MARWADI EDUCATION FOUNDATION MARWADI EDUCATION FOUNDATION DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Brick MasonryBrick Masonry

PRESENTED BYZapada Rahul L TF-2 Civil (FOT)

IntroductionIntroduction

Masonry Construction of building units bonded

together with mortar.

Brick masonry

Construction of brick units bonded together with mortar.

MasonryMasonry Masonry is generally a highly durable form Masonry is generally a highly durable form

of construction. However, the materials of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can significantly affect units are assembled can significantly affect the durability of the over all masonry the durability of the over all masonry construction. construction.

Masonry units, such as Masonry units, such as brick, tile, stone, brick, tile, stone, glass brick or concrete block glass brick or concrete block generally generally conform to the requirements specified in conform to the requirements specified in the 2003 the 2003 International Building CodeInternational Building Code ((IBCIBC) ) Section 2103.Section 2103.

Masonry - Primary Uses TodayMasonry - Primary Uses Today Concrete Masonry Units (CMU)Concrete Masonry Units (CMU) Foundation WallsFoundation Walls Structural Support Walls (low rise)Structural Support Walls (low rise) Backup Walls for Exterior FacingBackup Walls for Exterior Facing

Brick & StoneBrick & Stone Facing Materials - VeneersFacing Materials - Veneers

Decorative WallsDecorative Walls

MasonryMasonryMasonryMasonry is the building of structures from individual is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by units laid in and bound together by mortarmortar; the term ; the term masonrymasonry can also refer to the units themselves. The can also refer to the units themselves. The common materials of masonry construction are common materials of masonry construction are BrickBrick StoneStone MarbleMarbleGraniteGranite LimestoneLimestoneCast StoneCast StoneConcrete BlockConcrete BlockGlass block Glass block Stucco, and Tile. Stucco, and Tile.

ApplicationsApplications Masonry is commonly Masonry is commonly used for the walls of used for the walls of

buildings, retaining walls and monuments. buildings, retaining walls and monuments. Brick and concrete Brick and concrete block are the most common block are the most common

types of masonry in use in industrialized nations types of masonry in use in industrialized nations and may be either weight-bearing or a veneer.and may be either weight-bearing or a veneer.

Concrete blocks, especially those with hollow Concrete blocks, especially those with hollow cores, offer various possibilities in masonry cores, offer various possibilities in masonry construction. They generally provide great construction. They generally provide great compressive strength, and are best suited to compressive strength, and are best suited to structures with light transverse loading when the structures with light transverse loading when the cores remain unfilled. Filling some or all of the cores remain unfilled. Filling some or all of the cores with concrete or concrete with steel cores with concrete or concrete with steel reinforcement (typically rebar) offers much reinforcement (typically rebar) offers much greater tensile and lateral strength to structuresgreater tensile and lateral strength to structures

Brick masonry is construction in which Brick masonry is construction in which uniform units (“bricks”), small enough to be uniform units (“bricks”), small enough to be placed with one hand, are laid in courses placed with one hand, are laid in courses with mortar joints to form walls. Bricks are with mortar joints to form walls. Bricks are kiln baked from various clay and shale kiln baked from various clay and shale mixtures. The chemical and physical mixtures. The chemical and physical characteristics of the ingredients vary characteristics of the ingredients vary considerably. These characteristics and the considerably. These characteristics and the kiln temperatures combine to produce brick kiln temperatures combine to produce brick in a variety of colors and harnesses. in a variety of colors and harnesses.

BrickBrick MasonryMasonry

Technical terms used in masonryTechnical terms used in masonry

Header Brick which is laid with its length

perpendicular to the face of the wall.

Stretcher Full brick which is laid with its length

parallel to the face of the wall.

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Header

Stretcher

Soldier

Closer Portion of brick cut in such a manner that one long face remains uncut.

King closer Brick is cut in such a way that the width of its end is half of full brick.

Queen closer Brick is half as wide as a full brick.

Half Bat Portion of brick cut half across the width.

Bevelled closer It is similar to king closer with the only difference that the whole length of he brick is bevelled.

Half batQueen closer

King closerFull brick

Basic BrickworkTerminologyBasic BrickworkTerminology

BedJoint

HeadJoint

Course - horizontal layer of brickCourse - horizontal layer of brick

MortarMortar

Mortar is a pasty material formed by the addition of water to a mixture composed of an aggregate (sand) and a binding material (cement or lime) which may be handled with a trowel. The mortar units the individual bricks together. Generally, following types of mortar are in use,

o Mud mortaro Cement mortaro Lime mortaro Cement lime mortar Mud mortar is used for the temporary construction.

Cement mortar is used for permanent structures. In order to select a suitable type of mortar for a given construction, we must know the type of desired finish, the magnitude and nature of super-imposed load, the effect of weathering agencies and the importance of structure.

Brick’s Bonding Brick’s Bonding

1. Stretcher Bond1. Stretcher Bond2. English Bond2. English Bond3. Flemish Bond3. Flemish Bond4. Raking Bond4. Raking Bond5. English Garden Wall Bond5. English Garden Wall Bond6. Common / American Bond6. Common / American Bond7. Flemish Garden Wall Bond7. Flemish Garden Wall Bond8. Running Bond8. Running Bond9. Herringbone Bond9. Herringbone Bond

Header BondHeader Bond

A masonry bond consisting of header courses exclusively. Header bond was sometimes used to help make a building look bigger. Civic buildings and the odd town-house can be found in Header bond

Stretcher Bond

Easiest Bond To Lay & Minimizes The Amount Of Cutting Required Originally Used For Single Brick Walls, Now Called 1/2 Brick Walls It Became The Obvious Choice For Cavity Walls As Less Cutting Was Required.

English Bond

Alternative courses of headers and stretchers; one header placed centrally above each stretcher.

This is a very strong bond when the wall is 1 brick thick(or thicker).

One of the strongest brickwork bond patterns.

Flemish Bond Alternate bricks are placed as header and stretcher

in every course. Each header is placed centrally between the stretcher immediately above and bellow.

Raking Bond Herringbone and diagonal bonds can be effective

within an exposed framed construction, or contained within restraining brick courses.

English Garden Wall Bond An alternative version of English bond with

header courses being inserted at every fourth or sixth course. This is a correspondingly weaker bond. Suitable for free standing wall.

Common/ American Bond A brickwork pattern in which all rows are

stretchers, except an eighth row of headers

Flemish Garden Wall Bond In this variant of Flemish bond, one header is placed

at every third stretcher

Herring bone BondIt is a purely decorative bond. It is used in floor and wall panels.

Herringbone and diagonal bonds can be Herringbone and diagonal bonds can be effective within an exposed framed effective within an exposed framed construction, or contained within construction, or contained within restraining brick courses.restraining brick courses.

Racking BondRacking Bond