Mdst 3559-04-05-networks-and-graphs
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Transcript of Mdst 3559-04-05-networks-and-graphs
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Modeling Narrative with Networks, Graphs, and Matrices
MDST 3559: DataestheticsProf. Alvarado04/05/2011
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Business
• Problems with some comments being classified as spam
• Permissions for posting have been reset …• Final projects to be announced next Tuesday• Optional readings posted … see blog
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Review
• Text vs. Image• Views of Rustam• Implicit structures
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Text vs. Image
• The Images show that Zimmern’s translation is flawed
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Views of Rustam
• Compassionate but badass Hero; Batman
• Somewhere between King and peasant
• “He needs God to be with him, so he doesn’t appear to be a religious figure.” (?)
• Fears nothing• Resourceful• Part human, part animal• Arrogant• Quick-witted
• Chivalric Hero• A Prince (?)• “he had not of his own
choice chosen this adventure”
• Bound by Destiny• Agency is might• His sword is badass, it
“cleaves / Not the armour of jousting knights, / But the skulls of dragons and Deevs.”
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Rustam as Liminal Hero
SHAH
COUNCIL(Zal)
GENERAL(GEW)
RUSTAM
SON OF
AGENT OF
SUB FOR
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Structure?
Rustam = PowerPuff GirlsKai Kaus = MayorZal = Father (kind of)King of M = Mojo JojoWhite Deev = One of MJ's minionsLions, etc. = Fuzzy Lumpkins?
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Structure
Frodo = DorothyRing = SlippersSam = Tin Man, etc.Gandalf = Good WitchSauron = Bad WitchGollum = Toto -> mediator
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Structure
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http://oceansunfish.org/evolution.php
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Structuralist “Prosopography”
Recurring patterns and structures imply cultural modelsPolitical Organization
KING / COUNCILLOR (PRIEST) / WARRIORNature of Power
Royal Power is fragile and dependentNow, How to Describe and Represent?
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http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v7/n5/fig_tab/nrg1835_F3.html
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Overview
• Discuss Ramsay, “In Praise of Pattern,” to explore ways of modeling and visualizing narrative
• Look at some other examples• Discuss graphable patterns in the Shahnameh,
in preparation for hands-on work Thursday
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In Praise of Pattern
• Ramsay argues that, in addition to the quantitative theorems of graph theory, graphs make good visualizations
• They help you notice things, patterns• See version with images
http://studio1.shanti.virginia.edu/~rca2t/dataesthetics/04-05/ramsay-2005.html
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Graph Theory
• The Geometry of Posistion (actually coined by Leibniz)
• Reduces things to “vertices” and “edges”– Or “nodes” and “links” (dots and lines)
• Theorems concern features such– number of nodes– number of edges– number of edges per node– “degrees” of separation between nodes, etc.
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Euler’s Solution to the Seven Bridges Problem
3
3
3
5
Vizualized in this way, the problem becomes one of drawing the picture without retracing any line and without picking up the pencil.
It becomes clear that nodes with with odd numbered links are a problem – if you come back to it, and aren’t finished, you are stuck …
http://mathforum.org/isaac/problems/bridges2.html
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Shaded Similarity Matrices
“You take a set of data measurements for a set of classes and use it to create another table that expresses degrees of proximity among those measurements. . .
“You then reorganize those values so that “more similar” values are adjacent to one another, assign each value a color, and arrange them in a grid.”
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Ramsay’s Application
• Correlate graph properties with genre for plays– 5 properties: Distinct, Total, Singles, Loops, and Switches– 4 genres: Romance, Tragedy, History, and Comedy– “Low-level” vs. “high-level” properties
• Method– X and Y axes both show plays, colored by genre– Each cell in the matrix is shaded according to similarity
in terms of low-level properties– Low-level properties are added successively and the
order of plays is changed to find clustering
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PROTOVIS
“Adjacency matrix” of characters in Les Misérables
http://vis.stanford.edu/protovis/ex/matrix.html
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The Charrette Project
A database of manuscripts, the critical edition, and poetic and grammatical data associated with Chrétien de Troyes's Le Chevalier de la Charrette (Lancelot, ca. 1180)
Home page:http://www.princeton.edu/~lancelot/ss/index.shtmlInteractive database:http://gravitas.princeton.edu/charrette/figura/index.php
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http://studio1.shanti.virginia.edu/~rca2t/dataesthetics/CASES/Charrette/hg/
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Data Models
http://studio1.shanti.virginia.edu/~rca2t/dataesthetics/04-05/example-01.php
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Patterns in the Shahnameh
• Characteristic events (event types) and sequences– E.g. drinking wine
• Implied social networks• Next week, we will look at these patterns and
explore tools to visualize them