Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Born on December 18th 1863Third in line for the Austro- Hungarian thrownAssassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a member of

the black hand.Died on June 28, 1914

Gavrilo Princip

• Born July 25th, 1894, in Bosnia- Herzegovina• Member of the black hand for 2 years• Was sent to assassinate Archduke Franz

Ferdinand with others from the black hand• Was successful in assassinating the Archduke

Four causes of WW1

AlliesCentral Powers

1- Imperialism2- Nationalism3- Militarism4- Alliances

Great Britain

• The British were great naval allies in WW1

Russia

• Russia was a great ally for troop support because of the large number of troops

France

• France was a good ally because it provided a good Air Force

Germany

• Attacked France and Russia

Austro-Hungarian

• Fought against Serbia and Russia for territory

Ottoman Empire

• Joined the Germans• Officially joined the central powers after the

Russian Black sea ports were bombed

Imperialism

• European countries competing for colonies • “Bigger is better”• Areas of conflict:– Africa– Bosnia– Alsace– Lorraine

Nationalism

• Pride in your country• Pan- German– Re unite all German speaking people

• Pan- Slavic– Re unite all Slavic speaking people

• Slavic's controlled by Germans

Militarism

• Building up the military• Military was built up for 2 reasons

1) Protect colonies2) Peer pressure

• Used a mandatory draft

Alliances

• Forming partnerships with other nations• CP= Germany, Austria, Ottoman empire• A= Britain, France, Russia, U.S

Trench Warfare

Trench warfare

• Used to protect their positions and cut down on losses

• At night supplies were sent in • At dawn/dusk attacks came, artillery fire and

then go over the top• Had to go through barbed wire, and machine

gun fire

Problems with Trench warfare

• Mud• Rats• Smell• Body rot• Cold• Staying dry• Maggots • Lice• Disease

Why the US entered the war

Lusitania

• Torpedoed by a German U-boat on May 7th, 1915

• Killed 1,198 of its 1,959 passengers• Turned public opinion against Germany• Germans claimed it carried war materials for

the allies• They were right

Unrestricted submarine warfare

• Sussex pledge– Germany wont sink merchants and they will warn

ships before they shoot them• In 1917 Germany was defeating Russia with

unrestricted submarine warfare

U.S in WW1

U.S. in WW1

• General Pershing led the U.S. troops• By 1917 Germany controlled Belgium, Italy,

and north France• By July 1918 the U.S. had over 1 million troops

in the war• U.S. cut off Germanys rail ways for troops and

supplies

U.S. in WW1 continued

• October 1918 German lines are crumbling• November the Allies have the high ground and

Germany surrenders• 11th hour, of the 11th day, of the 11th month

ww1 ends

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles

• New nations created• Germany accepted all responsibility and paid

for war• Created the league of nations