephone, Electricity, Stretcher, Etc. Whether workers are trained

YES

Arrangement for accounting personal

The attendance register maintained by the pit incharge gives the actual no of persons in the mine and the affected persons can be identified by head counting

Arrangement for treatment of injured workers

First Aid will be provided at the spot/ office and if necessary the patent shall be shifted to the nearest hospital located at Bagalkote about 25 km by company vehicle/ obtaining ambulance from the hospital depending upon the emergency.

Details of Hospital/ Clinic

Bagalkote, which is 25 kms from the site having Govt. Hospital and no. of private nursing homes/ clinics have excellent medical facilities are available

Arrangement to give information to relative / official

Immediately after the receipt of information from the pit and depending upon the extent of disaster, the manager will arrange to communicate the relatives/ officials concerned of both district and central Govt. by telephone / Telegram / Fax or through a special messanger

FOR NETEL (INDIA) LIMITED FOR MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED

Authorised Signatory Mr. H. Sanjeeve Gowda Asst. General Manager (Env)

FOR MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED

G. Selvakumar, IFS Executive Director

Rapid – EIA Study Annexures


ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE – I

MINE LEASE AREA NOTIFICATION



ANNEXURE – II

COPY OF APPROVAL OF MINING PLAN



ANNEXURE – III

PHOTOGRAPHS OF MINE AND ITS SURROUNDINGS Adjacent Road to Project Site

Mining Site



North Side View of Mining site

Approach Road to Mining Pit



ANNEXURE IV-A

Year wise and Month wise Minimum Temperature (0C) from 1991-2005

MONTH YEAR

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Avg

1991 15.2 16.1 19.7 22.6 22.9 22.1 21.2 20.9 21 20.7 17.7 14.3 19.5 1992 13 16.4 20.1 23.1 23.5 22.2 21.6 20.7 20.6 20.3 19.1 13.7 19.5 1993 13.1 15.2 19.7 22 22.2 21.7 21.1 20.3 20.1 19.9 17.7 13.6 18.9 1994 15 14.4 15.9 17.9 18.5 16.8 17 16.6 17.8 22.7 20.1 13.5 17.2 1995 15 17.5 20.7 23.4 23.5 24.1 22.5 21.1 21.7 21.3 17.5 15.5 20.3 1996 15.5 17.7 20.5 23.2 23.3 22.1 21.4 21.1 21.4 20.5 17.8 15.6 20 1997 15.3 14.7 19.7 21.5 23.3 22.3 21.9 21.2 21.3 21.2 20.1 xx 20.2 1998 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 1999 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2000 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2001 15.2 15.2 18.9 21.6 22.5 22.1 21 21.1 20.3 xx xx xx 19.8 2002 14.5 15.6 17 19.9 20.7 19.6 20 20 21 21.3 17.1 14.4 18.4 2003 15.5 17.8 21.4 23.2 24.1 23.9 23.2 22 21.6 21.1 18 15 20.6 2004 14.7 16.7 20.4 23.5 23.5 21.8 22 21.1 21.5 20.4 17.6 13.5 19.7 2005 15.7 16.4 18.9 22.4 23.5 23.4 22.6 21.7 21.4 20.8 16 14.1 19.7

Average 14.8 16.1 19.4 22 22.6 21.8 21.3 20.7 20.8 20.9 18.1 14.3 19.4 Note: XX - Data not available



Year wise and Month wise Maximum Temperature (0C) from 1991-2005

MONTH

YEAR Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Avg

1991 32.5 34.8 38.3 39.3 39.2 32.8 27.9 28.7 31.2 32 28.9 28.5 32.8 1992 29.4 32.3 37 38.8 38.8 32.2 31.3 28.9 31.2 30.5 29.2 27.7 32.3 1993 30 31.5 35.2 38.3 38.8 33 29.5 28.6 29.2 29.7 29.6 27.4 31.7 1994 29.4 31.9 36.7 36.5 39.8 30 28.2 28.1 30.8 29.8 28.3 27.9 31.4 1995 27.7 32.8 35.6 38 35.9 33 28.4 30 29.3 29.2 29.7 28.9 31.5 1996 30.3 32.3 37.1 38.7 39.3 32.2 29.4 28.4 29 28.2 29.3 27.1 31.8 1997 28.4 32.4 36.5 36.5 38.6 32.3 29.8 28.5 32.1 32 30.7 xx 32.5 1998 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 1999 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2000 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2001 27.3 31.1 32.3 33 36.8 31.5 31.5 32.1 30.9 xx xx xx 31.8 2002 29.2 29.9 31.7 35.6 36.6 32.2 31.3 31.2 31.5 30.8 29.4 28.7 31.5 2003 28.7 33 35 37.1 38.5 33.2 29.1 29.9 29.9 30.2 29.3 28.3 31.8 2004 29.2 31.3 36.1 37.2 32.8 30.9 29.1 28.3 29.3 29.5 29 27.9 30.9 2005 29.3 31.7 34.7 35 36.6 31 28.3 28.1 28.7 29.1 28.5 28.3 30.8

Average 29.3 32.1 35.5 37 37.6 32 29.5 29.2 30.3 30.1 29.3 28.1 31.7 Note: XX - Data not available



ANNEXURE IV-B

Monthly Average Relative Humidity (%) at 08:30 hrs. MONTH

YEAR Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Total

1991 69 68 67 73 75 80 81 83 80 75 74 72 74.8 1992 72 69 63 62 70 74 76 79 74 76 73 68 71.3 1993 67 56 61 63 71 76 76 79 79 76 67 66 69.8 1994 73 62 57 60 64 72 73 74 69 75 69 58 67.1 1995 73 68 64 68 73 80 81 78 80 79 65 70 73.2 1996 70 66 59 62 72 79 77 79 81 79 76 75 72.9 1997 73 70 65 69 74 76 75 74 73 73 71 xx 72.1 1998 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 1999 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2000 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2001 55 52 57 66 56 59 62 60 61 59 xx 47 57.6 2002 64 65 54 73 70 64 62 61 71 81 70 68 69.9 2003 66 61 58 74 74 77 79 82 80 80 71 70 72.7 2004 76 71 76 80 89 87 89 84 89 78 67 66 79.3 2005 64 58 73 65 83 80 84 81 81 80 61 59 72.4

Average 68.6 63.8 62.8 67.9 72.6 75.3 76.3 76.2 76.6 75.9 69.5 65.4 71 Note: XX - Data not available



Monthly Average Relative Humidity (%) at 17:30 hrs.

MONTH YEAR

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total

1991 40 33 40 49 51 65 76 74 61 56 52 42 53.3 1992 38 39 33 40 43 60 57 68 56 58 59 41 49.3 1993 44 33 42 38 41 58 68 67 63 60 54 50 51.5 1994 58 42 29 38 33 68 70 67 54 64 56 40 51.6 1995 54 50 41 44 52 66 74 61 69 66 53 48 56.6 1996 45 50 34 36 38 60 66 67 71 70 58 61 54.7 1997 51 41 40 45 43 63 68 72 58 59 54 xx 54 1998 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 1999 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2000 xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 2001 57 55 58 67 63 59 63 59 53 48 xx 52 57.6 2002 57 50 57 71 66 68 62 46 44 60 45 44 55.8 2003 43 35 34 55 41 58 67 72 73 55 45 49 52.3 2004 57 60 59 59 72 75 75 70 70 54 42 38 60.9 2005 40 34 48 37 38 66 73 67 66 68 43 37 51.4

Average 48.7 43.6 42.9 48.3 48.4 63.8 68.3 65.8 61.5 59.8 51 45.6 54 Note: XX - Data not available



ANNEXURE IV-C

Historical Data of Rainfall (in mm)

MONTH YEAR

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total

1991 0 0 5 60 50 233 29 89 47 90 5 0 608 1992 0 0 0 12 7 179 10.2 101 66 56 139 0 570.2 1993 0 0 5 25 115 43 31 66 65 348 24 62 784 1994 0 0 0 43 17 49 41 66 22 144 7 0 389 1995 14 0 0 32 61 64 98.3 43 203 129 0 0 644.3 1996 0 0 0 9 36 163 50 97 308 158 4 10 835 1997 4 0 0 11 25 143 38 30 139.2 xx xx 19 409.2 1998 0 xx 0 0 54.3 136.6 128 66.3 153.3 238.4 13 0 789.9 1999 0 9 0 0 105.8 60 60.2 68.3 82.3 227.3 0 0 612.9 2000 7 0 0 6 62.1 50 19 76.3 101 159.2 8 xx 488.6 2001 0 0 0 8.6 7.8 11.2 13 55 192.9 xx xx xx 288.5 2002 0 0 0 28 14 230.9 26.5 87 1 114.6 8.4 0 510.4 2003 0 0 0 42.4 0 11.3 48 32 5.2 74.2 5.2 0 218.3 2004 0 0 0 0 85 11.1 96 19.8 121.2 72.6 4 0 409.7 2005 0 0 0 40 16.4 66.4 80.9 78 55.2 148.5 0 0 485.4

Average 1.7 0.6 0.7 21.1 43.8 96.8 51.3 65 104.1 150.7 16.7 7 559.5



ANNEXURE IV-D1

Daily Maximum, Minimum Temperature and Relative Humidity

(December 2006)

Temperature in 0C Relative Humidity in % Date

Max. Min. Max. Min. 01.12.2006 28.8 13.2 81 29 02.12.2006 29.2 12.4 72 34 03.12.2006 29.8 15.5 73 50 04.12.2006 28.0 20.5 61 59 05.12.2006 27.8 21.7 71 46 06.12.2006 29.2 18.2 58 44 07.12.2006 30.6 16.0 58 37 08.12.2006 28.8 12.7 43 28 09.12.2006 27.8 10.4 41 37 10.12.2006 26.3 11.0 46 30 11.12.2006 28.4 14.9 60 40 12.12.2006 32.8 11.5 46 43 13.12.2006 32.6 17.2 57 39 14.12.2006 28.5 14.8 65 35 15.12.2006 26.5 12.7 62 53 16.12.2006 27.8 13.0 55 26 17.12.2006 28.0 10.2 53 27 18.12.2006 29.3 14.1 57 36 19.12.2006 28.8 12.1 57 39 20.12.2006 28.5 13.9 61 39 21.12.2006 29.2 12.7 62 27 22.12.2006 26.0 15.7 58 36 23.12.2006 29.2 15.5 60 36 24.12.2006 28.5 14.4 73 41 25.12.2006 27.6 17.0 81 40 26.12.2006 26.8 14.0 60 31 27.12.2006 26.0 12.4 51 26 28.12.2006 26.8 10.7 43 27 29.12.2006 27.0 11.3 52 41 30.12.2006 27.6 12.0 60 34 31.12.2006 27.8 12.8 66 41



ANNEXURE IV-D2


(January 2007)


Max. Min. Max. Min. 01.01.2007 26.6 12.4 65 34 02.01.2007 26.8 12.5 71 41 03.01.2007 27.3 12.4 67 46 04.01.2007 26.8 13.2 65 52 05.01.2007 26.8 12.8 60 29 06.01.2007 27.8 13.5 65 27 07.01.2007 27.2 13.5 62 29 08.01.2007 27.8 12.9 58 27 09.01.2007 27.2 13.7 45 41 10.01.2007 26.6 17.8 74 47 11.01.2007 29.3 16.0 72 71 12.01.2007 27.0 15.9 70 41 13.01.2007 29.8 15.1 71 35 14.01.2007 30.5 14.0 74 37 15.01.2007 28.3 14.8 68 35 16.01.2007 28.2 13.8 63 30 17.01.2007 31.2 13.5 60 31 18.01.2007 30.6 14.4 60 44 19.01.2007 31.6 15.4 56 30 20.01.2007 33.2 16.2 50 27 21.01.2007 31.0 16.5 61 54 22.01.2007 31.0 14.8 70 30 23.01.2007 32.5 14.5 45 22 24.01.2007 30.6 11.4 44 22 25.01.2007 28.2 14.5 40 19 26.01.2007 27.5 13.4 59 46 27.01.2007 25.6 12.5 45 27 28.01.2007 27.8 12.0 40 15 29.01.2007 28.2 13.3 58 30 30.01.2007 28.6 13.0 43 28 31.01.2007 29.8 14.0 53 19



ANNEXURE IV-D3


(February 2007)


Max. Min. Max. Min. 01.02.2007 29.2 13.8 55 21 02.02.2007 30.0 12.9 48 19 03.02.2007 29.2 12.5 62 34 04.02.2007 29.3 14.4 63 37 05.02.2007 30.5 15.5 46 27 06.02.2007 28.3 12.8 38 21 07.02.2007 30.3 12.5 62 20 08.02.2007 30.5 13.0 50 24 09.02.2007 30.5 14.5 33 24 10.02.2007 30.0 14.5 52 22 11.02.2007 29.8 13.8 46 24 12.02.2007 30.5 12.7 56 28 13.02.2007 28.6 14.6 45 40 14.02.2007 29.6 13.5 44 22 15.02.2007 34.5 13.7 51 18 16.02.2007 32.5 14.8 58 26 17.02.2007 32.8 15.4 63 20 18.02.2007 35.2 16.6 54 48 19.02.2007 32.8 17.4 51 21 20.02.2007 33.8 16.2 51 39 21.02.2007 34.0 16.7 45 16 22.02.2007 34.3 17.0 48 19 23.02.2007 34.3 17.4 48 18 24.02.2007 34.0 17.0 44 19 25.02.2007 33.8 16.0 49 28 26.02.2007 33.8 15.5 70 24 27.02.2007 29.3 15.6 71 46 28.02.2007 33.3 16.9 66 53



ANNEXURE IV-E1

Daily Average Wind Speed and Direction (Winter Season -2006, December) Direction wise Average Wind Speed (km/hr) Excluding Calm

Date Calm <1.8

kmph E ENE NE NNE N NNW NW WNW W WSW SW SSW S SSE SE ESE Cloud Cover

(Octas) 1.12.2006 0.9 4.5 4.4 5.4 4.6 4.6 4.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1 0 2.12.2006 1 3.5 5.2 3.6 3.9 5.5 4.2 4 2.2 0 0 0 2.8 0 2.4 4.1 2.2 1 3.12.2006 0.9 4.7 3.6 2.3 3.2 2.7 2.7 3.2 2.8 0 0 3.1 0 0 0 0 2.4 0 4.12.2006 1.2 4.4 1.9 3.8 5.2 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7 4.8 0 0 4.6 2 5.12.2006 1.4 5.8 0 2.1 0 0 3.9 5 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 3 6.12.2006 0.6 3.2 2.1 2.4 2.3 0 4.7 5.8 4.7 4.6 5.4 5 0 2.1 2.6 0 2.3 2 7.12.2006 0.8 5.2 0 3.2 0 3.5 5 5.2 4.9 5 0 4.7 0 0 0 0 0 1 8.12.2006 1.5 5.1 2.5 4.7 6.1 0 0 0 4.1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2.2 0 9.12.2006 0.6 3.3 0 0 0 0 2.8 3.3 2.3 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

10.12.2006 0.4 4 4.2 4 4.5 4.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1 5.2 4.2 3 11.12.2006 1 3.8 0 0 2.7 0 4.1 4.1 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12.12.2006 0.9 2.8 2.1 3.1 0 2.4 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.8 0 0 0 2.4 0 0 3 13.12.2006 0.8 3.3 3.1 2.7 5 3.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1 2 14.12.2006 0.8 2.4 4.3 5.1 5.8 4.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7 0 3.2 0 0 1 15.12.2006 1.3 4.8 5 4.6 4.7 3.7 5.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4 4.3 2 16.12.2006 1 4.9 4.9 3.9 6.2 4.2 5.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2 4.8 0 17.12.2006 0.5 3.8 3.8 2.6 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7 2.9 4 18.12.2006 1.7 2.5 3.2 3.3 0 4.3 0 0 0 0 0 2.4 0 1.9 2.8 2.1 4.2 0 19.12.2006 0.6 3.5 4 3.6 4.7 4 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4 1 20.12.2006 0.8 5.5 4.5 3.7 0 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8 2 21.12.2006 0.5 3.6 4.6 0 3.2 4.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 22.12.2006 0.6 2.8 0 4.1 0 4.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6 4.6 4.2 4.6 1 23.12.2006 0.9 3.2 5.2 3.9 4.6 6 0 3.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 24.12.2006 1.1 5.2 5.1 4.4 4.1 4.8 0 0 0 0 0 2.6 0 0 0 1.9 3.9 1 25.12.2006 0.8 4.1 5 0 0 5.5 0 0 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 2.1 0 5.6 0 26.12.2006 1.2 3.3 4.5 5.2 5.4 5.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 27.12.2006 0.8 4.7 4.8 4.4 5.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2 0 3 28.12.2006 1 2.1 3 4.2 0 4.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2 1 29.12.2006 0.8 4.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30.12.2006 0.9 4.2 4.6 3.8 6.2 4.8 0 0 0 0 2.5 0 0 4.8 0 4.1 3.2 0 31.12.2006 0.7 3.2 4.7 3.3 4.8 3.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2 0



ANNEXURE IV-E2

Daily Average Wind Speed and Direction (Winter Season -2007, January) Direction wise Average Wind Speed (km/hr) Excluding Calm

Date Calm <1.8

km/hr E ENE NE NNE N NNW NW WNW W WSW SW SSW S SSE SE ESE

Cloud Cover (Octas)

01.01.2007 1.2 2.8 0 4.1 0 0 0 2.5 5.6 5.5 6.5 5.7 5.7 5.6 0 0 0 1 02.01.2007 1 1.9 2.1 0 0 2.4 0 0 0 4 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.1 5 3.6 2.5 0 03.01.2007 0.9 3.7 0 3.1 2.2 0 5 5 4.1 0 5 0 5.6 0 0 0 0 0 04.01.2007 0.4 5.2 0 0 0 0 0 5.1 4.2 5.1 4.5 5.5 4.7 5.8 0 2.1 0 0 05.01.2007 0.6 4.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 4.9 6 5.5 4.5 5.3 4.4 0 0 0 0 3.1 1 06.01.2007 0.5 2.3 0 2.6 0 0 5.7 5.8 4.7 5.6 5.1 5.5 0 0 0 0 0 2 07.01.2007 0.4 5.2 2.3 0 3.4 2.8 4.9 6.2 5.9 6 0 4.7 0 0 0 1.8 2.8 1 08.01.2007 0.9 6.1 0 3.7 7.1 0 0 0 1.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 09.01.2007 1 4.3 3 0 0 2.4 3.8 4.3 3.3 3.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.01.2007 0.7 5 4.2 4.1 4.6 5.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1 5.2 4.2 0 11.01.2007 1.4 4.8 2.2 0 3.1 0 5 4.4 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.01.2007 1.3 3.8 0 2.8 1.9 0 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 4.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.01.2007 0.6 4.3 4.1 3.7 6 4.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4 4.1 1 14.01.2007 0.9 1.9 5.3 5.1 5.8 5.3 0 0 4.1 0 0 0 2.5 0 0 0 0 1 15.01.2007 1 5.8 4.5 5.6 6 4.7 6.1 2.1 0 0 2.4 0 0 0 0 4.4 4.3 2 16.01.2007 1.1 4.9 5.9 4.9 7.2 4.5 5.6 0 3.1 2.2 0 5 5 0 0 6.2 5.8 0 17.01.2007 1.7 4.8 4.8 3.6 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1 0 0 4.7 3.9 0 18.01.2007 0.6 1.9 4.8 4.3 0 3.5 0 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 4.9 4.2 3 3.8 3.1 5.2 0 19.01.2007 0.8 4.5 5 4.6 5.7 5 4.3 0 2.6 0 0 5.7 5.8 0 0 0 4.1 1 20.01.2007 0.7 6.5 5.2 4.7 0 3.4 0 2.3 0 3.4 2.8 5.9 4.2 0 0 0 4.9 0 21.01.2007 0.5 2.1 4.6 0 3.1 4.8 0 0 5.7 7.1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 4 22.01.2007 0.6 3.1 0 2.7 0 3.9 0 3 0 0 2.4 3.8 4.3 5.6 4.6 5.2 5.6 0 23.01.2007 1.1 2.3 6.2 4.9 6.6 4 0 5.2 5 5.6 5.3 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 24.01.2007 0.7 6.2 5.6 5.4 6.6 5.8 0 2.2 0 3.1 0 5 4.4 0 0 0 4.9 2 25.01.2007 0.9 2.8 6 0 0 4.6 0 0 2.8 1.9 0 3.8 4.1 0 0 2.9 5.3 1 26.01.2007 0.7 6.3 5.5 6.2 6.4 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27.01.2007 1.3 5.7 5.5 5.4 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3 0 2.7 0 0 28.01.2007 1.1 2.1 4 5.2 3.5 3.1 6.1 2.1 0 0 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 2.9 0 29.01.2007 0.8 4.6 0 2.5 0 0 6.6 0 3.1 2.2 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 30.01.2007 0.7 5.2 5.6 4.8 7.2 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1 0 0 2.4 4.2 0 31.01.2007 0.8 2.8 5.7 4.3 5.8 4.9 0 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 4.9 6 0 0 0 6.2 2



ANNEXURE IV-E3

Daily Average Wind Speed and Direction (Winter Season -2006, February) Direction wise Average Wind Speed (km/hr) Excluding Calm

Date Calm <1.8

km/hr E ENE NE NNE N NNW NW WNW W WSW SW SSW S SSE SE ESE

Cloud Cover (Octas)

01.02.2007 1.4 4.4 5.2 0 4.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4 1 02.02.2007 0.7 4.8 4 4 0 4.6 0 4.9 6.2 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9 0 03.02.2007 0.5 3.9 4.8 5.3 0 0 0 0 0 1.9 0 0 0 3.3 4.7 5.3 6.1 0 04.02.2007 1.3 6.4 5.8 6 0 0 0 3.8 4.3 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05.02.2007 1.1 4.5 4.6 3.6 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4 0 06.02.2007 1.2 4 3.1 4.8 0 0 0 5 4.4 0 0 4.8 0 0 5.6 5.2 4.3 0 07.02.2007 0.6 4.5 3.8 4 0 3.3 0 3.8 4.1 4.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9 1 08.02.2007 1.8 6.3 5.9 6.6 0 5.5 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8 5.1 0 09.02.2007 0.9 5 4.3 4.1 6.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7 0 10.02.2007 1.2 4.8 4.1 4.5 0 0 0 3.4 2.8 4.9 6.2 5.9 6 0 5.2 0 4.5 0 11.02.2007 1.1 4.5 4.8 4.6 0 0 0 7.1 0 0 0 1.9 0 0 0 5.2 5.6 0 12.02.2007 0.5 4.5 5.2 4.3 5.2 0 0 0 2.4 3.8 4.3 3.3 3.2 0 0 6.1 4.1 2 13.02.2007 0.8 5.7 6 5.6 0 0 0 4.6 5.3 0 0 0 0 0 4.8 0 0 1 14.02.2007 0.9 6.1 5.5 5.3 5.2 0 0 3.1 0 5 4.4 0 5 5 0 4.5 3.9 0 15.02.2007 1.2 6.2 5.2 5.2 0 5.1 0 1.9 0 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 4.8 0 0 5.4 0 16.02.2007 1.5 6.1 5.1 4.9 4.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7 4.8 4.7 0 17.02.2007 0.9 6.2 6.1 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4 0 18.02.2007 1.1 5.9 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9 0 6.1 0 3.4 0 19.02.2007 0.5 5.8 6 6.5 0 0 5.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 1 20.02.2007 1.4 5.7 5.5 5.5 0 5.7 0 5.2 0 4.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8 0 21.02.2007 0.8 5.9 5.4 5.6 4.7 6.1 0 0 0 0 0 6 4.7 0 5.9 0 4.9 0 22.02.2007 1.2 2.9 2.9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8 5.3 0 0 4.1 5.1 0 23.02.2007 1.3 3.8 4.3 3.2 0 0 0 0 5.2 0 0 6 4.7 6.1 4.1 0 0 0 24.02.2007 1.1 4.5 4.9 0 4.8 0 0 0 0 0 5.4 7.2 4.5 5.6 0 3.1 4.2 0 25.02.2007 1.6 4.2 4.9 5.1 0 3.8 0 4.3 0 0 0 6 5 0 0 0 3.2 0 26.02.2007 1.4 4.9 5.2 5.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5 0 5.9 2.1 5.3 1 27.02.2007 0.8 2.9 2.8 2.3 0 0 3.9 0 0 0 0 5.7 5 4.3 0 2.6 3.9 0 28.02.2007 1 3.9 3.8 5.2 5.7 3.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7 0 4.2 0



ANNEXURE V - A1

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Project: Chikkshellikeri Limestone Mines Station Code: A1 (Core Zone) Season: Winter 2006-2007 Location: Mining Area

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

01.12.2006 9.2 16.4 210.5 65.2 0.89 05.12.2006 7.5 14.1 198.3 73.9 0.81 08.12.2006 8.7 16.8 175.8 65.2 1.02 12.12.2006 8.7 17.6 180.3 68.5 1.54 15.12.2006 8.2 14.2 192.7 91.6 1.32 19.12.2006 7.9 16.1 132.1 87.4 0.64 22.12.2006 8.4 15.5 225.3 75.7 0.98 26.12.2006 9 16.5 169.5 82.4 1.01 29.12.2006 11.7 20 159.3 74.3 0.88 02.01.2007 7 15.3 170.5 60.1 1.65 05.01.2007 7.9 16 128.3 68.2 0.56 09.01.2007 9.8 17.7 130.2 62.3 1.45 12.01.2007 5.1 10 145.6 56.2 0.7 16.01.2007 10 19.5 138.4 75.2 1.22 19.01.2007 8.6 16 162.2 82.1 1.03 23.01.2007 8.3 16.2 129.4 80.1 0.86 26.01.2007 7.8 18.3 170.6 76.2 1.52 30.01.2007 6.8 12.4 180.4 95.6 1.95 02.02.2007 8.5 15.7 177.2 75.4 0.99 06.02.2007 8.7 16.1 210.2 78.5 0.87 09.02.2007 12.4 21 192.2 72.2 1.45 13.02.2007 7.8 14.4 128.2 94.3 1 16.02.2007 6.7 15.5 170.3 48.1 1.02 20.02.2007 9.8 18.6 170.5 70.1 0.78 23.02.2007 4.5 9.9 154.6 55.5 0.94 27.02.2007 7.5 12.2 172.6 48.2 1.23

Note: BDL = Below Detectable Limit

Statistical Data

Average 8.3 15.8 168.2 72.4 1.0 Min 4.5 9.9 128.2 48.1 0.5 Max 12.4 21 225.3 95.6 1.9 Std 1.6 2.7 27.21 12.7 0.3 10 pctl 6.7 12.3 129.8 55.8 0.7 30 pctl 7.8 15.4 156.9 66.7 0.8 50 pctl 8.3 16.0 170.5 74.1 1.00 90 pctl 9.9 19.0 204.2 89.5 1.5 95 pctl 11.2 19.8 210.4 93.6 1.6 98 pctl 12.0 20.5 217.9 94.9 1.8



ANNEXURE V – A2

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Project: Chikkshellikeri Limestone Mines Station Code: A2 (Buffer Zone) Season: Winter 2006-2007 Location: HireChikkshellikeri Village

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

02.12.2006 6.1 11.1 136.2 50 1.24 06.12.2006 5.8 10 116.3 19.1 0.84 09.12.2006 4 9.7 131.5 27.2 0.72 13.12.2006 4.2 9.4 126.2 31.5 1 16.12.2006 6.5 BDL 126.7 31.3 0.97 20.12.2006 5 9.1 138.9 29.4 0.64 23.12.2006 5.2 10.3 123.2 29.3 0.92 27.12.2006 5.1 11.5 109.3 43.7 0.78 30.12.2006 BDL BDL 90.9 16.6 0.4 03.01.2007 BDL 9 106.2 21.2 0.74 06.01.2007 5.6 9.7 118.2 31.8 0.86 10.01.2007 4.8 9.4 116.2 31.1 0.62 13.01.2007 BDL BDL 119 21.2 0.53 17.01.2007 4.1 9.1 104.8 25.5 1.01 20.01.2007 6.7 10.8 128.2 36.9 0.93 24.01.2007 4.1 9 116.4 23 1 27.01.2007 5.9 10.5 134.2 27.8 1.2 31.01.2007 6.2 11 101.2 30.2 0.99 03.02.2007 7 14.1 146.6 37.3 1.1 07.02.2007 6.2 11.8 134.2 31.2 1.04 10.02.2007 8.2 12.9 91.3 43 1.1 14.02.2007 4.6 BDL 126.2 31.2 0.85 17.02.2007 5.4 9.4 128.6 41.8 1.01 21.02.2007 5.7 9.9 119.3 39.3 1.1 24.02.2007 4.2 9.1 80.6 27.6 0.5

Note: BDL = Below Detectable Limit Statistical Data

Average 5.4 10.3 118.8 31.1 0.8 Min 4 9 80.6 16.6 0.4 Max 8.2 14.1 146.6 50 1.2 Std 1.0 1.3 16.1 8.1 0.2 10 pctl 4.1 9.1 95.2 21.2 0.5 30 pctl 4.8 9.4 116.2 27.6 0.7 50 pctl 5.5 9.9 119.3 31.1 0.9 90 pctl 6.6 11.8 135.4 42.5 1.1 95 pctl 6.9 12.9 138.3 43.5 1.1 98 pctl 7.6 13.6 142.9 46.9 1.2



ANNEXURE V – A3

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Project: Chikkshellikeri Limestone Mines Station Code: A3 (Buffer Zone) Season: Winter 2006-2006 Location: Tulsigiri Village

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

04.12.2006 7.3 16.1 154.4 41.4 1.03 07.12.2006 8.1 18.5 135.2 28.2 1.1 11.12.2006 7.9 17 140.5 49.8 0.92 14.12.2006 8.8 14.3 139.5 44.3 1.01 18.12.2006 9.2 15.1 148.5 38.2 1.21 21.12.2006 7.8 17.2 128.2 44.3 0.94 25.12.2006 6.8 16.3 135.5 30.9 0.84 28.12.2006 9.8 15.4 143.2 40.1 0.99 01.01.2007 6.3 9.4 89.2 33.2 1.2 04.01.2007 8.6 15.1 112.2 41.9 1.32 08.01.2007 5.9 14.3 138.2 35.1 1.06 11.01.2007 8 13.6 136.2 41.3 0.87 15.01.2007 6.1 12.7 129 40.1 0.64 18.01.2007 7.6 12.8 124.8 37.2 0.58 22.01.2007 6 12 135.1 49.2 0.65 25.01.2007 8.7 14.9 136.4 35.9 0.82 29.01.2007 5.8 15.5 154.2 50.4 0.74 01.02.2007 7 16.3 116.2 36.2 1.01 05.02.2007 9.1 17.2 160.6 54.2 1.11 08.02.2007 10.2 19.4 154.2 46.2 0.74 12.02.2007 9.5 18.7 103.1 30.1 0.51 15.02.2007 5.2 11.2 146.3 37.1 0.68 19.02.2007 5 10 158.6 38.7 0.82 22.02.2007 6.4 12.1 139.3 40.2 0.51 26.02.2007 4.7 9.2 90.6 26.4 0.68 28.02.2007 6.4 13.8 100.2 28.7 0.69


Statistical Data

Average 7.3 14.5 132.6 39.2 0.8 Min 4.7 9.2 89.2 26.4 0.5 Max 10.2 19.4 160.6 54.2 1.3 Std 1.5 2.7 20.0 7.2 0.2 10 pctl 5.5 10.6 101.6 29.4 0.6 30 pctl 6.3 13.2 128.6 36.0 0.7 50 pctl 7.4 15 136.3 39.4 0.8 90 pctl 9.3 17.8 154.3 49.5 1.1 95 pctl 9.7 18.6 157.5 50.2 1.2 98 pctl 10.0 19.0 159.6 52.3 1.2



ANNEXURE V – A4

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Project: Chikkshellikeri Limestone Mines Station Code: A4 (Buffer Zone) Season: Winter 2006-2007 Location: Chikkshellikeri Village

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

01.12.2006 8.6 18.9 168.2 54.2 0.72 05.12.2006 8.2 19.5 164.1 52 1.5 08.12.2006 9 18.7 156.6 45.2 0.98 12.12.2006 9.7 19.8 164 51.2 1.01 15.12.2006 7.3 17.5 126.4 29.6 1.68 19.12.2006 7.1 17 130.3 30.8 1.23 22.12.2006 7.8 16.8 129.3 32.6 1.08 26.12.2006 5.9 16.1 142.6 35.2 0.96 29.12.2006 8.5 16 146.2 32.4 0.87 02.01.2007 7.8 17.4 156.1 46.0 0.99 05.01.2007 8.6 16.7 158.6 36.1 1.8 09.01.2007 8.3 17.1 148.9 44.3 1.03 12.01.2007 7.7 17 136.2 46.2 0.92 16.01.2007 8.1 17.8 164 40.8 1.53 19.01.2007 7.9 18.6 164.8 39.7 0.94 23.01.2007 7.5 17 138.6 42.5 1.09 26.01.2007 6 16.9 184.2 54.6 1 30.01.2007 7.9 18.5 178.7 51.2 1.12 02.02.2007 6.2 17.3 160.2 48.1 0.97 06.02.2007 7.5 17.4 164.8 50.0 1.52 09.02.2007 8.6 19.1 168 49.5 1.72 13.02.2007 8.1 18 144.6 42.6 0.69 16.02.2007 7.2 17.7 146.2 42.2 0.94 20.02.2007 7.4 17.4 142.3 42.5 1.02 23.02.2007 6.9 16.8 166.2 49.9 0.93 27.02.2007 7 17.1 146.5 42.1 1.05

Note: BDL = Below Detectable Limit Statistical Data

Average 7.7 17.6 153.7 43.5 1.1 Min 5.9 16 126.4 29.6 0.69 Max 9.7 19.8 184.2 54.6 1.8 Std 0.8 0.9 15.1 7.30 0.30 10 pctl 6.5 16.7 133.2 32.5 0.89 30 pctl 7.3 17 145.4 41.45 0.96 50 pctl 7.8 17.4 156.3 43.45 1.01 90 pctl 8.6 19 168.1 51.6 1.60 95 pctl 8.9 19.4 176.0 53.65 1.71 98 pctl 9.3 19.6 181.4 54.4 1.76



ANNEXURE V – A5

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results

Project: Chikkshellikeri Limestone Mines Station Code: A5 (Buffer Zone) Season: Winter 2006-2007 Location: Yellamman Gudda Village

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOX

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

02.12.2006 9.9 19.5 145.1 58.6 1.27 06.12.2006 6.8 15.6 135.8 45.1 1 09.12.2006 7.6 16.1 140.4 45.3 0.89 13.12.2006 7.8 14.4 145.2 31.8 0.99 16.12.2006 7.2 16.2 133.2 30.2 0.89 20.12.2006 4.7 9.6 129.9 31.7 1.23 23.12.2006 6.9 14.7 141.2 34.5 1.11 27.12.2006 6.8 13.4 142.5 38.3 0.96 30.12.2006 BDL 9.3 137.1 32.2 0.87 03.01.2007 6.8 14.1 140.8 38 0.99 06.01.2007 4.9 10.3 130.5 30.2 1.68 10.01.2007 10.4 19.1 145.2 36.1 1.39 13.01.2007 6.8 12.8 135.9 36.3 1.1 17.01.2007 7.7 16.9 143.8 42.2 1.09 20.01.2007 7.6 15.3 157.6 36 0.96 24.01.2007 6.3 14.9 139.5 35.9 0.74 27.01.2007 10.1 16.7 141 38.4 1.6 31.01.2007 6.8 13.4 137.9 36.2 1.02 03.02.2007 7.6 11.7 132.6 29.9 0.58 07.02.2007 7.7 13.2 137.8 34.3 1.02 10.02.2007 11 21.7 134.3 42.8 1.29 14.02.2007 6.8 15.4 145.2 36.3 0.89 17.02.2007 7.6 16.8 142.4 44.5 1 21.02.2007 7.8 17 149.2 38.2 1.15 24.02.2007 7.2 15.4 139.1 28.5 0.74


Statistical Data

Average 7.6 15.1 139.9 37.2 1.0 Min 4.7 9.3 129.9 28.5 0.58 Max 11 21.7 157.6 58.6 1.68 Std 1.52 3.12 6.11 6.43 0.24 10 pctl 6.5 11 132.9 30.2 0.80 30 pctl 6.8 13.75 136.5 34.4 0.96 50 pctl 7.6 15.35 139.95 36.25 1.01 90 pctl 10.02 19.3 145.2 44.8 1.34 95 pctl 10.34 20.7 148.2 45.25 1.54 98 pctl 10.71 21.4 153.4 51.95 1.64



ANNEXURE V – A6

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Project: Chikkashellikeri Mines Station Code: A6 (Buffer Zone) Season : Winter-2006-2007 Location: West Direction (3.5 km

from mine site)

Date SO2

(μg/m3) NOx

(μg/m3) SPM


CO (ppm)

04.12.2006 8.9 15.7 108.2 34.1 0.56 07.12.2006 BDL 9.2 105.9 36.3 0.86 11.12.2006 6.5 11.7 118.2 40.2 0.7 14.12.2006 6.6 12.1 102.8 35.1 0.77 18.12.2006 6.8 11.2 131.4 34.9 1.22 21.12.2006 6.2 10 98.9 32.2 1.45 25.12.2006 7.6 11.8 142.2 38.3 0.68 28.12.2006 BDL 9.1 114.5 35.6 0.87 01.01.2007 6.1 11.3 106.4 34.6 0.91 04.01.2007 5.7 11.4 110.1 36.2 0.52 08.01.2007 5.9 10.5 118.4 37.4 0.68 11.01.2007 9 16.6 130.3 39.4 1.21 15.01.2007 5.7 11.4 102.2 31.2 0.87 18.01.2007 BDL BDL 119.8 35.2 0.69 22.01.2007 5.5 10.5 112.1 36.8 1.23 25.01.2007 5.2 11.2 140.7 38.8 1 29.01.2007 8.3 15.1 115 35.3 1.26 01.02.2007 7.4 10.4 110.4 37 1.1 05.02.2007 6.5 10.3 125.6 36.1 1.09 08.02.2007 6.6 11.6 128.9 29.9 0.98 12.02.2007 8.3 15.7 132.3 39 1.35 15.02.2007 BDL 9.2 126.2 35.4 0.68 19.02.2007 6.5 11.2 118.1 29.2 0.99 22.02.2007 6.7 12 124.2 34.6 1.54 26.02.2007 4 9.1 109.6 32.4 0.53


Statistical Data

Average 6.6 11.5 118.0 35.4 0.94 Min 4 9.1 98.9 29.2 0.52 Max 9 16.6 142.2 40.2 1.54 Std 1.24 2.12 11.88 2.82 0.29 10 pctl 5.5 9.2 104.04 31.6 0.60 30 pctl 6.1 10.49 110.16 34.66 0.71 50 pctl 6.5 11.25 118.1 35.4 0.91 90 pctl 8.3 15.52 131.94 38.92 1.31 95 pctl 8.9 15.7 139.02 39.32 1.43 98 pctl 8.96 16.18 141.48 39.81 1.49



ANNEXURE VI-A

Noise Monitoring Data Period : Winter, December 2006

Locations and Station code no. Hours

N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 1 56 50 49 48 49 47 2 58 54 52 54 52 48 3 61 55 56 55 54 52 4 68 56 56 56 56 55 5 69 58 58 52 59 57 6 70 58 58 54 54 57 7 70 57 58 52 55 56 8 64 54 56 50 55 56 9 66 56 55 52 57 57

10 62 54 55 53 58 58 11 68 56 57 54 55 58 12 70 58 56 54 56 58 13 69 55 55 56 58 58 14 68 56 53 56 55 56 15 60 52 52 55 53 54 16 58 51 50 53 51 52 17 52 50 50 50 50 54 18 48 48 48 46 48 49 19 46 47 44 44 46 45 20 44 40 42 42 42 41 21 41 41 40 40 41 40 22 40 40 40 41 42 40 23 42 41 42 42 41 41 24 47 48 46 44 45 44

Day Equivalent dB(A)

64.8 55 54.7 53.3 54.8 54.9

Night Equivalent dB(A)

45 44.6 44 43.6 44.3 44.2

Day Night Equivalent dB(A)

58.2 51.4 51.1 50.1 51.3 51.3

N1 : Core Area

N2 : Hire Shellikeri

N3 : On Chikkashellikere-Kaladgi Road

N4 : Chikkashellikeri

N5 : Nir Budihal

N6 : Yadigeri



ANNEXURE VI-B

Noise Monitoring Data Period : Winter, January 2007

Hours Locations and station code no. N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6

1 56 49 47 48 48 48 2 58 53 51 52 51 49 3 61 54 54 54 53 50 4 68 55 55 55 55 54 5 68 57 56 51 58 56 6 69 58 58 54 54 57 7 70 56 58 52 56 56 8 65 53 57 50 56 56 9 65 55 56 52 58 57

10 61 53 54 53 58 58 11 67 55 55 54 56 58 12 70 57 54 54 58 59 13 69 54 54 56 58 58 14 68 55 52 55 56 56 15 60 51 51 54 54 54 16 57 50 50 52 51 50 17 50 49 49 50 50 54 18 48 48 48 46 48 49 19 44 47 44 44 46 45 20 42 40 42 42 42 41 21 41 41 40 40 41 40 22 40 40 40 41 42 40 23 41 41 42 42 41 41 24 45 48 46 44 45 44


64.5 54.0 53.8 52.8 55 54.7


43.8 44.2 43.8 43.6 44.3 44.2


57.6 50.7 50.5 49.7 51.4 51.2

N1 : Core Area




N5 : Nir Budihal

N6 : Yadigeri



ANNEXURE VI-C

Noise Monitoring Data Period : Winter, February 2006

Locations and station code no. Hours

N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 1 56 50 48 48 48 47 2 59 52 50 50 50 49 3 62 53 54 52 52 50 4 69 54 54 55 54 52 5 68 56 55 52 59 54 6 68 57 57 55 54 58 7 70 56 57 52 56 57 8 69 54 58 51 55 56 9 66 54 56 52 58 57

10 62 52 55 53 59 58 11 66 54 54 54 56 58 12 69 58 54 54 57 58 13 68 56 53 55 58 56 14 67 55 52 54 56 54 15 58 52 52 52 54 52 16 56 49 51 50 52 51 17 49 48 48 49 48 50 18 48 48 47 45 44 48 19 42 44 42 41 41 44 20 41 40 42 41 41 41 21 41 41 40 40 40 40 22 40 40 40 41 41 40 23 40 41 41 40 42 41 24 45 48 45 43 44 43


64.5 53.8 53.7 52.4 54.8 54.1


43.2 43.7 43.1 42.5 42.6 43.3


57.4 50.5 50.2 49.1 50.7 50.5

N1 : Core Area




N5 : Nir Budihal

N6 : Yadigeri



Annexure VII

Ground Water Quality Analysis Results

Sr. No. Parameters/Location Units Project

area Tulsigiri Kaladgi Hanamneri

Hirechikk-

shellikeri

Standards IS - 10500

1 pH 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 6.5 to 8.5 2 Temperature 0C 24 24 23 24 24 -- 3 Conductivity ms/cm 1.33 0.199 1.101 0.372 0.894 -- 4 Turbidity NTU <5 < 5 <5 <5 <5 10 5 Colour Unit <5 < 5 <5 <5 <5 10 6 Odour Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless 7 Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 8 Alkalinity CaCO3 mg/l 286.35 103.5 244.95 230 297.85 -- 9 Total Dissolved solids mg/l 490.4 118.25 451.63 222.51 341.91 500 10 Total suspended

solids mg/l 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0 10.0 --

11 Salinity % BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 12 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 13 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4 -- 14 Clorides (Cl) mg/l 344.82 8.05 246.66 15.1 157.05 250 15 Residuel free chlorine mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 16 Total Hardness

(CaCO3) mg/l 546.48 132.66 365.3 162.36 453.42 300

17 Calcium (Ca) mg/l 96.71 31.72 11.81 38.06 81.67 75 18 Magnesium (Mg) mg/l 74.06 12.98 45.19 16.35 60.58 30 19 Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 33 0.6 31 8 17 150 20 Flourides (F) mg/l 0.789 0.858 0.809 1.11 0.942 0.6 to 1.2 21 Nitrate (NO3) mg/l 0.279 0.188 0.257 0.215 0.245 45 22 Iron (Fe) mg/l 0.299 0.193 0.382 0.261 0.364 0.3 23 Copper (Cu) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 24 Phenolic Compounds

(C6H5OH) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.001

25 Mercury (Hg) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.001 26 Barium (Ba) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 27 Cadmium (Cd) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.01 28 Selenium (Se) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.01 29 Arsenic (As) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 30 Cyanide (CN) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 31 Lead (Pb) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 32 Zinc (Zn) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 5 33 Chromium (Cr) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 34 Anionic Detergents

(MBAS) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL --

35 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL --

36 Mineral Oil mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 37 Pesticides mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 38 Aluminum (Al) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 39 Manganese (Mn) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.1 40 Boron (B) mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- 41 Total coliform Nos/100ml 9 2 6 5 9 10



ANNEXURE VII-A

Surface Water Quality Analysis Results

Sr. No. Parameters/Location Units Yandigiri

Ghatprabha River at Kaladgi

Standards IS - 10500

1 pH 7.5 7.59 6.5 to 8.5 2 Temperature 0C 26 26 -- 3 Conductivity ms/cm 0.221 0.545 -- 4 Turbidity NTU <10 <5 10 5 Colour Unit <10 <5 10 6 Odour Odourless Odourless Odourless 7 Taste Disagreeable Agreeable Agreeable 8 Alkalinity CaCO3 mg/l 86.25 235.7 -- 9 Total Dissolved solids mg/l 131.99 356 500

10 Total suspended solids mg/l 10.0 10.0 -- 11 Salinity % BDL BDL -- 12 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL -- 13 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 4.6 4.6 -- 14 Clorides (Cl) mg/l 7.04 88.5 250 15 Residuel free chlorine mg/l BDL BDL -- 16 Total Hardness (CaCO3) mg/l 97.02 211.8 300 17 Calcium (Ca) mg/l 22.2 42.03 75 18 Magnesium (Mg) mg/l 10.09 25.96 30 19 Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 16 30 150 20 Flourides (F) mg/l 0.345 0.945 0.6 to 1.2 21 Nitrate (NO3) mg/l 0.129 0.198 45 22 Iron (Fe) mg/l BDL 1.443 0.3 23 Copper (Cu) mg/l BDL BDL 0.05

24 Phenolic Compounds (C6H5OH) mg/l BDL

BDL 0.001

25 Mercury (Hg) mg/l BDL BDL 0.001 26 Barium (Ba) mg/l BDL BDL -- 27 Cadmium (Cd) mg/l BDL BDL 0.01 28 Selenium (Se) mg/l BDL BDL 0.01 29 Arsenic (As) mg/l BDL BDL 0.05 30 Cyanide (CN) mg/l BDL BDL 0.05 31 Lead (Pb) mg/l BDL BDL 0.05 32 Zinc (Zn) mg/l BDL 0.01 5 33 Chromium (Cr) mg/l BDL BDL 0.05

34 Anionic Detergents (MBAS) mg/l BDL

BDL --

35 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) mg/l BDL BDL --

36 Mineral Oil mg/l BDL BDL -- 37 Pesticides mg/l BDL BDL -- 38 Aluminum (Al) mg/l BDL BDL -- 39 Manganese (Mn) mg/l BDL BDL 0.1 40 Boron (B) mg/l BDL BDL -- 41 Total coliform Nos/100ml 77 110 10



ANNEXURE VIII

Soil Quality Analysis Results

Locations Sr No. Parameters Unit Project

site Tulsigiri Kaladgi Hanamneri Yandigiri

1 Appeaence Black Red Red Light brown Red 2 Texure Silt loam Silt Loam Silt loam Silt Loam Silt Loam 3 Sand % 36.1 39.3 40.3 38.9 34.3 4 Silt % 50.7 48.1 48.1 48.5 51.4 5 Clay % 13.2 12.6 11.6 12.6 14.3 6 Water Holding

Capacity % 15.3 14.8 15.8 14.5 11.2

7 Permeability cm/sec 0.062 0.059 0.057 0.066 0.064 8 Cation exchange

capacity meq/100gm 32.6 32.22 33.89 93.4 82.5

9 Moisture % 1.434 1.034 0.39 1.186 0.458 10 Sodium Absorption

Ratio (SAR) 1.737 3.01 1.794 2.327 3.655

11 pH 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.8 12 Electrical

Conductivity ms/cm 0.105 0.066 0.221 0.073 0.102

13 Chlorides (Cl) mg/gm 0.057 0.066 0.291 0.028 0.0713 14 Calcium (Ca) mg/l 0.572 0.376 0.675 1.161 0.478 15 Magnesium (Mg) mg/l 0.944 0.086 0.415 0.305 0.639 16 Sodium % 1513 1447 1325 1993 2732 17 Potassium % 0.55 0.90 0.74 0.320 0.280 18 Alkalinity (HCO3) mg/gm 0.326 0.214 0.206 0.239 0.354 19 Sulphate (SO4) mg/gm 0.309 0.308 0.315 0.207 0.366 20 Available Nitrogen 0.206 0.244 0.198 0.189 0.234 21 Total Phosphate mg/gm 0.275 0.169 0.206 0.169 0.153 22 Mercury (Hg) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 23 Barium (Ba) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 24 Lead (Pb) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 25 Zinc (Zn) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 26 Copper (Cu) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 27 Chromium (Cr) ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 28 Cadmium (Cd) mg/gm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 29 Total Hydrocarbons ppm BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

BDL: Below Detectable limit



ANNEXURE IX

LIST OF FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA

Sr. No. Local Name Botanical Name

1 Ala, Alad Ficus bengalensis 2 Ankul, Ankole Alangium lamarkii 3 Ari, Apta Bauhinia recemosa 4 Anjan, Karachi (Planted) Hardwickia binata 5 Atti, Umbar Millingtonia hortenis 6 Belpatri, Bal Aegle marmelos 7 Belwal Feronia elephantum 8 Banni, Shami Acacia arabica 9 Biligali, Bellaui Jali Acacia leucophloea

10 Babul, Jali Acacia arabuca 11 Bor, Barigid Zizyphus jujuba 12 Bhicky gidda Gardenia gummifera 13 Chinch, Hunse Tamarindus indica 14 Chandan, Sandalwood, Gandha Santalum album 15 Dindal, Dhavda Gardenia lucida 16 Gorvi Ixora parviflora 17 Ghatbor, Godchi, Ghoting Zizyphus xylopyra 18 Hanmanki Flacourtia ramontchi 19 Ippi, mari Bassia latifolia 20 Khair, Katinamara Acacia catechu 21 Kari Randia dumetorum 22 Kakki, Bava Capparis species 23 Mulmuttal, Pangara Erythrina indica 24 Muttal, Palas Butea frondosa 25 Mashwal Chloroxylon swietenia 26 Nekri Ximena americana 27 Neem, Bevu Melia azadirachta 28 Niral, Jambul Eugenia jambolana 29 Nelli Emblica officinalis 30 Sitaphal Anona squamosa 31 Tugli Albizzi 32 Tapasi Holoptelia integrifolia 33 Gajag Ceasalptina bonduce

SHURBS 1 Chadurang Lantana camara 2 Honnambri, Tarwad Cassia auriculata 3 Henkal Gymnosporia montana 4 Kalli, Sher Eupnorbia tirucalli 5 Kavli, Karwand Carissa Spinarum



Sr. No. Local Name Botanical Name

6 Lekki, Nirgudi Vitex negundo 7 Pargi Toddalia aculata 8 Revdi Capparis divaricata HURBS

1 Anantmul (Indian sarsaparila) Hemidusmus indicus 2 Nachike mullu Mimosa pudica CLIMBERS

1 Bondwel Lettsomia elliptica 2 Gulganj Abrus precatorius 3 Kusri, Wildjasmin, Advimallige Jasminum species 4 Palaswel Butea superba 5 Wagati Wagetea spicata

(Source: District Forest Office Bagalkote.)



ANNEXURE X

LIST OF FAUNA IN THE STUDY AREA

Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name

WILD ANIMALS 1 Common Jackal Canis- aureus 2 Common Wolf Canis-lypus pallipes 3 Common Mongoose Herpestes-edwardsi 4 Indian Hare Lepur-Nigricollis 5 Pangolin Manis- crassi caudata 6 Wild pig Sus-screfa 7 Cobra Naja-naja 8 Rat snakes Ptyas Mucosus 9 Viper Vipera russelli AVIFAUNA (Birds)

1 Baya – weaver Bird Ploceus philppinus 2 Small –Barbets Capitomidae 3 Bulbuls Pycnonotidae 4 Bustard Qualis Turnicidae 5 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis 6 Cuckoos Cuculidae 7 Doves Columbidae 8 Magpies Corvidae 9 Munias Estrildinae

10 Parakeets Psittacidae 11 Pigeons Columbidae 12 Sun birds Nectarinidae 13 Koel Eudynamys scolopocea 14 Peacock Pavo ciristatus 15 Yellow throated sparrow Passez domesticus 16 Tailor Bird Orthotomus - 17 White Backed vulture Gyps-bengalensis

(Source: District Forest Office Bagalkote.)



ANNEXURE XI-A

POPULATION BREAKUP WITHIN BUFFERZONE (As per 2001 Census)

Sr. No. I II III IV V VI VII VII IX

1 Hanamaneri Inam Rural 618 316 302 9 6 0 0

2 Yandigeri Rural 1724 850 874 58 72 24 27 3 Karadigudd Rural 553 264 289 3 7 37 34 4 Neerabudihal Rural 2077 1039 1038 76 46 10 9 5 Ganganabudihal Rural 1135 565 570 67 65 3 2 6 Kerakalamatti Rural 2079 1018 1061 96 106 117 129 7 Bandakeri Rural 855 418 437 63 58 79 95 8 Jalageri Rural 1554 790 764 61 66 105 97 9 Kalabandakeri Rural 997 509 488 28 30 76 75

10 Anawal Rural 2976 1493 1483 139 138 301 285 11 Yaragoppa Inam Rural 935 472 463 132 125 155 144 12 Lingapur Rural 895 437 458 34 49 1 1 13 Ankalagi Rural 1032 507 525 130 157 43 35 14 Kaladgi Rural 12135 6098 6037 536 570 417 430 15 Govindkopp Rural 1040 540 500 28 39 0 0 16 Hire-Sansi Rural 1020 496 524 12 21 0 0 17 Chikk-Sansi Rural 574 293 281 35 22 21 32 18 Devanal Rural 1852 954 898 74 80 36 28 19 Simikeri Rural 2879 1466 1413 183 153 359 359 20 Tulasigeri Rural 3731 1843 1888 296 306 347 373 21 Khajjidoni Rural 2575 1316 1259 148 155 143 126 22 Kalasakopp Rural 589 295 294 61 53 36 35

23 Chickka-Shellikeri Rural 1639 798 841 102 110 9 7

24 Hire-Shellikeri Rural 1912 974 938 83 82 229 221 25 Siraguppi Rural 2622 1248 1374 410 487 1 2

Total 49,998 24,999 24,999 2,864 3,003 2,549 2,546

Note: I – Village VI - Male Scheduled Caste

II- Rural or Urban VII - Female Scheduled Caste

III- Total Population VII - Female Scheduled Caste

IV- Total Male Population IX - Female Scheduled Tribes

V- Total Female Population



ANNEXURE XI-B

POPULATION & LITERACY BREAKUP WITHIN BUFFERZONE

(As per 2001 Census)

Sr. No. I II III IV V VI VII

1 Hanamaneri Inam 618 316 302 230 161 69 2 Yandigeri 1724 850 874 785 512 273 3 Karadigudd 553 264 289 233 151 82 4 Neerabudihal 2077 1039 1038 1148 718 430 5 Ganganabudihal 1135 565 570 408 283 125 6 Kerakalamatti 2079 1018 1061 708 479 229 7 Bandakeri 855 418 437 317 216 101 8 Jalageri 1554 790 764 616 420 196 9 Kalabandakeri 997 509 488 228 177 51

10 Anawal 2976 1493 1483 1230 784 446 11 Yaragoppa Inam 935 472 463 439 295 144 12 Lingapur 895 437 458 295 210 85 13 Ankalagi 1032 507 525 504 311 193 14 Kaladgi 12135 6098 6037 6350 3771 2579 15 Govindkopp 1040 540 500 429 302 127 16 Hire-Sansi 1020 496 524 346 236 110 17 Chikk-Sansi 574 293 281 349 220 129 18 Devanal 1852 954 898 887 577 310 19 Simikeri 2879 1466 1413 1186 794 392 20 Tulasigeri 3731 1843 1888 1545 971 574 21 Khajjidoni 2575 1316 1259 1445 916 529 22 Kalasakopp 589 295 294 209 137 72 23 Chickka-Shellikeri 1639 798 841 716 448 268 24 Hire-Shellikeri 1912 974 938 676 458 218 25 Siraguppi 2622 1248 1374 1013 681 332

Total 49,998 24,999 24,999 22,292 14,228 8,064 Total Literacy Percentage (%) 44.58 56.91 32.25

Note:

I- Village V- Total Literates

II- Total Population VI - Total Male Literates

III- Total Male Population VII- Total Female Literates

IV- Total Female Population



ANNEXURE XI-C

OCCUPATIONAL PATTERN WITHIN BUFFERZONE (As per 2001 Census)

Sr. No. I II III IV V VI VII

1 Hanamaneri Inam 117 1 1 10 81 210 2 Yandigeri 146 35 2 66 583 832 3 Karadigudd 61 9 5 26 47 148 4 Neerabudihal 229 167 12 163 279 850 5 Ganganabudihal 218 157 11 72 1 459 6 Kerakalamatti 237 347 13 183 229 1009 7 Bandakeri 81 32 7 65 257 442 8 Jalageri 103 21 16 99 459 698 9 Kalabandakeri 26 160 15 116 159 476

10 Anawal 396 532 65 141 412 1546 11 Yaragoppa Inam 65 31 6 87 337 526 12 Lingapur 158 4 41 94 170 467 13 Ankalagi 163 296 2 18 112 591 14 Kaladgi 569 1293 229 2241 389 4721 15 Govindkopp 221 166 14 27 130 558 16 Hire-Sansi 208 84 0 22 185 499 17 Chikk-Sansi 129 32 0 6 148 315 18 Devanal 396 107 1 90 513 1107 19 Simikeri 210 239 22 462 575 1508 20 Tulasigeri 613 557 42 312 423 1947 21 Khajjidoni 446 461 27 168 260 1362 22 Kalasakopp 83 203 0 46 12 344 23 Chickka-Shellikeri 147 150 92 197 242 828 24 Hire-Shellikeri 245 200 25 303 376 1149 25 Siraguppi 287 118 30 126 639 1200

Total 5,554 5,402 678 5,140 7,018 23,792

Note: I - Village V - Total Main other workers

II - Total Main Cultivators VI - Total Marginal workers

III - Total Main Agricultural Labourers VII -Total workers

IV - Main workers in Household industries



ANNEXURE XI-D1

AMENITIES AVAILABLE WITHIN BUFFERZONE (As per 2001 Census)

Sr. No. VILLAGE EDUCATION MEDICAL DRINKING WATER

A B C D E F A B C D E F A B C D E F G H1 Hanamaneri I 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 Yandigeri 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 Karadigudd 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 Neerabudihal 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 Ganganabudihal 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 Kerakalamatti 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 7 Bandakeri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 Jalageri 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 9 Kalabandakeri 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

10 Anawal 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 11 Yaragoppa I 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 12 Lingapur 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 13 Ankalagi 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 14 Kaladgi 1 1 2 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 15 Govindkopp 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 16 Hire-Sansi 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 17 Chikk-Sansi 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 18 Devanal 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 19 Simikeri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 20 Tulasigeri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 21 Khajjidoni 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 22 Kalasakopp 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 23 Chickka-Shellikeri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 24 Hire-Shellikeri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 25 Siraguppi 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0

Note: Where: 1- for Yes/Availability 2- for No/Non availability 3- for Nil information

EDUCATION MEDICAL FACILITY DRINKING WATER

A - Primary Schools A - Materity & child Welfare Centre A - Tap Water

B - Middle School B - Primary Health Centre B - Well Water C - Secondary School C - Primary Health Sub Centre C - Tank Water

D - Senior Secodary School D - Regd. Private Medical Practitioners D - Tubewell

E – College E - Community Health Workers E – Handpumps

F - Adult Literacy centre F - Other Medical Facilities F - River Water

G – Canals

H - Lakes



ANNEXURE XI-D2

AMENITIES AVAILABLE WITHIN BUFFERZONE (As per 2001 Census)

PO & TELE COMMUNICATION POWERSr. No.

VILLAGE

A B C D A B C D E A

1 Hanamaneri I 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 2 Yandigeri 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 3 Karadigudd 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 4 Neerabudihal 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 1 5 Ganganabudihal 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 6 Kerakalamatti 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 7 Bandakeri 1 0 0 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 8 Jalageri 1 0 0 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 9 Kalabandakeri 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1

10 Anawal 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 11 Yaragoppa I 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 12 Lingapur 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 13 Ankalagi 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 14 Kaladgi 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 15 Govindkopp 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 16 Hire-Sansi 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 17 Chikk-Sansi 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 18 Devanal 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 19 Simikeri 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 20 Tulasigeri 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 21 Khajjidoni 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 22 Kalasakopp 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 23 Chickka-Shellikeri 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 24 Hire-Shellikeri 0 0 0 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 25 Siraguppi 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1

Note: Where: 1- for Yes/Availability 2- for No/Non availability 3- for Nil information

POST & TELEGRAPH COMMUNICATION POWER

A- Post Office A- Bus Services A- Electricity

B- Telegraph Office B- Railways Services

C – Post & Telegraph Off C- Banking Facility

D- Telephone Connections D- Recreational & Cultural Facilities

E- Public Approach Road



ANNEXURE XII

HOURLY MEAN METROLOGICAL DATA OF WINTER SEASON

Hours. Wind Direction Wind Speedm/s

Temperature 0k Stability

Mixing Height

m 1 E 0.93 290.9 6 400 2 E 0.92 290.6 6 300 3 E 0.90 290.2 6 300 4 E 0.99 289.9 6 200 5 ESE 1.03 289.5 6 100 6 ESE 1.08 289 6 100 7 ESE 1.09 288.7 6 50 8 E 1.07 288.5 6 50 9 E 1.03 289 2 200

10 ESE 1.19 290.4 2 500 11 ESE 1.21 292.3 1 800 12 E 1.33 294.1 1 1000 13 E 1.25 297.95 1 1200 14 E 1.10 298.65 1 1300 15 SE 1.30 300.35 1 1200 16 ENE 1.30 302.65 1 1200 17 ESE 1.14 303.71 2 1000 18 E 1.21 299.85 2 700 19 E 1.14 297.35 6 700 20 E 1.09 295.2 6 650 21 E 1.04 294.2 6 600 22 E 0.95 293.4 6 500 23 ESE 0.86 292.1 6 400 24 E 1.00 291.3 6 400



ANNEXUERE XIII

TOR, MoEF (Govt. of India)



ANNEXUERE XIV

TOR EXPLANATION With reference to the TOR (Annexure XIII), herewith MML submitting the clarification for the same. i) Conceptual mining plan for every five years:

Conceptual mining plan for every five years, upto end of life of Chikkashellikere Limestone mine is enclosed at the end of this explanation as a Figure A.

ii) Green Belt Development: ► Green belt around site improves the aesthetics and provides a thick canopy

that helps in noise abatement, breaks wind-speed and improves soil conditions. The greenbelt around the plant premises would also reduce the noise levels and dust levels.

► The Afforestation (Restoration) / Green Belt plan has been prepared keeping in view the land use changes that will occur due to mining operation in the Chikkashellikere Mines area.

► Provide a green belt around the periphery of the mining area to combat the dispersal of dust in the adjoining areas;

► In view of the multiple applications of the greenbelt provided, local evergreen tree species with thick canopy and leaves of more surface area will be selected to trap the pollutants. MML proposes to stagewise develop a greenbelt within 30.35 ha. area.

► To ensure scientific support for environmental management programmes, the major effort aimed at promotion of environmental conservation and Green belt development will continue.

► Maintenance of green belt will be prime responsibility of MML and for this purpose it is propose, expert committee from professional agencies, academic institution and Govt officers appointed.

► On the basis of various references, government guidelines, local climatic conditions and environment point of view it is proposed the following species are suitable for plantations;

1) Trees- Neem, Chinch, Umbar, Apta, Dhavda and other fruit bearing plants

2) Shrubs –Karwand, Kalli, Honnambri, Pargi, Nirgudi etc

3) Herbs – Anantmul, Nachike mullu, Wagati etc



► Details of present and proposed afforestation / Green belt activities given in the Chapter 6 (sub point 6.7).

iii) Occupational Health and Safety measures:

MML propose the aim for Occupational health and safety, as a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields like:

• the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;

• the prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working conditions;

• the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;

• the placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs;

• the adaptation of work to humans.

► For the successful occupational health and safety practice requires the collaboration and participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes, and involves the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.

► Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives

of workers by reducing hazards and their consequences. Health and safety programmes also have positive effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits. At the same time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money.

► For all of the reasons given above, it is crucial that MML, workers and unions

are committed to health and safety and that: • workplace hazards are controlled - at the source whenever possible; • records of any exposure are maintained for many years; • both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the

workplace; • there is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both

workers and management; • worker health and safety efforts are ongoing.

► In order to develop a successful health and safety programme, it is essential that there be strong management commitment and strong worker participation in the effort to create and maintain a safe and healthy workplace. An effective management addresses all work-related hazards, not only those covered by government standards.

► In each workplace, the lines of responsibility from top to bottom need to be

clear, and workers should know who is responsible for different health and



safety issues. For the better health of MML employees, the following activities will be proposed by the organization at Chikkashellikere limestone mines:

• establishment of full fledged occupational health centre • trained full time qualified Doctor and Nurses in this centre • regular monitoring facilities for toxic gases • all essential testing facilities in this centre • this facility centre will be open for nearest village peoples in emergency at

free of cost • periodic training and inspections about prevention of diseases like malaria,

HIV etc. by facility centre to MML workers • collaboration with nearest Govt and Private hospitals for emergency major

treatments like operations etc. • One Hospital Proposed in the Bagalkot for MML Bagalkot sector Mines • Celebration and participation in various health days like world health,

occupational health day etc. and other related activities • educate the workers about health by informing, motivating and helping people

to adopt and maintain healthy practices and lifestyles. • arrangement of safety campaigns, lectures by experts to MML workers and

nearby villagers. • School health programme for promotion of healthy lifestyles.

-------------------------------------------------------------



Figure A: Conceptual Mining Plan

MDSW-Karnataka10

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