E-Learning Best Practices:

University of the East Caloocan Department of Computer Studies and Systems

51

University of the EastCaloocan CampusCollege of Engineering Department of Computer Studies and Systems

Martinez Institute of Basic Education Route Finder System

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Computer Studies and Systems University of the East Caloocan City

In Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science

Abanco, Arljune B.Andrin, John Cleford B.Gloria, Ryan C.Tadioan III, Servando P.

May , 2015Chapter 1INTRODUCTION

In todays modern age traveling to an unknown city or province is an easy thing to do. With the use of navigation tools like route finder systems being lost on the way can be minimize. Unlike using paper maps to manually plot the routes to take, route finder system can automatically give route path in a blink of an eye by just inserting a starting point and choosing and end point. If it happens that the presented route is not favorable some route finder systems can give an alternative direction for the users convenience.Route finder systems was also been starting to implement on different plants, hospitals, museum and on different university campuses to give convenience to guests and visitors.Route finder system is essential in assisting ones way. Imagine that it is your first time entering an educational institution or university campus that is so large in extent and you have a schedule to catch up like college entrance examination. You wish to head directly to the examination room that has been assign where to take the exam. Unfortunately, you are not familiar yet to the vicinity of the school and end up asking help from staffs that tends to gives you a long sequence of complicated directions where you cannot able to memorize every single details that has been given. But in using route finder system you can able to get more detailed information on how to reach your designated room at ease.

1.1 Background of the StudySchoolIn 1936, founders Dr. Antonio C. Martinez and wife Luz A. Martinez put up a small private clinic called the Country Clinic to serve the people of Caloocan for their medical needs. Though the business is doing well, the founders decided to improve their clinic to make it hospital. While improvements were being done, tragedy struck the Martinez family due to the untimely death of Dr. Martinez. The family, together with Mrs. Luz Martinez continued on the dream. Thus, It was in 1952 after the death of Dr. Martinez that the Country Clinic changed its name to become the Martinez Memorial Hospital.In 1962, The Martinez Memorial School of Nursing was formed and the school of nursing evolved into the Martinez Memorial Colleges in 1968.In 2012, some members of the Martinez family together with Dr. Rosario De Ocera, Dr. Asuncion Manalo and Dr. Lilian Enriquez, decided to come up with a school that caters to the primary and high school levels. The school hopes to form young minds to become great positive contributors to society. Thus, the Martinez Institute of Basic Education was formed in 2013. The school hopes to continue the legacy of Dr. Antonio and Luz Martinez.NavigationFor centuries maps have been used by travelers, tourist, voyager etc. to transit from one place to another. Navigation devices and digital maps have been started to use from the last decade up to the present to locate the position of the user and assist in giving navigational directions. Recently, maps become more than just a visualization tool for navigations. They are now aiding tool to enhance the reliability of information obtained from navigation solutions.Almost all navigation tools nowadays are relying on digital maps as the primary media for displaying navigation information to the user. These tools are integrated with GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver. Systems like these usually provide accurate positioning information but they can only do so in GPS-friendly environments. In GPS-denied environments, such as indoor facilities, navigation has difficulty in maintaining accurate positioning information due to GPS signal blockage. As the Martinez Institute of Basic Education continues to grow the institution is still not offering a system that can help visitors in locating specific room or office in its vicinity. Though its land area is not that large most of the students, guests and visitors find it difficult to arrive at a specific point inside the university efficiently. Even given the direction and that rooms and offices has its labels visitors still having a hard time in finding one. Implementing a route finder system can be a great help. Users of the usual route finder application need to key-in the location of interest where they wanted to go by means of the usual keyboard or by on-screen keyboard on touchscreen monitors.This system can be a great help for visitors and upcoming freshmen students so that they do not need to ask any more for long and complicated directions.

1.2 Statement of the ProblemsThe following problems encountered by the respondents:1. Inaccessibility of college staff to assist the visitors to the respective place/department.2. The provided guidance is not precise enough bringing about making incorrectly turns that lead in circumnavigating around the spot3. Some students are unaware in the existence of some offices in their university.4. How do the respondents evaluate/ assess the proposed study in terms of the following:4.1 Accuracy4.2 Reliability 4.3 Speed4.4 User-friendly 4.5 Accessibility

1.3 Objectives of the Study1.3.1 General ObjectiveThe proponents aim to develop a route map finder application using speech recognition in order to prevent being lost and that can save time, energy as well as the effort of the users/visitors in circling around the place. The proponents will implement speech recognition that can minimize the GUI interaction thus keeping the users at ease that lacks in other existing systems. The project will be having a blinking or beating icon that will appear on the map indicating that it is the point of interest of the user.

1.3.2 Specific ObjectivesThe following are the specific objectives of the proposed system:1. To be able to develop a route map finder system that can assist visitors/ guests to the respective place/ department inside the vicinity of the university.2. To design a route map finder system that will give accurate and easy to understand direction thus minimizing incorrectly turns.3. To produce a route map finder system that can give guide information to students for some offices in the university that they are not familiar to.4. To create a route map finder system that allows the respondents evaluate/ assess the proposed study in terms of the following:4.1 accuracy4.2 reliability4.3 speed4.4 user-friendliness4.5 accessibility

1.4 Significance of the StudyThe propose project will provide interactive map where users can easily find the best possible route to reach the desired location without using GPS technology within the vicinity of the university. The route map finder will provide instruction on how to reach desired site. These instructions are not just worded procedure but will also show visual output for better understanding of the given instruction. School: With the use of the proposed system the Instituttion can serve well to their students, guests and visitors in navigating certain places inside the school building in an easier way that can saves a lot of time and effort. Visitors/ Guests: The proposed system can help greatly in assisting visitors/ guests in providing accurate directions that can make their visit in the school more smoothly and conveniently. Alumni: Giving updated information for visiting old students for them not to be lost. Future Researcher: This study could be a future ideal model or reference for a route finder system for the upcoming researchers who want to enhance this research.

1.5 Scope and Limitations of the StudyScopes of the proposed system: 1. The system will show the latest geographical map of the Martinez Institute of Basic Education. 2. It will show existing rooms and offices within each building by floor level.3. The project will provide tutorial on how to use the proposed system.4. The proposed system will provide the shortest route to take in order to arrive at the desired location and will also provide alternative ways that can take if the shortest route is not accessible.Limitations of the proposed system:1. The proposed system is intended for Martinez Institute of Basic Education only.2. The study is limited only for keyboard in accepting users input.3. Any constructions or physical-relocation of offices that is still ongoing will not be included in the system.4. The system to be develop is a stand-alone application.5. It can only run in Windows operating system.

1.6. System SpecificationThe following requirements will be used in order for the proposed system to run:1.6.1 Minimum System Requirement Processor 2.5Ghz processor Operating System Windows 7(32 bit) RAM 2GB Screen Resolution - 1440 x 900 px Built-in Speaker Microphone or Built-in Microphone

1.6.2 Recommended System Requirement Processor 3.0 Ghz processor Operating System Windows 7(64 bit) RAM 4GB Screen Resolution - 1440 x 900 px or higher Built-in Speaker Microphone or Built-in Microphone

Chapter 2

RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Some related literature and study has been gathered in connection to the proposed study by the proponents. This section explains the important contribution of each researched materials to the study thus bringing knowledge and ideas among readers. Research studies were also included for further discussion of the significance of the proposed system compared to those closely like systems. Through e-books, e-journals and mostly on the web where the gathered materials has been obtained.

2.1 Review of Related Literature2.1.1 Foreign LiteratureAt San Antonio Military Medical Center making a wrong turn is frequently to happen because of prodigious size of 2 million-square feet with nearly 300 destinations. With the help of the new technology that has been placed to main entrances of the building this wrong turn incidents can be minimize. This is with the use of Wayfinder, an interactive touch screen map kiosk that helps patients and visitors navigate their way throughout the medical center easily and quickly. Its a simple process--anyone can go up and type in a key word or a title on the computer monitor, search for their specific locations in the hospital and the Wayfinder will give animated directions or even print out a map for them at the nearest information desk," said Maj. Chadwick Fletcher, BAMC Chief Technology Officer. He also added that their Wayfinder has a unique feature that can work on smart phones. "It is the QR Code or Quick Response Code," he said. "This allows the Wayfinder to bring up the printed directions and then transfer the information to a smart phone using the phone's QR App". The Information Service supervisor named Marcos Garcia believed that with the use of Wayfinder visits at SAMMC can go a little smoother. Garcia said that their information staff and volunteers get very busy answering phones that took between two and three-hundred phone calls a day on average. That is why Wayfinder is a big help for the hand to speak but no to replace their people. Currently there are six Wayfinders located at all SAMMC main entrances that are ready to assist and guide patients to wherever they need to go. (Shields, 2014)According to Scott (2006) the QUICKfinder has been offered to help visitors learn about plants. This technology allows visitors to search for locations of living woody plants and dedicated trees by using the touch screen kiosk in the entrance foyer of the Scott Arboretum Offices.Searches for individual plants can be done by common or botanical name, species or cultivar. Create a Tour automatically arranges the selected plants by distance, creating a numbered walking tour. Maps can be viewed on-screen or printed in the reception lobby. Dedicated trees can be located using the Locate a Dedicated Tree button by entering part of the persons name for whom the tree was dedicated on the touch screen keyboard. When you select the view location button, a map will be composed showing the location. These maps may also be printed in the nearby front desk. (scottarboretum.org, 2011)An article in Copenhagenize website states that a new bicycle route planner has hit the Danish Internet and its pretty cool. Haunstrup(2010) developed a cycle route planner as thesis project at the Institute for Geography and Geology at University of Copenhagen that was further developed and administered at Web Bureau Klikbart. What makes it more interesting and useful than other existing route planner is that you can choose from five different routes namely:Shortest route Get there in a hurry, but take care!Optimal route Use the best cycle tracks and get there a little bit safer.Safest route - Steer around the heaviest traffic.Greenest route Take a trip on the green cycle network.Quiet route Enjoy cycling in quiet time on smaller streets.An English version is planned to release as well and Brian has plans for thematic routes. An article at (bizcommunity.com, 2008). Announces that the Primall Media will be launching its latest innovation, Touch Screen Directory Boards, in October 2008. With the placement of 93 touch screen units in 18 of the top malls countrywide. Primall Medias Darren Katz says that consumers will no longer have to try and navigate from current you are here static and confusing shopping mall directories. With a 46 inch portrait positioned full LCD High Definition plasma screen TVs Touch Screen Directories intended to ease the consumers shopping experience, whether they are familiar with that particular mall or not. The Touch Screen Directories will allow consumers to search for a store, product or brand name and be easily directed to that point. According to an article in (usgs.gov, 2007) the USGS United States Geological Survey has launched the new USGS Map Locator and Downloader, a Web tool designed to deliver topographic maps easier, faster and less expensively than before. Using open source software and the Google Maps programming interface, the Map Locator and Downloader allows customers to find the topographic maps they need, by searching zip code, address, or navigating on an interactive map. Users can pan, zoom, change the map to see satellite imagery or a seamless USGS topographic map view, order printed maps or download a scanned map image in GeoPDF format."This product was a major priority for US since 20 percent of the people who visit the USGS homepage are looking for maps," said USGS Director Mark Myers. "This is the beginning of a whole new approach to serving our customers."Downloading maps allows users to view the map prior to purchase and doesn't require customers to pay the shipping and handling fees associated with hard map products.The launch of the Map Locator and Downloader is the first step in a plan to update the USGS Store (which is expected to be completed early in 2008. To date, customers have downloaded about 40,000 maps; traffic is currently about 16,000 downloads per month.

2.1.2. Local LiteratureDavao City Central 911 is a highly computerized, fully integrated emergency and rescue dispatch system that links the residents of Davao to the entire emergency resources of Davao City. It provides residents of Davao City immediate response to emergencies by simply dialing 911 on any land line or mobile phone.Patterned after the 911 system of the United States and Canada, Davao City Central 911 uses a modified version of its Geographic and Information System (GIS), called, the Emergency Computer Aided Dispatch (ECAD), a computerized mapping system that allows authorities locate the origin of a distress call and even tracks police response time to emergency calls. It utilizes GIS maps plotted with grid lines to triangulate location of the caller. It also captures stores and recalls data in an electronic database. The system uses color-coded icons which monitor movement and location of police mobile units: Blue for mobile units at rest; Red for on the move response, and Green for onsite.Part of Davao City's continued expansion and enhancement of its public safety program is the recent acquisition of a brand new state-of-the-art bus ambulance. It can hold 15 patients at a time and reported to be the first of its kind in the country. It is equipped with fundamental medical facilities found in a hospital. Earlier, the city has invested in a P128-million Intelligent Operations Center (IOC) designed to further enhance the city governments response mechanism. IBM Philippines dubbed the IOC as the first in the world" that integrates all the services and data from the citys different offices and intends to better manage crime, terrorism, traffic and emergency responses and public safety in the city. The city has now shifted from responding to critical events to anticipating and preventing them, when and where possible.(biyahedavao.blogspot.com, 2013)On the website of the Webcast Technologies, Inc. it is stated there that residential companies are starting to incorporate a google geo solution by revamping their property finders. For the past few years Philippine Real Estate Industy has been booming with stable economic growth, low interest reates and increase in investment for housing have openeded opportunities for growth. Webcast Technologis, Inc (WTI) as an Enterprise Partner of Google has been actively seeking for ways to deliver map-based solutions to capitalize on this oppurtunity and has successfully penetrated the Real Estate Industy as it closed a deal with one of the leading real estate company in the country.WTI provides a solutions that is focused on improving the companys website through its property finder where users can click on the property markers on the map to view infromation on the property of interest. The information includes basic details, photographs, videos, floor plans, and even 3D models. Finally the new feature provides users the convenience to visualize the distance between multiple points of interest (POI) such as schools, churches, restaurants, leisure places and even PUV terminals to assist in their decision making. These POIs come with information such as distance and travel time to and from a chosen property.(webcast-inc.com.ph, 2013)

The Department of Education (DepEd) has launched the Library Locator Map which primary objective is to help in locating national and local reading centers to encourage reading among school children by making it easy for them to find the books they always wanted. The library locator map is hosted by CartoDB, a web-based map viewing tool. The map can be accessed using the url bit.ly/LibLocatorMap. Currently there are 9,855 public schools with libraries that are registered to DepEd and almost 9000 have been mapped plus there are 188 library hubs in DepEd division offices nationwide. Education Secretary Armin Lusitro said the map would help every child foster love reading by knowing where to locate the reading resources even so every child should have access to books to help them continue reading. (philstar.com, 2014)

2.2. Review of Related Studies2.2.1. Foreign StudiesAccording to Nadu(2010), in his research article states that recovery actions should be taken in time to reduce the loss of life and property. In spite of the reason that the service providers are well equipped, routing problems and traffic congestions breaks their speedy recovery action in real time.Their objective is to develop an efficient GIS based Emergency Response Management and Information System, called ERMIS, for the improvement of emergency recovery through solving the routing problems when a critical situation occurs on Madurai road networks. The ERMIS is software that supports the responders for quick and efficient emergency care during the accidental emergency situation. The system helps for trouble free routing of ambulances and fire vehicles during emergencies. ERMIS is developed under the platform of VB.NET with MapObjects 2.4(MO2.4). ERMIS is designed as GUI which can handle by a user easily to obtain routing or ground truth information of an emergency site.The route finder of ERMIS is a specially designed application to enable the user to make route based decisions easily. Dijsktra algorithm was been implemented so one can easily find out the shortest path from a given location (source) to all other points of interest (destination) in a graph/ map. A sample accident location is assumed approximately 3 Km away from NH Bypass Junction i.e., Kaalavasal Junction. Closest ambulance location from the accident point and closest hospital from the accident is obtained from Route Finder. Route view map and Directions are the outputs of Route Finder. User can have a .JPEG format of map output with labels and a detailed text of route directions. There will be separate maps to show Closest Facility and Shortest Path. These two will assist emergency vehicle driver to solve routing problems. The closest ambulance service is Meenakshi Ambulance. The distance to be traveled between these two is 5.68 Km. The closest hospital is Kennet Hospital. The shortest distance to be traveled to reach the hospital is 5.24 Kms.

Figure 1: Results of Route Finder with Routing Directions

While there was a large amount of route planning software available, the Netherlands is still lacking an online bicycle route planner said by Peter Kampstra. Though some stand alone route planners have the option to plan bicycle routes and some provinces offer their own bicycle route planner, but an online planner covering all of the country is still not available he added. After hearing those words from his adviser Pepping(2009) his interest was awakened. Questioning himself if its possible to implement a bicycle route planner for the entire Netherlands with acceptable response time. So he carry out that challenge to develop a bicycle route planner for the Netherlands. For the implementation of his project. First he chose to use an ASP.Net programming language, specifically C# for the reason that the system will likely need a substantial amount of processing time to calculate a route, the code should be compiled to benefit the speed of the calculations. And in order to facilitate structured design, maintainability and extensibility of the application, an object-oriented language like the C# should be preferred over a non object-oriented language he also chooses this for the reason of availability and previous experience. Secondly an algorithm to use to calculate the route, he chose to use the A* algorithm as the more suitable algorithm over the Dijkstra algorithm. Due to limited amount of time avilable for the project, algorithms that are too complex may not be feasible. A* and dijkstra algorithms are quite similar both algorithms can able to find paths on maps/ graphs. The difference is that A* uses heuristic function, a function that gives a good estimate of how far you are from your goal and thus helping in taking the right decision resulting in minimal time in computing while dirjkstra algorithm searches in all possible directions that takes longer time. And finally a data source that can supply accurate data on the complete road network in the Netherlands is a requirement for the success of the project. Pepping uses openstreetmap.org (openly available online world map) to retrieve such a data source. Additionally the entire street network for the Netherlands (and other countries) can be downloaded as an XML file. This file contains node tags containing latitude and longitude and way tags containing the nodes it covers and several tags to indicate the type of road. In selecting a starting point and destination he uses two methods. Either the user enters an address or let them select a location on a map. Unfortunately both methods have their own issue. On the first method, selecting an address is difficult because road names can be shared between towns. For the second option of letting the user select a location on a map, creates difficulty that the selected location will usually not be exactly on a node. To overcome the problem mentioned, the closest way to the selected location is determined by calculating the distance to all nearby ways. The closest node on that way is selected. For displaying the route there are again two options. Either use text to describe the route, or plot the route on a map.During the course of his project, Pepping implemented successfully a bicycle route planner for the entire Netherlands. The application is called Cycle Route Planner.As per Singh(2012) he noted that modeling large real road network into database format require great amount of preprocessing time, human effort and manual working. So they come up to a new way of modeling and processing of real road network into database format. For the purpose, they have developed a route finder system with the help of web based GIS that helps users to figure out the best way to get where you want to go. The better route is defined over set of obstacles present in the route considered by user during route selection process. The primary objective of Web Based GIS Route Finder System is not only to plan a shortest route between source s and destination t but also to plan an alternative or next available shortest route when an edge breaks or gets congested in s to t with minimized number of re-computations of programs. The system also provide different route finder options like shortest path finder, alternate path finder, facility based path finder, hierarchical path finder, top-k shortest path finder and multimodal path finder with the help of Java programs, PostGIS database and Geoserver.In the study of Bergweiler (2010) he denoted that modern kiosk systems enable intuitive touch and gesture-based interaction and provide users with useful contextual information that normally resides in the system. A growing number of people carry a sensor-rich mobile device with large storage capacities as an interface to their digital life with them. However, interaction capabilities are often restricted by physical device limitations, e.g. small screen sizes. In order to combine best of both worlds, they implemented a service-oriented kiosk system that provides data exchange and access to information services at public places, like museums or hotel lobbies. The basic idea behind their approach is that users can synchronize their mobile devices with the terminal via Wi-Fi and hence extend the small-screen device to large tabletop surface. They developed an Android-based mobile client application that allows the user for managing a shared media folder and exchanging media contents with the Calisto Terminal System (their system). Once connected, references to the contents of the shared folder are synchronized with a graphical representation of the device on the terminal. Hence, the mobile client acts as a virtual media storage that can be accessed by the user from the terminal. This can now allow the user to transfer, e.g. picture of something that he is looking for. By selecting the picture on the mobile client and then performing a Frisbee-throwing 3D gesture towards the terminal, this action puts the user-selected media object on the terminal. If the user found new media contents and information with connection to the picture that he throws to the terminal, he can intuitively drag-and-drop the media objects on the Device Spotlet and as a result, the media object is automatically transferred back to the users mobile device. Users can also interact with the Calisto terminal system via natural language aside from touch- and gesture-base interaction. With the users personal mobile device he can utter speech command combined with optional deictic pointing gestures to media objects on the large terminal screen, e.g., the user throws an image of Brandenburg Gate on the Calisto Terminal then he can now dictate Show me the Brandenburg Gate on the map. Or simply Where is [simultaneous pointing gesture to the picture of the Brandenburg Gate] this?. The mobile client application implements a real-time audio streaming (sending and receiving) capabilities to transfer the utterance. The speech input is sent as RTP packets to a speech recognizer that is connected to the Calisto dialogue system. The sent audio stream is interpreted, the backend processing is initiated and, as a result, the Calisto terminal displays the location of the Brandenburg Gate in the Map Spotlet provided a route how to get to that specific location. At the same time an appropriate auditory response Showing the Brandenburg Gate on the map is sent back to the respective mobile client.Speech Recognition is also an exceptional tool for people with disabilities. According to study of Manasse(2013) in her article entitled "Speech Recognition", have shown the four main areas of interest that had received attention by professionals working with individuals with disabilities. These are : (1) Speech recognition use by the physically disabled ; (2) Speech recognition use by people with dysarthria; (3) Speech Recognition for Drill Practice; and (4) Speech Recognition and Learning Disabled Students.Speech recognition systems were first used by severely disabled individuals with normal speech. The goal was to promote independence whereby SR was used to convert human speech signals into effective actions. Frequently, speech is the only remaining means of communication left for these individuals. The first voice activated wheelchair with an environmental control unit (ECU) was developed in the late 1970s at Rehabilitation Medicine in New York (Youdin, et al.). The user could operate multiple items including the telephone, radio, fans, curtains, intercom, page-turner and more. A group of individuals with cerebral palsy rated the wheelchair as superior to breath control systems because it eliminated the need for scanning, allowing the user quicker access by directly selecting the desired function with voice.

2.2.2 Local StudiesUniversity of the East Caloocan is wide area campus that has different buildings with lots of different rooms and offices making it quite complicated in locating a specific room or office. While the university continues to grow it is still lacking a system that can give visitors a hand in making their visit in the university more smoothly. The university provides a paper map and/ or printed floor plans but this kind of maps is not reliable enough for the reason that it only provides one way communication and they cannot interact with it. Thus Victoriano(2013) developed an application that can guide users to their desired location. Visitors can interact with the developed system making it more convenient and understandable on how to get easily to the point of interest. The project can show the users the whole map of the University of the East Caloocan campus provided the route to take in making their way to a specific room or office.Barros(2012) concludes that most visitors and some students is having a hard time looking for a professor and at the same time where to look for them. Having this problem in hand implementing of a route directory system is essential toward improvement and solving problems with regards in finding faculty members and facility locations. The implementation of a route directory system can minimize this difficulties.The main objective of the project is to develop a 2D floor plan for the College of Engineering Building. It will be used for the navigation of direction with the help of flash based animation. The system has five (5) modules: Locator module - The system provides an interface where the user can type name of the faculty. Automatically the system will search for the location of the faculty and a 2D floor plan will be presented, tracing the path going to the said location or room. This module is based on the schedules of the professors. Faculty module - Secured with username and password for each professor to update in their own status if possible. Professors need to scan their ID to log-in. Chairman module - Controlled by the Department Chair where all information are available. Chairman has the ability to manage and update the status of the professor if necessary. It can also update professors schedule. Checker module. This module can update the status of the professors, if they are unavailable and are not present in their designated class. Checker module can also update the room transfers of the faculty. Administrator module. Admin module can have all the access to all the accounts in the system. It manages user accounts, room information and user logs as well. The admin module can also add department if it is necessary. This module has also in control on the restoration and back-up of the database and pc shuffling.The system was developed using visual basic 2008 as the programming language, and MySQL as its database tool. The system is deployed by placing computer in every floor of College of Engineering Building.

2.3 SynthesisPepping (2009) asserted that substantial amount of processing time to calculate a route is needed. So the code should be compiled to benefit the speed of the calculations and in order to facilitate structure design, maintainability and extensibility of the application, he prefers to use an object-oriented language specifically C#. He also stated that using of much simpler route algorithm over a complex algorithm must be applied for the reason that the given time frame is limited. Nadu (2010) stated that Optimum utilization of the time after an accident is golden hour serves as a measure of effectivenes of any emergency response service provider system. Because of that he developed an efficient GIS based Emergency Response Management and Information System thats improved the emergency recovery through solving the routing problems when a critical situation occurs on Madurai road networks. The system acts as a dispatch that will call the nearest possible ambulance where the incident happens and will be informed what is the nearest hospital to head on with provided route map for fast mobility. Manasse (2013) specified that Speech Recognition (SR) is also an exceptional tool for people with disabilities. The four main areas of interest that had received attention by professionals working with individuals with disabilities are: (1) Speech recognition use by the physically disabled; (2) Speech recognition use by people with dysarthria; (3) Speech Recognition for Drill Practice; and (4) Speech Recognition and Learning Disabled Students.In comparison, Nadu (2010) and Pepping (2010) both uses an object-oriented programming for the reason of providing a good framework for code libraries where supplied software components can be easily adopted and modified by the programmer. This is particularly useful for developing graphical user interfaces. In contrast Pepping (2010) prefer to use the A* algorithm because it uses a heuristic function, a function that provides a good estimate of how far you are from your goal and thus helps in taking the right decision in giving the route direction while Nadu (2010) uses the more complicated dijkstra algorithm that searches in all possible directions resulting in a more longer time execution.The proponents will adopt the study of Nadu (2010) to develop a rout finder system which gives users the shortest possible route to arrive at desired location inside the campus. They will use Visual Basic.net in developing the system. An object-oriented programming language like Nadu used. The reason in choosing the programming language to use is because of its simplicity and also the experience in using the language. The A* will be used with regards to algorithm for the reason that the time is limited in developing the system and it is the simplest possible algorithm to use. The idea that speech recognition helps people with disabilities is considered in integrating a speech recognition feature in the proposed system. With the help of the gathered informations the proponents can be able to develop a route finder system for Martinez Institute of Basic Education.

2.4 Theoretical Framework of the Study

Figure 2: Theoretical Framework of the existing systemThe paradigm shows the flow of the system. It first needs two inputs, a starting point and an end point. The system then validate if the given inputs. For invalid input/s the system will prompt the user to give a valid coordinates. Upon checking, the system will automatically start to generate the possible paths available from starting point down to the end point. 2.5 Conceptual Framework of the StudyThis section shows the framework that defines the ideas and concepts of the study and the relationships existing within. This includes 3 stages of the conceptual framework of the proposed system that would serve as pattern for the proponents during the system development.

Figure 3: Conceptual Framework of the Proposed SystemThe paradigm shows how the proposed system works and the developments made to the existing system. Existing systems lacks speech recognition feature. It only has a typing feature from which you need to key in the place where you want to go. The proponents proposed an improved version with the integration of speech recognition feature to ease difficulty and provide comfort. The input is composed of required elements that are needed throughout the development of the system. This includes Graphical User Interface Designing which is needed for creating the appearance of displays on screen, Object-oriented Programming Concepts, and Speech Recognition Concepts to be used for converting speech to text. 2.6 Definition of TermsFor a better understanding of the different terminologies used in the study, the proponents had provided operational and conceptual definitions. The following are used in the context of this study: 3D models - is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object (either inanimate or living) via specialized software. Algorithm - In computer programming, algorithms are often created asfunctions. These functions serve as small programs that can be referenced by a largerprogram. anoto - A digital pen and paper technology from the Anoto Group AB, Lund, Sweden (www.anoto.com). It uses regular paper imprinted with a dot grid that is almost invisible. The dot grid is coded so that when traced with an Anoto-enabled pen, which also discharges ink like any ballpoint pen, the pen's built-in camera detects the unique dot pattern and records the handwriting or drawing. Via wireless or USB, the pen transmits either ASCII text or images to a receiving device. autonomous self-governing; independent; subject to its own laws only Danish - The North Germanic language of the Danes. data structure - a specialized formatfor organizing and storing data. Database - a usually large collection of data organized especially for rapid search and retrieval (as by a computer) DepEd - The Department of Education (abbreviated asDepEd; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Edukasyon) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and improving the quality of basic education. dysarthria - Speech that is characteristically slurred, slow, and difficult to understand. A person with dysarthria may also have problems controlling the pitch, loudness, rhythm, and voice qualities of his or her speech. Dysarthria is caused by paralysis, weakness, or inability to coordinate the muscles of the mouth. Dysarthria can occur as a developmental disability. It may be a sign of a neuromuscular disorder such ascerebral palsyor Parkinson's disease. It may also be caused by astroke, brain injury, or braintumor. Treatment of dysarthria includes intensive speech therapy with a focus on oral-motor skill development. Euclidian distance - (geometry)Thedistancebetween twopointsdefined as thesquare root of thesumof thesquaresof thedifferencesbetween the corresponding coordinatesof the points extensibility - In software engineering,extensibility(not to be confused with forward compatibility) is a system design principle where the implementation takes future growth into consideration. It is a systemic measure of the ability to extend a system and the level of effort required to implement the extension. Feasible - capableof being done or carried out GPS - is a space-basedsatellite navigationsystem that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. Graphical User Interface (GUI) - An interface for issuing commands to a computer utilizing a pointing device, such as a mouse, that manipulates and activates graphical images on a monitor. heuristic function - is a function that gives you a good estimate of how far you are from your goal and thus helps you in taking the right decision. Innovation - the act or process of introducing new ideas, devices, or methods Intelligent Transport System (ITS) - can bedefinedas the application of advanced information and communications technology to surfacetransportationin order to achieve enhanced safety and mobility while reducing the environmental impact oftransportation Keyword - Awordthatservesasakeytoacodeorcipher. location-based services (LBS) - general class of computer program-level services that use location data to control features. mapping - The definition of mapping is making a map or a matching process where the points of one set are matched against the points of another set. (An example of mapping is creating a map to get to your house). navigate - plan and direct the route or course of a ship, aircraft, or other form of transportation, especially by using instruments or maps. paradigm - a typical example or pattern of something; a model. penetrate - succeed in forcing a way into or through (a thing). prodigious - remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree. Proponent - a person who advocates a theory, proposal, or project. QR Code or Quick Response Code - A two-dimensional barcode widely used for many purposes. When scanned with a mobile tagging app in a smartphone, it can cause a Web page to download with information about a product, local event or just about anything. renowned - known and admired by many people for some special quality or achievement revamping - giving new and improved form, structure, or appearance to route - a way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination. software - the programs and other operating information used by a computer. speech recognition - is the process of capturing spoken words using a microphone or telephone and converting them into a digitally stored set of words. The quality of a speech recognition systems are assessed according to two factors: its accuracy (error rate in converting spoken words to digital data) and speed (how well the software can keep up with a human speaker). substantial - of considerable importance, size, or worth. technologically challenged - term used by technicians most especially those working on a call center referring to a computer user that is really dumb, slow learner and does not even know what is the difference between the left and right click of mouse or even the spacebar of the keyboard. thematic routes - interconnected routes topographic maps - In modern mapping, a topographic map is a type of map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief, using contour lines but, historically, using a variety of methods. Traditional definitions require a topographic map to show both natural and man-made features. utilization to put to use, especially to make profitable or effective use of vicinity - the area near or surrounding a particular place. voice recognition - analyzing the features of speech that differ between individuals. Everyone has a unique pattern of speech stemming from their anatomy (the size and shape of the mouth and throat) and behavioral patterns (their voices pitch, their speaking style, accent, and so on). Voyager - a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter details out the research methodology for the present study, which is a route finder system with speech recognition feature. It explains the research objectives and a suitable methodology to achieve those objectives. It is required in order to have a clear and deeper understanding on how the system will be develop. Furthermore, this chapter will be dedicated to the description of the methods and procedures to be done in order to obtain the data, how they will be analyzed, interpreted, and how the conclusion will be met. This section is to justify the means in which the study was obtained and will help in giving it purpose and strength as it will then be truthful and analytical. All these will help in the processing of the data and the formulation of conclusions.Specifically, this research will cover the following: the research design and method, the respondents or subjects to be studied (which will include the sampling method), the data collection instruments, preparation of the instrument, retrieval of the instrument, software process model used in developing the system, statistical treatment, and specification.

3.1. Research Design The research design refers to the overall strategy that the proponents chose to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring that it will effectively address the research problem. It constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data. Choosing the appropriate type of research design from the different types of research methods can be difficult. There are so many factors to take into consideration and evaluate. The research question, ethics, budget and time are all major considerations in any design. The proponents chose the type of method that will best suit the development, improvement, and implementation of the system, while also providing a better presentation of the proposed study.

A descriptive study is one in which information is collected without changing the environment (i.e., nothing is manipulated). Sometimes these are referred to as correlational or observational studies. The Office of Human Research Protections (OHRP) defines a descriptive study as Any study that is not truly experimental. In human research, a descriptive study can provide information about the naturally occurring health status, behavior, attitudes or other characteristics of a particular group. Descriptive studies are also conducted to demonstrate associations or relationships between things in the world around you.Descriptive studies can involve a one-time interaction with groups of people (cross-sectional study) or a study might follow individuals over time (longitudinal study). Descriptive studies, in which the researcher interacts with the participant, may involve surveys or interviews to collect the necessary information. Descriptive studies in which the researcher does not interact with the participant include observational studies of people in an environment and studies involving data collection using existing records (e.g., medical record review).It is also usually the best method for collecting information that will demonstrate relationships and describe the world as it exists. These types of studies are often done before an experiment to know what specific things to manipulate and include in an experiment. Bickman and Rog (1998) suggest that descriptive studies can answer questions such as what is or what was. Experiments can typically answer why or how.This method involves careful classifications of processes and measurable data that affect a certain phenomenon. In this study, this method is used to investigate and observe the processes, design layout, and data included on similar systems currently available in the market. This involves careful analysis, recording and presentation of such similar systems. With this, they will be able to know which aspects of these route finder systems are to be manipulated, removed and enhanced in order to create an all-new route finder application.

3.2. Respondents of the Study To evaluate the route finder system that will be produced, the proponents will gather 30 respondents wherein they are chosen in each of the 6 different classifications. These respondents will be the 5 freshmen, 5 sophomores, 5 juniors and 5 senior students of Martinez Institute of Basic Education. 5 Visitors and 5 old employees will also be included in gathering of respondents.

3.3. Data Gathering InstrumentsEssentially, the proponents must ensure that the instrument chosen is valid and reliable. The validity and reliability of any research project depends to a large extent on the appropriateness of the instruments. Whatever procedure one uses to collect data, it must be critically examined to check the extent to which it is likely to the expected results. The data collection instruments that will be using by the proponents in the proposed study are Questionnaire and Observation.

QuestionnaireThis is a data collection instrument that is a systematically prepared form or document with a set of questions deliberately designed to elicit responses from respondents or research informants for the purpose of collecting data or information. It is a form of inquiry document, which contains a systematically compiled and well organized series of questions intended to elicit the information which will provide insight into the nature of the problem under study. It contains a set of questions on a topic or group of topics designed to be answered by the respondent, which are the population samples of the study. The answers provided by the respondents constitute the data for the research.Through the use of questionnaire, the proponents will be able to collect all the necessary information prior to the development of the system. The questions answered by the respondents will allow the proponents to have a distinctive overview about the route finder system and on how the end-users will look and evaluate the proposed project. It will also help the proponents to initiate the required plans and actions and will also help in determining the issues and problems encountered in the existing system that led to the development of the proposed system. Questionnaires are more organized, having a predefined set of questions but does not allow follow-up inquiries due to the fixed number of questions presented on the paper.

ObservationThe study of photographs, videotapes, tape recordings, art objects, computer software and films fall within this type of data collection procedure. The procedure should be unobtrusive to enable informants to share their reality directly with researchers. It is creative and captures attention visually. Observation is one of the very important methods for obtaining comprehensive data in qualitative research especially when a composite of both oral and visual data become vital to the research. A proponent obviously needs an audio-visual recorder for a complete collection of such comprehensive record. By the use of observation strategy, researchers are able to obtain first-hand information about objects, and eventful happenings like festivals and other related events. The possibility of distorting facts and records are reduced to the barest minimum.Through the use of observation, the proponents will be able to understand the different issues and problems pertaining to the existing system. It will also help the proponents to critically examine and analyze the proposed system and find solutions pertaining to the existing system, as well as the development of the proposed study which will give the solutions to those problems.

Evaluation FormThe proponents made a set of criteria and ratings answered by the thirty (30) respondents to be used in gathering the data that helped in determining the technical and operational feasibility of the software.

3.4. Preparation of the Instrument The proponents will conduct a set of questionnaires that will be answered by the respondents being specified in the study. Evaluation forms will be given to the respondents after the proposed system has been developed.

3.5. Retrieval of the Instrument Retrieval of the Instruments will be conducted after the questionnaires have been answered in the same manner to the Evaluation forms given to the respondents after the development of the proposed system.

3.6. Method Used in Developing the SystemTo address on the needed developments on route finder systems containing similar system processes, the proponents ought to create a new and improved route finder system.

Figure 3: Scrum Agile Development ModelScrumis an iterative and incrementalagile software developmentframework for managing product development. It defines "a flexible,holisticproduct development strategy where a development team works as a unit to reach a common goal", challenges assumptions of the "traditional, sequential approach" to product development, and enables teams to self-organize by encouraging physical co-location or close online collaboration of all team members, as well as daily face-to-face communication among all team members and disciplines in the project.A key principle of Scrum is its recognition that during a project the customers can change their minds about what they want and need (often called "requirements churn"), and that unpredicted challenges cannot be easily addressed in a traditional predictive or planned manner. As such, Scrum adopts anempiricalapproachaccepting that the problem cannot be fully understood or defined, focusing instead on maximizing the team's ability to deliver quickly and respond to emerging requirements. In using scrum agile methodology all of the product features, bug fixes, and non-functional requirements is being listed down on product backlog. This product backlog is being organized according to level of priority. Planning is being made on what feature to be included on a specific release of the product. This product backlog is broken down into smaller iterations commonly called as sprints. For the first release of a sprint though the system is not yet completed the clients can already view functional software. Each release of a sprint gives an additional functionality to the system. Since scrum methodology prioritizes the quality and functionality of each release thus the amount of bugs and reworks are reduced.

3.7. Statistical Treatment Statistical treatment of data is essential in order to make use of the data in the right form. Raw data collection is only one aspect of any experiment; the organization of data is equally important so that appropriate conclusions can be drawn. This is what statistical treatment of data is all about.Frequency distribution and weighted mean are the primary statistical treatment to be used by the proponents to analyze and interpret the survey results of the proposed system. The mean scores obtained along the different areas will be analyzed using the following five-point scale of equivalents:

Table 1: Five-Point Scale SystemScoresVerbal Interpretation

5.00 4.20Strongly Agree

4.19 3.40Agree

3.39 2.60Neutral

2.59 1.80Disagree

1.79 1.00Strongly Disagree

The mean scores ranging from 2.60-5.00 indicate a high level of perception of the respondents to the proposed route finder system with speech recognition feature. On the other hand, mean scores ranging from 1.00-2.59 indicate a low level of perception to the proposed project.Weighted Mean is the average wherein every quantity to be averages has a corresponding weight. These weights represent the significance of each quantity to the average. Weighted mean was used to measure the general response of the survey questionnaire samples, whether they agree to a given statement or not. Statistically, the weighted mean is calculated as is follows:

Where, WM = weighted mean f = frequency of score x = raw score N = total number of respondents

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A field guide to source on, about and on the Internet: DAVAO CITY Central 911 Bus Ambulance (2013). Retrieved from http://biyahedavao.blogspot.com/2013/09/davao-city-central-911-bus-ambulance.html

A field guide to sources on, about and on the Internet: Kiosk helps visitor find plants (2011). Retrieved from http://www.scottarboretum.org/news/Kiosk2.html

A field guide to sources on, about and on the Internet: Library locator map to encourage reading (2013). Retrieved from http://www.philstar.com/good-news/2014/06/30/1340512/library- locator-map-encourage-reading

A field guide to sources on, about and on the Internet: Mall Store directory at the touch of a screen (2008). Retrieved from http://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/188/27888.html

A field guide to sources on, about and on the Internet: New USGS Map Locator and Downloader Delivers Topo Maps Online (2007). Retrieved from http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=1718#.VM8rX9XF-WY

Akhilesh S. & Pankaj S. (May, 2012). An approach for web based GIS Route finder system. Retrieved from http://www.ijarcsse.com/docs/papers/May2012/Volum2_issue5/V2I500425A.pdfBergweiler, S., Deru, M.& Porta, Daniel (November 10,2010) Integrating a Multitouch Kiosk System with Mobile Devices and Multimodal Interaction. Retrieved from http://www.dfki.de/its2010/papers/pdf/po162.pdf

Cruz, L., Dumagan, J., Latorre, J., & Tolentino, R (2011). UEMED KIOSK. Philippines: University of the East Caloocan

Evangelista, S., Mdiola, H., Mercado, R., & Nepumoceno, M. (March, 2011) University of the East Engineering Building Directory. Philippines: University of the East Caloocan

Haunstrup, B (2010). Cycle Copenhagen Route Planner. Retrieved from http://www.copenhagenize.com/2010/08/bike-route-planner-copenhagen-style.html

Manasse, N (2013). Speech Recognition. Retrieved from http://aac.unl.edu/csl/recogniz.htm

Nadu, B. & Ganeshkumar, R.(2010). Emergency Response Management and Information System (ERMIS). Retrieved from http://ipublishing.co.in/jggsvol1no12010/EIJGGS1001.pdf

Pepping, W. (April 2009). Developing an online bicycle route planner for .the Netherlands. Retrieved from http://www.copenhagenize.com/2010/08/bike-route-planner-copenhagen-style.html

Shields, R (2014). SAMMC Installs Interactive Kiosk to help visitors find their way. Retrieved from http://www.army.mil/article/120835/SAMMC_installs_Interactive_Kiosks_to_help_visitors_find_their_way/

Victoriano, V., Tropia, J., Banadera, L. & Barra, R. (October 17,2013). UE Caloocan Map Locator.Philippines: University of the East Caloocan

WTI Marketing(2013). Residential Companies Starting to Incorporate a Google Geo Solution by Revamping their Property Finders. Rerieved from http://www.webcast-inc.com.ph/residential-companies-starting-incorporate-google-geo-solution-revamping-property-finders/