Improving Occupational Health & Safety Standards within the Ship Dismantling Industry through

Accident, Incident & Near Miss Investigation and Reporting

R.E. Kurt, S.A. McKenna, B. Doyduk Attila, O. Turan

9th April 2013

•  Introduction •  Ship Dismantling in Turkey •  Accident investigation and reporting in

Turkey •  Health and safety background •  Proposed methodology for ship

dismantling •  Conclusions

Overview

•  Occupational health and safety conditions in dismantling yards and environmental concerns

Introduction

•  Triggered new regulations –  International Maritime

Organisation’s (IMO) Hong Kong Convention

– EU’s Ship Recycling Regulation

Ship Dismantling in Turkey

§  Aliaga is the only location where ship dismantling is allowed

§  Currently there are more than 20 facilities in operation

§  In 2012 more than 280 ships have been recycled in Aliaga.  

§  More than 1000 workers are employed in Aliaga Ship Recycling Yards

Regulatory Framework •  Regulation on Ship Dismantling •  Turkish Labour Law 4857 •  Turkish Social Insurance and Universal

Health Insurance Law 5510 •  Both laws 4857 and 5510 enforce that

work accident and occupational disease needs to be reported

Ship Dismantling in Turkey

•  From 2003 onwards HSE conditions in Aliaga have been improved

•  Due to the changes in laws to adopt EU regulations, when compared to the other main ship dismantling nations, Turkey has taken the lead and initiative to improve, workers occupational health and safety and training.

•  Next step can be the adaptation of a proper accident and near misses system in the Aliaga ship dismantling yards.

Ship Dismantling in Turkey

•  On average 250 employees and self-employed people are killed each year in the workplace (HSE, 2001).

•  A further 150 000 sustain major injuries or injuries that mean they are absent from work for more than three days.

•  Over 2.3 million cases of ill health at work (HSE, 2003).

•  Over 40 million days are lost through work injuries and ill health, at a cost of £2.5 billion (HSE, 1999) & (EU, 2001).

Health and Safety (UK)

•  Same accidents tend to happen again and again

•  It is critical to have a detailed investigation and analysis of work-related accidents, incidents and near misses –  so that lesson can be learned, – measures put in place and –  procedures changed

The fact is;

•  Based on HSE’s proven RIDDOR process •  Within any accident investigation there is a clear

process that should be carried out in order to achieve the following outputs (HSE, 2001): –  determining the cause of the accident and

suggestions on how to prevent similar accidents. –  determining if any broken legal requirements –  determining the cost of the accident, –  determining compliance with applicable safety

regulations, –  help process workers' compensation claims.

Proposed Methodology

Adverse Event

Accident Undesired Circumstance  

Near Miss  

Source: HSE (UK)

Accident Investigation Flow Adverse Event

Emergency Response (Accident)

Preliminary Investigation and Reporting to the Regulatory Authority

Risk Control Action Plan

Accident Investigation Technique

EU FP7 DIVEST Project listed and compared the accident investigation techniques following are the findings: •  For an accident investigation technique to satisfy the

needs of the ship dismantling industry, must address and incorporate the following characteristics: –  Easy to use, implement and understand –  Requires a minimum amount of people –  Must strike a balance between time taken and

investigation quality –  Identify the core reason for the adverse event –  Allow for easy implementation of mitigating actions

Accident Investigation

Accident Investigation Process

Deviation investigation, is an extension of the risk analysis method known as deviation analysis (Harms-Ringdahl, 2009)

Deviation Investigation

1   • Summarise  The  Accident  Sequence  

2   • Iden7fy  Devia7ons  

3   • Assess  Devia7ons  

4   • Propose  Safety  Measures  

AIM: To identify if the deviation investigation method is applicable accident investigation in a ship dismantling facility •  2 different accidents investigated •  Workers response has been recorded

Aliaga Test Case

KEYPOINTS: •  Are standard procedures available? •  Are they applicable and being used? •  Are they keen on developing or editing

such procedures? •  If standard procedures would be available,

is deviation investigation analysis method applicable to ship dismantling business?

•  Are they keen on implementing such system.

It is predicted that with the introduction of standard procedures then deviation investigation can be applied in a ship dismantling context. Following are important: •  Reporting of adverse events to the appropriate

authorities •  Responsibilities and Representation •  Standard Procedures

Conclusion

Conclusion

Deviation investigation technique will be introduced

and taught to Turkish Ship dismantling yard managers during the 1st pilot of Ship DIGEST

Project

Acknowledgement

This paper is part of EU funded LLP Ship DIGEST

project.

We are also grateful for the cooperation of ship dismantling yards operating in Aliaga Turkey.