Materials Testing
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Transcript of Materials Testing
![Page 1: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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One Eighty brings high level technology to real life problems that manufacturers and fabricators face. We provide engineering solutions. Solutions to problems that are practical, reasonable and affordable. One Eighty does this by conducting root cause failure investigation, materials selection analysis, testing of materials, helping clients evaluate new suppliers, or conducting research and development for commercial outcomes. One Eighty is a team of 10 engineers, bringing a wide range of expertise to the fingertips of our clients. We solve problems with all engineering materials, including all the metal alloys, plastics, ceramics and composite materials. We can solve the problems from mechanical failures to chemical degradation. We have also tested sludges from pickling lines, spices blending plants, and all manner of widgets, from gears, big end bearings, crank shafts, structural steel and aluminium, to breast implants. Whatever the problem may be and whatever the industry sector, if it is
a part, and there is a problem with it, we can solve it.
![Page 3: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Materials Testing• Tensile Testing
• Bend Testing
• Charpy Impact testing
• Hardness Testing
• Microstructural Investigation
• Spectrographic Analysis
![Page 4: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Tensile Testing?Test the failure load of a material
We load the specimen into a 60 ton load frame and pull it apart
A curve like this one is generated
From this curve we calculate the tensile properties of the material
![Page 5: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is Bend Testing?Bend a specimen through 180
We bend the specimen in our 60 ton load frame and check the bend for cracks, see below:
![Page 6: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is Charpy Impact Testing?Impact a specimen with a load frame
We measure the energy needed to break the specimen in half. Ductile materials use a lot of energy, brittle materials use little energy.
![Page 7: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is Hardness Testing?Indent a sample with a diamond indenter
We indent the sample with a diamond and measure it under a microscope
Tempered steels have high hardness, aluminium has low hardness
This is what an indent looks like under a microscope
![Page 8: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is Microstructural Investigation?Its the materials fingerprint
The microstructure tells us how a material has been processed.
All materials have different structures.
Tempered steels look spikey, but annealed steels have smooth grains.
Annealed steel
Tempered steel
![Page 9: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is Spectrographic Analysis?A way to measure the composition of metals
![Page 10: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Failure InvestigationWe determine exactly why something failed
Fatigue, Corrosion, Overload, User Abuse,
Flaw in the Material, Manufacturing Defect
![Page 11: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Failure Investigation ExamplePump Shaft Failure
Fatigue Striations
The pump shaft failed in fatigue.
SEM showed presence of fatigue striations.
Misalignment in the assembly detected, accounted for fatigue failure
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• Corrosion of beam in bolted assembly
• Aluminium beam + stainless steel washers + coastal atmosphere = Galvanic Corrosion
• Polymer washer installed on wrong side of beam
Failure Investigation ExampleCorrosion Failure
• Fast corrosion due to assembly error
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Product Design & Development
We researched and developed the adhesive that should be used for the laminate sail cloth
We tested various combinations and found the best solution.
![Page 14: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Materials Selection
Tensile strength (MPa)0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Pri
ce (
ZAR
/kg)
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1e6
High strength low alloy steel, YS550 (hot rolled)
Technical ceramics
Honeycombs
Foams
Composites
Metals and alloys
Using materials selection software we chose the right cast iron for the client to specify to the Chinese supplier.
The cast iron had to have the optimal tensile properties and good toughness.
.
![Page 15: Materials Testing](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/568134ad550346895d9bc3af/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Commercial Research & Development
Developing and commercialising a new ceramic materials for the orthopaedic
industry: Knee and hip joints
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For more case studies and informationwww.one-eighty-degrees.com