MB101-M8 Chapter 01 Basic Mathematics

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Welcome to

Business Mathematics Course

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elak lIm dWluc

Mathematics for Business


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Lecturer: Lim Delux

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Chapter 01

Basic Mathematics


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Learning Objectives

In this chapter you will learn to :

- Carry out calculations involving wholenumbers

- Carry out calculations involving fractions

- Carry out calculations involving decimals

- Carry out calculations involving exponents

- Use and understand scientific notation

- Use and understand logarithms

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Chapter Outline

Whole numbers

Fractions

Decimals

Exponents

Scientific notation

Logarithms

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Whole Numbers

- Integers: -5,-3,0,2,5 cMnYnKt;

- Whole Numbers: 0,1,2,3 cMnYnKt;viCman

- Natural Numbers: 1,2,3cMnYnKt;;FmCati

Negative integers Positive integers

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Whole Numbers

A digit is defined as one of the numerals

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Example:9- one digit

78- two digits

999- three digits

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Whole Numbers

Write in word of numbers

56 consists of 6 ones and 5 tens

365 consists of 5 ones, 6 tens and 3hundreds

34 998

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Whole Numbers

1 ones or units

10 Tens

100 Hundreds1000 Thousands

10 000 Tens of thousands

100 000 Hundreds of thousands1 000 000 Millions

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Whole Numbers

There are four mathematical operations

1. Multiplication/ Multiply2. Division/ Divide

3. Addition/ Add/Plus

4. Subtraction/ Minus

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Fractions

A fraction is an expression that appears inthe form

a

----

b

a is called numeratorb is called denominator

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Decimals

A decimal consists of three components: aninteger, followed by a decimal point,followed by another integer

Example: 0.3, 0.47

$ 3.030.33

.33

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Decimals

Express as fraction

?

0.3 = ----?

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Exponents

An exponent or power is a number that iswritten as a superscript to another numbercalled the base

an

Where ais called base

nis called exponent or power

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Exponents

- Product

am* an= am + n

- Quotient ( division)am

----- = am - n

an

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Exponents

n mn

m

aa )(

m

m

a

a

1

n

mnnm

i

aa

)1(

1

)(

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Scientific notation

Scientific notation is a shorthand way ofwriting such numbers in a moreconvenient form

Example315.68 = 3.1568* 10 2

0.456 = 4.56 * 10-1

45600 = 4.56 *10 4

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Scientific notation

Scientific notation is a shorthand way ofwriting such numbers in a moreconvenient form

Reference position is immediately to theright of the first non-zero digit

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Logarithms

The logarithm of a number N to a base b is thepower to which b must be raised to obtain N

NblogNx

blog

x

bN

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Logarithms

Characteristic and mantissa

Suppose that the logarithm of a positivenumber is expressed as an integer plus anon-negative decimal fraction

- The integer is called the characteristics

- The decimal fraction is called mantissa

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Logarithms

Example

563.2 = 5.632 *102

Log 563.2 = log (5.632*10 2)

= log 5.632+ log 102

= log 5.632 + 2

Characteristics

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MB101-M8 Chapter 01 Basic Mathematics

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