MDGs_kuliah
Transcript of MDGs_kuliah
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The millenium development goalseight goals for 2015
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8 goals
1. Eradicate extrempoverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality & enpower women4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combate HIV/AIDS,malaria &other diseases7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for development
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Eradicate extrem poverty
The proportion of people living on less than $1.25 a day fellfrom 47 per cent in 1990 to 24 per cent in 2008areduction from over 2 billion to less than 1.4 billion.
Preliminary estimates indicate that the global poverty rateat $1.25 a day fell in 2010 to less than half the 1990 rate. Ifthese results are confirmed, the first target of the MDGscutting the extreme poverty rate to half its 1990 levelwillhave been achieved at the global level well ahead of 2015.
Women are far more likely than men to be engaged invulnerable employment
The numbers of malnourished have stabilized since 1990
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advanced....
Progress in relieving food deprivation has slowed or
stalled in many regions Countries in sub-Saharan Africa were the hardest hit
by the food and financial crises
Nearly one in five children under age five in the
developing world is underweight Differences in undernutrition found between rural and
urban children are largest in Latin America and theCaribbean
Poverty is a major determinant of undernutrution inchildren in all regions
The number of refugees and of the displaced remainshigh, even with an upturn in repatriation in 2011
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Achieve universal primary education
In the developing regions, the net enrolment rate
for children of primary school age rose from 82 to
90 per cent between 1999 and 2010. However, a
closer look at the data reveals that nearly all of this
growth occurred between 1999 and 2004, and thatprogress in reducing the number of out-of-school
children slowed considerably after 2004.
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Promote gender equality and
empower women Parity is achieved in developing world primary
schools, even though some regions lag behind
Gender disparities emerge at different points throughthe education system
Girls from the poorest households face the highestbarriers to education
Equal access to job opportunities remains a distanttarget for women in some regions
Women, more often than men, turn to the informaleconomy
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Reduce child mortality
Globally, deaths within the first month of life fell from 32 per 1,000 livebirths in 1990 to 23 in 2010.
Since 1990, in the developing regions, the mortality rate of under-fiveyears old has declined by 35 percent, from 97 deaths per 1,000 births to
63. Sub- Saharan Africa has doubled its average rate of child mortality
reduction from 1.2 percent a year during 1990-2000, to 2.4 percentduring 2000-2010.
Sub-Saharan Africa suffers though a higher neonatal mortality rate (35deaths per 1,000 live births in 2010) than any other region, and has
recorded the least improvement over the last two decades. Children in the developing regions as a whole, are twice as likely to diebefore their fifth birthday as children in the richest 20 percent ofhouseholds.
Sub-Saharan Africa had a 85 percent drop in measles deaths between2000 and 2010.
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Improve maternal health An estimated 287,000 maternal deaths occurred in 2010
worldwide, a decline of 47 percent from 1990.
The regions with the highest maternal mortality, sub Saharan
Africa and Southern Asia, are also those with the lowest coverage
of births attended by skilled health personnelless than half.
The rural-urban gap in skilled care during childbirth has
narrowed.
The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births is down
from 440 in 1990 to 240 in 2010, for the developing regions as a
whole.
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advanced...
hile Southern Africa reported almost universal coverage in 2010,
in West Africa about one-third of women did not receive
antenatal care visits.
The use of contraception is lowest among the poorest women
and those with no education.
More than half of all women aged 15 to 49 who were married or
in a union were using some form of contraception in 2010 in all
regions except sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania.
Fewer teens are having children in most regions, but progresshas slowed.
Maternal health coverage has progressively increased in
developing regions from 63 percent in 1990 to 71 percent in 2000,
and then to 80 percent in 2010.
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Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and
other diseases In sub-Saharan Africa, annual new infections in 2011 reached 1.7
million people, including 300,000 children. This is 21 percent lowerthan the 1997 peak and 15 percent lower than in 2001.
The number of people dying of AIDS- related causes fell to 1.7 million
in 2011, a decline of 24% since the peak in 2005. At the end of 2011, an estimated 8 million people people were receiving
antiretroviral therapy for HIV or AIDS in low- and middle-incomecountries, up from 6.6 million people in 2010 and up from just 400 000in 2003.
HIV incidence and prevalence is substantially lower in Asia than in
some other regions. But the absolute size of the Asia population meansit has the second largest number of people living with HIV. 57% of HIV-positive pregnant women received treatment to prevent
HIV transmission to their child in 2011. The estimated incidence of malaria globally has decreased by 17
percent since 2000, and malaria-specific mortality rates by 25 percent.
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Ensure environmental
sustainability The net loss worldwide of forests decreased over the last 20
years, from -8.3 million hectares per year in the 1990s to -5.2 million hectares per year in the last decade.
Overexploitation of global fisheries has stabilized, butsteep challenges remain to ensure their sustainability.
The number of people who do not use any facility andresort to open defecation has decreased by 271 million since
1990. But there remain 1.1 billion people, or 15 percent ofthe global people with no sanitation facilities at all.
The number of people using improved drinking watersources reached 6.1 billion in 2010, up by over 2 billion
since 1990.
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advanced..
In 2010, 89 percent of the worlds population was usingimproved water sources, up from 76 percent in 1990.
The share of urban slum residents in the developingworld declined from 39 percent in 2000 to 33 percentin 2012.
More than 200 million people gained access to
improved water sources , improved sanitationfacilities, or durable or less crowded housing.
Slum prevalence remains high in sub-Saharan Africaand increase in countries affected by conflict
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A global partnership for development
Official development assistance stands at 0.31 per cent of thecombined national income of developed countries, still far short ofthe 0.7 per cent UN target.
Aid to the African continent increased by 0.9 percent to 31.4 billionin 2011, but remains below expectations.
Developing countries gain greater access to the markets ofdeveloped countries.
In 2011, 75 percent of the worldwide mobile cellular subscriptionswere in the developing regions, up from 59 percent in 2006.
By the end of 2011, over 160 countries in the world had launched 3Gmobile broadband services and 45 percent of the populationworldwide was covered by a high-speed mobile broadband signal.
The developing world share of the worlds Internet users rose to 63percent in 2011, when 35 percent of the world was online.
Only 1 in 6 people in the developing world has access to the Internet
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Sebagai salah satu anggota PBB, Indonesia
memiliki dan ikut melaksanakan komitmen
tersebut dalam upaya untuk mensejahterakanmasyarakat
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STRATEGI PENCAPAIAN MDGs
MELALUI AKREDITASI1. Memasukkan MDGs dalam standar dan elemen penilaian
akreditasi RS. Diharapkan standar yang telah ditetapkan
dalam rangka mempercepat Pencapaian MDGs khususnya
penurunan angka kematian bayi dan peningkatan kesehatan ibu,penurunan angka kesakitan HIV/AIDS,
PenurunanangkakesakitanTB akan dilaksanakan dengan sebaikbaiknya oleh RS seluruhIndonesia
2. Melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi untuk perbaikan
pencapaian program di RS melalui pembuatan perencanaan
perbaikan strategis (PPR) yang dievaluai setiap tahun
bersamaan dengan pelaksanaan proses survei pendampingan
Akreditasi
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BAGAN
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Sasaran Milenium Development
GoalsSasaran I : Penurunan Angka Kematian Bayi
dan Peningkatan Kesehatan Ibu
Sasaran II : Penurunan Angka KesakitanHIV/AIDS
Sasaran III : Penurunan Angka Kesakitan TB
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Penurunan angka kematian bayi
dan peningkatan kesehatan ibuStandar SMDGs .1.
Maksud dan Tujuan
Rumah sakit melaksanakan
pelayanan obstetrik & neonatus
komprehensif
Proses persalinan dan perawatan bayi harus
dilakukan dalam sistem terpadu dalam bentukpelayanan obstetrik & neonatus komprehensif di
rumah sakit dan pelayanan obstetrik dan neonatus
dasar di Puskesmas
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LANGKAHLANGKAH PELAYANAN
OBSTETRIK & NEONATUS
KOMPREHENSIF
1. Melaksanakan & menerapkan standar pelayanan
perlindungan ibu dan bayi secara terpadu & paripurna.2. Mengembangkan kebijakan&SPO sesuai standar
3. Meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan ibu & bayi
termasuk kepedulian terhadap ibu & bayi.
4. Meningkatkan kesiapan RS dalam melaksanakan fungsi
pelayanan obstetrik & neonatus komrehensif
termasuk pelayanan kegawat daruratan
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LANJUTAN .....5. Meningkatkan fungsi RS sbg model &pembina teknis dalam Inisisasi Menyusui Dini
(IMD) dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif
6. Meningkatkan fungsi RS sbg pusat rujukanyankes ibu & bayi bagi saryankes lain
7. Meningkatkan fungsi RS dalam PerawatanMetode Kangguru (PMK) pada BBLR
8. Melaksanakan sistem Monev pelaksanaanprogram Rumah Sakit Sayang Ibu Bayi(RSSIB) 10 langkah menyusui & peningkatankesehatan ibu
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PENURUNAN ANGKA KESAKITAN
HIV/AIDSStandar SMDGs .II.
Maksud dan Tujuan
1.RS melaksanakan Penanggulangan HIV/AIDSsesuai pedoman rujukan ODHA
2.kemudahan akses bagi ODHA untuk mendapatkan
layanan pencegahan, pengobatan, dukungan &
perawatan, shg diharapkan lebih banyak ODHA
yang memperoleh pelayanan yang berkualitas di
RS yang ditetapkan sbg RS rujukan ODHA.
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Langkahlangkah
penanggulangan HIV/AIDS1. Meningkatkan fungsi yan VCT (Voluntary Counseling & Testing);
2. Meningkatkan fungsi pelayanan ART (Antiretroviral Therapy);
3. Meningkatkan fungsi pelayanan PMTCT (Prevention Mother toChild Transmision);
4. Meningkatkan fungsi pelayanan Infeksi Oportunistik (IO);
5. Meningkatkan fungsi pelayanan pada Orang Dengan HIV AIDS
(ODHA) dengan faktor risiko Injection Drug User (IDU); &6. Meningkatkan fungsi pelayanan penunjang: gizi, laboratorium,
dan radiologi, pencatatan dan pelaporan.
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Standar SMDGs .III.
Maksud dan Tujuan
1. Rumah sakit melaksanakan Penanggulangan TB
sesuai pedoman strategi DOTS2. Penerapan strategi DOTS TB di RS dalam
meningkatan angka :
-Penemuan kasus (care detection rate, CDR),-Keberhasilan pengobatan (cure rate), dan
-Keberhasilan rujukan (success referal rate).
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kesimpulanMasuknya sasaran MDGs dalam standar daninstrumen akreditasi RS diharapkan akan
Mempercepat Pencapaian sasaran MDGs
Khususnya Penurunan Angka Kematian Bayi
Dan Peningkatan Kesehatan Ibu serta
Penurunan Angka Kesakitan HIV/AIDS,
Penurunan Angka Kesakitan TB melaluipnerapan standar standar tersebut di rumah
sakit serta maupun monitoring dan
evaluasinya
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Merci bien