Windows XP Boot Process 70-270: MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows XP Professional.
MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 - Olympic...
Transcript of MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 - Olympic...
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MCSE Guide to Microsoft
Windows 7
Chapter 3
Using the System Utilities
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Objectives
• Understand and use the Control Panel applets
• Understand the Administrative Tools
• Manage hardware components
• Understand and configure power management
• Configure the display
• Use Task Scheduler
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Control Panel Overview
• Control Panel
– Central location for management utilities
• Windows 7 uses the same Control Panel design as
Windows Vista
• Applet
– Small application or utility that is used to perform
management tasks in Windows 7
• By default, Control Panel uses Category view
– Offers an intuitive way for less experienced
computer users
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Control Panel Overview (cont'd.)
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Control Panel Overview (cont'd.)
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System and Security
• Wide range of applets for managing Windows 7
• Applets include:
– Action Center
– Windows Firewall
– System
– Windows Update
– Power Options
– Backup and Restore
– BitLocker Drive Encryption
– Administrative Tools
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System and Security (cont'd.)
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System and Security (cont'd.)
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Network and Internet
• Applets for configuring network communication
• Applets are updated from Windows Vista
• Applets include:
– Network and Sharing Center
– HomeGroup
– Internet Options
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Network and Internet (cont'd.)
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Network and Internet (cont'd.)
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Hardware and Sound
• Configure a wide range of hardware settings
– For most device types, this category does not allow
you to configure device drivers
• Applets include:
– Devices and Printers
– AutoPlay
– Sound
– Power Options
– Display
– Windows Mobility Center
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Hardware and Sound (cont'd.)
• Applets include (cont'd.):
– Biometric Devices
– Tablet PC Settings
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Hardware and Sound (cont'd.)
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Hardware and Sound (cont'd.)
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Hardware and Sound (cont'd.)
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Programs
• Applets to install, manage, and uninstall
applications
• Applets include:
– Programs and Features
– Default Programs
– Desktop Gadgets
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Programs (cont'd.)
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Programs (cont'd.)
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User Accounts and Family Safety
• Configure user accounts and parental controls
• Applets include:
– User Accounts
– Parental Controls
– Windows CardSpace
– Credential Manager
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User Accounts and Family Safety
(cont'd.)
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Appearance and Personalization
• Modify the user interface for Windows 7
• Applets include:
– Personalization
– Display
– Desktop Gadgets
– Taskbar and Start Menu
– Ease of Access Center
– Folder Options
– Fonts
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Appearance and Personalization
(cont'd.)
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Clock, Language, and Region
• Applets for configuring time, regional format, and
language settings
• Applets include:
– Date and Time
– Regional and Language Options
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Clock, Language, and Region (cont'd.)
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Ease of Access
• Makes Windows 7 easier to use
• Applets include:
– Ease of Access Center
– Speech Recognition Options
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Ease of Access (cont'd.)
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Administrative Tools
• Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
– Framework that simplifies the development of
administrative tools
• Utilities include:
– Component Services
– Computer Management
– Data Sources (ODBC)
– Event Viewer
– iSCSI Initiator
– Local Security Policy
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Administrative Tools (cont'd.)
• Utilities include (cont'd.):
– Performance Monitor
– Print Management
– Services
– System Configuration
– Task Scheduler
– Windows Firewall with Advanced Security
– Windows Memory Diagnostic
– Windows Powershell Modules
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Administrative Tools (cont'd.)
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Microsoft Management Console
• Graphical interface shell that provides a structured
environment to build management utilities
• Network administrators use MMC consoles with
snap-ins to perform management tasks
• Console is like a document window
– Each console can host one or more snap-ins
• Snap-in
– Component that adds control mechanisms to the
MMC console for a specific service or object
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Microsoft Management Console
(cont'd.)
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Microsoft Management Console
(cont'd.)
• Can create a customized MMC console
– By adding the snap-ins you want to a single console
– And then saving the console as an .msc file
• Can share .msc files between users and computers
– You may restrict the ability of others to modify them
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Microsoft Management Console
(cont'd.)
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Computer Management
• MMC console
– Serves as a common troubleshooting and
administrative interface for several snap-ins
– Divided into three sections
• System Tools, Storage, and Services and Applications
• System Tool section contains:
– Task Scheduler
– Event Viewer
– Shared Folders
– Local Users and Groups
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Computer Management (cont'd.)
• System Tool section contains (cont'd.):
– Performance
– Device Manager
• Storage section contains:
– Disk Management
• Services and Applications section contains:
– Services
– WMI Control
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Services
• Services
– Type of Windows application that runs in the
background without user interaction
– Typically perform tasks for other software
applications
• Or perform housekeeping tasks for Windows 7
• Services administrative tool
– Used to manage Windows 7 services
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Services (cont'd.)
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Services (cont'd.)
• Service information
– Name
– Description
– Status
– Startup Type
– Log On As
• Properties of a service
– General
– Log On
– Recovery
– Dependencies MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 39
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Hardware Management
• Windows 7 supports a wide variety of internal and
external hardware components
• Windows 7 requires device drivers to manage and
communicate with hardware components
• Windows 7 Compatibility Center
– List of software or hardware and associated device
drivers that have been tested with Windows 7
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Device Drivers
• Device drivers
– Allow Windows 7 to properly communicate with and
use the functionality of a device
– Act as an intermediary between a hardware
component and an operating system
– Contain the instructions on how to use the full
capabilities of a device properly
• In some cases, a device driver not specifically
designed for a hardware component may allow that
component to function
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Device Driver Compatibility
• Some device drivers for previous versions of
Windows do not work properly with Windows 7
• Potential compatibility issues
– 64-bit version of Windows 7 requires 64-bit drivers
– All driver files referenced in an INF file must be part
of the driver installation package
– Installers cannot display a user interface during
installation
– Digital signatures are required for 64-bit drivers that
run in kernel mode
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Device Driver Compatibility (cont'd.)
• Potential compatibility issues (cont'd.)
– Driver user interfaces may not appear properly
– Registry management changes for 64-bit Windows 7
may prevent drivers from updating settings properly
– Video drivers written for Windows 2000 or Windows
XP cannot support the new Aero Glass interface
– Windows 7 uses the NDIS 6.20 interface for network
devices
– Kernel mode printer drivers cannot be used in
Windows 7
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Device Manager
• Device Manager
– Primary tool for managing device drivers
– View and modify hardware device properties
• Tasks performed with Device Manager include:
– Determining if installed hardware is functioning
correctly
– Viewing and changing hardware resource settings
– Determining and changing the drivers used by a
device
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Device Manager (cont'd.)
• Tasks performed with Device Manager include
(cont'd.):
– Enabling, disabling, and uninstalling devices
– Configuring advanced settings for devices
– Viewing and printing summary information about
installed devices
• After installing Windows 7
– Use Device Manager to confirm that all devices are
working properly
• You can install an updated device driver from the
Driver tab in the Device Properties MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 45
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Device Manager (cont'd.)
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Device Manager (cont'd.)
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Device Driver Signing
• Windows 7 uses file signatures on system files to
ensure system stability
• Device driver signing
– Ensures that a driver for a specific hardware
component has been verified by Microsoft
• From a known software publisher
– Ensures that the device driver has not been modified
in any way since it was signed
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Device Driver Signing (cont'd.)
• Installing an unsigned driver generates the
following messages:
– Windows can’t verify the publisher of this driver
software
– This driver software has been altered
– Windows cannot install this driver software
• File Signature Verification utility
– Verify that existing drivers and system files are
signed
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Hardware Component Installation
• Components are assigned resource settings
– Allow them to access the system processor and
memory in different ways
• Four main resources
– Direct memory access (DMA) channels
– Input/output (I/O) ranges
– Interrupt request (IRQ) lines
– Memory address ranges
• Windows 7 no longer supports legacy Industry
Standard Architecture (ISA) devices
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Hardware Component Installation
(cont'd.)
• Peripheral Component Interface (PCI) devices
support plug and play
– Which automatically assigns resources to devices
• Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices are also plug
and play
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Power Management
• Minimizing power usage is driven by both cost and
environmental factors
• Windows 7 has a power management structure
introduced in Windows Vista
– Relies on power management capabilities built into a
computer to perform power management
• Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
(ACPI) standard
– Defines power states for global power management
and individual devices
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ACPI States
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Sleep Mode in Windows 7
• Previous versions of Windows had two sleep states
– Standby put the computer in the S3 state
– Hibernate put the computer in the S4 state
• Windows 7 uses a combination of the S3 and S4
states called hybrid sleep
– Saves memory to disk when entering the S3 state
• Hybrid sleep advantages:
– If power is lost in the S3 state, the computer can
recover from the S4 state on reboot
– Eliminates the requirement to leave Standby mode
to enter hibernation MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 54
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Sleep Mode in Windows 7 (cont'd.)
• Other enhancements to power management
– Resume from S3 state in less than 3 seconds
– Resume from S4 state in less than 10 seconds
– Updated USB hub driver that initializes faster
– Optimized use of processor power management
– Support for additional devices such as graphics
cards and wireless network cards
– Support for screen brightness in policies
– Enhanced hard drive management by extending the
time a hard drive is off
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Sleep Mode in Windows 7 (cont'd.)
• Other enhancements to power management
(cont'd.)
– Closing a laptop case can trigger sleep mode
– Sleep mode as default shutdown option to speed
startup
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Power Plans
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Away Mode
• Computers in Away Mode are in the S0 state
– Computer looks and sounds like it is off
• Maximizes all of the device level power savings
– While continuing to work in the background if
required
• Characteristics
– Video is blanked
– Audio is muted
– Keyboard and mouse input is filtered out
– S0 power state
– May still idle to sleep based on the power plan MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 58
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Display
• Windows 7 has an entirely new system for graphics
presentation
• Aero Glass interface requires a display driver that
supports:
– Windows Display Driver Model (WDDM)
– DirectX 9.0c
• In addition to transparency of windows, Aero Glass
provides:
– Live taskbar thumbnails
– Windows Flip
– Windows Flip 3D MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 7 59
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Display Settings
• Allows you to configure the screen resolution and
color depth for your display
– Other more complex options such as screen refresh
rate are available in the Advanced Settings
• Screen resolution
– Number of pixels that are displayed
• Color depth
– Indicates how many bits of information are used to
store color information about each pixel in the
display
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Display Settings (cont'd.)
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Visual Effects
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Themes
• Personalization applet
– Lets you select from several predefined color
themes
• Controls the color of windows, backgrounds, sounds
and screen saver
• Some of the themes are high contrast to help
people with visual impairments see information
better
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Desktop Backgrounds
• Personalizing the desktop background
– One of the most common actions users want to
perform when receiving a new computer
• Windows 7 comes with a number of desktop
backgrounds for you to choose from
• When you select a desktop background
– Must also select how graphic is laid out on the page
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Screen Savers
• Screen savers were used to prevent screen burn in
– Now a security mechanism for locking a computer
• To increase security
– Enable the On resume, display logon screen option
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Multiple Monitors
• Windows 7 supports multiple monitors attached to
a single computer
• Options
– Mirrored
– Extended
– External display only
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Task Scheduler
• Allows you to be proactive about computer
maintenance
• Many Windows maintenance tasks are now
performed automatically by the Task Scheduler
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Summary
• Control Panel is a central location for management
utilities
• Administrative Tools is a collection of system
maintenance utilities
• Windows 7 uses device drivers to properly
communicate with various hardware components
• Device Manager is the MMC snap-in that is used to
manage device drivers and hardware components
• Windows 7 will allow 32-bit systems to install
unsigned device drivers
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Summary (cont'd.)
• Enhanced Power Management in Windows 7
– Sleep feature easier to use
• For Aero Glass interface, you need a video card
and video driver that support the WDDM and
DirectX 9.0c
• Display can be customized by controlling the
display resolution, color depth, and refresh rate
• Enhanced Task Scheduler with security
improvements for credentials, improved logging,
and expanded triggers for starting tasks
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