Mathematicians have created formulas to help you find the perimeter and areas of different shapes....
Transcript of Mathematicians have created formulas to help you find the perimeter and areas of different shapes....
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Mathematicians have created formulas to help you find the perimeter and areas of different shapes. Use the formulas to solve your problems!
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PerimeterAny shape’s “perimeter” is the distance on
the outside of the shape…like a fence around a yard.
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PerimeterTo calculate the perimeter of any shape, just add up each line segment of the “fence” around the shape.
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PerimeterTriangles have 3 sides…add up each sides length.
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88
88+8+8=24The Perimeter is 24
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Practice: Find the perimeter1)
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So add up 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 units
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PerimeterA square has 4 sides of a fence
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12 12
12
12
12+12+12+12=48
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PerimeterSometimes, problems may only give you two
measurements for a square or rectangle.No problem. Remember that all the sides of a
square is the same measure and the opposite sides of a rectangle are the same measure.
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RememberSquares ALL sides are equal…so if they
give you one side, you know ALL the sidesLength=the Largest sideIf they “leave” numbers out, they are equal
to their opposite side.
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The Same!!If the bottom is 15…the top is…
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15
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Square/Rectangle FormulaPerimeter=2L + 2W or 2(L + W) P= 2(5) + 2(4) P=2(5 + 4)P= 10+8 P= 2(9)P= 18 P=18Or just ADD the 4 sides!!
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Other shapesJust add up EACH segment
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10
8 sides, each side 10 so 10+10+10+10+10+10+10+10=80
10
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Circumference of a CirclePerimeter/Circumference = pi x diameterPi is always 3.14 or 3 (for estimation)Circumference is a fancy name for
perimeterThe diameter is a line from one side to
the other side of a circle through its origin (It’s twice the radius)
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If the radius is 5, then the diameter is 10
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Practice:Use the formula C = πd
Find the circumference of this circle with a diameter of 10 cm.
D = 10 so multiply (10)(3.14) = 31.4 cm
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AreaArea is the ENTIRE INSIDE of a shapeIt is always measured in “squares”
(square inch, or square feet or whatever unit…)
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AREASquare units means that “that” many squares fit inside that shape (if
measured in feet…it’s feet…if meters…it’s meters. In this example the area is 4 square units…note 4 squares fit)
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2 units (ft, in, m)
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Area of Squares/RectanglesLength x Width=Area
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2
Length(2) xWidth(2) = 4 square units
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Parallelogram AreaSame idea as squares & rectangles, but they change the words to Base (length: bottom of shape) and height (similar to width but MUST be 90 degrees to the base.)
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Parallelogram AreaArea=Base x Height
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BASE (length)
Height (width)
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Base 8 x Height 5 = Area 40
The diagonal line is NOTthe height!!!
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Formula for area of squaresArea= S^2Area= Side x Side (side squared) (just a
different way of saying length x width)
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Side one
Side two
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Different Names/Same ideaLength x Width = Area
Side x Side = Area
Base x Height = Area (Height must be 90 degrees to the base. NOT the slanted side’s length.)
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Area of a Triangle½ Base x Height = Area(It’s ½ because ½ of the “square” is
missing)
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Base
Height
Height
Base
8
5
½ Base x Height = Area½ (8) x 5 = Area 4 x 5 = 20
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Area of a Circle
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Area of a circle
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Radius
5
Area=3.14 x (5 x 5) Perimeter = 3.14 x 10
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For most tests you will have the formulas
given to you. Just remember which one to use for which shape and you’ll do fine.
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