Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald...
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![Page 1: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Map Projections in the Map Projections in the AntarcticAntarctic
GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Reference Systems
Tom McDonaldTom McDonald31603723160372
![Page 2: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Map ProjectionsMap Projections
• The representation of the earth or another bodies surface on a plane.
• As a sphere can not be laid out flat there will be distortions with any projection.
• Using different projections will provide different distortions
![Page 3: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Polar StereographicPolar Stereographic
• Polar Stereographic are from a planar perspective
• South pole viewed from the North pole
• True scale is due to the standard parallel
• For a 1:20 million scale the standard meridian is 71°S
![Page 4: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Polar StereographicPolar Stereographic
![Page 5: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Universal Transverse Mercator Universal Transverse Mercator
• The UTM is a cylindrical projection that is divided into 60 zones
• Each zone is 6° and has its own central meridian
• This projection has a limit of 80°S
![Page 6: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Lambert Conformal Conic Lambert Conformal Conic
• Based on two standard parallels
• It can represent the pole as a point
• Its good for medium to large scale mapping
![Page 8: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Satellite ImagerySatellite Imagery
• AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer is an instrument that can be used on satellites to capture images
• AVHRR does not have a specific projection so a polar stereographic projection is applied using the coast line as control
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Satellite ImagerySatellite Imagery
• Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) captures images with a resolution of 68m x 82m for MSS and 30m x 30m for TM
• Has its own projection the Spatial Oblique Mercator
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Spatial Oblique Mercator Spatial Oblique Mercator
• Shape is accurate to a few parts per million
• Area varies by less than 0.02 percent • Minimal distortion of direction• Distance has a true scale along the
ground track and varies approximately 0.01%
• The only projection that takes into account the rotation of the earth
![Page 11: Map Projections in the Antarctic GMAT 2700 - Geometry of Coordinate Reference Systems Tom McDonald 3160372.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649e795503460f94b79925/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
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ConclusionConclusion
• Due to the unique position of Antarctica different map projections must be used
• These projection limit the distortions that would occur if the conventional projections were used