MATTER, MASS, DENSITY, PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE Working toward basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Theory.
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MATTER, MASS, DENSITY, PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE Working toward basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Theory
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Molecules Atoms combine to form more complex structures we call molecule In general – Electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together Covalent bonds Different from Ions! Compounds versus molecules All compounds are molecules – not all molecules are compounds Compounds consist of 2 different elements (eg. H 2 0) Molecular H 2, O 2, N 2 are NOT compounds (molecules are of a single element CO 2, H 2 O, CH 4 are compounds (2 different types of elements
Transcript of MATTER, MASS, DENSITY, PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE Working toward basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Theory.
MATTER, MASS, DENSITY, PRESSURE, TEMPERATUREWorking toward basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Theory
Matter• Defined:
• Anything that occupies space and has a mass• Substances are composed of small particles called atoms.
Molecules• Atoms combine to form more complex structures we call molecule• In general –
• Electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together• Covalent bonds
• Different from Ions!
• Compounds versus molecules• All compounds are molecules – not all molecules are compounds• Compounds consist of 2 different elements (eg. H20)
• Molecular H2, O2, N2 are NOT compounds (molecules are of a single element
• CO2, H2O, CH4 are compounds (2 different types of elements
Mass• The ‘amount of substance or matter’
• A natural unit for mass is the mass of a proton or neutron • AMU – atomic mass unit
• 1 slug = 14.59 kg = 8.79 x10 27 amu
• 1 kg = 6.02 x 10 26
Density• Mass of a sample of the material divided by the volume of
the same sample
Specific Gravity• Density comparison to water
• How dense is substance with respect to water
Pressure• Defined as the force divided by the area on which it acts
Atmospheric Pressure• We live under a ‘blanket of air’• Density of air decreases with altitude
Sea Level:• 14.7 psi• 29.92 in. Hg
Absolute Pressure and Gage Pressure
• ATM + Gage pressure = absolute pressure
Temperature• Hot vs Cold
• Kinetic Energy of molecules• Expansion of objects when heated• Use of thermometers
K = C +273
R = F + 460
