THE MARS MISSION OF INDIA

CONTENTS

Introduction Features Objectives About the launch vehicle Space craft Payload Telemetry and command Events

INTRODUCTION

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan "Mars-craft" is a Mars orbiter launched into Earth orbit on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). 

It was successfully inserted into orbit of Mars on 24 September 2014, making India the first country in the world to successfully send a spacecraft to Mars on its very first attempt.

The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR), Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicl (PSLV) rocket C25 at 14:38 IST on 5 November 2013.

 The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven altitude-raising orbital manoeuvres before trans-Mars injection on 30 November 2013.

FEATURES

It is India's first interplanetary mission. ISRO has become the fourth space agency to

reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency.

cost $73 Million (Rs.450 crores). Weight 1.35 tonnes. Self Diagnostic System that keeps Space

Craft Healthy .

OBJECTIVES

The primary objective is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission, comprising the following major tasks:

deep-space communication, navigation, mission planning and management;

incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.

The secondary objective is to explore Mars' surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere using indigenous scientific instruments.

ABOUT THE LAUNCH VEHICLE

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, usually known by its abbreviation PSLV is the first operational launch vehicle of ISRO.

The reliability rate of PSLV has been superb.

SPACE CRAFT

MassThe lift-off mass was 1,350 kg, including 852 kg of propellant.

DimensionsCuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 

PowerElectric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m each, for a maximum of 840 W generation in Martian orbit. Electricity is stored in a 36 Ah Li-ion battery.

PropulsionLiquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for orbit raising and insertion in Martian orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22 N thrusters for attitude control or orientation.

CommunicationsThe antenna array consists of a low-gain antenna, a medium-gain antenna and a high-gain antenna. The High-gain antenna system is used to transmit and receive the telemetry, tracking, commanding and data to and from the Indian Deep Space Network.

A Solar panels, B Propellant tanks, C Average antenna gain, D Large antenna gain, E Camera MCC, F Photometer Lyman Alpha LAP,  G Mass spectrometer MENCA, H Low gain antenna.

PAYLOAD

The 15 kg scientific payload consists of five instruments:

Lyman-Alpha Photometer (LAP)Study of Escape processes of Martian

upper atmosphere through Deuterium/Hydrogen

Methane Sensor For Mars (MSM) Detection of Methane presence

Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyzer (MENCA)

Study of the neutral composition of Martian upper atmosphere

Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS) Map surface composition and mineralogy

Mars Colour Camera (MCC) Optical imaging

TELEMETRY AND COMMAND The Indian Space Research Organisation

Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network performed navigation and tracking operations for the launch with ground stations at Sriharikota, Port Blair, Brunei and Biak in Indonesia, and after the spacecraft's apogee became more than 100,000 km, two large 18-metre and 32-metre diameter antennas of the Indian Deep Space Network was utilised. 

NASA's Deep Space Network is providing position data during the non-visible period of ISRO's network.

 The South African National Space Agency's ground station is also providing satellite tracking, telemetry and command services.[

The mission consist of the following three phases1.Geo Centric Phase

2.Helio Centric Phase

3.Martian Phase

EVENTS OCCURRED

ISRO's PSLV-XL placed the satellite in Earth orbit at 03:20 IST, on 5 November 2013.

On 01 December 2013 at 00:49 IST, a 23-minute engine firing initiated the transfer of MOM away from Earth orbit and on heliocentric trajectory toward Mars.

The plan was for insertion into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014, approximately 2 days after the arrival of NASA's MAVEN orbiter

ON 24 SEPTEMBER 2014, THE SPACECRAFT

Presentation byA.VINOD KUMAR REDDYROLL NO:11011A0247

IV B.TECH EEE(REG)

JNTUH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING HYDERABAD