Mater Dei, Extron, and MediaLink™ Taking Education ... · Taking Education & Technology to a New,...

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www.extron.com

FEATURE ARTICLEOn the cover...

Mater Dei, Extron, and MediaLink™

14 Featured Product:Extron ISS Series

COLUMNS4 Marketing Matters:

It’s Showtime!

5 The Extron Hotline:Die-Cuts Help a Project Take Shape

6 Technically Speaking...Class D Amplifiers

10 Rental & Staging Corner:Preparation Pays Off atTechnology Summit

18 Tech Corner:An S-Video Primer

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE12 New Products

17 Special VideoconferencingSeries

20 New News

24 Tweeker Use

Issue 12.5 November • December 2001

The education market is a fast-growingsegment of the A/V industry. As newdevelopments in teaching methods rely onmore visual aides via computers and video,demand for high performance A/Vequipment increases. Unfortunately,budgetary restraints imposed by schoolboards often result in compromised quality,usability, reliability, and effectiveness of A/Vtechnology in the classroom. Still, someinstitutions are leading the way and setting aprecedent. In today’s hi-tech world, thewriting is on the wall—A/V is no longer aluxury; it’s a necessity.

Validating the NeedGreg Dhuyvetter, Assistant Principal of

Faculty Services and Technology at Mater Dei,has been instrumental in bringing more high-

Mater Dei, Extron, and MediaLink™Taking Education & Technology to a New, Affordable Level

Located in Santa Ana, California, Mater Dei High School is the largest

Catholic high school west of Chicago. Since its inception, Mater Dei

has consistently raised the bar on educational standards by expanding

their curriculum, and implementing new methods and technologies to

enhance the learning process.

end electronic media tools to Mater Dei. As ateacher, Dhuyvetter recognized changesoccurring in instructional methods, andadopted a more visual approach in hislessons.

“Teaching methods are now requiringmany more visuals and access to a lot ofdifferent types of media in order to beeffective,” he said.

After spending a good portion of the 90sexperimenting with various ways toincorporate video, computers, and theInternet into the school’s classrooms,Dhuyvetter began to envision the concept ofa full-time, permanent A/V solution.

Above: Mater Dei High School, Santa Ana, CALeft: One of the classrooms at Mater Dei HighSchool containing Extron’s MediaLink system forcontrolling graphics, sound, and video.

is encased in a raceway that runs from the topof the MLC 206 up through the false ceiling ofthe classroom. Cable runs in each room utilizeraceways along the wall and space above the false ceiling.

System AccessThree connection points in each classroom

allow teachers and/or students to plug sourcesinto the system. On the front wall, below thewhite board is an Extron WP 170 wall platewith computer video/audio and compositevideo/audio pass-through connections.Dhuyvetter explained that this enables ateacher to hook up a laptop, as well asadditional composite sources such as adocument camera or a laser disc player.

To the left of the white board, mounted onthe side of the equipment cabinet, is an ExtronAAP 102, two-gang size wall plate with thecapability to hold 4 single space AAPs. The fourAAP slots are populated with one 15-pin HDand 3.5 mm audio pass-through plate, oneblank plate, and a double-space RJ-45 pass-through plate for connection to the school’scomputer network.

“The key benefit for the connection on theside of the cabinet is that a teacher can put hisor her laptop on a table or filing cabinet nextto the cabinet,” Dhuyvetter explained. “This isparticularly important for those teachers wholeave their computers on all day in order toreport attendance over the school network.The machine is available, but not intrusive, andthere are no cords to trip over.”

The third connection is along the longeradjacent wall. Here, Extron’s WP 150 wall plateprovides a 15-pin HD connector and 3.5 mmaudio pass-through. Dhuyvetter describes thispoint as “a great place for a student to run acomputer presentation.”

Integration Team Charles Pe, CEO of System Spec, a

full–service A/V integration consultancy

2 ExtroNews 12.5 November/December 2001

M a t e r D e i , E x t r o n , a n d M e d i a L i n k ™ ( c o n t . )

M A T E R D E I , E X T R O N , A N D M E D I A L I N K ™

In 2000, a state-of-the-art multimedia lab wasbuilt to integrate new technology. The labincluded a room projector and 32 networkedlaptops. Eight other classrooms were alsoexpanded with integrated A/V systems andprogrammable computer remote controls.Although it seemed as if Dhuyvetter’s dreamwas up and running, there were still a fewissues to deal with. One of the biggestobstacles was that there was no easy way tocentrally control multiple incoming A/Vsources.

Enter Extron’s MediaLink™ SystemAt around the same time that Mater Dei

was planning to renovate 10 more classroomsand broaden its technology scope, Extron wasin the process of developing the newMediaLink System. Extron’s President AndrewEdwards, who happens to be a member ofMater Dei’s Technology Committee, sensed acorrelation between the school’s needs and thepotential behind the MediaLink System. Forthe first time since 1994 when he created theSystem 4LD, Edwards returned to his first love,product development, with the intention ofexpanding on the MediaLink’s range.

Along with MediaLink ProductDevelopment Manager Osbaldo Rodriguez,Edwards’ first order of business was tooptimize the MediaLink System, overcomingthe hurdles that schools like Mater Dei facewhen they implement A/V equipment intotheir classrooms. Several features were addedspecifically to meet the requirements ofschools, conference rooms, and other smalleducational and business environments. Aboveall, the features and designs were tailored tokeep total system costs low and affordable.And with that, the MediaLink System was puton the fast track to success.

Consisting of a family of easy-to-use andinexpensive products that work together toconnect and control A/V equipment in any

small, one-projector environment, theMediaLink was a perfect fit for Mater Dei.Unlike the prior A/V systems installed at MaterDei, the MediaLink is built to streamlineoperations and simplify system control byintegrating audio, video, and computersystems into a centralized, easy-to-use A/Vsystem.

“It’s almost as if the MediaLink was inventedfor our specific needs. It is able to performeverything that I want a teacher to be able todo in the room,” Dhuyvetter said. “I feel theMediaLink is more or less an extension of whatI had hoped to accomplish with theseclassrooms.”

Simple OperationThe foundation of the MediaLink System is

the MediaLink Controller (MLC 206).Engineered to easily integrate into one-projector environments, Extron’s MediaLinkController (MLC 206) standardizes the controlinterface, effectively becoming an extendedremote control unit. In the Mater Deiclassrooms, the MLC 206 is mounted on thefront wall, about five feet high, just to the rightof the white board. This allows a teacher tocontrol the A/V system without obstructing thestudents’ view of the Draper wall-mountedfront projection screen where presentationsare displayed. “We use the Draper screenthroughout the school,” Dhuyvetter said. “Wehave found they are of the highest quality andfit our budget.”

For each classroom, the MLC 206 isequipped with six input selection buttons. Thetop three are designated for composite videosources—specifically DVD, VCR, and auxiliaryvideo. The bottom three are allotted forcomputer inputs. Two IR control moduleArchitectural Adapter Plates (AAPs) are installedin the MediaLink’s five-gang MLM-5GWP wallplate to provide remote control of the DVD andVCR. Extron’s Plenum Comm-Link Cable is usedfor projector, switcher, and IR control. The cable

Extron WP 150 Extron WP 170Extron AAP 102

Extron MLS 506MA

Extron MLC 206 mounted in a MLM-5GWPwall plate located on the front wall.

November/December 2001 ExtroNews 12.5 3

M A T E R D E I , E X T R O N , A N D M E D I A L I N K ™

company, has overseen numerous installationsat educational institutions of all sizes. He citesthe MediaLink as the missing piece to a puzzleof a budget-level control system. “TheMediaLink provides a low-budget solution. Itnot only gives you control for the projector; italso switches your sources, and takes care ofthe signal routing as well.”

Pe and his project team not only workedextensively on the installation; they also trainedand familiarized Extron’s own ApplicationEngineers with the entire process. “We gaveExtron engineers hands-on experience inlearning how a contractor like us worksthrough the scheduling, the projectmanagement, and creating the logistics,” hesaid. “Understanding what’s involved, whetherit’s structural mounting, speaker installation,pulling cable, power requirements, andcoordinating it all—these all are key to what anintegrator’s world is like.” This education isinvaluable to Extron. There is no better way tolearn how to support dealers thanexperiencing a real system installation.

Building the RackA 28-inch tall Middle Atlantic equipment

rack is inside the cabinet. “The Middle Atlanticrack has a secure and versatile design that’sperfect for the room’s cabinet,” Dhuyvettersaid. “It easily accommodates the system’sDVD and VCR players, as well as theMediaLink Switcher MLS 506MA.” TheMLS 506MA is a six input, one output, multi-format active switcher. Composite video fromthe DVD player, the VCR, and the WP 170 isfed into the first three inputs. RGBHV signalsfrom the WP 170, WP 150 and AAP 102 areconnected to the last three inputs. For audio,the MLS 506MA comes with an integrated

30-watt, mono amplifier. It can easily outputto a 4 or 8 ohm load or a 70 volt, distributedaudio system, as is the case with Mater Dei.

JBL SpeakersSix JBL four-inch,

two-way speakers aremounted onto ceiling tiles strategically placedthrough-out eachclassroom. “The JBLspeakers were chosenbecause they provide

excellent performance and were easy toinstall,” Dhuyvetter said.

NEC VT-540 Projector and PremierMounts

Each room isalso outfittedwith a compactNEC VT-540 LCDProjector. “Thesenew projectors

offer the brightness and clarity we werelooking for,” said Dhuyvetter. The projector ismounted to a NEC-approved PremierPBM-540L mount, which is attached to aPremier AST-2446 adjustable suspensionadapter. “It’s an important safeguard that theprojector mount be strong and dependable,”Dhuyvetter added. Instead of being directlysecured to the permanent ceiling, the adapteris anchored to two parallel strips of Unistrut.These, in turn, are anchored to two additionalparallel strips of Unistrut bolted to thepermanent ceiling. Should the need ever ariseto adjust the projector horizontally orvertically, the adapter and Unistrut anchorscan be easily altered.

The Learning CurveAccording to Dhuyvetter, the new A/V

systems have become quite popular. Teachersare adjusting to a level of comfort ofoperating the equipment without disruptingtheir curriculum. “Some people are startingto use it (the equipment) every day,”Dhuyvetter said.

The MediaLink System has also respondedto the school’s vision of a 21st centuryclassroom. The system’s switching abilitieshave enabled teachers to use several forms of

media with the simple touch of a button. Theconnection points invite additional sources aswell as teacher/student interactivity. MaterDei’s faculty has aligned itself with “a new kindof learning.”

For more information, visit Mater Dei HighSchool on the World Wide Web atwww.materdei.org or System Spec atwww.systemspec.net. To learn more about theExtron MediaLink family of products, visitwww.extron.com/medialink.

ExtronMediaLink Controller

MLC 206

DISPLAY

POWER

VOLUME

MAX/

MIN

VCR DVD Laptop

AAP 102

COMPUTER

AUDIO

RL

WP 170

VIDEO

COMPUTER

AUDIO

WP 150

MLS 506MAMediaLink Switcher

VCRDVD

1 2 3 4 5 6

MACCELL CAMERA

WORK

MENU NEXT

VOLUMECLIP

ADJUST

DOCTUNER MIX

For more information on any of thecomplimentary products used in thissystem, visit: www.draperinc.com www.middleatlantic.com www.nec.com www.jbl.com www.mounts.com

A/V Rack with Extron’s MLS 506MASwitcher, DVD and VCR.

System diagram showing how the MediaLinkSystem was installed in the Mater Dei classroom.


Events in the A/V industry are a common

and daily occurrence. They range from the

simple open house in the afternoon to the

sophisticated road shows that require

extensive travel, accommodations, labor,

shipping, and most importantly—PEOPLE!

There’s a familiar excuse for failure:

unforeseen circumstances. The funny thing

about most unforeseen circumstances is that

they can be avoided with proper planning

and preventative measures. Experienced

Meeting Planners will tell you that you

should have a backup plan (and maybe a

backup for the backup!) Murphy’s Law

states—“If anything can go wrong, it

probably will.” This certainly applies to

events, especially the important ones!

The bottom line for events of any kind is

that they are complicated functions that

require careful planning, orchestration,

coordination, and verification to ensure that

everything that is supposed to happen does.

At Extron, we stage a wide variety of events

every year—from simple to complex. The

famous “Extron Bash” at INFOCOMM

INTERNATIONAL would be at the complex

end of the scale. These experiences have

enriched our staff members with the

knowledge to ensure a successful event

where things run smoothly, and most

unforeseen circumstances are ironed out

with a minimal amount of disruption.

Have you ever planned an event and it ended up a flop? If you

haven’t organized one, I’m sure you have witnessed one. It isn’t a

pretty sight. Events have the ability to fall apart faster than you can

blink an eye. Under the worst of circumstances, problems can

compound and destroy the event. Only the heroic acts of scrambling

event staff prevent these troubles and tribulations from being noticed

by the attendees. But these “solutions” often introduce an expensive

and costly strain that can make the event’s budget skyrocket.

It’s Showtime!

by Lee Dodson, Vice President of Marketing

M A R K E T I N G M A T T E R S

10 tips on successful event planning:

1. Establish an objective, a time line, and a budget. Is there an underlying business need,or is this an event to thank your current and potential customers?

2. Know the diversity of your guests. Determining age brackets, gender ratios, levels ofmanagement, and the number of VIPs can help you tailor the environment accordingly.

3. Research potential venues that can accommodate the number of guests expected.Visit the site at least three months before the event (longer for larger events) as premium datesbook early. This will allow you to ascertain and resolve any concerns that were unmentionedwhen speaking with the site staff. This will also allow you to get a better idea of how to layoutyour event.

4. If at all possible, meet your vendors face-to-face. This will assist you in the negotiationprocess. Referrals from known vendors are always a good place to start when selecting a newvendor. Provide all vendors with your requirements and ask for a contract for your review.Review all contracts carefully to assure that everything has been clearly understood by bothparties. Do not feel intimidated to contact the Vendor for clarification. Remember: all contractsare negotiable.

5. A formal layout of the event should be created and distributed to all eventcommittee members and vendors as soon as possible. A task list should be created anddiscussed with each committee member.

6. When sending out guest invitations, plan for the invitations to arrive at least two,but no more than five weeks prior to the event. Be sure to include a request for RSVP.Create an RSVP tracking system that will assist the catering staff with a final catering count.Follow-up invitations with phone calls to increase attendance and answer questions pertainingto the event.

7. Hold a meeting immediately before the event with all parties involved to delivertraining identify potential problems, and review task lists.

8. On the day of the event, it is very important that at least one committee memberbe on site to ensure that everything is running smoothly. At this point, don’t assumeeverything is taken care of.

9. Debrief staff members after the event to document lessons learned that can be appliedto the planning of future events.

10. Send thank-you notes to contributors and follow-up packages to attendees.

to determine the best possible placementof the controller before holes are cut andcabling is run.

HSA 400 Die-CutThe HSA 400 die-cut is an interactive

piece that folds up to show the userexactly what the enclosure will look likeboth in and out of use. It gives users theopportunity to decide upon the placementof the HSA before the point of no return—when a hole has been cut into thatexpensive, mahogany boardroom table. Inaddition, it provides useful informationabout the benefits of the RGB 580xiinterface which can be used in conjunctionwith the Hideaway enclosures.

P/2 DA1 Die-CutThe P/2 DA1 RGB Video Line Driver die-

cut was designed to show the actual sizeof the “Peaker”— a compact, lightweight,amplifier solution for laptop presentations.It lists important product specifications andshows key features of the product.

In a world where seeing is believing, A/Vdealers need to be able to show thefinished system before the first connectionis ever made. Extron die-cuts help bring aproject off of the drawing board and intothe client’s hands so that they can makeeducated decisions about what looks andworks best for their unique application.


On the surface, Extron’s die-cut product literature may appear to be

just another clever marketing piece. In all actuality though, each

die-cut is a carefully crafted sales tool designed to provide dealers with a

medium to help bring a project to life for their clients.

Die-Cuts Help a Project Take Shape

T H E E X T R O N H O T L I N E

by Jeff Gibson, Vice President of Sales

With a greater focus on the aestheticsof an A/V system in boardroom andclassroom settings, it has becomenecessary to show how a particularproduct can be architecturally integratedinto the room in addition to explaining allof the product’s key features. By providingan actual-size replica of products such asthe Hideaway Surface Access (HSA)enclosure, MediaLink™ Controller (MLC 206),and the P/2 DA1, Extron die-cut literatureenables a client to envision the finishedsystem.

Each piece consists of criticalinformation such as key productspecifications, application drawings, andoptional accessories. In the case of theHSA or MLC, the die-cuts can be used todetermine placement of products intabletops and on walls, aiding in theinstallation process as well.

MLC 206 Die-CutThe MLC 206 die-cut (included with this

issue of ExtroNews) shows the front panelof the MediaLink Controller. It folds out toreveal vital statistics on the completeMediaLink family of products as well asproduct specifications on the MLC 206itself. An adhesive strip is provided on theback so the die-cut can be positioned orre-positioned on the wall of the actualroom it will be used in. This allows the user

MLC 206Die-Cut

P/2 DA1Die-Cut

HSA 400Die-Cut


Today, audio is about more than dynamicrange or Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). It’salso about power… more of it for less. ClassD audio systems have come into their own asa practical choice whether you need moreaudio power from a small system or moreaudio power from a small battery.

Amplifier ClassesThere are five “classes” of amplifiers: A, B,

AB, C, and D. It’s helpful to know wherewe’ve been in order to understand where weare going. Let’s review. The class A amplifieris the traditional, fully linear amplifier withactive circuit elements biased into their linearoperating region. This means that the regionmust have enough voltage range to encompass the entire dynamic excursion—amplitude—of an incomingsignal in order to reproduce it withoutclipping or compressing at either extreme.For this reason, the amplifier’s output powersupply voltage must equal, roughly, 200% ofthe maximum output signal swing expected.Signal amplitudes reaching the nonlinearregion become distorted. This method ofoperation is pure, but inefficient. Class Aamplifiers rarely exceed 20% efficiency interms of power consumed (converted toheat) versus power delivered to the load.

Class B amplifiers are somewhat moreefficient by utilizing two drive elementsoperating in a push-pull configuration. Onthe positive excursion of the signal, the

Class D Amplifiers – Not “Just Audio”

T E C H N I C A L L Y S P E A K I N G . . .

by Steve Somers, Vice President of Engineering

Yes, I’m a video guy. You’ve probably heard one of us (not me)

disrespectfully downplay the ubiquitous field of aural engineering

as “it’s just audio”. This article is about audio, but don’t energize your

shields just yet. I’m on your side…a veteran project manager of an

audio system having CD quality signal-to-noise ratios and immeasurable

harmonic distortion. Though I am fundamentally programmed to

refresh my memory at 30 frames per second (or my mind blanks), I really

have embarked on occasion to that holiest of realms in search of

greater dynamic range.

upper element supplies power to the loadwhile the lower is turned off. Duringnegative going signal excursions, theopposite operation occurs. This increasesoperating efficiency, but suffers from thenonlinear turn-on, turn-off region createdwhere the driver elements switch from theirON state to their OFF state. This switchingerror creates a condition commonly calledcross-over distortion.

Class AB amplifiers remedy cross-overdistortion to a great degree by combining thebest features of both classes. The push-pulldrivers are carefully biased just above theirfully OFF state so that the transition betweendrivers is smoother. Therefore, each driver isnever completely turned OFF. This alleviatesmost of the cross-over distortion at theexpense of efficiency. A temperature-compensated bias network is required inclose proximity to the output devices. An ABamplifier is still more efficient (60 – 65%)than a Class A amplifier. However, amplifierefficiency numbers are usually derived fromapplication of steady-state sine wave toneshaving a low crest factor. When taking thecrest factor (ratio of peak signal to rmssignal) of real signals into account, theefficiency of either class A or AB drops tobarely 20% at best.

Class C amplifiers, biased at or belowcutoff, are commonly used for certain typesof RF transmission, but not commonly used

MLS 506MA MediaLink SwitcherProvides 30 watt, amplified monoaudio output for a 4 or 8 ohm load or a70 volt, distributed audio system (thereis also an MLS 506MA model for 100volt systems). The MLS 506MA isengineered for clear and evenlydistributed sound disbursement insmaller classrooms and boardrooms.

MLS 506SA MediaLink SwitcherProvides a 60 watt stereo amplifier,30 watts per channel into 4 or 8 ohmloads, for use with program speakers.The MLS 506SA is capable of deliveringtrue hi-fi stereophonic sound fromDVDs, CDs, and other forms of mediathat utilize two transmission channelsto achieve left and right soundseparation.

Class D Amplifiers can befound in the followingExtron products:

Extron MLS 506MA

Extron MLS 506SA


in audio applications. Therefore, this articlewill not dwell on class C.

D Does NOT Equal DigitalClass D amplifiers are not digital in the

true sense. They are not driven directly bycoherent binary data. They do act digitally inthat the output drivers operate either in thefully ON-region or fully OFF-region. Think ofClass D amps as being similar to a switch-mode power supply, but with audio signalsmodulating the switching action.

A switch-mode power supply uses pulse-width modulation (PWM) to control theon/off duty cycle of the power switchingtransistor(s) providing power to a load. Theefficiency is high because there is littlevoltage drop across the switch transistorduring conduction. This means very lowpower dissipation in the switch while virtuallyall the power is transferred to the load.During the OFF period, there is essentiallyzero current flow. The quality and speed ofMOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor) devices has led to compact,efficient, high frequency power supplies.Switch-mode power supplies are moreefficient at high frequencies. At higheroperating frequencies, components maybecome smaller and the power supplybecomes very compact for the powerdelivered. In addition, the output filtercomponents may be much smaller. Today,switching frequencies over 1 MHz are notuncommon. But, as you probably know,switch-mode supplies generate considerablenoise.

What does this have to do with audio?Audio signals can be used to modulate aPWM system to create a high power audioamplifier at nominal voltages using smallcomponents. Class D audio utilizes a fixed,high frequency carrier having pulses that varyin width based on signal amplitude. Class Damplifiers reach efficiencies as high as 90%.This is of great importance to portableapplications relying on battery power. Class

D portable, battery-powered audio gear mayhave battery life extended by 2.5 times or more.

Saving electrical power is now becoming aconcern. Equipment utilizing Class D systemssave significant operating power. Forequipment having a limited power budget oravailable voltage range, Class D can get thejob done without redesigning power suppliesfor more signal headroom. Sound like asystem fraught with poor performance? Ithink you’ll be pleasantly surprised at thequality. Let’s take a closer look at how it works.

Time to Check Under the HoodIn its most common implementation, the

incoming audio signal amplitude is comparedto a triangle waveform operating at theintended switching frequency. Thecomparator circuit switches its output high orlow based on the incoming audio’s thresholdagainst the reference amplitude andfrequency of the triangular wave. As theaudio signal rises above the comparatorthreshold, the comparator switches on andremains on for the duration of time where


continued on next page

the audio exceeds the reference level, thuscreating a wide, positive-going pulse width.Conversely, while the audio signal is belowthe comparator’s reference level, thenegative-going portion of the output pulseduty cycle is wider. Refer to Figure 1 to seethis relationship.

Some describe this conversion method asa 1-bit A/D converter. A big advantage thisconversion method has is linearity. Therelationship of audio amplitude to the variable width pulses in this system is perfectly linear. This fixed frequency pulse train becomes a carrier for the audio.

The outputs of the comparator connect togate drive circuitry for the MOSFET outputtransistors. Typically, the comparator hascomplementary outputs and drives two setsof “totem-poled” transistor switches. This configuration along with the point ofconnection for the loudspeaker describes anoutput drive topology known as an “H”

Figure 1. Class D amplifier compares analog audio to triangle wave to createpulse width modulation.



configuration or a “bridge-tied” load. See Figure 2 for a more simplified diagramof Class D topology.

The final, and no less important, section isthe output filter. Most Class D designs utilizea Butterworth filter scheme for simplicity andlow cost. The output filter is essential for lowpass filtering, or integrating, the carrier’svarying pulse duty cycle into the originalaudio content while attenuating (absorbing)the switching carrier frequency. Selection offilter component values is very important andessential to maximizing efficiency.

Dynamic range is attained by selection ofthe carrier switching frequency. A factor of atleast 12 times the upper audio cutofffrequency is recommended. This means thatthe minimum switching frequency will beabout 250 KHz. At rest (no signal), the dutycycle of the switching frequency is 50%, orevenly divided between ON and OFF.Interestingly, the no signal input state is themost stressful for a Class D design. Positivegoing signal peaks drive the duty cycle one

direction and negative going peaks drive itthe opposite direction. Thus, the higher the switching frequency, the more “bits” of resolution available for signalreproduction.

Interesting…How About Quality?Class D amplifiers have been criticized as

lower quality than Class AB systems with uselimited to lower performance applicationssuch as public address systems. Throughrecent advances in power semiconductordevices and the need for better efficiencyunder battery power, Class D now sees aresurgence of interest. It is now possible todevelop a Class D design that rivals most ABamplifiers. For example, look at thefrequency response of the Extron Class Dsystem in Figure 3. Now, compare its signal-to-noise performance against that of atypical class AB amplifier (Figures 4 and 5).Note the closeness of performance betweenthe two classes while the Extron designpumps 67% more power into the sameload. Finally, Figure 6 illustrates veryrespectable total harmonic distortion (THD)

performance that is very competitive withclass AB. It’s also interesting to note that, atfull output power, the Class D output switchtransistor heatsink is just warm to the touch. It’s power supply voltages are one half the level needed by the Class AB device.

Class D AdvantageThe largest advantage is in efficiency.

Improved efficiency translates into lowersystem cost, lower operating temperatures,lower power supply voltages, and lowerpower consumption. In addition, Class Dbuilding blocks are readily available alongwith significant design support for rapidimplementation into new product designs.While real operating efficiency in Class ABamplifiers struggles around 20%, Class Dsystems attain 75% efficiency withoutsignificant effort. Higher efficiencies arepossible depending on details of thedesign—with higher power (around 100watts or more) amplifiers actually attaininghigher efficiencies than their low power relatives.

Figure 2. Class D topology



OK, What’s the Catch?Competing with Class AB designs in the

name of efficiency does carry a few caveats.Of three critical design features, the outputfilter rates number one. The output filterreconstructs the original audio signal andattenuates the switching carrier frequency.It also sets the amplifier’s -3 dB bandwidth.In designing the output filter, it is importantto select filter topology and componentvalues such that the switching frequency issufficiently attenuated while the audio bandis not significantly affected. Some residualcarrier is always present after the filter. Thenewcomer to Class D will not see a quiet,no-signal condition at the speakerterminals. Some of the efficiency loss inClass D is the result of the output filter design.

Because of high frequency operation,power supply decoupling is very important.The switching carrier must be removed fromall supply voltages to prevent it fromdegrading circuit operation. Finally, goodhigh frequency circuit board layouttechnique is essential to minimizing EMIgeneration. As power level increases,switching currents traveling in highimpedance board traces will generatesignificant electrical noise.

A Brave New ClassAdvances in the electronic art are more

interdisciplinary than ever before. Class Daudio applications require a wide breadth ofdesign knowledge and technique.Maintaining audio signal purity is the HolyGrail during this orchestration of high-speed energy from the chaotic into therealm of orderly, efficient signalreproduction. Class D audio systems arerapidly approaching the expectations of theaudiophile and winning the praises ofenergy efficiency experts alike. Today, should any design engineer dismiss audio systems as unchallenging? I think not.

Figure 3. Bandpass response at level 25 watts into 8 ohms.

Figure 4. Class AB S/N performance at 15 watts into 8 ohms.

Figure 5. Extron Class D S/N performance at 25 watts into 8 ohms.

Figure 6. Total harmonic distortion (THD) at 25 watts into 8 ohms. Note that below 49 Hzamplifier bandpass is intended to roll off.


The State of Colorado’s Office ofInnovation and Technology held its annualColorado Technology Summit (CTS) onAugust 10, 2001, at the Pikes Peak Center inColorado Springs, CO. The CTS is held incorrelation with several corporate sponsors inorder to share the latest in technology withlocal businesses, government, andeducators. There were over 1,800 people inattendance with six presenters, includingGovernor Bill Owens, a keynote presentationfrom Intel’s CEO, Craig Barrett, and a sixmember panel discussion.

CEAVCO Audio-Visual Company wasselected as the A/V and Staging provider forthe summit, and coordinated the design,production, and staging of the eventincluding production of the live web castbroadcast on the Colorado TechnologyAlliance’s Web site. The web cast includedstreaming video and a graphics window fordata presentations and can be viewed atwww.coloradota.org.

Setting the StageThe focal point of the A/V system was a

three-screen DLP rear-projection display—two, 12 x 16 screens were placed on eitherside of one, 15 x 20 screen. The system alsoincluded six NEC LCD-1830 1280 x 1024preview and program monitors backstage invideo village for quality control of all sources.Four 27-inch Multi-sync monitors wereprovided so that the talent could viewpresentation material while on stage. Therewere up to sixteen possible sources thatneeded to be routed to the various displaysincluding eight computer sources, two

document cameras, three video cameras,two Beta SP playback decks, and a VHSplayback deck.

To route these sources, CEAVCO chosetheir 3-screen Seamless Graphics Switchingsystem based on Extron’s SGS 408 switcherand a Crosspoint Plus 128HV matrixswitcher with two MCP 1000 remotecontrol panels for matrix presets and/orrouter output control. The SGS 408 is aneight input, two output, high-resolutioncomponent and RGB video seamless graphicsswitcher with two video scalers and a digitalmixer. The SGS 408 performs seamless cutsand digital transition effects during switchesbetween multiple sources and a projector to

Preparation Pays Off at Technology Summit

When the topic of the show is innovation and the participants represent the leaders in technology,

nothing short of a flawless A/V presentation will do.

enhance the look of professionalpresentations. The Crosspoint Plus 128HV isan analog, RGBHV, 12 x 8 matrix switcherthat offers a 425 MHz bandwidth andindividually buffered inputs and outputs. Italso features time-saving global presets forindividual recall of I/O configurations. Tomaintain signal integrity during routing,eight Extron ADA 6 300HV distributionamplifiers, three PA 250 peakingamplifiers, for long distance driving ofsignals, and 2 CD 900 quad standarddecoders were installed in the system. Forinterfacing computer video into the system,RGB 202 Rxi VTGs were used. These alsoaided in setting up the displays as theyinclude an internal video test generator with

R E N T A L & S T A G I N G C O R N E R

Presenters take the stage at the annual Colorado Technology Summit. Anticipating possible glitches in advance led to asuccessful event.


R E N T A L & S T A G I N G C O R N E R

four display test patterns for each signal rate.The ECP 1000 (Event Control Panel) andRCP 1000s were used to allow for remotecontrol of the SGS 408s. In addition, theExtron SGS 408 control software was used inconjunction with the ECP 1000 to pre-loadall presets and transitions.

A Sony DFS 700 switcher was used withthe DXC-D35, three camera system, alongwith CCU-TX7 triax camera control, and acomponent, composite, and stereo audiorouter. This enabled all video to be routedinto one of the SGS 408s inputs for simplified routing.

Since the Pikes Peak Center is designed forsymphonies, the audio system would havebeen adequate for spoken word-onlyproductions. However, as dynamic range wasimportant for the video presentations thatwere being shown, the audio system had tobe augmented. The center’s conventionallighting was used in conjunction with rentedmoving-head lights.

Meeting the ChallengeEric Newkirk, the Production Manager for

CEAVCO, pointed out that the mostchallenging aspect of coordinating the eventwas the co-op production of the keynotepresentation with one of the contributingsponsors. A key sponsor had produced itsown presentation in conjunction withanother full service creative and productioncompany, Campos Creative Works (CCW).

CCW provided CEAVCO with their initialspecifications, but finishing touches were stillbeing created for the content a week out soit was undetermined as to the type ofcomputer-based hardware to expect. In orderto remain flexible, CEAVCO and CCW choseto go with double-stacked Christie DigitalRoadie S12’s. These offered 12,000 lumensof brightness per projector with 1280 x 1024

resolution, which ended up giving themexcess capacity. However, it was necessary tochoose something with a resolution that wasgreater than needed just in case the finalpresentation called for it. “We felt that thescaling capabilities of the SGS 408s allowedus to go for projectors with greaterbrightness in lieu of the XGA models” saidNewkirk.

In fact, it is always important to anticipatepossible glitches when planning andproducing events of this size. This isespecially true in regions such as Coloradowhere the high elevation can affectequipment performance. The thinner airprevents air from circulating as well as it doesat sea level—this can cause equipment tooverheat and fail. According to Newkirk,“Back-up equipment is not only a good idea,it is a requirement!”

Another example of where possibleglitches can come from is power. Aftercompleting a full day of rehearsals, there wasa city-wide power fluctuation. Fortunately,CEAVCO was able to have a generatordelivered from Denver to the show site inColorado Springs for the day of the event.This curtailed any possible problems thatcould have resulted had a power fluctuationoccurred during the show. With all back-upsystems in place, the event went on asscheduled. There were no power problemsand all of the products performed asexpected. The Colorado Technology Summitturned out to be a great success due to thecareful planning and flexibility of the designand production staff.

For more information on any of the Extronproducts mentioned in this application,please visit www.extron.com.

CEAVCO’s Scott Reagles controls the switching to three screens via three Extron SGS 408 SeamlessGraphics Switchers. All three switchers are controlledsimultaneously with the ECP 1000 Event Control Panel.


N E W P R O D U C T S F R O M E X T R O N

Extron introduces the new GLI 1000 GroundLoop Inhibitors—reliable, simple solutions forA/V system ground loop problems. The GLIproducts do not require an external powersupply as they are non-powered. Four modelsare offered: a five-BNC version for all signaltypes from RGBHV down to composite, a two-BNC version for S-video and compositevideo, a two-RCA connector version, and a VGA/15-pin HD version for connection of computer video. These convenientconfigurations make it unnecessary to keepmultiple connector adapters on hand. And,with a bandwidth of 1000 MHz (-3dB), GLI 1000 products are able to handle even thehighest frequency signals without degradingthe signal.

The GLI 1000 line provides electricalcancellation for systems where it is impossibleto connect all equipment to the sameground—stopping the loop and virtuallyeliminating hum bars and common modenoise caused by improper grounding in videosystems. The GLI 1000’s proven passivetechnology, rugged construction, andlightweight, compact design make it the

GLI 1000 Ground Loop Inhibitors

perfect solution for rental and stagingapplications.

The GLI 1000 products are rack mountableand also come with detachable mountingbrackets. Additionally, each model comesstandard with protective rails which guardconnectors from damage.

GLI 1000 Models

GLI 1000 5 BNCPart Number: S3+: List Price:60-420-01 $795.00* $1325.00*

GLI 1000 2 BNCPart Number: S3+: List Price:60-420-02 $295.00* $495.00*

GLI 1000 15HDPart Number: S3+: List Price:60-420-03 $795.00* $1325.00*

GLI 1000 2 RCAPart Number: S3+: List Price:60-420-04 $295.00* $495.00*

URLwww.extron.com/gli1000

* Prices listed in US Dollars, valid for US sales only.

GLI 1000 15HD GLI 1000 5 BNC

GLI 10002 BNC

GLI 10002 RCA

The DVS 204 Digital Video Scalerincorporates the latest in proprietary scalingtechnology from Extron Electronics with theinput flexibility essential for today’s top-notchaudio/visual applications—including anoptional Serial Digital Interface (SDI) input.With its 33 selectable output rates, including avariety of HDTV rates, the DVS 204 is theperfect scaling solution for A/V environments,such as boardrooms, conference rooms, and home theaters, as well as rental andstaging applications.

There are two models in the DVS 204 line—DVS 204 and DVS 204 D. Each modelsupports the following video formats on oneof four inputs: RGB pass-through, component,S-video, and composite video. The “D” (digital)version also supports an SDI input. For allmodels, RGB or component video is outputsimultaneously on one female 15-pin HDconnector and six female BNCs.

DVS 204Digital Video Scaler

To enable superior scaling performance, theDVS 204 features several of Extron’s latestproprietary technologies: Dynamic MotionInterpolation (DMI™), 3:2 and 2:2 pulldowndetection (patent pending), True Rate™, andAccu-RATE Frame Lock™ (patent pending).Key features include aspect ratio control toaccommodate different movie formats, threeaspect ratio memories per input, and verticalblanking adjustments. The DVS 204 digitalvideo scaler is housed in a rack mountable, 1Uhigh metal enclosure. Front panel and RS-232control is provided, along with an optional IR 901 remote control.

DVS 204

Part Number: List Price:60-442-01 (DVS 204) $1,995.00*60-442-02 (DVS 204 D) $2,995.00*

URLwww.extron.com/dvs204



N E W P R O D U C T S F R O M E X T R O N

RGB 400xi SeriesNew Euro Channel Models

The RGB460xi Series Euro Channelcomputer-video interfaces have afaceplates designed to fit the channelsused in Europe. These faceplates aresmaller in dimension than the standardversions so that they fit snugly in the Eurochannels. Otherwise, functionality andfeatures remain the same. Each interfacecomes with a female 15-pin HD inputconnector, three-position slide switch forgain and peaking adjustments, AdvancedDigital Sync Processing (ADSP™) tomaintain stable sync, and a wall orfurniture mounting options. All models shipwith power supplies. Visit www.extron.comfor details on specific models and features.

RGB 400xi Euro Channel Models

RGB 460xi EC Part Number: List Price:60-373-10 $800.00*

RGB 468xi EC Part Number: List Price:60-375-10 $860.00*

URLswww.extron.com/rgb460xiwww.extron.com/rgb468xi


RGB 460xi Euro Channel

RGB 468xi Euro Channel

IRCM-DVD+ IR Control Module for

Advanced DVD Control

Extron’s new IRCM-DVD+ is a four-spaceAAP (architectural adapter plate) that can beused in conjunction with the MediaLinkController (MLC 206). The IRCM-DVD+ iseasily programmable using IR learning andMediaLink software. Once configured, thisIRCM, will provide advanced setup and userfunctions found on all DVD players. TheIRCM-DVD+ is just one of many accessoriesthat can be used in conjunction with theMLC 206 to make small A/V environmentsuser friendly.

IRCM-DVD+

Part Number: List Price:70-179-01 (gray) $235.00*70-179-02 (black) $240.00*70-179-03 (white) $240.00*

URLwww.extron.com/ircmdvdplus


MediaLink

Accessory

DVI–RGB 100 DVI to Analog RGB

Video Converter

The Extron DVI-RGB 100 is a Digital VisualInterface (DVI) to analog RGB video signalconverter. The DVI-RGB 100 bridges the gapbetween DVI and analog video to enableswitching and distribution of DVI signals,simplifying integration of DVI signals intoanalog systems. It accepts DVI digital videoon one DVI-D female digital only connectorand outputs a choice of analog video on sixBNCs, and a loopout for the local monitor.

Using the rotary selector and Display DataChannel (DDC) communications, the user canforce the DVI source to output a specificresolution up to 1280 x 1024 at 85 Hz or1600 x 1200 at 60 Hz. A total of 16 commonVGA-UXGA and HDTV rates are available.

Users can also choose to select video ratesutilizing the local monitor’s DDC by simplyflipping a switch on the DVI-RGB 100. (Note:not all DVI graphics cards are capable ofgenerating all resolutions selectable on theDVI-RGB 100.) Optional under- or through-desk mounting kits are available.

DVI-RGB 100

Part Number: List Price:60-438-01 $1,295.00*

URLwww.extron.com/dvirgb100



Extron ISS SeriesSeamless Switching for Integrated Systems

Extron’s Integration Seamless Switchers (ISS) Series consists of two

switchers—the ISS 108 and ISS 408. Both provide truly seamless,

glitch-free switching for world-class boardrooms, high-end conference

rooms, classrooms, churches, auditoriums, or other “live” environments

where professional-grade transitions between A/V sources are essential.

Scenario: A large advertising agency isrenovating its boardroom to include aprofessional A/V system. Within its plushsurroundings, the plan calls for a digitalprojector to be mounted in a separatesoundproof room, projecting throughoptical glass. The projector will displaysignals coming from a number of sourcesincluding a DVD player, a VCR, adocument camera, a digital camera, acodec, a desktop PC, and a Macintoshcomputer. Executives who will use theroom demand that the systemperformance be first rate. They want theiraudience drawn in, captivated, andimpressed with their message—withoutthinking about the technology. Video fromall sources must fill the screen when theyswitch to it, as well as be centered.Transitions must be smooth andprofessional with instant cuts anddissolves, not jumps, rolls, and long,awkward blanking periods. Inevitably, thequality of the presentation in this type ofroom reflects the professionalism and styleof the organization, and must not becompromised.

Solution: Extron’s Integrated SeamlessSwitchers (ISS) are specifically designed tosimplify system integration and increasepresentation quality for permanentinstallations. ISS switchers can improveswitching transitions with professionalvideo cuts and dissolves to ensure thatpresentations flow effortlessly. The

advertising executive can confidentlycontrol the presentation, reviewingsources on a local preview monitor beforeswitching them to the “program” output,which displays the image for the viewingaudience. The executive can continuewatching what the audience sees on the“preview” screen until he or she decidesto switch to another source. This can be areal lifesaver when it comes to queuingDVD or VCR players, starting from aspecific slide of a PowerPoint presentation,orchestrating camera angles, andmaintaining a steady and dynamic pacethough-out an entire presentation.

True Seamless SwitchingExtron has developed major

advancements with the truly seamlessswitching features found in the SGS 408Seamless Graphics Switcher. With the ISSseries—a lower cost alternative is nowavailable to bring this level of systemperformance into permanently installedsystems.

At the heart of its seamless switchingcapabilities are the transitional effects. TheISS 108 and 408 provide quick andefficient switches with simple “cut” and“dissolve” effects. Dissolve rates arecontrolled through the front panel menuor other optional control devices. Thesimplicity of seamless switching can affordyou the luxury to focus more on the flowof the actual presentation.

ISS 408 (Integration Seamless Switcher)

Dissolve effectusing Extron’sISS 108/408

F E A T U R E D P R O D U C T


continued on next page

sources that originate from film. Accu-RATE Frame Lock (AFL™) locks the outputframe rate to the input frame rate of theactive input. This eliminates image tearsand other artifacts commonly seen withmotion video.

Audio Cross-fading / AudioBreakaway

Another feature of the ISS Series’seamless switching abilities is audio cross-fade. When the dissolve button isactivated, the ISS can simultaneously fadeout one source of audio while fading upanother. In this instance, the audio isperfectly synchronized with its videocounterpart. Audio breakaway is anotheroption that allows you to switch the videoand audio independently from oneanother. Audio breakaway is commonlyassociated with video and audio signalsoriginating from different sources.

High Speed Scaling EngineThe primary difference between the ISS

108 and ISS 408 are their outputresolutions. The ISS 108 can output 15different rates up to 1024 x 768 while theISS 408 supports 33 different output ratesup to 1365 x 1024 and including 480p,720p, 1080p, and 1080i. The ISS 408 alsoutilizes a higher speed scaling engine.However, both can effectively scale RGBHVthrough composite with up/down scalingtechnology. Superior image scaling isenhanced by Extron's proprietarytechnologies. Dynamic MotionInterpolation (DMI™) is an advancedmotion detection and compensationmethod used to deliver the best aspects ofstill and motion algorithms. 3:2 pulldowndetection for NTSC and 2:2 pulldown forPAL is an advanced film mode processingtechnique that helps maximize imagedetail and sharpness for NTSC and PAL

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ISS 408applicationdiagram

Fully Configurable Inputs / DualOutputs

The ISS 108 and 408 both includeeight fully configurable inputs on femaleBNCs. This enables the ISS 108 and 408to accept RGBHV, RGBS, RGsB,component, S-video, and/or compositeinputs. The ISS 408 also accepts HDTV.Like many Extron switchers, inputbuttons on the front panel can belabeled and customized for easyidentification. Labeling can be done with either a Brother P-Touch™ labeler or Extron’s Windows®-based labelsoftware.



ISS 408 front panel

Select button allows you to pick whetheryou want the video, audio, or bothswitched. Green LEDs above the first tenbuttons indicate a video signal is beingoutput. Red LEDs below the buttonssignify activated audio signals.

The Cut and Dissolve buttons performthe seamless transitions for video andaudio outputs, independently orcollectively. Below the LCD interface arePicture Adjustment buttons and knobs forfine-tuning color, tint, contrast, brightness,centering, size, and filtering. Menu andNext buttons are for configuring all eightvideo and audio inputs, as well asaccessing and shifting test patterns,dissolve speeds, output and refresh rates,and effect types.

Many of these same functionalities canbe controlled through RS-232. WithExtron’s Simple Instruction Set (SIS™), a setof basic ASCII code commands, RS-232control provides operation of both the ISS 108 and 408. It can also be utilizedwith or through other control methods.For example, a touch panel with a“preview” display can issue RS-232commands through on-screen buttons.

One of the most impressive methods ofcontrol can be performed via the Internet.Internet Protocol (IP) or Direct IP control

allows you to manage the ISS Seriesfunctions from remote locations throughthe existing network via the RJ-45 ethernet port. This opens up arealm of possibilities within thevideoconferencing arena and otherscenarios where it may be necessary to configure an A/V system’s activities from a distance.

Additional FeaturesWith 16 auto memory presets per input,

you can attach a laptop to either ISSmodel, punch in commands forbrightness, centering, contrast, and otherI/O configurations, and keep them inmemory for future use. When otherdevices are connected, the process can berepeated. Presets for 16 individual sourcedevices can be programmed into each input.

You can also output five different testpatterns, including crop, cross hatch, grayscale, color bars, and alternating pixels.Integrated test patterns eliminate the needfor separate video test generators, andenable you to fine tune the image tomaximize the signal quality of your display.

When it comes to optimum seamlessswitching for live presentationenvironments, the ISS Series is a one-of-a-kind solution.

I S S S e r i e s ( c o n t . )

For audio, both models include eightstereo balanced/unbalanced inputs on3.5 mm captive screw connectors. Audiogain and attenuation adjustments foreach input are accessible through thefront panel menu.

Dual buffered outputs are available onBNCs or 15-pin HD connectors. A blackscreen is also available, eliminating theneed to tie up an input with a black signal.

The ISS 108 and 408 are also equippedwith quad standard video decodingcompatibility. Either switcher can acceptNTSC 3.58, NTSC 4.43, SECAM, and PALcomposite video, S-video, componentvideo, or RGB. Using a digital, four-lineadaptive comb filter, chroma noise iseliminated, thus enabling a projector ormonitor to display a higher quality imagethan that of composite video.

Taking Control There are a number of different control

options the ISS Series can employ tosimplify operations in just about any A/Venvironment. The user-friendly front panelincludes a Black/Mute button, whichswitches video to a black output, mutesaudio, or both at the same time. EightVideo/Audio input buttons let you choosewhich input to switch while a Video/Audio



ample alternative for those occasions when travel isrestrictive.

From health care to manufacturing, many businessesare leveraging their resources and harnessing newtechnology. Within the last few years, computernetworks have become mandatory extensions of acompany’s capabilities. Best of all, these integratednetworks remain affordable to even the smallest ofenterprises. Today, the same can be said forvideoconferencing systems. A decade ago,videoconferencing systems could exceed $100,000,limiting its potential to only large corporations. Turnkeysystems can now be installed for as little as $10,000.

As business expands its global reach,videoconferencing can open up new avenues to attractclients, as well as employees. Reports, proposals,computer graphics, and video can all be shared during avideoconference call. Videoconferencing can givecompanies a competitive advantage, improved customerservice, faster turnarounds, superior training—all in amuch more timely and consistent manner.

A videoconferencing facility will allow you to notonly see and hear the people at the far end, but alsodisplay documents and drawings, share graphics andphotographs, present a PowerPoint slide show, evenshow video clips from a VCR, DVD, or laser disc.Furthermore, you can switch between all these sources,scale them up or convert them down where necessary,or display multiple video images simultaneously on asingle screen. The far end can then view multipleimages coming from various sources.

In the next issue of ExtroNews, we conclude thisvideoconferencing series by tackling commontroubleshooting issues with videoconferencing systems.

The benefits behind point-to-point videoconferencingare extensive. Management can quickly communicatewith employees in multiple locations. Decision-makingis accelerated and intensified by the ability togeographically alert peer groups at short notice.Additionally, videoconferencing is effective in providingcost-efficient training to individuals without the burdenof constant travel to central locations.

In recent years, Extron has found videoconferencingto be an effective means of communicating withdealers. Holding a videoconference to share, discuss,and illustrate time-sensitive information can often bedone in a proficient and complete manner. The mediumdoesn’t replace face-to-face communication, but it is an

Part 6: The Benefits of Videoconferencing

In a day and age where business travel is an expensive, time-consuming, and often

grueling ritual, videoconferencing can eliminate the hurdle of distance in business

relationships, while saving both time and money. Even as the telephone has always

been an important tool to handle the basics of one-to-one communications, it still

poses a disadvantage when eye contact and supplementary visuals are imperative to

the message. In such instances, videoconferencing is a viable resource in simulating real

time, face-to-face interaction.

S P E C I A L V I D E O C O N F E R E N C I N G S E R I E S

by Carole Gilkey, Videoconference Specialist

ANAHEIM

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Figure 1. ApplicationDiagram showing a

videoconference setup using Extron’s

MVP 104GX displaying up tofour images simultaneously,

and Extron’s VSC 75converting computer signal

down to NTSC or PAL.

depending on where the better decoder islocated. See the FAQ section directly belowfor more on this issue.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:

Q: Should I use S-video instead ofcomposite video? Is it always betterthan composite video?

As explained above, conversion back tocomposite video should be avoided wheneverpossible. Connect a video system with S-videoinstead of composite, if possible. However, thatdoesn’t always mean that using S-video is thebest choice. It may be better to use the decoderat the input of the display. See the chart belowfor specifics.

Q: How far can I run an S-videosignal?

It depends. The source, cable quality, anddisplay all affect how far an S-video signal willtravel. Poor quality cable can significantly lower thedistance at which an S-video signal can be used.


only feeding the luma signal into a monitor. The chroma signal contains only the colorinformation.

Decoding Composite Video Into S-Video

For a more detailed description of decodingsee this Extron article: http://www.extron.com/technology/archive.asp?id=ntscdb1

The process of converting composite videoto its baseband components is calleddecoding. The first section of the decoder isused to convert composite video to S-video.This first section is a specialized filter thatseparates the composite signal into its lumaand chroma components.

Filtering is complex and not absolutelyperfect. A little signal crossover, between thechroma and luma signals, occurs during thefiltering process. This results in image artifactsthat degrade the picture. The quality of thisfilter is extremely important. Keep in mindthat using just any piece of equipment forconverting composite video to S-videodoesn’t always result in better video. If anyequipment used for decoding is poor quality,the resulting S-video will not likely be anybetter than if composite video were used instead.

When designing a video system, you needto consider where the best decoder is – in oneof the video components or in the videodisplay itself (or it may be best to introduce an“outside” decoder like the YCS Transcoder).Most all video sources, like laser disc playersand VCRs, have a built in decoder to convertthe recorded signal to S-video for output.Virtually all medium to high-end displays havean S-video and composite video inputs. Youwould choose to use either composite or S-video between the source and display

Composite and S-VideoA composite video signal is an all-in-one

video signal, where everything needed to createa color image is combined into one complexsignal. Composite video includes the followinginformation components: image intensity/brightness (gray-scale), color, and thesynchronizing pulses. Combining all thesesignals into one makes it convenient to route ortransmit, as only one cable is needed. However,the composite signal eventually requiresdecoding before it can be displayed. Thedecoding process (converting composite backinto its component parts) will cause some lossof signal quality.

Since the signal quality is compromised whenconverting to and from composite video, it isbetter to use video in one of its earlier basebandcomponents, if possible. S-video represents oneof those earlier components. An S-video signalrepresents the step prior to compositing in theNTSC system. At this point, the colorinformation is not combined with the gray-scaleinformation and the signal is easier to process invideo processing and display equipment.Generally, if system components can beconnected using S-video instead of composite,S-video should be chosen (for exceptions seethe FAQ section below). Although convenient,composite video distribution should be avoidedwhen possible, if a higher level of signal qualityis the goal.

S-video contains the same information as acomposite video signal, but is routed as twoseparate components. These components arereferred to as luma and chroma (also known asY and C signals respectively). The luma signalcontains the brightness, intensity, and signaltiming information. This is essentially all of thepicture information except for the colorinformation. In fact, you can see the completeblack and white image, without the chroma, by

S-Video Primer

Extron’s sales staff, who answer the Extron S3 Sales Technical Support Hotline, often receive questions about

S-video, its advantages and disadvantages, and its usage. This article provides basic background on S-video

and then will answer various specific questions that Extron’s sales staff frequently receive.

T E C H C O R N E R

by Roger McCarten, Product Development Manager

SourceRecommendedOutput Format

DVD S-video*DSS S-video*S-VHS Player S-videoLaser Disc Test/compare

quality of output sources

TIVO S-video*Cable Tuner Test/compare

quality of output sources

*Component is the best choice in this case,but S-video should be selected over composite.


That said, assuming the system is comprisedof an S-video source with a good signal, a goodquality coaxial cable, and a good display device,an S-video signal can be expected to travel 100to 150 feet on average, but this is highlydependent on the specific cable losses.

Q: Which can be run farther, S-videoor composite?

Since they’re the same signal, but in differentformats, they both should travel the samedistance. There is a fairly popular misconceptionthat S-video signals don’t travel as far ascomposite video signals. This is not true, per se.However, many times S-video is run using alower quality cable than is used to carrycomposite, so it can seem as if S-video won’trun as far as composite. However, if the samequality cable is used for composite and S-video,they will travel the same distance.

Figure 1 (above) shows actual scopemeasurements which compare: compositevideo over Extron’s Mini HR cable (Figure 1a), S-video over two of Extron’s Mini HR Cable(Figure 1b) and S-video over Extron’s S-videocable (Figure 1c). As you can see, the signal levelis same in all three cases. S-video will travel thesame distance with equivalent cable.

Q: I heard that the length of thecable used to carry luma and chromain an S-video cable should be close orthe image may suffer. How close inlength do they have to be?

If the chroma (C) cable is significantly longerthan the luma (Y) cable, the chromainformation will arrive too late and objects inthe image will not change to the proper color intime. The color change will occur to the right ofvertical edge transitions in the luma

T E C H C O R N E R

information. This time misalignment is called achrominance to luminance delay, or justchroma delay. Figure 2 shows an example ofthe image produced.

If the luma (Y) cable is significantly longer thatthe chroma (C) cable the luma information willarrive later than the chroma information. Thisresults in luma (intensity) changes occurring tothe right of color information. When color leadsthe luminance detail, the left edges appear tohave “fuzzy color”. This is called luminance tochrominance delay, or just luma delay. Figure 3shows an example of luma delay.

So how much variance in cable lengthcan you have and not have chroma or lumadelay? Keeping the cables within 15 feet inlength of each other will avoid any noticeablechroma and luma problems.

Q: What type of cables should beused to run S-video?

S-video should be run over a good qualitycoax cable like any other video signal. Audiocable, twisted pair cable, or other types ofnon-video cable should not be used to carry S-video signals. An otherwise good S-videosystem can be ruined by the use of the wrongcable or by the use of poor quality coax cable.Even though an S-video signal is lowerresolution than computer video, it is stillsensitive to cable quality and outsideinterference.

S-video cable connections may beimplemented using BNCs, RCA connectors, orthe 4-pin mini DIN connector (known as the S-video connector). Any of these connectorsshould work fine, although it is important tomake sure you use good quality connectors.

Figure 1.

Figure 1a. Composite video over Extron’s Mini HR cable. Figure 1c. S-video over Extron’s S-video cable.Figure 1b. S-video over two of Extron’s Mini HR cable.

Figure 2. Chroma Delay Image

Figure 3. Luma Delay Image


Mitsubishi www.mitsubishi-presentations.com

Mitsubishi is shipping the XGA MegaViewWall data display. This DLP 50-inch (127 cm)data wall display is designed for applicationssuch as command and control roomenvironments, information displays, andentertainment solutions. The cube-shapeddisplays can be configured in many ways—asmany as five cubes can be vertically stackedwithout support, and any number can bepositioned horizontally, side by side. Thesuggested USD is $20,000 each.

Recommended Extron product: The CrossPoint and CrossPoint PlusMatrix Series switchers allow multipleinputs to be routed to multiple outputs, andthey are ideally suited for applications wherethe Mitsubishi MegaView Wall is beingutilized. These RGBHV Matrix switchers arealso available with or without audio and areoffered in the following sizes: 8 x 4, 8 x 8, 12 x 4, 12 x 8, 16 x 8, and 16 x 16. The audioversions have adjustable gain andattenuation. The Plus versions have DigitalSync Validation Processing (DSVP) whichallows remote diagnostics of the CrossPointPlus switchers. This feature is useful in criticalcommand and control centers whereoperation is 24/7.

Hitachihttp://www.hal.hitachi.com

Hitachi has announced their 37-inch (93 cm)plasma display CMP307XU designed formultimedia presentation and kioskapplications. The 4:3 aspect ratioCMP307XU has a 1024 x 768 nativeresolution and can handle computers up to1280 x 1024. It is compatible with NTSC,PAL, and SECAM, as well as HDTV. Otherfeatures include a built-in screen saver andinternal speakers. This product is shippingnow and suggested USD list price is $8,995.

Recommended Extron product: For switching and distribution ofHDTV/component and S-video sources to theHitachi CMP307XU, Extron offers a selectionof switchers and distribution amplifiers(DAs). For HDTV/component applications,the SW 6 Component switcher allowsmultiple HDTV images to be switched to oneplasma, and the ADA 6 Componentdistribution amplifier allows one HDTV imageto be displayed on six plasmas. For S-videoapplications, the SW 6 SV MX can be usedto switch up to six S-video sources, and theSV DA 6 MX an be used to distribute one S-video source to six plasmas.

ExtroNews publishes information about new products that are relative to the Extron product line in the New News section. Also listed arethe recommended Extron products that will complement these new display devices in their targeted applications. If you would like a newproduct to be reviewed for New News, please send a press release, literature, contact name, and a four-color slide or photo to: New News c/o Ginger Dodier, Extron Electronics, 1230 South Lewis Street, Anaheim, CA 92805, phone: (714) 491-1500, ext. 6270or e-mail to [email protected]

CMP307XU MegaView Wall

Clarity Visual Systemswww.clarityvisual.com

Clarity Visual Systems is shipping the UXGA resolution Panther PN-6730-UX & PN-6740-UX. These stand-alone, rearprojection Panthers are 67-inch (170 cm)displays that are encased in a cabinet that is26.5 inches in depth and has built-in castersto allow easy movement between corporateboardrooms, design centers, conferencerooms, and large-meeting areas. ThePanthers scale computer images from VGAto UXGA. They also accept composite, S-video, component, HDTV, and DVI-D.Audio is offered on the PN-6740-UX model.The suggested USD list price is $24,995 forthe PN-6730-UX and $25,995 for the PN-6740-UX.

Recommended Extron product: When using the DVI (Digital Visual Interface)input of the Panther rear projection units,the DDTX/DDRX DVI driver will lengthenthe distance run, and the D/2 DA4 DVIdistribution amplifier will multiply the outputof the PC’s DVI graphics card. Since the DVIsignal is recommended for runs up to 15 feet(4.6 m), the DDTX/DDRX DVI driver allowsthe signal of the DVI card to be driven up to330 feet (100 m) using Extron’s SHR cable. Ifmultiple Panthers are used, the D/2 DA4 DVIdistribution amplifier splits the signal of theDVI graphics card to four outputs.

Panther

N E W N E W S F R O M T H E I N D U S T R Y


EzPro 755

Toshibawww.toshiba.com

Toshiba unveils the TLP 780 & TLP 781 LCDprojectors. These XGA projectors offer 2,000ANSI lumens and are for applications such asconference room installations or high-qualityon-the-go presentations. Both projectors arecompatible with computers up to UXGA.They have composite, S-video, component,RGB, and DVI inputs, and they accept allvideo formats including NTSC, PAL, andSECAM. The TLP 781 has the built in“visualizer”—a digital color documentcamera. The USD list price is of the TLP 780and TLP 781 is $5,995 and $6,995,respectively.

Recommended Extron product: For conference room installations using theToshiba TLP 780 or TLP 781, the System 7SCswitcher provides additional inputs. TheSystem 7SC is a seven input, dual outputswitcher with scaling capabilities and advancedfilm mode processing—3:2 pulldowndetection for NTSC and 2:2 film detection forPAL. Six of the seven inputs of the System 7SCaccept composite video, S-video, component(including HDTV), or RGBHV, and the seventhinput accepts composite video, S-video, orRGBHV. Audio is available on all seven inputswith adjustable gain and attenuation. Thescaled output of the System 7SC can beconfigured to match the native resolution ofthese projectors. The RGB signals are passedthrough. The System 7SC also offers projectorand room control.

Sonywww.sony.com

Sony introduced the VPL-PX15 2,000 ANSIlumens LCD projector. It features XGA nativeresolution and is compatible with computersup to 1280 x 1024. It also includes a PC cardslot which allows users the option ofconnecting the projector to any PC on thesame network. Alternatively, the projectorcan be connected to a LAN through the10Base-T/100Base-TX interface or via a webbrowser. Suggested USD list price is $7,800.

Recommended Extron product: Adding the Extron MediaLink™ System willallow easy remote control of the Sony VPL-PX15 projector. The MediaLinkController (MLC 206) is the cornerstone ofthe MediaLink family of products. Theflexible MLC 206 is an intuitive, intelligentremote control panel that provides poweron/off, input switching, and volume controlfor the VPL-PX15 as well as room control. Forexpansion of the A/V systems, the MLC 206can be coupled with a variety of versatileMediaLink Switchers (MLS), which allow six additional inputs to be added to the VPL-PX15.

TLP 780

N E W N E W S F R O M T H E I N D U S T R Y

Optoma Technology, Inc.www.optoma.com

Optoma Technology, Inc., is offering theEzPro 755, a 2,000 ANSI lumens DLPprojector. This 6.4 lb. projector is designedfor applications ranging from boardrooms toclassrooms to home theater. It features anative XGA resolution with SXGAcompression. It is capable of displaying eithera 4:3 or 16:9 aspect ratio. It is compatiblewith NTSC, PAL, SECAM, and HDTV, as wellas computer images up to 1280 x 1024. Ithas a suggested USD list price of $6,995.

Recommended Extron product: The Extron System 5cr Plus can addadditional inputs to the Optoma EzPro 755projector. The System 5cr Plus is a fiveinput, one output, A/V integration switcherwith an internal audio amplifier. It provides atotal of five inputs—two for composite or S-video, two for RGBHV, and one that isconfigurable for composite, S-video, orRGBHV. The System 5cr Plus can controlpower on/off, mute, and input selection forthe Optoma. It also provides room control.This is an inexpensive solution for projectorand room control of smaller-scale A/Vinstallations.

VPL-PX15


Sangbum Lee has joinedExtron as AccountManager, Korea. Basedout of Seoul, he willprovide regionalsupport and training toExtron dealers in theKorean market.Sangbum has aBachelor’s degree from

Long Island University in New York and bringswith him over six years experience in the A/Vindustry. Previously, he worked as sales managerfor Young Jin Visual Technology, a major controlroom system integrator and Extron dealer.Sangbum was responsible for system design andvideoconferencing systems.

Steve SomersRecognized at CEDIA

Congratulations to Extron's VP of Engineering,Steve Somers, who was awarded CEDIA's coveted2001 Volunteer of the Year award. Steve wasrecognized for his exemplary efforts as a Subject

Matter Expert (SME) in creating andpresenting course content and

certification exam material forinstallers including Installer I and

Installer II certification exams,Installer I and II Essentials

study seminars, andInstaller II all day seminar.

In addition, he ischairman of the current

Designer I and II SMECommittees.

New Extron Team Member

Sangbum Lee, Account Manager – Korea

We’ve included a little something extra with this issue ofExtroNews: Extron’s 2002 Wall Calendar!

This full color wall calendar displays all dates andlocations for Extron Institutes, ICIA Schools, InfoComm

Academy, Cedia training, NSCA training, and key industry-related tradeshows. Additionally, various color-coded

symbols appear throughout the calendar to indicate whichof the four Extron offices will be closed for a particularholiday. The calendar also features photos and details of

Extron’s newest products.

To request additional quantities of Extron’s 2002 WallCalendar, contact your Extron Customer Support

Representative at:

USA: 800.633.9876 (within USA/Canada only) or 714.491.1500Europe: +800.3987.6673 (within Europe only) or 31.33.453.4040

Asia: +65.383.4400 Japan: +81.3.3511.7655

It’s time once again to turn to our readers and see how we can improveExtroNews with Extron’s 2001 Annual Survey.

The enclosed survey card is a short questionnaire seeking your opinionabout our newsletter’s content, readability, and appearance. We want toknow which sections are your favorite and what you would like to seeadded or changed in future issues. Your feedback is important to us.By completing the survey card and sending it back to Extron before January 29, 2002, you’ll automatically be entered into a randomdrawing for a chance to win an Extron VTG 200 video test generator!

2001Annual Survey

Audio input connector

Buffered local monitoroutput connector

Computer inputconnector

Low profile interfaceenclosure is only 1" deep

3-positionLevel/peaking switch

Side view of RGB 460xi mountedto a two-gang wall box

Horizontal shiftcontrol knob

800.633.9876www.extron.com

Extron’s RGB 460xi, RGB 464xi, and RGB 468xi are universal, analog computer-videointerfaces in architecturally friendly configurations, that can be flush mounted in virtuallyany standard U.S. size wall box or wall-mounted without any box at all. Equipped withExtron’s exclusive Advanced Digital Sync Processing (ADSP™) technology to ensuredisplay compatibility, each model comes complete with a female 15-pin HD input, abuffered local monitor output connector, horizontal shift control, and 3-positionlevel/peaking switch. All three models are designed for new construction and otherpermanent installation environments, enabling designers and architects to buildthem directly into the facility.

Features:

• Advanced Digital Sync Processing (ADSP™) corrects sync-relatedcompatibility issues

• 300 MHz (-3dB) RGB bandwidth and 15-130 kHz scanning range

• Accepts VGA, SVGA, XGA, SXGA, UXGA, Mac, Sun, and SGI signals

• Outputs RGBHV, RGBS, or RGsB (switch selectable)

• Buffered local monitor output

• Five output BNC pigtails for simplified installation and cable management

• Will convert computer-generated, unbalanced audio to balancedline-level audio to ensure trouble-free routing

• UL listed and CE approved—even without the back boxes

• Comes in black, white or grey to match professional interiors

• Ships with drywall mud rings and power supply

www.extron.com/2/rgb460

Extron® RGB 460xi Series InterfacesThe Computer Interfaces That Fit

Anyone’s Standard Wall Box

2-colorPower/signal LED

RGBHV pigtails

RGB 464xi

INPUT

MONITOR

H. SHIFT

MIN/MAX

AUDIO

VIDEO

S-VIDEO

AUDIO

NETWORK

L/MONO

R

MONITOR

NO MONITOR

RGB 464xi(fits in three-gang box)

RGB 468xi(fits in four-gang box)

ExtroNews is published by ExtronElectronics/RGB Systems Inc. No portion ofthis newsletter may be reproduced in anyform without written permission from ExtronElectronics. Every effort has been made toensure accuracy in content; however, Extronassumes no responsibility for errors andomissions in the information providedherein. ExtroNews is sent free of charge tocommunication industry professionals andend-users. Printed in the United States of America.

We welcome your comments and contributions! Please submit ideas to:

Extron Electronics, USA1230 South Lewis StreetAnaheim, CA 92805Phone: 714.491.1500 or 800.633.9876Fax: 714.491.1517

Extron Electronics, EuropeBeeldschermweg, 6C 3821 AH AmersfoortThe NetherlandsPhone: +31.33.453.4040 or +800.3987.6673Fax: +31.33.453.4050

Extron Electronics, Asia135 Joo Seng Road #04-01PM Industrial BuildingSingapore 368363Phone: +65.383.4400Fax: +65.383.4664

Extron Electronics, JapanDaisan DMJ Bldg. 6F, 3-9-1 Kudan MinamiChiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0074JapanPhone: +81.3.3511.7655Fax: +81.3.3511.7656

Copyright © 2001 Extron Electronics. All rights reserved. All trademarks mentionedare the property of their respective owners.

Extron Institute Upcoming Schedule: 2001 December 10-11............................................................The NetherlandsDecember 10-11 ..............................................................New York, NYDecember 12-13 ..............................................................New York, NY

2002January 10-11 ....................................................................Anaheim, CAJanuary 10-11 ........................................................................SingaporeJanuary 14-15 ......................................................................Atlanta, GAJanuary 16-17 ......................................................................Atlanta, GAJanuary 21-22 ..............................................................The NetherlandsFebruary 7-8 ......................................................................Anaheim, CAFebruary 18-19..............................................................The NetherlandsFebruary 18-19......................................................................Denver, COFebruary 20-21......................................................................Denver, CO

Upcoming Tradeshows, 2002April 8-11 ..............................NAB..............................Las Vegas, NVApril 9-11 ..........................E-Learning......................Washington, DC

PRSRT STDU.S.

POSTAGEPAID W.M.S.

Extron® Electronics1230 South Lewis StreetAnaheim, CA 92805

Susan Watts with DillonProductions in Norcross, GA,

outdid herself creating thisscrumptious cake. She used ExtronTweekers as pillars to support the

top layer—just as all Extronproducts can be used to “hold

together” the different “layers” of an A/V system!

Send us a photograph andbrief explanation of howyou use the Tweeker. If we publish it in a futureissue of ExtroNews, we’llgive you a free VTG 150.Please send entries alongwith contact information to:

Extron Tweeker Contest1230 South Lewis StreetAnaheim, CA 92805.

Or e-mail a high resolutionphoto and explanation [email protected]

Mater Dei, Extron, and MediaLink™ Taking Education ... · Taking Education & Technology to a New,...

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