Maps, mashups and metadata:geospatial standards for access and retrieval

Chris Fleet, National Library of Scotland

Maps, mashups and metadata :geospatial standards for access and retrieval

1. Geo 2.0 - geospatial applications and data

2. Organisations

3. StandardsWeb Map ServiceTile Map Service

4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping- selected examples


1843 mapping mashups (January 2009)

http://www.programmableweb.com/tag/mapping

Everything 2.0 - 273 Geo 2.0 initiatives

http://bobstumpel.blogspot.com/search/label/GEO 2.0

2. Open source spatial organisations

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) - an international consortium of companies, government agencies and universities who collaborate to develop publicly available interface specifications. eg. Web Map Service.(www.opengeospatial.org )

The Open Source Geospatial Foundation, or OSGeo, is a not-for-profit organisation whose mission is to support and promote the collaborative development of open geospatial technologies and data. eg. Tile Map Service. OpenLayers (openlayers.org)

(www.osgeo.org )


3. Standards

OGC’s Web Map Service

(www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wms)

OSGeo’s Tile Map Service

(wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Tile_Map_Service_Specification)

KML (Keyhole Markup Language)

(code.google.com/apis/kml/documentation/)

Javascript / AJAX


3. Standards - OGC’s Web Map Service

WMS defines standard protocols for requesting geo-referenced mapping as a URL string:

http://geo.nls.uk/wmsconnector/com.esri.wms.Esrimap?SERVICE=WMS&VERSION=1.1.1&REQUEST=GetMap&LAYERS=Scotland_Small,OS_Quarter,Bart_Half,OS_Popular&STYLES=&SRS=EPSG:4326&BBOX= -9.25805308169, 54.4515932002, -0.605194997975, 60.8904036625

&WIDTH=900&HEIGHT=900&FORMAT=image/png&reaspect=false


3. Standards - OGC’s Web Map Service

The Google maps API can easily display an overlay through WMS requests:

// WMS Server address

var WMS_NLS = 'http://geo.nls.uk:80/wmsconnector/com.esri.wms.Esrimap?';

// Create WMSSpec

var NLS = createWMSSpec(WMS_NLS, 'NLS', 'NLS', 'Scotland_Small,OS_Quarter,Bart_Half,OS_Popular,36,37,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,67,55,56,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,36,57,68,69,70', 'default','image/jpeg', "1.1.1");

// Create a transparent overlay on a Google MapSpec

var G_MAP_NLS = createWMSOverlaySpec(G_NORMAL_MAP, NLS, "Historic", "Historic");

// var map = new GMap(document.getElementById("map"), mapSpecs);

map.addMapType(G_MAP_NLS);


NLS WMS delivering 1930s historical mapping:

(geo.nls.uk/os6inch/google.html)

http://geo.nls.uk/os6inch/google.html

Gazetteer for Scotland – mashup using NLS’ Web Map Service layers

(www.geo.ed.ac.uk/scotgaz/gaztitle.html)

3. Standards - OSGeo’s Tile Map Service

Much faster results by pre-creating tiles using the Tile Map Service


(www.maptiler.org/google-maps-coordinates-tile-bounds-projection/)

http://www.maptiler.org/google-maps-coordinates-tile-bounds-projection/

Tiles of Bartholomew half-inch and OS Popular edition 1930s mosaics

http://geo.nls.uk/maps/small/7/62/88.png

3. Standards - OSGeo’s Tile Map Service

Much faster results by pre-creating tiles using the Tile Map Service

Format:

server-and-url/zoom/x/y.png

eg. http://geo.nls.uk/maps/11/1092/1397.png

Javascript in Google maps file: var tilelayer = new GTileLayer(GCopyrightCollection(''), mapMinZoom, mapMaxZoom); var mercator = new GMercatorProjection(mapMaxZoom+1); tilelayer.getTileUrl = function(tile,zoom) { if ((zoom < mapMinZoom) || (zoom > mapMaxZoom)) { return "/img/none.png"; } var ymax = 1 << zoom; var y = ymax - tile.y -1; var tileBounds = new GLatLngBounds( mercator.fromPixelToLatLng( new GPoint( (tile.x)*256, (tile.y+1)*256 ) , zoom ), mercator.fromPixelToLatLng( new GPoint( (tile.x+1)*256, (tile.y)*256 ) , zoom ) ); if (mapBounds.intersects(tileBounds)) { return zoom+"/"+tile.x+"/"+y+".png"; } else { return "/img/none.png"; } }


MapTiler - open source overlay generator (www.maptiler.org/)

MapCruncher – map geo-referencing and tiling tool

(research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/projects/mapcruncher/)

(geo.nls.uk/maps/glasgow1857/openlayers.html)

http://geo.nls.uk/maps/glasgow1857/openlayers.html

Landscape, Environment & History MSc course – Edinburgh University

Google maps mashup with historical NLS maps of Edinburgh

(geo.nls.uk/maps/newpopular/google.html)

http://geo.nls.uk/maps/newpopular/google_heathrow.html

(geo.nls.uk/maps/lomond_gdal/googlemaps.html)

http://geo.nls.uk/maps/lomond_gdal/googlemaps.html

4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping – selected examples

Geo-referenced MARC authority records

DIGMAP

Geo-referenced source mapping

WMS Get Capabilities and TMS tilemapresource.xml

MapSynthesizer

CygNUS


USERS INFORMATION

indexed database records - locations

Gazetteers - eg. addresses - burghs

placenames - parishes

counties counties

postcodes geo-referenced historical maps

Maps - zoomable geographic Catalogue subject headings

interface etc. / auto-geo-referencing

(current and historical maps)

Geographical

Co-ordinates

Eg. Points

or Regions

Geo-referenced search and retrieval using co-ordinates

4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping


4.1. Authority records for Minnesota Authority record for Minnesota: n 79021675

035 -- ‡a (OCoLC)oca00255473 040 -- ‡a DLC ‡b eng ‡c DLC ‡d DLC ‡d WaU 043 -- ‡a n-us-mn 151 -- ‡a Minnesota 667 -- ‡a AACR 1 form: Minnesota. 781 -0 ‡z Minnesota 034 for the bounding box would be: 034 -- ‡d W097.5000 ‡e W089.0000 ‡f N049.5000 ‡g N043.0000 $2 [code for Minnesota Geographic Data Clearinghouse]

Authority record for Todd County, Minn.: 81093353 035 -- ‡a (OCoLC)oca00638538 040 -- ‡a DLC ‡b eng ‡c DLC ‡d WaU 043 -- ‡a n-us-mn 151 -- ‡a Todd County (Minn.) 451 -- ‡w nnaa ‡a Todd Co., Minn. 781 -0 ‡z Minnesota ‡z Todd County 034 for the bounding box would be: 034 -- ‡d W095.1400 ‡e W094.6500 ‡f N046.3800 ‡g N045.7600 $2 [code for Minnesota Geographic Data Clearinghouse]


DIGMAP Project - Discovering our Past World with Digitised Maps eContentplus Project: 2005-8 (portal.digmap.eu/)

4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping – selected examples


DIGMAP

Geo-referenced source mapping

WMS Get Capabilities and TMS tilemapresource.xml

MapSynthesizer

CygNUS


4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping - WMS GetCapabilitieseg. http://geo.nls.uk/wmsconnector/com.esri.wms.Esrimap/NLS?Request=GetCapabilities

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE WMT_MS_Capabilities SYSTEM "http://schemas.opengis.net/wms/1.1.1/WMS_MS_Capabilities.dtd"><WMT_MS_Capabilities version="1.1.1">

<Service><Name>OGC:WMS</Name><Title>Web Map Service NLS</Title><Abstract>ArcIMS 9.2.0 NLS Web Map Service</Abstract><KeywordList><Keyword>ArcIMS</Keyword></KeywordList>

<OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://193.130.15.4:80/wmsconnector/com.esri.wms.Esrimap/NLS?" xlink:type="simple"/>

cont…


4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping - WMS GetCapabilities<ContactInformation><ContactPersonPrimary><ContactPerson/><ContactOrganization/></ContactPersonPrimary><ContactPosition/><ContactAddress><AddressType>postal</AddressType><Address/><City/><StateOrProvince/><PostCode/><Country/></ContactAddress><ContactVoiceTelephone/><ContactFacsimileTelephone/><ContactElectronicMailAddress/></ContactInformation><Fees>none</Fees>

cont…


4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping - WMS GetCapabilities<Name>0</Name><Title>Mini</Title><SRS>EPSG:4326</SRS><LatLonBoundingBox minx="-9.4974214273" miny="49.7666002469" maxx="3.6338914748" maxy="61.5821267789"/></Layer>

<Name>1</Name><Title>Scotland_Small</Title><SRS>EPSG:4326</SRS><LatLonBoundingBox minx="-8.8991773696" miny="54.3197736752" maxx="-0.0406149313" maxy="61.0333698894"/></Layer>

cont…


4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping – TMS tilemapresource.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <TileMap version="1.0.0" tilemapservice="http://tms.osgeo.org/1.0.0"> <Title> Ordnance Survey 1:1056 Town Plan of Edinburgh mosaic, 1876-7</Title> <Abstract /> <SRS>EPSG:900913</SRS> <BoundingBox minx="55.92116542336204" miny="-3.24989585974644" maxx="55.99966056322133" maxy="-3.12835862947301" /> <Origin x="55.92116542336204" y="-3.24989585974644" /> <TileFormat width="256" height="256" mime-type="image/png" extension="png" /> <TileSets profile="mercator"> <TileSet href="11" units-per-pixel="292.45173230329510" order="11" /> <TileSet href="12" units-per-pixel="584.90346460659021" order="12" /> <TileSet href="13" units-per-pixel="1169.80692921318040" order="13" /> <TileSet href="14" units-per-pixel="2339.61385842636080" order="14" /> <TileSet href="15" units-per-pixel="4679.22771685272160" order="15" /> <TileSet href="16" units-per-pixel="9358.45543370544330" order="16" /> <TileSet href="17" units-per-pixel="18716.91086741088700" order="17" /> <TileSet href="18" units-per-pixel="37433.82173482177300" order="18" /> <TileSet href="19" units-per-pixel="74867.64346964354600" order="19" /> <TileSet href="20" units-per-pixel="149735.28693928709000" order="20" /> </TileSets> </TileMap>


MapSynthesizer “a prototype user interface for browsing, searching, and discovering information in a world with millions of maps online”

(research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/jelson/mapcruncher/mapsynthesizer/)

‘Connecting Your Geographies’ (CYGnus) Project - “Getting beyond the silos”

‘Connecting Your Geographies’ (CYGnus) Project - Technical Overview

http://maps.google.com/maps?q=http://cygnus.geos.ed.ac.uk/cgi_bin/cygnus.pl?CRS=EN%26x=326760%26y=672785%26sg=400%26grm=1000%26hs=150%26rcahms=150%26nls=100%26par=100




4. Retrieving geo-referenced mapping – GeoTIFF metadataDriver: GTiff/GeoTIFFFiles: c:\Lomond_S_export.tifSize is 6643, 7930Coordinate System is:PROJCS[" Projection Name = Transverse Mercator Units = meters GeoTIFF Units = meters", GEOGCS["OSGB 1936", DATUM["OSGB_1936", SPHEROID["Airy 1830",6377563.396,299.3249646000044, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7001"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","6277"]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0], UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], AUTHORITY["EPSG","4277"]], PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"], PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",49], PARAMETER["central_meridian",-2], PARAMETER["scale_factor",0.999601272], PARAMETER["false_easting",400000], PARAMETER["false_northing",-100000], UNIT["metre",1, AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]]]Origin = (228721.187000000010000,701502.853000000000000)Pixel Size = (3.000000000000000,-3.000000000000000)Metadata: AREA_OR_POINT=Area TIFFTAG_SOFTWARE=IMAGINE TIFF SupportCopyright 1991 - 1999 by ERDAS, Inc. All Rights Reserved@(#)$RCSfile: etif.c $ $Revision: 1.10.1.9.1.9.2.11 $ $Date: 2004/09/15 18:42:01EDT $ TIFFTAG_XRESOLUTION=1 TIFFTAG_YRESOLUTION=1 TIFFTAG_RESOLUTIONUNIT=1 (unitless)Image Structure Metadata: INTERLEAVE=PIXELCorner Coordinates:Upper Left ( 228721.187, 701502.853) ( 4d45'34.02"W, 56d10'31.42"N)Lower Left ( 228721.187, 677712.853) ( 4d44'39.21"W, 55d57'42.74"N)Upper Right ( 248650.187, 701502.853) ( 4d26'19.41"W, 56d10'55.71"N)Lower Right ( 248650.187, 677712.853) ( 4d25'30.96"W, 55d58'6.83"N)Center ( 238685.687, 689607.853) ( 4d35'30.87"W, 56d 4'19.55"N)Band 1 Block=64x64 Type=Byte, ColorInterp=RedBand 2 Block=64x64 Type=Byte, ColorInterp=GreenBand 3 Block=64x64 Type=Byte, ColorInterp=Blue


Geo-referenced map information - GeoTIFF

coordinates

WMS

TMS

Mashup

Future standards

?

Prioritise long-term geo-referenced map information for multiple outputs

Driver: GTiff/GeoTIFFFiles: c:\Lomond_S_export.tifSize is 6643, 7930Coordinate System is:PROJCS[" Projection Name = Transverse

Mercator Units = meters GeoTIFF Units = meters",

GEOGCS["OSGB 1936", DATUM["OSGB_1936", SPHEROID["Airy

1830",6377563.396,299.3249646000044, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7001"]], AUTHORITY["EPSG","6277"]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0], UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433], AUTHORITY["EPSG","4277"]],etc.!

NLS Historical Map Overlays

(geo.nls.uk/maps)

Maps, mashups and metadata:geospatial standards for access and retrieval

Technology

Transcript of Maps, mashups and metadata:geospatial standards for access and retrieval