marcel breuer: design and architecture · 7/31/2010 · marcel breuer: design and architecture...
Transcript of marcel breuer: design and architecture · 7/31/2010 · marcel breuer: design and architecture...
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Brutalismthe architecture
we love to hate
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Unite d’Habitation
Le Corbusier
Marseilles
1947-52
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John Ruskin, 1819-1900 Le Corbusier, 1887-1965
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“The architecture of the North is rude and wild...it is in this
very character that it deserves our profoundest reverence.”
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Beton brut + Reyner Banham = “Brutalism”
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“...decided to recognise that concrete starts life as a
messy soup of suspended dusts, grits and
slumpy aggregate, mixed and poured under
conditions subject to the vagaries of weather and
human fallibility, and left to harden in formwork
whose carpentry rarely (in France) attained the level of
precision required in the construction of a garden fence.”
Banham
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Barbican Estates, London
Chamberlin, Powell and Bon
1965-76
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Urban Brutalism
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Brutal Urbanism
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urban indifference syndrome
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HUD plaza landscape
Martha Scwartz
1998
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“At the present point in architectural history...one might say
that no other material has the potential for such complete
and convincing fusion between structure,
enclosure, and surface; between architecture and
detail; between the minute great form and the great
small particle.”
Breuer
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Architectural Record, April 1966
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“...the skin of the building—has again requested new answers to its problems…”
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“Massive plasticity and coarse surfaces”
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“Massive plasticity and coarse surfaces”
Expressed structure
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“Massive plasticity and coarse surfaces”
Expressed structure
“Fusion of structure, enclosure, surface”
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“Massive plasticity and coarse surfaces”
Expressed structure
“Fusion of structure, enclosure, surface”
Monolithic material
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“Massive plasticity and coarse surfaces”
Expressed structure
“Fusion of structure, enclosure, surface”
Monolithic material
Texture, rather than ornament
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Contextual Brutalism
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• Gets a plaque
• Restored
• Saved in the nick of time
• Demolished
• Benignly neglected
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
Mid-Century Modern Architecture Index
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Brutalismthe architecture
we love...