Mark Wilson Infrastructure Architect/Technology lead for Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V, Fujitsu...
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Transcript of Mark Wilson Infrastructure Architect/Technology lead for Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V, Fujitsu...
Welcome! Community Launch 2008
Mark WilsonInfrastructure Architect/Technology lead for Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V, Fujitsu [email protected]://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/
{ }
A community for everyone who is interested in Microsoft's Windows Server technologies - especially Windows Server 2008Formed in 2007 – just getting startedHave run a few events – more to comeFind out more (join us!) at http://winserverteam.org.uk/
Introduction to Hyper-V
Microsoft’s virtualisation platform{for the Enterprise}
Agenda
What is virtualization virtualisation?Hyper-V architectureInstallation of Hyper-VManagement of Hyper-V
Questions? (and hopefully some answers!)
Stop Press
!
Whilst I was writing this presentation, Microsoft made a Hyper-V release candidate (RC) available. As a consequence, the contents of this presentation are based on the beta release – there may be some variations for RC (and RTM) releases.
Demo environment
UK090922LTFujitsu-Siemens S7210Intel Core 2 Duo T7500 (2.2GHz)4GB RAM
(joined to my organisation’s Active Directory)
Full installation (x64)
UK090922VM3Server core installation (x64)
UK090922VM232-bit legacy installation
What is virtualisation?
The technologies {and the opportunity}
What is virtualisation?“Virtualization essentially lets one computer do the job of multiple computers, by sharing the resources of a single computer across multiple environments.
[…]
In essence, virtualization lets you transform hardware into software. Use software […] to transform or “virtualize” the hardware resources of an x86-based computer – including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller – to create a fully functional virtual machine that can run its own operating system and applications just like a “real” computer.
Multiple virtual machines share hardware resources without interfering with each other so that you can safely run several operating systems and applications at the same time on a single computer”
[Source: VMware website, March 2008]
Virtualisation benefits
Server consolidation
Business Continuity Flexibility
Utilisation
Virtualisation market
Non-virtu-alized serve
rs; Sales;
93; 93.00
%
VMware;
Sales; 4.9; 4.90%
Microsoft;
Sales; 1.75; 1.75%
Other;
Sales; 0.35; 0.35%
World WideVirtualisation
AdoptionNon-virtual-ized servers
VMware
Microsoft
Other
Computerworld
“Although virtualization has been the buzz among technology providers, only 6% of enterprises have actually deployed virtualization on their networks, said Levine, citing a TWP Research report. That makes the other 94% a wide-open market.”
The Rise of the Virtual Machine and the Real Impact It Will Have
“We calculate that roughly 6% of new servers sold last year were virtualized and project that 7% of those sold this year will be virtualized and believe that less than 4% of the X86 server installed base has been virtualized to date.
Pat Gelsinger, Intel VP Sept. 2007
“Only 5% of servers are virtualized.”
Virtualisation 2010
Non-Vir-tu-
alised
servers; Sale
s; 83; 83.00%
Vir-tu-
alised
servers; Sale
s; 17; 17.00%
World WideVirtualisation
Adoption
Non-Vir-tualised servers
Virtualised servers
Information Week Oct. 2007
“The [virtualisation field] is nowhere near saturated. IDC estimates that only 17% of the worldwide server market will be virtualised by 2010, up from 5% in 2005.”
Why <10% virtualisation?
CostComplexityManagementVirtual sprawlSingle point of failureIntegration with physical infrastructureSoftware licensing and supportHardwarePerformancePoliticalSecurity Concerns
The Microsoft view of a virtualised infrastructure
Management
Server Virtualisation
Desktop Virtualisation
ApplicationVirtualisation
PresentationVirtualisation
Hyper-V Architecture
Scalable, performant {and secure}
Hyper-V
Hypervisor-based virtualisation platformx64 - not x86
Role for Windows Server 2008 (full or server core)
Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter EditionsSKUs available with and without Hyper-V
Standalone product:Microsoft Hyper-V Server
Standards basedHardware requirements:
Hardware assisted virtualisation (AMD-V or Intel VT)Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP):
AMD NX (No eXecute bit)Intel XD (eXecute Disable)
VMM arrangements
Hosted virtualisation
VMware Workstation, VMware (GSX) Server, Fusion.Parallels Desktop(Linux) KVMMicrosoft Virtual PC, Virtual Server
Hypervisor virtualisation
VMware ESX (Server), ESXi (3i)XenHyper-V
VMM
Guest 1 Guest 2
Host OSVMM
Guest 1 Guest 2
HardwareHardware
Virtualisation requirements
SchedulerMemory managementVM State machineStorage stackNetwork stackVirtualised devicesBinary translationDriversManagement API
Windows Server 2008
VSPWindows Kernel
Hyper-V architecture
Applications
Applications
Applications
Non-hypervisor Aware OS
Windows Server
2003/2008
Windows Kernel VSC
VMBusEmulatio
n
“Designed for Windows Server” Hardware
Hyper-V
Xen-enabled Linux Kernel
Linux VSC
Hypercall Adapter
Parent Partition
Child Partitions
VM Service
WMI Provider
VM Worker
Processes
Operating System
ISV/IHV/OEM
Hyper-V
Microsoft/Citrix (XenSource)
User Mode
Kernel Mode
Provided by:
Ring -1
IHV Driver
s
VMBus
VMBus
Hyper-V features
32-bit (x86) and 64-bit (x64) virtual machines
Large memory support (>32 GB) within VMs
SMP VMs
Integrated cluster support for quick migration and HA
Volume shadow service integration for data protection
Pass-through disk access for VMs
Virtual machine snapshots
New hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus)
Robust networking: VLANs and NLB
DMTF standard for WMI management interface
Support for full or server core installations
Security assumptions
All child partitions are untrustedRoot must be trusted by hypervisor; parent must be trusted by childrenCode in guests can run in all available processor modes, rings, and segmentsHypercall interface will be well documented and widely available to attackersAll hypercalls can be attempted by guestsIt is possible to detect that you are running on a hypervisorThe internal design of the hypervisor will be well understood
Isolation
No sharing of virtualized devicesSeparate VMBus to the parent for each child partitionNo sharing of memoryEach virtual machine has its own address spaceVMs cannot communicate with each other, except through traditional networkingGuests can’t perform DMA attacks because they’re never mapped to physical devicesGuests cannot write to the hypervisorEven the parent partition cannot write to the hypervisor
Hyper-V high availability
Providing solutions for both planned and unplanned downtimePlanned downtime
Quickly move virtualized workloads to service underlying hardware – “quick migration”More common than unplanned
Unplanned downtimeAutomatic failover to other nodes (hardware or power failure) – “live migration”Not as common and more difficult
Quick migrationFundamentals
1. Save state• Save entire VM state
2. Move virtual machine• Move storage
connectivity from origin to destination host
3. Restore state and run• Restore VM and run• Done
VHDs
Network Connectivity
SAN Storage
Installation
One more role {on Windows Server 2008}
Hyper-V installation
Windows Server 2008{full installation}
Video
Hyper-V installation
Windows Server 2008{server core installation}
Video
Management
{virtual} Reality
Virtual reality
If you start with a physical mess and virtualise it, you will end up with a virtual mess
Management is vitalTechnology, people and process
Taming the virtual world:InventoryProvisioningLifecycleCapacityMetadata
Hyper-V Management
Hyper-V Manager
Demonstration
Hyper-V Management
WMI and PowerShell
Demonstration
A centralized management application solution for the virtual data center
VMVMVMVMVMVMVMVMVMVM
VM VMVMVMVMVMVMVM
VMVM VMVMVM
VM
Maximize Resources• Centralized virtual machine deployment and management• Intelligent placement of virtual machines• Fast and reliable Physical to Virtual (P2V) and Virtual to Virtual
(V2V) conversion• Comprehensive service-level enterprise monitoring with
Microsoft® Operations Manager
Increase Agility• Rapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templates
and profiles• Centralized library of infrastructure components• Take advantage and extend existing storage infrastructure• Allow for delegated management of virtual machines
Take Advantage of Skills• Familiar interface, common foundation • Monitor physical and virtual machines from one console • Fully scriptable using Windows PowerShell™
SCVMM console
Live Thumbnail
Host Groups
Centralized Library
Virtual Machine
Views
Context-Sensitive Actions
DelegatedControl
Roadmap
Release candidate 0 available now, along with management tools for Vista SP1Final version within 180 days of Windows Server 2008 RTM date
vNext beta with Hyper-V support available nowDue to ship later this yearIncludes support for managing VMware ESX
SCVMM “vNext” architecture
Operations Manager Server
Virtual Machine Manager
Server
ConnectorWindows
PowerShell
Self Service Web Portal
Administrator’s Console
Virtual Center Server
VM VM VM VM
Management Interfaces
SAN Storage
VM
VM
VMM Library Server
VM Template
ISO ScriptVHD
Operator’s Console
Web Consol
e
Windows PowerShe
ll
VMware VI3
ESX HostVM VM VM VM
VM VM VM VM
VM
VM
Virtualisation takeaways
Hyper-V:Microsoft’s new enterprise virtualisation platformWould you rather have 100% of VMware Virtual Infrastructure’s features (at a price), or 90% of the functionality (for much less)?There are some good built-in management tools, but SCVMM completes the picture (and is useful for multi-server deployments).
In general:When many machines are consolidated, clustering becomes criticalPromote standardisation by providing a library of pre-built VMsUse desired configuration management processes to trap and correct driftRemember that VMs still need to be patched, even when they are turned offBe prepared for support arrangements and license management to become more complex
ResourcesMicrosoft virtualisation website: http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization/Hyper-V featured resources: http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx How to install Hyper-V: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv-install.aspx VHD specification: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/techinfo/vhdspec.mspxHyper-V WMI APIs: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspxHypercall API: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=91E2E518-C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en
More resourcesWindows Server Team UK: http://winserverteam.org.uk/ My sites:
markwilson.it (my blog): http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/ “Virtual Reality” article: http://uk.fujitsu.com/POV/articles/2008/virtualisation/
Some good virtualisation blogs:Windows virtualisation team: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/ Rakesh M (SCVMM): http://blogs.technet.com/rakeshm/ John Howard: http://blogs.technet.com/jhoward/Ben Armstrong: http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/ Clive Watson: http://blogs.technet.com/clive_watson/ Justin Zarb: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualworld/ Andrew Dugdell: http://blog.windowsvirtualization.com/ Virtualization.info: http://www.virtualization.info/
Not just virtualisation:James O’Neill: http://blogs.technet.com/jamesone/ Steve Lamb: http://blogs.technet.com/steve_lamb/
This slidedeck:http://cid-1453622c71a8a08e.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/Public
To find out more about Fujitsu and Microsoft’s industrialisation initiative – Accelerated Microsoft – visit http://uk.fujitsu.com/microsoft/
CThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence.
For further details, please visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/
cbn
© 2008, Mark Wilson.Some rights reserved.