Marine Life : Threats

8/6/2019 Marine Life : Threats

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Threatens the marine

wildlife.A risk that involves to a lost

of vast number breed of

fish altogether.


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Dynamite or blast

fishingMuroami

Cyanide Fishing


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The practice of using explosivesto stun or kill schools of fish foreasy collection. This often illegalpractice can be extremelydestructive to thesurrounding ecosystem, as theexplosion often destroys the

underlying habitat (such as coralreefs) that supports the fish.


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Dynamite Fishing in Tanzania [ Courtesy of Youtube]


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The Muro Ami Fishing Techniques

employed on coral reefs in Southeast

Asia, uses an encircling net together withpounding devices. These devices usually

comprise large stones fitted on ropes

that are pounded onto the coral reefs.


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Cyanide

Fishing


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CYANIDE FISHING IS A METHOD OF

COLLECTING LIVE FISH MAINLY FOR USEIN AQUARIUMS, WHICH INVOLVES

SPRAYING A SODIUM CYANIDE MIXTURE

INTO THE DESIRED FISH'S HABITAT IN

ORDER TO STUN THE FISH. THE PRACTICEHURTS NOT ONLY THE TARGET

POPULATION, BUT ALSO MANY OTHER

MARINE ORGANISMS,INCLUDING CORAL AND THUS CORAL

REEFS.


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CYANIDE FISHING IS PRACTICED

MAINLY IN SALTWATER FISHINGREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA.

SINCE THE PRACTICE WAS NEVER

WIDELY PUBLICIZED OR OFFICIALLYAPPROVED, ITS ORIGINS AREUNCERTAIN, BUT IT IS BELIEVED TO

HAVE ORIGINATED IN THE 1950S INTHE PHILIPPINES.


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Trading of different

species of marine animals

including the endangeredspecies which is said to be

illegal.


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Illegal Coral

Trading


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Humans are actively destroying the coralreef ecosystems on our earth. Reefs areoverfished, bombed and poisoned, smotheredby sediment, and choked by algae growing onnutrient rich sewage and fertilizer run-off.They are damaged by irresponsible tourismand are being severely stressed by the

warming of the world's oceans. Some 58percent of the world's reefs are reported asthreatened by human activities.

INTRO:


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Causes: Colourful fish flitting around rocks are both eye-

catching and soothing. Surely this is therationale for placing an aquarium in a waiting

room or office. Restaurants also make popularlocations. Not to mention all the homes thathave fishy residents, from modest goldfish bowlto luxurious wall installation. While freshwater

tanks can be cheaper and require less specializedequipment, saltwater aquaria are increasing inpopularity. However, some sea creatures arepart of an illegal trade network.


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Effects:

Unfortunately, only some corals areraised in captivity or throughaquaculture. Many of them are takenfrom living reefs to supply theincreased demand. In the UK, largenumbers of rare corals have beenfound while in transit through Britishairports.


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Oil SpillOil Spill


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y An oil spill is a release of a liquid petroleum intothe environment due to human activity, and is aform of pollution.The term often refersto marine oil spills, where oil is released into

the ocean or coastal . Oil spills include releases ofcrude oil from tankers, offshore platforms, drillingrigs and wells, as well as spills of refinedpetroleum products (such as gasoline, diesel) andtheir by-products, and heavier fuels used bylarge ships such as bunker fuel, or the spill of anyoily refuse or waste oil. Spills may take months oreven years to clean up.


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Water Pollution


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Water pollution is the contaminationof water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers , oceans

and groundwater). Water pollution occurswhen pollutants are discharged directly orindirectly into water bodies without

adequate treatment to remove harmfulcompounds.


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Water pollution in PasigRiver


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Eutrophication is the addition of artificial or natural substances,

such as nitrates and phosphates , through fertilizers or sewage , to an

aquatic system. In other terms, it is the "bloom" or great increase

of phytoplankton in a water body. Negative environmental effectsinclude hypoxia, the depletion of oxygen in the water, which induces

reductions in specific fish and other animal populations. Other

species (such as Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish in Japanese waters)

may experience an increase in population that negatively affects

other species.


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AEutrophic lake: has had increased algal

blooming due to high amounts ofphosphorus.


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Effects ofEutrophication

The decomposition of the algae fuels

bacterial growth, whose metabolism

consumes oxygen. This become aproblem because this unaturally high rate

of oxygen consumption decreases the

dissolved oxygen, on which marine life isdependent, and it does so at a rate much

higher then the rate of water aeration.


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SOLUTIONS

1.Discipline.2. Dont throw your garbage in rivers, lakes, streams,

seas, and etc.3.There must be marine guards or specific people

that protect marine life and the marine blackmarket must be traced. And the sentence to peopleinvolved in any kind of smuggling marine lifeshould be high like life sentence without fine sopeople will be discouraged in using marine life asillegal business.

4.Be a responsible citizen of earth.


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REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8550 : ThePhilippine Fisheries Code of 1998

y a. to achieve food security as the overriding consideration in theutilization, management, development conservation and protection offishery resources in order to provide the food needs of the population. A

flexible policy towards the attainment of food security shall be adoptedin response to changes in demographic trends for fish, emerging trends

in the trade of fish and other aquatic products in domestic andinternational markets, and the law of supply and demand;

y b. to limit access to the fishery and aquatic resources of the Philippinesfor the exclusive use and enjoyment of Filipino citizens;

y c. to ensure the rational and sustainable development, managementand conservation of the fishery and aquatic resources in Philippine water

including the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and in the adjacent highseas, consistent with the primordial objective of maintaining a sound

ecological balance, protecting and enhancing the quality of theenvironment;


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y d. to protect the rights of fisherfolk, especially of the localcommunities with priority to municipal fisherfolk, in the preferentialuse of the municipal waters. Such preferential use, shall be basedon, but not limited to, Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) or TotalAllowable Catch (TAC) on the basis of resources and ecologicalconditions, and shall be consistent with our commitments

under international treaties and agreement;y e. to provide support to the fishery sector, primarily to the municipal

fisherfolk, including women and youth sectors, through appropriatetechnology and research, adequate financial, production,construction of post-harvest facilities,marketing assistance, andother services. The he protection of municipal fisherfolkagainst foreign intrusion shall extend to offshore fishing grounds.

Fishworkersshall receive a just share for their labor in the utilization of marineand fishery resources


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THATSALL!

FISH

ARE

FRIENDS NOT

FOOD- Bruce from Finding Nemo


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PRESENTED TO YOU BY: GROUP 3 : BIOTICS


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THE END

Marine Life : Threats

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