Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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Transcript of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Theory“We each have a hierarchy of needs that ranges from "lower" to "higher." As lower needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for other, higher needs to emerge.”
Maslow’s Theory
Maslow’s theory maintains that a person does not feel a higher need until the needs of the current level have been satisfied. Maslow's basic needs are as follows:
Esteem
Self-Actualization
Safety
Social
Physiological
Physiological Needs
FoodAirWaterClothingSex
Basic Human Needs
Safety Needs
Protection Stability Pain
Avoidance Routine/Order
Safety and Security
Social Needs
Affection Acceptance Inclusion
Love and Belonging
Esteem Needs Self-Respect Self-Esteem Respected by
Others
Esteem
Self-Actualization Achieve full potential Fulfillment
HERZBERG’S Motivation-Hygiene Theory
Psychologist Frederick Herzberg believed that:Intrinsic—natural, real—factors are related to
job satisfaction &Extrinsic factors are related to job
dissatisfaction.
Herzberg’s Theory cont’dOn the other hand, when employees
were dissatisfied, they tended to cite extrinsic factors such as company policy and administration, supervision, interpersonal relationships, and working conditions.
Herzberg suggested emphasizing motivators—those factors that increase job satisfaction, such as recognition and growth.
Hygiene FactorsHerzberg’s term for factors such as:
Working conditions and Salary—when these factors are adequate, people will not be dissatisfied, but neither will they be satisfied.
These factors may eliminate job dissatisfaction but do not necessarily increase job satisfaction.
Herzberg proposed that his findings indicate that the opposite of “satisfaction” is “no satisfaction” and the opposite of “dissatisfaction” is “no dissatisfaction.”
Herzberg’s TheoryHe believed that an individual’s attitude
toward his or her work can very well determine success or failure
Intrinsic factors such as achievement, recognition, and responsibility were related to job satisfaction
When people felt good about their work, they tended to attribute these characteristics to themselves.