MARITIME OPERATION

LOB-10103

L01-T02

GROUP 4

LECTURER: SIR AMAYROL

INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL MARITIME MARITIME ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION

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NAME ID NUMBER

1. AMMAR ASRAF BIN JEFRI DIN 56212116073

2. MOHD RIDZUWAN BIN ABDUL RAHMAN 56212116093

3. MUHAMMAD FAISAL BIN MOHD ALUEI 56212116018

4. MUHAMMAD FIRDHAUS BIN MUHD SAKAFF 56212116072

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• The International Maritime Organization (IMO), is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping.

• Maintains balance between protection of the environment and navigation rights

• ‘Safe, secure and efficient shipping on clean oceans’

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• Its main role is to create a regulatory framework for the shipping industry that is fair and effective, universally adopted and universally implemented.

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London, United Kingdom

• In 1948 an international conference in Geneva adopted a convention formally establishing IMO or previously IMCO.

• The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 and the new Organization met for the first time the following year.

• IMO's first task was to adopt a new version of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) in 1960.

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• 171 Members• All major ship owning nations• All major port & coastal states

• Industry Peak bodies

• IGOs and NGOs• Malaysia join on 1971 and become council member on

2005

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• Develops global regulations - maintain safety and

security of international shipping and to prevent marine pollution from ships

• Involved in creating liability and compensation regimes

• Adopts instruments (legislation) and guidelines at the intergovernmental level

• Member Governments are responsible for implementing and enforcing the adopted regulatory framework.

• Conventions or Protocols• Amendments to Conventions or Protocols• Resolutions, Codes, Guidelines, Recommendations,

etc.• 60 legal instruments that guide the regulatory

development of its member states.• The phases from adoption to implementation and

enforcement:– Adoption, after discussion in IMO– Entry into force internationally– Implementation (by flag States)– Enforcement (by port and coastal States)

• Assembly• Council

Committees• Maritime Safety• Marine Environment Protection • Legal• Technical Cooperation• Facilitation

• Maritime Safety Committee– Safety pre-eminent

importance• Navigation

• Marine Environment Protection Committee– Focus pollution prevention and reposnse– Biological concerns with aquatic nuisancespecies transferred through ballast water and biofouling– Individual animal issues

• Ship strikes of right whales

• The Legal Committee - legal matters within the IMO's scope- international treaty instruments.

• The Technical Cooperation Committee- Guidelines and assistance to developing countries in maritime transport - monitor the program

• The Facilitation Committee- facilitating international maritime traffic through simplifying international documentation required of ships.

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Every 2 years

Every 6 month

• Mr.Kitack Lim

• From Korea

• Mr. Lim was appointed Commissioner of the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST).

• In July 2012, he assumed the position of President of Busan Port Authority.

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IncidentIncident Proposal to IMOProposal to IMO

CommitteeCommittee

Discussion, refer Discussion, refer to Sub-Committee, to Sub-Committee,

Working GroupWorking Group

Development of draft Development of draft Regulation, circular, Regulation, circular,

Code or resolutionCode or resolutionAdoption of Adoption of

new regulationnew regulation

IdeaIdeaDevelopmentDevelopment

• IMO - Develop safety and environment standards

• Governments - Implement/Enforce the standards

• Classification Societies - Survey and Certification

• Shipping Companies - Apply the standards to their ships

• Shipboard Personnel - Putting standards into operation

• More than 50 IMO Conventions• More than 100 protocols, guidelines,

recommendations etc• Almost every aspect of shipping covered:

• Design• Construction• Equipment• Maintenance• Crew• Discharges/emissions

• SOLAS - Safety of life at sea

• STCW - Training/Watch keeping

• Load lines - Cargo safety limits

• COLREGS - Collision avoidance

• SUA - Suppression of Unlawful Acts

• ISPS Code - Port Security

• MARPOL 73/78• Intervention 69/73• London Dumping 72 and Protocol 96• Anti-fouling 2001• Ballast water management 2004• Wreck removal 2004• Ship Recycling 2009

• SAR• OPRC (oil) • OPRC-HNS Protocol• Liability and Compensation

- CLC; FUND; BUNKER; HNS Conv

• SOLAS -98.79%• COLREGS -98.50%• STCW -98.77% • MARPOL(I&II) -98.34%• MARPOL(97 Pro) -74.73%• OPRC 90 -65.17%• OPRC-HNS -17.83%• AFSC 01 -62.69%

• 6 annexes cover ship-generated pollution (oil, NLS, Sewage, Garbage and air emissions)

• Ensures ships are adequately designed, equipped, certified and inspected

• Requires States to deal with wastes – reception facilities

• Applies to all ships (oil and gas exploration exempted)

• AIM: to reduce or eliminate adverse effects on the marine environment and human health caused by anti-fouling systems

• Convention entered into force on 17 September 2008

AIM:Prevent, minimize and eliminate the risk to the environment from transfer of harmful of aquatic organism and pathogens through control and management of ship’s ballast water and sediments.

Basic Obligations under OPRC and Regional Agreement:

• Establish and maintain a national response system

• Exchange of information

• Early notification/Reporting

• Mutual assistance

• LONDON CONVENTIONPromote the effective control of all sources of marine pollution– Contracting Parties shall take

effective measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment caused by dumping at sea.

• 1996 PROTOCOLProtect the marine environment from all sources of pollution– Contracting Parties shall

take effective measures to prevent, reduce and where practicable eliminate marine pollution caused by dumping or incineration of wastes at sea.

• Land-based pollution

- Basel Convention 1989

- Global Programme of Action 1995

•Atmospheric pollution

- Kyoto Protocol 1992

- Stockholm Convention 2001

Healthy oceans

Sea-based inputs Land-based inputs Atmospheric inputs

MARPOL,OPRC, BWM,

AFSC, etc

BaselGPAUNCLOS

Regional agreements

POP UNFCCC-

KyotoIMOBiodiversity

ICRI

• The IMO has a role in tackling international climate change. The First Intersessional Meeting of IMO's Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway

• Amendments to SOLAS, which upgraded fire protection standards on passenger ships, the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and watch keeping for Seafarers (STCW)

• Convention on the Prevention of Maritime Pollution (MARPOL 73/78), which required double hulls on all tankers.

• IMO served as partner of US international and interagency efforts to establish Maritime Domain Awareness

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IMO • Is a specialized UN agency• Develops global regulations to ensure

that shipping is safe, secure, efficient and environmentally friendly

• With a global coverage for a truly global industry and the community as a whole