THE HANDICRAFTS & HANDLOOMS EXPORTS CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD. &The Central Cottage Industries Corporation of India Limted

Ministry of Textiles, Government of India

March, 2015

VIG-GYAN (An In –House Magazine on Vigilance Administration in PSEs),p,pbZlh

COTTAGE

®

VIGILANCEVIGILANCEVIGILANCE

Showroom & Shops of HHEC & CCIC Dilli Haat, I.N.A. Market

Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi – 110 023

Phone/Fax : 011-24674403

National Museum Shop

Janpath, New Delhi – 110 001

Phone : 011-23062687, Fax : 011-23019821

LOTA Shop

Pragati Maidan, Bhairon Marg

New Delhi – 110 001

Phone/Fax : 011-23371269

Salarjung Museum Shop

22-8-299 to 320, Salarjung Museum Complex

Darul Shafa to Naya Pool Road, Afzalgunj

Hyderabad – 500002

Phone : 040-24572558

Patna Museum Shop

Budh Marg, Patna, Bihar – 800001

Phone : 0612-2200039

Sona of India

Rajiv Gandhi Hastshilp Bhawan

Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi

Phone : 011-23748005

SWASTI – A Shop by HHEC

Indira Gandhi National centre for the Arts

Janpath, New Delhi – 110001

Phone : 011-23385470

HHEC : Souvenir Shop

Patna, Bihar, Buddha Smriti Park

Phone : 0612-2200039

CCIC New DelhiJawahar Vyapar Bhawan, Janpath,New Delhi - 110 001011-23320439, 23326790

CCIC New Delhi10, Rajiv Gandhi Handicrafts Bhawan,Baba Kharak Singh Marg,New Delhi - 110 001011- 23365611

CCIC Mumbai34, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Marg, Mumbai - 400 039022-22828876, 22027537

CCIC MumbaiGround Floor, Indian Globe Chambers,LIC Building,(Near CST Station), D.N Road,Fort,, Mumbai - 400 001022-22850753

CCIC Kolkata7, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Chowringhee, Kolkata - 700 013033-22283205, 22446072

CCIC Bengaluru144, M. G. Road, Bengaluru - 560 001080- 25584084, 25584083

CCIC ChennaiTemple Tower, Anna Salai, Nandanam, Chennai - 600 035044- 24330226, 24330809

CCIC Hyderabad1st Floor, GMC Balayogi Paryatak Bhawan, Tourism Plaza,Greeanland Cross Road, Begumpet, Hyderabad-500016

THIS IS NOT

THE END

VIGILANCE BEGINS WITH YOU

VIG-GYAN(An In –House Magazine on Vigilance Administration in PSEs)

March 2015

Vigilance

The Handicrafts & Handlooms Exports Corporation of India limited&

The Central Cottage Industries Corporation of India Limited Ministry of Textiles , Government of India

VIG-GYAN (ISSUE - March 2015)

PRODUCED BY : Vigilance Division, HHEC & CCIC

COORDINATORS : Ms. Sushma & Dhiraj

EDITING & DESIGN : Subartha & Neeraj

CORRESPONDENCE : Ms. Sushma

Design and Print by: Chandu Press, D-97, Shakarpur, Delhi-92. Ph: 9810519841

Messages .......................................................................................................................01-03

CVO’s Note ...................................................................................................................04-04

Combating Corruption – Technology as an enabler, Presentation by Dr. S.K. Panda, Secretary (Textiles) ................................................................................05-07

Vigilance Administration in HHEC and like Organizations, Presentation by Sh.Sanjiv Shankar, CVO ...........................................................................................08-10

Vigilance Administration – Value or Villain to the Organization ....................................11-13

Glimpses of the Vigilance Awareness Week (27th October to 1st November 2014) .......14-15

Combating Corruption: Technology as an Enabler—Participants & some Excerpts from Essays ......................................................................................................16-27

Combating Corruption by Leveraging Technology; Sharing of Experience by Shri Prabhat, IRPS, Ex-CVO, IREDA ........................................28-30

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as a tool for Control, Management and Vigilance in a Commercial Organization-Presentation by Sh Krishna Menon, Godrej Infotech ..........................................................................31-33

Slogan writing competition on Vigilance ; Participants and selected slogans ..................34-35

Contents

1March 2015

2 March 2015

3March 2015

4 March 2015

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COMBATING CORRUPTION – TECHNOLOGY AS AN ENABLER

Presentation by Dr. S.K. Panda, IAS, Secretary, Ministry of Textiles

WHAT IS CORRUPTION ?

= “Themisuseofpublicpowerforprivatebenefits.”

Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

Transparency International (TI)

Published annually, ranking countries “by their perceived levels of corruption, asdetermined by expert assessments and opinion surveys.”

Ranks 177 countries on a scale from 100 (very clean) to 0 (highly corrupt)

= Lack of integrity or honesty, Susceptibility to bribery

Dictionary meaning

= In its Broader Sense

It is Deviation from accepted, Desirable, Societal Norms

IMPACT OF CORRUPTION

= Like Cancer drains resources

= Kills the system from within

Where does India stand ? (as per CPI 2013 for 177 countries)

1. Denmark, 2. New Zealand (91), 3. Findland, 4. Sweden (89)

18. Japan (74), 19. USA (73)

94 India (36)

Pakistan (26), Bangladesh (27)

175 Afghanistan, 176 North Korea, 177 Somalia (8)

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CAUSES OF CORRUPTION

CAUSES OF CORRUPTION*

Organisational

1. Loopholes in law

2. Lack of control/supervision

3. Excessive authority

4. Convenience

5. Frequent habits

6. Learning from others

General

1. Endless desires

2. Economic necessities

3. Lack of morality

*IIPA Study on incidence of corruption in Police (UP)

FACTORS RESTRAINING CORRUPTION IN INDIA

1. Fear of God

= Indians are largely God fearing

2. Societal pressure

= Strong family bondage and peer pressure

3. Punishment for unacceptable conduct

= Develop culture of honesty and curbing corruption

Crucial – Role of State / Organisation

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INDIA IN 21ST CENTURYINDIA IN 21ST CENTURY= Emerging Challenges – Literacy, Education, Awareness

– Local leadership, PRI bodies

– Globalisation

= Public Servant – accountability – Parliament – Legislature

– Ministry – Executive

Central Vigilance Commission

– Judiciary

– Press

– People at large

Right to Information Act

CHECKING CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC OFFICES= Punitive Action 1. Action in time Investigation of complaints

Departmental inquiry

2. Imposition of penalty Penalty should commensurate with the omission and financial implication

Should have impact on others

3. Fair, Impartial, without any bias

CHECKING CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC OFFICES= Preventive Action – Remaining Alert and Watchful Against all type of irregularities

Always-all time

Surprise checks in a more effective manner

– System centric approach Procedure should be simple, clear & easy

To be developed by the line departments

Publication of all open tenders on the websites

E-payments, e-receipts

E-commerce – forward/reverse auction

Need for use of appropriate & innovative technology

Reservation Against Cancellation (RAC)

Computerisation of Railway reservation

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VIGILANCE ADMINISTRATION IN HHEC & LIKE ORGANIZATIONS

PresentationbySh.SanjivShankar,IRSChiefVigilanceOfficerHHEC,CCIC&NTC

VIGILANCE AS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION Primary purpose is to enhance managerial efficiency and effectiveness

The role is to ensure that the systems and procedures are codified in a manner to serve transparency and accountability

Vigilance Units in PSEs are expected to work in close co-operation and co-ordination with other Division/Units.

FUNCTIONS OF VIGILANCE Preventive Punitive Surveillance and detection

WHY VIGILANCE MANAGEMENT IN A PSE?Unlike the private commercial organization, the PSEs deal with the tax payer’s money and are therefore accountable to the Parliament. They are open to public scrutiny and therefore there is stress on rules and standard operating procedures alongside outcomes.

WHAT IS A VIGILANCE ANGLE ?Commission of criminal offences like demand and acceptance of illegal gratification, possession of disproportionate assets, forgery, cheating, abuse of official position with a view to obtaining pecuniary advantage for self or for any other person. Irregularities reflecting adversely on the integrity of the public servants Lapses involving any of the following: Gross negligence Recklessness Failure to report to the competent authorities, exercise of discretion/powers with out or in excess of powers/jurisdictions Cause of undue loss or a concomitant gain to an individual / party Flagrant violation of systems and procedures

WHAT IS NOT A ‘VIGILANCE’ ANGLE ?Vigilance investigation on a complaint would not be called for on the basis of a mere difference of opinion/perception or an error of judgement simpliciter or lack of efficiency or failure to attain exemplary devotion in the performance of duties.(Union of India Vs. J. Ahmed AIR 1979SC 1022)Administrative misconduct, such as unpunctuality, drunken behavior at work, in subordination etc. may not have vigilance angle.Test of ‘common prudence’Administrative measures may be taken by the Disciplinary Authorities.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCEEncompasses commitment to values and ethical business conduct to maximize shareholder values on a sustainable basis, while ensuring fairness to all stakeholders including customers, employees,vendors, Government and society at large…..

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TEN ESSENTIAL GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES1. Lay solid foundations for management and oversight

Recognize and publish the respective roles and responsibilities of board and management.

2. Structure the board to add value

Have a board of an effective composition, size and commitment to adequately discharge its responsibilities and duties.

3. Promote ethical and responsible decision-making/Actively promote ethical and responsible decision-making.

4. Safeguard integrity in financial reporting

Have a structure to independently verify and safeguard the integrity of the company’s financial reporting

5. Make timely and balanced disclosure

Promote timely and balanced disclosure of all material matters concerning the company

6. Respect the rights of shareholders

Respect the rights of shareholders and facilitate the effective exercise of those rights

7. Recognise and manage risk

Establish a sound system of risk oversight and management and internal control

8. Encourage enhanced performance

Fairly review and actively encourage enhanced board and management effectiveness

9. Remunerate fairly and responsibly

Ensure that the level and composition of remuneration is sufficient and reasonable and that its relationship to corporate and individual performance is defined.

10. Recognise the legitimate interests of stakeholders

Recognise legal and other obligations to all legitimate stakeholders

PREVENTIVE VIGILANCE IN DIFFERENT SEGMENTSPURCHASES Should be invariably on a public tender basis. Whenever limited tender is resorted to, enquiries should be sent only by certificate of

posting and adequate notice be given to participate in tender. Further, tenders should be both for technical and financial bids. Technical bids should be scrutinized and approval of samples made before financial bids

are opened. Once the samples are approved, then the lowest price concept should be implemented in

awarding purchase contracts. List of suppliers should be reviewed periodically. Adherence of purchase conditions to be monitored. Delivery of samples should be got checked with basic samples. Review of settlement of bills of parties.

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PREVENTIVE VIGILANCE

Sales

Fixation of prices as well as deliveries to be monitored.

Quality assurance,

Review of dealers performance,

Review of discounts extended,

Review of sale of substandard and damaged items and

Review of presentation of bills

PREVENTIVE VIGILANCETransport

Should be done only on public tender basis.

Evaluation of the performance of transporters on a periodical basis.

Civil and Electrical Works

Strict adherence to the procedure laid down by the CIL, BPE, CPWD etc. in the execution of works.

Surprise checks of measurements, quality of material etc.

PREVENTIVE VIGILANCEInventory

Surprise check of stores both for quality and quantity.

Review of stores lying unused for long time.

Finance

Settlement of payments by A/c payee cheques, Dispatch of cheques by certificate of posting or e-payments instead of hand delivery,

Review of debtors list, Obtaining confirmation of balances outstanding from parties.

PREVENTIVE VIGILANCEPERSONNEL

Periodical rotation of officers/staff in sensitive posts.

Review of the immovable property return of the individuals.

Proper implementation of the Conduct, Discipline and Appeal Rules.

Rules like weeding out corrupt officers in pubic interest.

Dispensation of unwanted procedures and practices.

Streamlining procedures for recruitment.

Institution of an effective grievance procedure machinery.

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VIGILANCE: VILLAIN OR VALUE IN PSE MANAGEMENT - THE DHARMA OF PUBLIC SERVICE

Anil Kumar Dutta, IRSME (Retd.), Ex-Director (Infra)/DFCCIL

“Nindak neare rakhiye angan kuti chhabay” said KABIR the famous Hindi poet of worldly wisdom about thousand years ago. It means that one should keep his critic close to himself obviously because it is difficult to detect one’s own faults and shortcoming. This is precisely the essence of vigilance in any organization.

1.1 Public sector enterprise is the creation of Nehruvian model of economy for developing countries wherein the State decided to engage itself in commercial business enterprise with the objective of developing industrial infrastructure ensuring simultaneous social development as well. With the above development approach in mind, maximization of absolute profit like the private enterprise was not the aim.

1.2 As the public enterprise use public funds for the business it is engaged in, it naturally brings the transactions within the scope of scrutiny on the parameters of probity, propriety and public accountability.

1.3 Regulation and control being the basic functions of governance it would have been almost impossible carrying on business with Government rules and regulations. Therefore, the functioning of PSEs was developed around simple and flexible rules.

2.1 Simplicity and flexibility of rules of transaction of a business is a double-edged weapon which can be used or misused depending on the motive of the individual. It is to safeguard against such misuse of discretion and flexibility that vigilance was brought into the management system to detect and deter such of the people who were misusing the simplicity and flexibility in the carrying of business by PSEs.

2.2 As the vigilance function in any organization does not precede each and every decision making process, it cannot be restrictive. Instead it only provides a post-mortem analysis or hindsight which can be the basis for corrective action in the future managerial decision.

3. ROLE OF VIGILANCE:3.1 It is to provide a feedback to the chief executive or any other decision making level about the

functioning of the organization. In the process, the vigilance organization scan, investigate, analyse and provide feedback to the management about violations of rules/procedures, irregularities and improprieties . Such scrutiny of decision, actions or transactions is always with reference to the rules and regulations of the organization which are not framed by vigilance.

3.2 The vigilance therefore functions as a feedback loop in the management control system. As is necessary for any stable system, the feedback is negative in mathematical sense and is thus viewed in the same negative perspective by the managers, not realizing that the ultimate role of such negative feedback is to achieve the positive result of stability of the management system.

4. COMMON PERCEPTIONS ABOUT VIGILANCE:4.1 It is often viewed as an instrument of managerial harassment because it is most commonly

seen as an instrument of punishment to the employees. Obviously the punishment is commonly reflected as causing demoralization in the rank and file of the organization, little realizing the fact that the cause of punishment is often overlooked. In addition, the number of people who get punished as a result of vigilance investigation is far fewer than the numbers indulging in corrupt and unfair practices.

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4.2 Punishment being an exception, and associated with undue publicity by the affected employees attracts attention all over the organization.

4.3 Vigilance is a thief catching and fault finding function. This perception is mostly borne out in the minds of employees due to the following;

a) Vigilance officials with inadequate knowledge of the job that is expected of them.

b) Reluctance of field level executive to share information and experience with vigilance officials.

c) Some officials deputed for vigilance function view every action/decision with only criminality in the background due to past experience and association with criminal investigation.

4.4 Vigilance is an intrinsic attribute of human nature by externalizing it as a separate function in the organization it has been confused.

5. VIGILANCE AS A VALUE IN THE MANAGEMENT FUNCTION:5.1 Normal management information is marshaled along the functional/ departmental lines up to

the CEO. Vigilance can provide analysis and feedback of inter- functional interfaces.

5.2 It is not possible/practicable for the CEO to get objective feedback about every function at every level independently which can be provided by vigilance.

5.3 Vigilance can detect/identify defects and deficiencies in the existing system and procedures. It can also suggest improvements in consultation with the concerned functional departments.

5.4 It can be a useful and effective management tool as long as it is kept impersonal and proactive.

5.5 As the usefulness of any tool depends upon the skills of the ARTISAN using it, vigilance as a management tool could be villain or the value depending on how it is used by the organization.

6.0 VIGILANCE: THE DHARMA OF PUBLIC SERVICE6.1 ‘Dharma’ has been defined as “way of life”. In an orderly and healthy society, the conduct of

individuals determines the way of life. Every individual in a society has two basic components of actions, i.e. one in personal life and the other within work-place that he performs in course of earning his livelihood.

6.2 Vigilance in general term means way of action and is as applicable to personal life as it would be applicable to work place. While we do not appear to take cognizance of inbuilt vigilance in our personal life because it is so deeply engrained, vigilance in work place is often viewed with apprehension, awe, fear, which is primarily due to the term being most widely misunderstood. As distinct from policing, security, spying, it actually means conforming to a particular way of action in work place.

6.3 Without going into the subtleties of definition of public servant and government servant, let us generally assume that all public servants are government servant. The governance involves regulatory functions in developed countries but also incorporates provision of service to public in developing countries like India. The process of governance involves decision making at every stage of functioning of the governmental system. Therefore, vigilance in government jobs is to be viewed with specific reference to decision making.

6.4 In any management system including governance of functions of State, it is necessary to lay down the broad frames of reference and the boundaries for the decision making process. This is done by framing the conduct rules for every public servant and laying down norms of integrity. Every act of a public servant is subject to scrutiny with respect to these two fundamental maxims and also the relevant rules for conduct of government business.

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7.0 SPECIFIC STEPS TO KEEP OUT OF VIGILANCE CASES.7.1 While so far the meaning of vigilance in public service has been discussed in general and

abstract terms, it is necessary to translate these abstract concepts into specific executable actions/steps which a public servant ought to adopt to avoid getting into vigilance cases. The work of every public servant is basically classified under following two categories:-

a) Decision taken by the public servant himself, and

b) Supervision and superintendence of work done by officials functioning under him.

7.2 Essential facts for being vigilant with respect to decision taken by public servant himself

i) Do not hesitate to verify the rules to satisfy that a decision being taken is within the ambit of rules applicable and is also within the empowerment delegated.

ii) In case of exercise of discretion consistency is the key to being fair, impartial and just.

iii) It is a healthy practice to always record reasons and basis of decision without being elaborate as it is impracticable for a person to remember the basis of decision when asked to explain the rationale after sometime.

iv) It is always the head that should prevail the heart while taking important decisions and not let the heart influence the head.

7.3 The behavioral traits of a person featuring in vigilance investigation.

a) Anger: that despite being honest there is an attempt to question his honesty.

b) Reaction: reflected during the investigation process by vigilance officials. As the act of vigilance investigation is always viewed contemptuously by a honest public servant, the rank of the investigating officer (generally lower than the rank of the official under investigation) is the most common element of hurt. This is because the official under investigation does not appreciate that the particular vigilance officials is discharging the role of an investigating officer irrespective of his rank and the official being investigated is a suspected public servant irrespective of his rank.

c) Frustration: when the public servant is not actually guilty and due to the case not being presented properly during the investigation, it leads to initiation of disciplinary proceedings.

d) Desperation: The charge sheet having been issued at the end of the tunnel starts be coming visible to make the public servant desperate to achieve exoneration.

8.0 Whereas the above stages of reaction are realistic and most humane, the desirable reactions to initiation of a vigilance case are as under:-

a) Reconstruction of the actual event: Immediately after receiving the intimation regarding initiation of a vigilance case the first exercise by the public servant should be to start recollection of situation, circumstances, details of the event/action/case which is being subjected to vigilance scrutiny and investigation.

b) Collect and study as much, records, data, rules, provision of codes and manuals , various departmental circulars on the subject, as possible before facing the interrogation by the investigating official remember that a vigilance case is best dealt at the investigation stage as there is very little a public servant can do after disciplinary proceedings have been initiated.

9.0 CONCLUSION With the above rituals of ‘Dharma’ in public service having been explained, it may be

remembered that rituals of ‘Dharma’ of public service should be adhered to while performing ‘Karma’ of public service and any departure is a ‘Sin’ as defined in every religion which leads to penance.

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GLIMPSES OF THE VIGILANCE AWARENESS WEEK 2014 AT HHEC

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GLIMPSES OF THE VIGILANCE AWARENESS WEEK 2014 AT CCIC

GLIMPSES OF THE VIGILANCE AWARENESS WEEK 2014 AT NTC

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Name of the participants who submitted essays during the Vigilance Awareness Week 2014 at HHEC1. Shri R. Govindarajan, FM2. Shri Subartha Mahalanabis, EDP3. Smt. D. Devikadevi, OM, Chennai4. Shri Ankireddy Jaya Simha Reddy, MT5. Shri Abhishek Saxena, MT(Mktg)6. Shri Praveen Kumar, MT(Mktg)7. Shri Prabhu MT8. Shri Salman Ansari, MT9. Smt. Jaita Kumari, MT(Mktg)10. Shri Soumya Ranjan Swain,MT11. Ms. Ashta Aggarwal, MT(Mkt)12. Ms. Manavi Mahajan, Grade I13. Shri Santosh kumar, Tailor14. Shri Abdul Wahab, Jr. Driver15. Shri Ravi Kant16. Shri Ramanugrah Singh, Helper17. Shri Ramesh Chand, Consultant

List of Participants who Submitted Essays During Vigilance Awareness Week 2014 At CCIC01. Smt. Babita Deshwal, AM, Delhi 02. Shri Amit Arora, AM, Delhi 03. Shri Vinay Aggarwal, AM, Delhi 04. Smt. Deepti Bajaj, AM, Delhi 05. Smt. Lekha Suryan, AM, Bengaluru 06. Shri Manoj Kumar, AM, Delhi 07. Smt. Sindhu Ramchandaran, AM, Chennai 08. Shri M.K. Bhera, DM, Chennai 09. Smt. V.J. Sridevi, AM, Chennai 10. Smt. M. Madhuri, AM, Chennai

List of Participants who took part in Debate At NTC 1. Sh. Y.P.Mittal 2. Sh. Vinay Kumar 3. Sh.Liladhar Pandey 4. Sh. A.N.Bajpayee 5. Sh.Rishi

List of Participants who Submitted Essays During Vigilance Awareness Week 2014 At NTC 1. Sh. N.K.Mishra, Sr. Asstt.

2. Smt. Sunita Kochar, Sr. Asstt

3. Smt. Neelam Jawa, Spl. Asstt.

4. Sh. Ram Swaroop Verma,Sr.Asstt.

5. Smt. Kiran Vij, Deputy Manager

6. Sh. A.N.Bajpai, Asstt.Manager

7. Shri N.L. Jadhav

8. Shri S.I.Siddique

9. Shri K.R.Tiwari

10. Shri R.B.Vanjare

11. Shri S.S.Ambre

12. Shri V.A.Chikhale

13. Smt. Smita S.Bangare

14. Ms. Suchika Patiyal, Asstt.Mgr

15. Shri Shyam Sundar, Jt.Manager

16. Shri Rishi, Astt.Mgr.

17. Shri Y.P.Mittal, Joint Manager

18. Sh. C.Balasubramanian, A.M.

19. Sh. D.P.Singh, P.A.

20. Sh. S.R.D.Azhagan, Asstt.Mgr

21. Sh.Darshan M. Trivedi, Dy.Mgr

22. Sh.K.V.Balasubramanian,Dy.Mgr

Till such time our conscience awakens

Till such time we get rid of our greed

baVjusV eksckby budk djsa mi;ksx Hkz"Vkpkj mUewyu esa Hkh budk djsa

mi;ksx

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Essays on “Combating Corruption: Technology asanEnabler”(SomeExcerpts)

1. ROLE OF E-GOVERNANCE IN TACKLING CORRUPTION

E-governance introduced transparency in data, decisions/actions, rules, procedures and performance of government agencies, simplified the processes and rules, taken away discretion by automating the processes, made decisions traceable, built accountability, provided greater access to information through web publishing, provided documentation to citizens for follow up.

It has also introduced competition amongst delivery channels, standardized documentation of comments/ objections leading to effective supervision, centralized and integrated data for better audit and analysis and enabled unbiased sampling for audit purposes.

ONLINE TRANSACTIONS

With the introduction of online property tax portals in some municipalities several years ago, where fees are clearly stated and can be paid directly, the manipulation of property tax by the assessor has been eradicated in one stroke.

The ticket booking system in the Indian Railways was marred with petty corruption and gross inefficiencies many years ago. The reason was that a scare resource, available seats, were allocated by local clerks who often misused that allocation power to extract bribes and curry favors for hapless consumers. Computerizing the entire booking system has taken that power away from Indian Railways employees and booking tickets is now a breeze.

Similarly, digitizing the entire land and property records in the state of Andhra Pradesh cleaned up the system that had

made buying and selling property in the state a nightmare.

Transparency is the best remedy for eliminating the scope of corruption. It has been rightly said, sunshine is the best disinfectant so that the germs of corruption do not flourish. Information technology by making information about policies, rules and regulations, rules and processes accessible easily to a very large number of people, can go a long way in reducing corruption by increasing transparency.

By Mrs. D. Devikadevi, OM, HHEC, Chennai

2. Information and communication technology can assist in combating corruption in the following ways:

Automation (ERP Enterprise Resource Planning): which can reduce the opportunities for corruption in repetitive operations.

Transparency : which can help reduce the room for discretion;

Detection in operations : to identify anomalies, outliers and underperformance

Preventive detection through monitoring of networks and individuals;

Awareness raising to empower the public and inform it about its right to resist arbitrary treatment;

Reporting : to create complaint channels that can lead to concrete action and help punish violations and close loopholes;

Deterrence : by disseminating information about reported cases of corruption;

Promoting ethical attitudes through public engagement and online discussions.

By Shri Subartha Mahalanabis, EDP Manager

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Type of information being made transparent

Resultingbenefits Examples ofe-government applications

Rules and procedures governing services;names of public officials responsible fordifferent tasks; text of citizen’s charter.

Standardized procedures for delivery ofservices. Citizens can resist attempts to delay processing. Reduces arbitrariness, e.g. demand for additional documents.

Web sites of government departments in many countries. Budget disclosure in Argentina and Karnataka, India

Outcomes of government decisions, e.g. award of contracts and licenses, allocation of resources.

Exposure of corruption and improvedaccountability

E-procurement in Chile, Philippines.

Data about individual entities in Government records such as land and buildings, status of tax payments

Exposure of manipulation for bribery and corruption. Empowerment of citizens to challenge arbitrary actions

Bhoomi, on-line land records inKarnataka, India

Actions/decisions of government functionaries such as comments on applications for licenses, bills of entry for goods

Tracking attempts to extort bribes so as to fix individual responsibility

OPEN in Seoul, Korea, On-lineprocessing in Customs

Performance indicators for Governmentdepartments: indices of corruption; performance of investigating agencies

Civic engagement in governanceGreater accountability

School performance in UK

Names of citizens with large outstanding loans, taxes; civil servants under investigation or convicted

A kind of punishment for the corrupt through public exposure

Central Vigilance Commissioner Web site, India

Disclosure of assets and income of electioncandidates, elected representatives, ministers or civil servants

Creates disincentive for corruption by creating fear of exposure

Open secrets in US; Public Affairs Council, India

3. IMPACT OF E-GOVERNANCE

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4. IT Enabled Application in CVC for the Core Processes:

The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) has taken the initiative of formulating a National Anticorruption Strategy, which would serve as a concerted and coordinated approach to fighting corruption in India. CVC has been working towards leveraging IT for not only simplification of processes but also enhancing interaction with all the stakeholders in the fight against corruption. An IT enabled application for complaints processing online has been developed and implemented in the commission. This application handles complaints from all sources in electronic form and ensures expeditious disposal. In this process, complaints on which it has been decided to send the same for 'Necessary Action' (NA) are being forwarded to the concerned CVO by the commission through this application. Such complaints sent for necessary action would henceforth not be sent in hard copy and will be transmitted electronically. However, the complaints sent for investigation and report to the CVO will continue to be handled /sent by post. In addition, the CVOs can also send them monthly reports electronically through this portal. E-mails and SMS systems are also being integrated by this application for sending alerts to all the CVOs and for status updates to the complainants.

5. NIC at the Forefront for Active Promotion and Implementation of ICT:NIC has spearheaded the e-governance drive in India for the last few decades. As a major

step in ushering e-governance, NIC has been involved in supporting the government in areas of Internet/Intranet infrastructure and IT empowerment of officers at all levels, preparing IT Plans for sectoral development and developing IT based services including G2G, G2B, G2C and G2E portals. NICNET, the Pan India, computer communication network of NIC has been the backbone for e-governance applications. A number of major initiatives have been undertaken for strengthening backend automation and implementation of citizen centric services. E-payment for various government services, SMS service for sending alerts and updates, e-tendering, e-office, web based counseling for admission into professional courses are some such activities.

Computerization of Food grain Supply Chain of Food and Civil Supplies department

Web Based Payroll System for State Government Departments

e-File implementation in National Rural Health Mission project at Maharashtra

COIN (Co-Operative banking in Place) - A Total Banking Solution for Co-operative Sector

District Passport Collection Centre System

License Fee Monitoring System

e-Finance.Net - ICT based Integrated Workflow of Finance Department

e-KHAZANA (Computerization of Budget, Treasuries and State Provident Fund)

Integrated Workflow System for Paperless Admissions to AICTE approved Courses in Haryana

Computerization of allotment of liquor shops on the basis of Draw of lots by Excise department

NREGA-National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

Consumer Forum Computerization (CONFONET)

Examples of E-Government Applications Developed and Implemented by NIC

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Project Monitoring and Information System (PMIS)

Online passport, Online VAT

e-mandi-Online Agricultural Marketing System

BHOOMI for Revenue Department

Comprehensive Modernization of Land Records (CMLR )

RIMS (Ration Card Issue and Maintenance System)

Comprehensive Modernization of Land Records (CMLR )

LAS-Lokayukta office Automation System

6. Examples of E-Government Applications Developed and Implemented Globally

E Government Initiatives:-

ICTs are increasingly used by governments all over the world to deliver government information and services to citizens, to enhance the efficiency and transparency of public administration and to better interact with citizens. E-government plays an increasingly important role in the promotion of participatory and inclusive development and democracy, and has grown in parallel to the rising demand for government transparency and accountability (UNPAN, 2012). Numerous e-government initiatives have been successfully implemented in the last decade and those provided below are just a few examples.

E-procurement

E-procurement was one of the first applications of ICTs in government activities. E-procurement is the replacement of paper-based procedures with ICTs throughout the procurement processes. E-procurement can reduce administrative costs, speed up the process, increase transparency, facilitate monitoring, encourage cross-border competition and support the development of a centralized procurement administration (OECD, 2011). South Korea adopted its Government e- Procurement System (GePS) in 2002, providing integrated bidding information as a one-stop shop for customers and enabling the electronic processing of the entire procurement process. The bidding system and procurement information are available through mobile phones. According to the OECD, South Korea’s e-procurement system has significantly reduced the risks of corruption, through the enhanced transparency made possible by the digitalization of information, and increased competition (OECD, 2005).

E-taxation

Governments also use ICTs for tax collection and payment, with the objective of making the system more transparent and efficient, and to cut out potential corrupt tax collectors. E-taxation has been implemented in 77 countries throughout the world, which is equivalent to 40% of the United Nations’ member states. An increasing number of developing countries, such as Tunisia, Sao Tome e Principe and Cape Verde, have opted for electronic tax collection to accelerate the tax processing time and ease the process of paying taxes, (UNPAN, 2012).

E-judiciary

ICTs offer considerable potential to improve the way the judiciary operates both nationally (filing, archiving, protection of evidence, reporting, traceability) and internationally (international judicial cooperation, training). E-judiciary has helped make workflows more efficient and

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court proceedings more transparent (Zinnbauer, 2012). In addition, it informs citizens of their rights and can contribute to simplifying procedures (Velicogna, 2007). India, for example, has implemented a number of ICT-based initiatives in its judiciary, like the e-justice process, to provide better access to justice for Indian citizens. Turkey has launched an SMS judicial information system, offering a legal notification service for citizens and lawyers about any development concerning their cases (UNPAN, 2012).

Electronicidentification

New technologies have been used to modernize the process of citizen identification and distribution of social services and benefits. The digitalization of the procedure to obtain an identity card, E-ID cards and biometric proof of identity captured in electronic authentication mechanisms can have the potential to make the system more accessible, transparent and accountable. Such initiatives can reduce corruption risks in the distribution of social benefits and services, as well as in international aid (Zinnbauer, 2012).

Role of Social media in combating corruption:-

ICTs also offer new avenues for openness by providing access to social media—content and interactions that are created through the social interaction of users via highly accessibly web-based technologies. Examples of popular applications of social media to anticorruption efforts have been developed both by governments and by nongovernmental organizations. Wikileaks is a Web site that allows users to anonymously publish sensitive information. To date, it houses over 1.2 million documents. Wikileaks is an ideal example of how social media technologies can be used to fight corruption. Another recent example is a web site created in 2009 by the National Democratic Institute to help users explore, analyze, and visualize the data associated with the 2009 Afghanistan presidential election.

International best practices in combating corruption:-

“Business Crime Control” and “Transparency International” are two major Non Governmental Organizations that have done a lot of remarkable work in combating corruption internationally.

Georgia:

Fix My Street in Tbilisi, Georgia, is an online portal run by Transparency International Georgia where users can flag problems such as potholes or missed garbage collections, triggering an email to the mayor’s office. To make sure that authorities react to the issue and get it fixed, other users can track changes and repairs by posting comments and photos. Posters can be printed out and put up next to the problem site featuring a QR code which redirects to the online portal. Once a problem has been taken care of a green marker appears on the map of reported problems. Seven hundred and fifty problems have been fixed already, and the mayor’s office now features a prominent link to the portal on their website.

Lithuania:-

Transparency International Lithuania is running an online parliamentary monitoring project called manoSeimas (meaning “my family”) which lets users find out about how parliament has been voting on policy issues for the past four years. On the website, the visitor is presented with policy issues as diverse as education reform, nuclear power or gay marriage, and can choose to be for, against or without an opinion on it. When the test is completed the user gets shown the representation of votes of parties in parliament and can find out which parliamentarian supports their issues. If unsure on a position there are documents outlining pro and con arguments for each policy issue.

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Indonesia:-Korupedia.org is an online list of convicted corrupt officials curetted by the chapter in Indonesia

Each entry contains the name of the corruptor, how much money they embezzled and the final verdict of the trial. The site also lists those cases which have been stalled to give users an insight on the progress of cases and to form a basis for advocacy. The main purpose of the site is to create a national memory of corruptors to avoid them getting back to positions of power unscathed. No one disagrees with the importance of law enforcement to diminish corrupt practices. Yet, sometimes social sanctions are much more effective. Korupedia will provide a list of corruptors, their identity and a brief description of the case so people will not forget their crime to the country.

Romania:-Bribe Market is a similar initiative developed in Romania that allows citizens to share their experiences of bribery when interacting with public services and the amount of money they had to pay. This initiative was developed in 2012 thanks to the support of the Restart Challenges competition financed by TechSoup Global, the Central and Eastern European Trust for Civil Society, US embassies and Microsoft. Within its first four months of existence Bribe Market received nearly 650 reports of corruption. Reports are mapped to help people identify which service providers are the“cheapest” and the least corrupt (IACC, 2012).

By Shri Prabhu, MT(Mktg.)

7. USE OF TECHNOLOGY

While technology can be an effective tool to transparency, we also need to be alert to its dark side the exponential growth in cybercrime. It's sometimes said integrity is how you act when no one else is watching. The reality today is with the power of modern technology we can all watch to varying degrees. Technology can give real meaning to transparency and accountability; can help bring sunshine to the darkness. But technology is also human-made and human-driven. Technology can help. Integrity will always count.

As mobile phone usage and internet access around the world increase it is clear that technology is transforming society. The implementation of newly introduced anti-corruption legislation requires awareness learning and training, much of which is being facilitated and delivered online

Best PracticesThe Philippine government has opened government data and contract information so citizens can see how their tax money is spent. The Foreign Aid Transparency Hub, launched after Typhoon Yolanda, offers a real-time look at pledges made and money delivered for typhoon recovery. Geo-tagging tools monitor assistance for people affected by the typhoon.

The Philippines, where Finance Secretary Purisma has started an online public tip-off program called Pera Ng Bayan, which netted dozens of tax evaders and smugglers within its first six months of operation Using technology to improve services. Countries also are tapping into technology to improve public and private services. Estonia is famous for building an information technology infrastructure that has permitted widespread use of electronic services — everything from filing taxes online to filling doctors' drug prescriptions.

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An example of an anti-corruption system operating in a developing country is the system used by KACC, the Kenyan Anti-Corruption Commission. It supports both public complaints and case management. Whilst it does not use advanced analytical methods, it provides a robust system that offers strong confidentiality and enforces processes. Looking forward, the availability of more electronic data will increase allowing more advanced techniques to be applied. In this way, better methods of early corruption detection can be applied in developing countries.

Take Indonesia, where an Urban Poverty Program, which distributes $150 million annually in World Bank and government funding, has successfully harnessed the Internet and mobile phone technology to enhance project monitoring, transparency, and overall effectiveness.

Opening budgets to scrutiny. This type of openness is spreading. Now many countries that once withheld information are opening their data and budgets to public scrutiny.

(By Shri Praveen Kumar, MT(Mktg)

8. UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER VS CORRUPTION

Unique Identification Authority of India and their Aadhaar Card issue for the entire population of India is a mile stone in the history of India thus to credit the benefits directly to their account and ensure “Zero” Corruption which is a massive work and made possible through the Technology though the task initially seems to be herculean and unimaginative in nature and this is a major step in tapping Government Resources getting leaked.

What benefits public derives out of these- Intermediaries gets exposed; people get best out of Technology which in turn reduces their tension, anxiety and wasteful expenditure. Awareness, Education through these Technological advancements made all things easy and smooth, as well said by our Prime Minister recently E-Governance means Easy Governance, Economy Governance and Efficiency in Governance. My personal experience is that when I approach Electricity Department in person for certain problems then it becomes difficult where in I ought to fulfill certain un warranted expenses, however, the same work I could get it done through internet by writing directly to their Grievance cell who not only responded but also sorted out in double quick time without single penny as expenses, I felt very happy to get the work done.

Next area of Technology to control corruption is in the departments of Police and Road Transport Authority which are the major contributor of Corruption, we need to send a separate satellite to cover this department as CCTV installed invariably failed to serve the purpose. We need to use these satellites to look in to these departments and expose the problems and its vulnerability. We need to use Technology combined with measures to control and curtail corruption in these two departments, thus people feel friendly to go and record their grievances in police station and approach to road transport office to get their license and other related work in this department which enable road safety and accident free riding which in turn helps our citizens.

By Shri R. Govindarajan, FM

9. WHY CORRUPTION FLOURISHES?

Corruption flourishes in our system because of five basic reasons. These are: (i) scarcity of goods and services(ii) red tape and complicated rules and procedures(iii) lack of transparency in decision-making(iv) legal cushions of safety for the corrupt under the

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‘healthy’ principle that everyone is innocent till proved guilty; and (v) tribalism or biradari among the corrupt who protect each other. The popular phrase is ‘thick as thieves’ not ‘thick as honest people’.

How corruption can be eliminated when technology is combined with systems:1. Proper and foolproof systems, if put in place at every level in the public offices can ensure

accountability and transparency.

2. Simplification of rules and procedures. Corruption is like malaria, handled by either giving medicine to those affected or by preventing the breeding of mosquitoes. Many of our rules and procedures breed corruption.

3. Adopting technological changes, in every government department like in issuing licences, passports will improve the delivery mechanism. It will also combat red –tapism, will enhance citizens trust and faith in the government.

4. Eliminating cash transactions as much as possible by making card transactions as cheap as possible .

5. Posting all government transactions on net .

6. Eliminate manual transactions, implement e-governance at war footing. Escalation mechanism for failure in RTI response, can be made easier by implementing RTI through Information technology.

7. Computerizing all governance process will help a lot. But its in the hand of Politicians and bureaucrats to do that.

8. Video Taping the conversations with govt. authorities, while they show off their ego, denying our service, failing their duty and then making complaint to higher authorities with CONCRETE VIDEO evidence.

9. Smart phones help a lot in fighting against the corrupt system. Violations happen every minute in all parts of the country. Just record them to make it a proof, make a complaint and strictly follow up.

Shri K.V.BalasubrmanianDy.Manager(Finance)

SRO-Coimbatore NTC

10. USE OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIVE MODELS CAN BE OF GREAT HELP IN THIS COUNTRY

A common database connected to multiple points of service can provide transparency and competition.

Eliminating the monopoly of a designated service point can itself reduce corruption. Computerization of land record is a long-standing example of the effective use of technology.

Digitization, a central database and the ability to get an authenticated printout of ownership from multiple points have together made the process easy and corruption-free.

Corruption in schemes like MGNREGA can be minimized by using the unique identity (Aadhaar) to transfer funds to be beneficiary and to match worker and recipient.

Aadhaar could be used in the food (PDS) and other subsidy schemes to ensure minimal misuse, as also in transitioning to cash transfer of subsidies. The use of Aadhaar and creation of publicly-accessible databases will ensure transparency and, along with independent social audits, can make corruption difficult.

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Collusive corruption, like crony capitalism, seems pervasive and is more difficult to contain, since the parties involved are both gainers. Transparency, RTI and protection to whistle-blowers are possible safeguards.

Systemic changes, with clear procedures and minimal discretion, will also help, as will technology-based e-procurement and e-auctions. We will need to use technology for efficiency and transparency.

However, since those involved in collusion are clever, tackling such corruption will not be easy. Integrity, ethics, professionalism and social sanctions are probably the ultimate solution. Till then, we need to turn to technology.

Technology too is no magic bullet, but can provide transparency, access and efficiency, and be transformational. It can be a strategic tool to prevent corruption; plugging the leak, rather than trying to continuously bail out water. It is high time that we brought technology centre-stage in the fight against corruption.

(Shri A.N.Bajpai)Assistant ManagerHead Office NTC

11. THERE ARE MULTIPLE WAYS IN WHICH ICTs CAN CONTRIBUTE TO IDENTIFY AND REDUCE CORRUPTION AND BRIBERY

Tech. innovations can be used by governments to improve the efficiency and transparency and to better communicate with and provide information to citizens.

It can also be used by citizens and civil society to raise awareness about the issue of corruption to report abuses, to collect data and to monitor government activities.

The use of ICTs to fight corruption has increasingly served as an avenue to bring the tech. community closer to activists and civil society through the phenomenon of “hackathons”.

Tech. provides effective new channels to report administrative abuses and corruption and facilitate the lodging of complaints. Reporting can be done via websites, hotlines or phone applications that solicit and aggregate citizens’ experience of corruption, Perhaps most renowned corruption reporting website is Janaagraha Centre for citizenship’s ipaidbribe.com. Through this one can report on the nature, no, pattern, types, location, frequency and values of actual corrupt acts that they experienced.

Reporting electoral fraud: Mobile phone reports have also been adapted for citizens election monitoring. There is an independent hotline in Uganda which allows citizens to report problems, fraud and irregularities during the electoral process.

Data collection: In parallel to online reporting ICTs can be used to collect and aggregate data to make certain arguments more compelling.

Citizen mobilization: ICTs can also be used for citizen mobilization and awareness raising campaigns. Mobile applications can be designed to reach the majority of mobile subscribers through outreach/publicity campaigns using SMS.

ICTs can also be used to mobilize people and raise awareness through art.

Govt. Citizen Interactions: ICTs can also be used to promote more direct interactions between governments and citizens and empower citizens to influence local governance in their constituency through the use of SMS and Web.

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E-government initiatives: ICTs are increasingly used by Governments all over the world to deliver government information and services to citizens, to enhance the efficiency and transparency of public administration and to better interact with citizens.

E-procurement was one of the 1st applications of ICTs in govt. activities. E-procurement is the replacement of paper based procedures with ICTs throughout the procurement processes. E-procurement can reduce administrative costs, speed up the process, increase transparency, facilitate monitoring, encourage cross-border competition and support the development of a centralized procurement administration.

E-taxation: Government also uses ICTs for tax collection and payment, with the objective of making the system more transparent and efficient and to cut out potential corrupt tax collectors.

E-Judiciary: ICTs offer considerable potential to improve the way the judiciary operates both nationally (filing, archiving, protection of evidence, reporting, traceability) and internationally (International judicial cooperation training). E-judiciary has helped make workflows more efficient and court proceedings more transparent.

Electronic identification. New technologies have been used to modernize the process of citizen identification and distribution of social services and benefits. The digitalization of the procedure to obtain an identity card, E-ID cards and biometric proof of identity captured in electronic authentication mechanisms can have the potential to make the system more accessible, transparent and accountable.

(Shri D.P.Singh)P.A. Head office

12. HOW NTC LTD MAY USE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION FOR CAMPAIGNING, STAKEHOLDERS MOBILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT INTERACTION

Stakeholder’s mobilizationICTs can also be used for stakeholder’s mobilisation and awareness raising campaigns. Mobile applications can be designed to reach the majority of supplier’s mobiles through outreach/publicity campaigns using SMS.

Management-Supplier interactionsICTs can also be used to promote more direct interactions between management and suppliers and empower suppliers to influence Regional Offices in their locality through the use of SMS and the Web.

E-Management initiativesICTs are increasingly used by management all over the country to deliver management information and services to stakeholder, to enhance efficiency and transparency of administration and to better interact with parties. Numerous e-management initiatives have been successfully implemented in the last decade and the a few examples are:

E-procurement

E-procurement was one of the first applications of ICTs in e-governance activities. E-procurement is the placement of paper-based procedures with ICTs throughout the procurement processes. E-procurement can reduce administrative costs, speed up the process, increase transparency, facilitate monitoring, encourage cross-border competition and support the development of a centralised procurement administration.

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E-Commerce

Management also use ICTs for party’s collection and payment, with the objective of making the system more transparent and efficient, and to cut out potential corrupt collectors. E-commerce has been implemented in countries throughout the world, which is equivalent to 80% of the United Nations’ member states.

E-governance

ICTs offer considerable potential to improve the way the HR practices both internally (filing, archiving, protection of records, reporting, grievances, traceability) and Externally (Inter unit cooperation, training). E-governance has helped make workflows more efficient and HR practice proceedings more transparent.

Electronic identification

New technologies have been used to modernise the process of workforce identification and distribution of wages & salaries benefits. The digitalisation of the procedure to obtain an identity card, EMP-ID cards and biometric proof of identity captured in electronic authentication mechanisms can have the potential to make the system more accessible, transparent and accountable. Such initiatives can reduce muster roll corruption risks in the distribution of wages & salaries benefits.

Financial transactions

The Better than Cash Alliance, uniting supplier’s as well as the market community, is advocating for organisations to carry out their transaction, wages & salaries, other payments and distribution of benefits in electronic form.

(C.Balasubramanian)Assistant Manager

SRO-Coimbatore

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COMBATING CORRUPTION BY LEVERAGING TECHNOLOGY

Sharing Experience By Sh. Prabhat , IRPS (EX-CVO IREDA)

WHY BOTHER ?

= 62% Indians had first hand experience of paying bribes or influence peddling to get jobs done.

(2005 study by Transparency International )

= In 2012, India ranked 94th out of 176 countries by TI’s Corruption Perception Index tied with Columbia, Greece, Moldova, Mongolia etc.

= Global Financial Integrity Report of 2010 estimates that during 1948 to 2008- India lost US $ 213 billions i.e. $ 462 billions at 2010 rates, $ 8 billions per year, $7 per capita per year

= Scams like 2G, CWG, Adarsh Housing Society, Coalgate, A location of iron ore mining etc. retards economic growth to corruption in India

= C K Prahlad estimates lost opportunity in investment, growth and jobs - is over $ 50 billions a year

DEFINITION OF CORRUPTION “Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. It hurts everyone who depends on the integrity of people in a position of authority”

Transparency International Impact of Corruption

Corruption is:

Anti-national (Hawala/Smuggling etc.) Anti-poor (PDS/diversion of subsidy/non

availability of Public Services) Anti development (Mines/Infrastructure

etc.)

Causes of corruption

The major causes of corruption as identified by Santhanam Committee

constituted by the Central Government are:

Red tapism & Administrative delay Unnecessary regulations Scope of personal discretion Cumbersome procedures Scarcity of goods & services Lack of transparency.

TECHNOLOGY: AN ENABLER TO FIGHT CORRUPTION (CASE STUDIES/EXAMPLES) Railway reservation system

IT refund - CPC

Land Revenue Records in Karnataka (Bhoomi)

E-auction/Reverse auction

E-procurement

INDIAN RAILWAY PASSENGER RESERVATION SYSTEM Reservation Registers Differentialy long queue Remote reservation: Telegram Rigid

timing Limited Ticketing Locations Computerized data Distributed queueOnward/return reservation from all

counters Extended timings Flexibility of booking from Anywhere

on internet

ONLINE INCOME TAX RETURNS FILING No queues No papers Anytime anywhere No persuasion required Automatic refunds Refund goes directly to Bank Account

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BHOOMI On-line delivery and management of

land records in Karnataka. Transparency in land records management

Takes discretion away from civil servants at operating levels.

The bhoomi has computerized 20 mi lion records of land ownership of 6.7 million farmers in the state.

Farmers can now access the database. A printed copy of the RTC (Land and

ownership details) can be obtained online at computerized land record kiosk, for a fee of Rs. 15.

A farmer can apply and check the status of a mutation application on touch screen kiosks.

If the revenue inspector does not complete the mutation within 45 days, a farmer can now approach a senior officer person with their grievance

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF CORRUPTION C= M+D-A Where C =Corruption, M =Monopoly, D =Discretionary Powers, and A =Accountability. Indicates: The greater the opportunity for economic

rent /monopoly, the larger the potential for corruption.

The greater the discretionary powers granted to public officials, the greater the potential for corruption .

However the more public officials are held accountable, the more unlikely they will engage in corrupt activities.

( Klitgaard Mode l,1988 )

HOW TO MINIMIZE CORRUPTION Transparency Simple procedure Simple Rules Less human interaction Time bound Services Educating Stakeholders

SIMPLE, MORAL, ACCOUNTABLE, RESPONSIVE and TRANSPARENT i.e., SMART Governance EDUCATE STAKE HOLDERS

ABOUT PROCEDURES

FACILITATION/HELP DESK

COMPLAINT MECHANISM

PREPARE LITERATURE/MANUALS

PERIODICALLY UPDATE THEM

HOST THEM ON WEBSITE

SHARING OF EXPERIENCE :HR Workflows RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement) Intimation through SMS Inventory Management Vendor Payment Loan Disbursement Vigilance management Dak and File Management Business Processes C o m m u n i c a t i o n / K n o w l e d g e

Management (News/Circulars/Best Practices)

HR WORKFLOWS APAR/ACR APR INTIMATION/PERMISSION FOR

TRANSACTION IN MOVABLE/IMMOVABLE

LEAVE MANAGEMENT TOUR PROGRAM REIMBURSEMENT OF TELEPHONE

BILLS REIMBURSEMENT OF MEDICAL

EXPENSESHBA VEHICLE ADVANCE ATTENDANCE MANAGEMENT

ADVANTAGES OF HR WORKFLOWS

Paperless/ environment friendly

No case of lost claim/application

Date/time stamped

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Permanent record

Saves time: no need to physically submit claims/application

Transparent

VIGILANCE Vigilance complaint handling system Vigilance clearance

ONLINE INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Inventory module is to cater / cover

following functionalities: Procurement of goods Receipt / issuance of goods /Indent

request Request approval (work-flow) Stock maintenance MIS reports

VENDOR PAYMENT AND MONITORING Process start from receipt of bills in

corporate office Bill is tracked in the Dak Management

system The dealing official processes bill in the

concerned file Further movement tracked through File

Management System J V details

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM Centralized Automated Payment

Management Methodology Standardization Workflow Control Based on the input of bank details,

RTGS request letter to the bank will be generated automatically from the system in case of payment through RTGS/NEFT.

Time saving in payment process. Intimation to the vendor through SMS &

Email.

BENEFITS OF THE SYSTEM: Any individual bill can be tracked Anyone can see what Bills are pending

with whom and for how many days Average time taken for passing Bills Saves time (Account Data taken from data

bank for existing Vendors/Suppliers)Alerts for delay in processing

IMPACT OF VENDOR PAYMENT MONITORING SYSTEM = The average time taken for passing and

release of Vendor/Supplier bills was reduced from 28 days to 7 days

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ERP as a Measure of Control, Management and Vigilance in a Commercial Organisation-

Presentation by Sh. Krishna Menon, Godrej Infotech, Mumbai

Requirement of Vigilance

Preventive Punitive Surveillance Issues where ERP helps Vigilance

= Preventive

- Bringing transparency

- Simplifying procedures (BPR)

- Minimize Human interaction

- Time bound Services

- Making available real-time documents and Processors

= Surveillance and detection - Making available outputs of ERP and in the form of

MIS Reports

Keybenefits

= Standardization of business processes in an Organization improved visibility of data

= Elimination of duplication of information and process

= Reduce operating costs – lower inventory, production,

marketing costs

= Instant and timely information for top management enabling faster

decision making

SALES

PURCHASE

INVENTORY

POS

PAYR OLL

CASH MANAGEMENT

MICRO SOFT NAV

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Major points of control

= Vendor creation - Vendor information,

Duplicate vendor creation

= Determination of Rates. – Rates finalized to be

ensured in PO

= Quantity acceptance – Quantity to be

accepted in GRN

= Payment to Vendors - Determination of due

date with Credit days, to ensure payment as per terms.

Major points of control

= Customer creation – Customer information, Duplicate Customer creation

= Determination of Rates. – Rates to be as per quote and finalized with customer

= Approval process – Order approval to ensure delivery and invoicing as per customer requirements

= Sales delivery as per requirement of customer – Delivery of materials as per the customer packing

= Payment from customer – Planning the cash flow as per the inflow from customer.

Financial process & control= Cash management =Managing working capital with visibility of inflow and outflow= Depreciation = Ensuring compliance of depreciation reporting= Statutory compliance = Ensuring compliance of all statutory requirements like Excise, VAT, Service tax, TDS, etc.

CCIC implementation= Audit Trail for Each and every Business Transaction= Maintenance of Supplier and Customer masters= Item coding for all items= Segregation of Purchases against Whole sale / Customer / ISD/IDS/Approval

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= Information of Sales requirement to Purchase Dept. ensuring timely procurement

= Authorization process for Purchase Orders with Budget

= Accurate Vendor outstanding and Customers Outstanding

= Inventory movement control with optimum stock

= Gate entry

= Tracking of Slow moving items

= Automation of Sales return process

= Price change control

= Generation of bar code labels in Detailed way

= Production charges control

= Inventory tracking at Fabricators against Security Money

= Inventory tracking at Each Location at any point of Time

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Names of the participants who

submitted Slogans during the Vigilance Awareness

Week 2014 at HHEC

1. Shri R. Govindarajan, FM

2. Smt. Vijay Patni, Hindi Officer

3. Smt. D. Devikadevi, OM, Chennai

4. Shri Prabhu, MT

5. Shri Abhishek Saxena, MT (Mktg)

6. Shri Praveen Kumar, MT(Mktg)

7. Shri Salman Ansari, MT

8. Smt. Jaita Kumari, MT(Mktg)

9. Shri Soumya Ranjan Swain, MT

10. Ms. Ashta Aggarwal, MT(Mktg)

11. Miss Manavi Mahajan, Grade I

12. Shri Santosh kumar, Tailor

13. Shri Abdul Wahab, Jr. Driver

14. Shri Ravi Kant

15. Shri Ramanugrah Singh, Helper

16. Shri Ramesh Chand, Consultant

17. Shri Sukhvir Singh, Driver

Names of the participants who

submitted Slogans during the Vigilance Awareness

Week 2014 at CCIC

01. Smt. Babita Deshwal, AM, Delhi

02. Shri Amit Arora, AM, Delhi

03. Shri Vinay Aggarwal, AM, Delhi

04. Smt. Deepti Bajaj, AM, Delhi

05. Smt. Lekha Suryan, AM, Bengaluru

06. Shri Manoj Kumar, AM, Delhi

07. Smt. Sindhu Ramchandaran, AM, Chennai

08. Shri M.K. Bhera, DM, Chennai

09. Smt. V.J. Sridevi, AM, Chennai

10. Smt. M. Madhuri, AM, Chennai

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SELECTED SLOGANS1. Root out corruption before it roots in

you

2. Start Co-operation to end Corruption

3. Corruption is like playing snake and ladder the corrupter should be ready to slide down at any stage

4. On this planet there is enough for everyone’s need, but not for their greed

5. Corruption creates attraction, but its end is destruction Not just charity, even corruption begins at home

6. Desh Ke Vikas Dar Ko Hai Badhana, Bhrashtachar Ko Jadmul Se Hoga Mitana

7. Power does not corrupt. Fear corrupts…perhaps the fear of a loss of power

8. A Society educated with technology will bury the corruption and corrupt people in the graveyard

9. Use of technology brings transparency in the system which eradicate corruption

10. Decentralization of power and reduction in documentation is the key idea to fight against corruption

11. Technology is just a medium to

eradicate corruption, but our faith and willpower says how and when to use it.

12. The worst affected from corruption is the common man.

13. In a state where corruption abounds, laws must be numerous.

14. The duty of youth is to challenge corruption.

15. Be proud to say – No to Corruption

16. We the common man are the only reason for corruption, we are the solution too.

17. Tired of hearing “India is a developing country”, stop corruption make India a developed country

18. The inherent corruption of man can bring down the best system

19. When buying and selling are controlled by legislation, the first things bought and sold are legislators. An end to corruption is my plan, if you join me friends, I’m sure we can.”

20. No Corruption and No Tension

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36

V I G - GYA N

March 2015

Corporate Gifts

THE HANDICRAFTS & HANDLOOMS EXPORTS CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD. &The Central Cottage Industries Corporation of India Limted

Ministry of Textiles, Government of India

March, 2015

VIG-GYAN (An In –House Magazine on Vigilance Administration in PSEs),p,pbZlh

COTTAGE

®

VIGILANCEVIGILANCEVIGILANCE

Showroom & Shops of HHEC & CCIC Dilli Haat, I.N.A. Market

Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi – 110 023

Phone/Fax : 011-24674403

National Museum Shop

Janpath, New Delhi – 110 001

Phone : 011-23062687, Fax : 011-23019821

LOTA Shop

Pragati Maidan, Bhairon Marg

New Delhi – 110 001

Phone/Fax : 011-23371269

Salarjung Museum Shop

22-8-299 to 320, Salarjung Museum Complex

Darul Shafa to Naya Pool Road, Afzalgunj

Hyderabad – 500002

Phone : 040-24572558

Patna Museum Shop

Budh Marg, Patna, Bihar – 800001

Phone : 0612-2200039

Sona of India

Rajiv Gandhi Hastshilp Bhawan

Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi

Phone : 011-23748005

SWASTI – A Shop by HHEC

Indira Gandhi National centre for the Arts

Janpath, New Delhi – 110001

Phone : 011-23385470

HHEC : Souvenir Shop

Patna, Bihar, Buddha Smriti Park

Phone : 0612-2200039

CCIC New DelhiJawahar Vyapar Bhawan, Janpath,New Delhi - 110 001011-23320439, 23326790

CCIC New Delhi10, Rajiv Gandhi Handicrafts Bhawan,Baba Kharak Singh Marg,New Delhi - 110 001011- 23365611

CCIC Mumbai34, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Marg, Mumbai - 400 039022-22828876, 22027537

CCIC MumbaiGround Floor, Indian Globe Chambers,LIC Building,(Near CST Station), D.N Road,Fort,, Mumbai - 400 001022-22850753

CCIC Kolkata7, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Chowringhee, Kolkata - 700 013033-22283205, 22446072

CCIC Bengaluru144, M. G. Road, Bengaluru - 560 001080- 25584084, 25584083

CCIC ChennaiTemple Tower, Anna Salai, Nandanam, Chennai - 600 035044- 24330226, 24330809

CCIC Hyderabad1st Floor, GMC Balayogi Paryatak Bhawan, Tourism Plaza,Greeanland Cross Road, Begumpet, Hyderabad-500016

THIS IS NOT

THE END

VIGILANCE BEGINS WITH YOU