Manuel des Nouveautés - ALPI | Software

Guide to New Features

Caneco BT Version 5.4

Electrical installation calculations and schematics www.caneco.eu January 2012

http://www.caneco.eu/

ALPI - 2012 Guide to new features in Caneco BT v5.4 ©

Reference Manual Supply section 3

Contents

1 Supply 5

1.1 Supply section 5 1.2 Network section 6 1.3 ‘Add-on’ tabs 7 1.4 Results 8

2 Creating a new project from an existing project 9

3 Board 11

3.1 ‘UPS’ tab 11 3.2 ‘Options’ tab 11 3.3 Busbar trunking system 12 3.4 LV/LV transformer 12

4 Detailed circuit data entry and calculation 13

4.1 ‘Additional data’ tab 13 4.2 ‘Select circuit-breaker from catalogue’ window 15 4.3 Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue 16

5 Motor feed with regulator 19

6 Handling UR (Ultra-rapid) fuses 21

6.1 Data entry 21 6.2 Specific details of the processing 22 6.3 Co-ordination of aR fuses with another protective device 25

7 Circuit-breaker/switch co-ordination 27

7.1 General rule 27 7.2 Application in Caneco BT 28

8 Power requirement 33

9 Organizing style list 35

10 Schematic 37

10.1 Terminal numbering 37

11 Manufacturers files 39

11.1 Manufacturers file selection window 39 11.2 Displaying the manufacturers’ databases 39

12 Preferences 41

12.1 ‘Directories’ tab 41

13 Calculation Options 43

13.1 ‘Calculation’ tab 43 13.2 ‘Protection’ tab 44 13.3 ‘Cables’ tab 44

14 Glossary 45

14.1 Supply glossary 45 14.2 Circuit glossary 46 14.3 Switchboard glossary 48 14.4 UPS glossary 48


Reference Manual Supply section 5

1 Supply

1.1 Supply section

1.1.1 Number of supplies installed in parallel (1)

By default, Caneco BT proposes 1 supply; the user can configure up to 6 identical supplies in parallel. The calculation in Caneco BT only takes into account the number of active supplies (max. and min.) when sizing the installation, the difference between the number of supplies installed and the number of active supplies defines the number of supplies available in the event of the loss of one of the active supplies.

Caneco BT version 5.4 displays supply filenames in plain text (4)

1.1.2 Max. number of supplies active simultaneously (2)

The Ik max values are calculated taking into account the max. number of active supplies in parallel.

1.1.3 Min. number of supplies active simultaneously (3)

The Ik min values are calculated taking into account the min. number of active supplies in parallel. Displaying active supplies in CanecoBT v5.4 All the supplies installed will be displayed in the network single-line and board single-line diagrams It is possible to display the (max. and min.) number of active supplies by configuring the supply label under the ‘Network single-line’ tab in the ‘Preferences’ window.

4 2 1

3

Guide to new features in Caneco BT v5.4 © ALPI - 2012

6 Network section Reference Manual

The result of configuring the supply label makes it possible to view the min. and max. numbers of active supplies.

1.2 Network section

1.2.1 Harmonics

Selecting harmonic levels. This calculation is applicable for the standard. Harmonics level ≤ 15 % 15 % < Harmonics level ≤ 33 % Harmonics level > 33 %

1.2.2 HV short-circuit power

Updated short-circuit power values are proposed by default in Caneco BT version 5.4

Maximum power SkQ Max: The default value of 433 MVA (the short-circuit power for the 20 kV grid) can be modified. Choose lower values in order to allow for e.g. high-impedance overhead LV lines. This parameter has only a small effect on the Ik calculations.

Minimum power SkQ Min: Default value proposed: 125 MVA Enter a value different from the maximum value where your supply is a transformer supplied at HV and if the HV supply is backed up by alternators. In this case, enter the short-circuit power of these alternators.

1.2.3 Additional factor

Enter the additional permitted current derating factor in accordance with external influences. This factor is not laid down by standards, it is defined by the user.

K loaded neut.: Corresponds to the loaded neutral factor depending on the harmonic level. (applicable depending on the standard)


Reference Manual ‘Add-on’ tabs 7

1.3 ‘Add-on’ tabs

1.3.1 Miscellaneous

Spo: Cross-section of the P0 conductor connecting the HV/LV transformer to the MSB. Caneco BT 5.4 offers the possibility of calculating the Spo according to whether the core is Copper or Aluminium Ra: Earth resistance value at the supply. Ra is only displayed if the earthing system is TT. Contribution from motors: The contribution from motors in the calculation of the Ik Max short-circuit currents is taken into account globally at supply level. In Caneco BT this contribution is achieved in the form of a coefficient (1.00 = no motor contribution), it must be defined by the designer (coefficient between 1 and 2) depending on the power of the motors in the installation.

1.3.2 Options for connection sizing

IB/In ratio: Makes it possible to define the power actually provided by the supply (value expressed in % of the nominal power). This item of information will make it possible to calculate the cross-section for the connection and the thermal trip setting for the MSB.

‘Overloads’ check option: If unchecked, the overload criterion will not be checked

‘Short-circuit’ check option: If unchecked, the short-circuit criterion will not be checked These two options are useful in cases where the supply-MSB connection is imposed and does not have to be verified by Caneco BT.


8 Results Reference Manual

1.4 Results Located in the ‘Results’ / ‘Libraries’ window: ‘Display’ / ‘Calculation results’ menu

1.4.1 SUPPLY IN

Rated current of the supply on load.

1.4.2 Ik3 Max

This is the max. symmetrical 3-phase short-circuit current, at the MSB, used for determining the breaking capacity of the equipment and for calculating the thermal stresses for 3-phase circuits. This value is calculated according to the max. number of active supplies in parallel and the HV grid’s maximum short-circuit power.

1.4.3 Ik2 Max

This is the max. symmetrical 2-phase short-circuit current, at the MSB, used for determining the breaking capacity of the equipment and for calculating the thermal stresses for 2-phase circuits.

1.4.4 Ik1 Max

This is the max. symmetrical single-phase short-circuit current, at the MSB, used for determining the breaking capacity of the equipment and for calculating the thermal stresses for single-phase circuits.

The Max values are calculated according to the max. number of active supplies in // and the HV grid’s maximum short-circuit power.

1.4.5 IK2 Min

These are the min. 2-phase short-circuit currents (IK2: Ik phase-phase), at the MSB, when there is no neutral present.

1.4.6 IK1 Min

This is the min. single-phase short-circuit current (IK1: IK phase-neutral), at the MSB, if there is a neutral.

1.4.7 If

This is the fault short-circuit current (phase–PE), at the MSB, used for checking the personnel protection condition (indirect contact).

The Min and If values are calculated according to the min. number of supplies in // and the HV grid’s minimum short-circuit power.


Reference Manual Results 9

2 Creating a new project from an existing project

This technique is a new feature in version 5.4, it makes it possible to handle a complex project (multiple supplies) in the form of several .afr files.

Existing project

Creating a new project from circuit TD001

Select the switchboard from which you want to continue your installation In order to take into account the switchboard’s N&S characteristics, check “Merge data for incoming N supply with those for S supply to form an N/S switchboard in the new project”


10 Results Reference Manual

Result of creating the project

You can still create a 2

nd supply from the ‘Supply’ menu:

‘Standby Supply’ “New project from”


Reference Manual ‘UPS’ tab 11

3 Board

3.1 ‘UPS’ tab If necessary, the default values will need to be replaced by the manufacturer’s values.

The way inverters are handled in Caneco BT 5.4 takes into account the max. permitted thermal stress (1) for the terminal equipment; this value is given by the manufacturer.

3.2 ‘Options’ tab

3.2.1 Board equipment calculation options

These options make it possible to de-rate equipment ratings according to temperature.

3.2.2 Options for sizing and verification of board circuits

If they are unchecked, these options make it possible to not calculate and not verify the circuits downstream of the switchboard. This is useful, for example, in cases where the circuits are calculated under another standard and one wants to represent them within a Caneco BT project.


12 Busbar trunking system Reference Manual

3.3 Busbar trunking system

K Loaded Neutral Just as for cables, a derating factor may be applied in the event of harmonics (default = 0.84)

3.4 LV/LV transformer

3.4.1 ‘UPS’ tab

From version 5.4, possibility of connecting an inverter (UPS) with an LV/LV transformer.


Reference Manual ‘Additional data’ tab 13

4 Detailed circuit data entry and calculation

4.1 ‘Additional data’ tab

4.1.1 Device 1 section: Protection/Control (1)

K fuse T°C derating Fuse derating factor. This factor may depend on the type of fuse holder. It is mandatory to always enter this, as the nominal rating of UR fuses is given at a Tamb of 20°C, and hence this factor is rarely 1.

Max. permitted I²t (A²/s) The max. permitted I²t for the electronic equipment to be protected on the line. This value should be given by the manufacturer of the equipment to be protected.

Fuse size It is necessary to add this parameter in order to limit the number of UR fuse files to one per family. There are several sizes in each family, and the same rating is found in several sizes, but with different T/C, I²t lim, and Ip lim characteristics.

4.1.2 ‘Circuit characteristics’ section

Creating circuit attributes (attributes 1, 2, and 3) makes it possible to describe the nature and diagram of a circuit. These attributes can make it possible to automatically generate multi-line block diagrams in electrical wiring diagram applications. These attributes are usually correlated with the attributes of the symbols used in the Caneco single-line diagram of the circuit, including any associated circuits there may be. They may give a form of synthesis of it. Example of a star-delta motor feed:

- attribute 1: star-delta - attribute 2: Local control, remote manual disconnect

Example of an instrumentation circuit (associated circuit alone):

- attribute 1: instrumentation - attribute 2: datalogger

These attributes may be initialized by Caneco BT in accordance with information defined by their style. They may be modified by the user at will.


14 ‘Additional data’ tab Reference Manual

4.1.3 ‘Calculation criteria’ section

The user can choose not to verify one calculation criterion for a very specific reason. If the ‘Overload’ criterion is unchecked, the following message will appear:

A virtually identical message will appear, depending on which criterion is deselected.

Attention: This section is intended for experienced users only. In the event of a reservation expressed by a technical inspection service, the Caneco BT user will be obliged to provide justification.


Reference Manual ‘Select circuit-breaker from catalogue’ window 15

4.2 ‘Select circuit-breaker from catalogue’ window

4.2.1 Rating

Trip unit rating

4.2.2 IrTh Min

Circuit-breaker thermal trip min. current setting

4.2.3 Disc. Th

Displays the Thermal discrimination with the upstream circuit-breaker when selecting the circuit protective device

4.2.4 Disc. Ik

Displays the short-circuit discrimination with the upstream circuit-breaker when selecting the circuit protective device

If the protective device displayed is cascaded with the upstream protective device, the discrimination limit corresponds to the breaking capacity of the downstream protective device


16 Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue Reference Manual

4.3 Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue Caneco BT version 5.4 offers the possibility of retaining the calculated cable cross-sections in the event of another manufacturer’s catalogue being chosen for the calculation. This option can be accessed as follows: Select ‘Manufacturer’s file’ in the ‘File list’ window, the ‘Database category’ window appears (1). Select the equipment catalogue to be changed, the ‘List of manufacturers’ files’ window appears (2). Select the year catalogue for the manufacturer you want to use for the calculations (3).

Click on ‘MSB’ in the ‘List of files’ window to go back to the network single-line diagram (4), the confirmation window appears.

Select “Apply the modification to all circuits” (5), a second confirmation window appears.

5

1

3

4

2


Reference Manual Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue 17

Select the appropriate option.

Your cable cross-sections will be automatically locked.


Reference Manual Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue 19

5 Motor feed with regulator

The regulator + motor output calculation method adopted in Caneco BT is described in an on-line document accessible via the ’Documentation’ command from the Help menu. The motor output will be regarded as being protected against over-current and indirect contacts by the regulator. The cross-section of the motor supply connection will be calculated in accordance with the permitted current (Iz). The latter depends directly on the motor operating current. The voltage drop at the regulator terminals will be taken as 0 V. Entering the regulator from the style list Representation of the regulator in the Board single-

line diagram

Enter the motor downstream of the regulator and don’t forget to select “Without Prot.” for the protective device type (1) and to select the overload protective device as “Upstream” (2)

Representation of the regulator + motor combination in the Board single-line diagram

Note: The regulator + motor output is available as a block (1) in the graphics library, under the ’Circuit blocks’ tab.


20 Retaining cables in the event of changing manufacturer’s catalogue Reference Manual


Reference Manual Data entry 21

6 Handling UR (Ultra-rapid) fuses

Caneco BT 5.4 currently supports two types of UR fuse: aR and gR. Type aR is a fuse that provides only short-circuit protection, like aM fuses. It must where relevant by protected by a suitable thermal protective device. Type gR is a fuse that provides thermal and short-circuit protection, like gG fuses. It is appropriate for the protection of the connection and the electronic equipment.

6.1 Data entry An aR or gR fuse is selected as for the other protective devices in the ‘Type’ list on the circuit data entry screen.

Note: No provision is made for UR fuses at board inputs. The choice of family is made by selecting the corresponding file in the ‘Additional data’ panel.

The manufacturer’s reference for each fuse included in the files is added by CBT 5.4 to the full reference for the chosen protective device (trip unit section) Example: FUSERBLOC 800A 4P switch fitted with 3 × 700 A type gR fuses with manufacturer’s reference "69gRB73EF"

Once the choice has been made, you must go to the ‘Additional data’ pane to enter 3 items of data specific to UR fuses:

1- The line fuse derating factor ‘K fuse T°C derating’. This factor may moreover depend on the type of fuse holder. It is mandatory to always enter this, as the nominal rating of UR fuses is given at a Tamb of 20°C, and hence this factor is rarely 1.

2- The max. permitted I²t for the electronic equipment to be protected on the line ‘I²t max permitted’ (A²/s). This value should be given by the manufacturer of the equipment to be protected.

3- The fuse size in the ‘Fuse size’ field. It is necessary to add this parameter in order to limit the number of UR fuse files to one per family.


22 Specific details of the processing Reference Manual

There are several sizes in each family, and the same rating is found in several sizes, but with different T/C, I²t lim, and Ip lim characteristics. For example: the gR Protistor 700A exists in sizes 31, 32, and 33, which would require 3 different files instead of just one for this family. Filling in this field is optional: If a number of sizes exist in the file selected, the field is enabled and the size becomes a criterion. Otherwise the field is disabled. If a number of sizes are present in the file, but you don’t want to take this into account, all you have to do is select the first item in the ‘Fuse size’ field (blank). The files supplied with this version do not contain sizes, so the field will be disabled. Note: This size function is extended to gG and aM fuses, with no effect on operation.

6.2 Specific details of the processing CBT will select the first fuse with a derated rating ≥ Ib × K oversize C of the circuit and hence with Icu ≥ Ik max circuit origin, and of the selected size (optional). The choice of holder (switch, switch/disconnector) is the same for gG and aM fuses. Once the fuse has been selected, the verifications specific to UR fuses are performed: Check that I²t limited × Kv × Ky ≤ I²t permitted by the equipment, with a minimum 20 % margin. This I²t limited is deduced from the I²t limit curve included within the fuse curve file. Kv is a factor that depends on the circuit voltage and polarity. It is specific to the fuse selected and is given by curve included within the fuse curve file. Ky is a factor that depends on the default cos φ included within CBT in the form of a table. If this condition is not fulfilled, CBT 5.4 considers that the protective device is non-compliant. An error message is displayed. The condition is also specified in the circuit’s compliance sheet. Where there is no I² lim curve, or no curve file, CBT 5.4 displays a warning message. (See section on messages)


Reference Manual Specific details of the processing 23

The I²t capacity check can also be viewed on a graph. The terminal equipment’s I²t is in green and the UR fuse’s limit curve in blue. If the terminal equipment curve is above the fuse limit curve, the terminal equipment is protected. The graph takes into account the required minimum 20 % margin, and the Ky and Kv factors.

The discrimination and calculation of the fusing time are done from the time/current curves of the UR fuses, allowing for the operating tolerance given by the manufacturer (usually 10 %):

6.2.1 Graphical representation with a gR fuse


24 Specific details of the processing Reference Manual

6.2.2 Graphical representation with an aR fuse

The grey part of the curve represents the part where the aR fuse is not protected (here, < 2 kA).


Reference Manual Co-ordination of aR fuses with another protective device 25

6.3 Co-ordination of aR fuses with another protective device Fuses of the aR type often have to be protected against low short-circuit currents. The co-ordination currently considered involves an upstream circuit-breaker and a downstream aR fuse. This co-ordination must be done in agreement with the fuse manufacturer. Where there is no data, the graph with curve makes it possible to achieve this co-ordination. The section of the aR curve shown in grey must be protected by the circuit-breaker. Example of possible co-ordination The 630 A aR fuse is protected against short-circuit currents ≤ 1.6 kA The equipment is protected up to 4.5 kA by the circuit-breaker and above 4.5 kA by the aR fuse

Caneco BT v5.4 does not provide for co-ordination with a thermal relay. To achieve this kind of co-ordination, you must follow the fuse manufacturer’s instructions and handle the thermal relay as an ‘Out of catalogue’ choice.


Reference Manual General rule 27

7 Circuit-breaker/switch co-ordination

To enable co-ordination between circuit-breaker and switch, check ‘Fuse/circuit-breaker’ and ‘Fuse/switch’

7.1 General rule Where possible, Caneco uses the circuit-breakers’ limit curves for selecting the switch. Hence when a fault appears in 1, switch Q2 is selected using: Q2 Icm > Ip peak fault in 1 (limited by Q1) Lastly, if the fault appears at point 2 Switch Q3 is selected using: Q3 Icm > Ip peak fault in 2 (limited by Q1)

1 Q2

Q1

Q3

2


28 Application in Caneco BT Reference Manual

1 Q

2

Q1

Q3

2

7.2 Application in Caneco BT

Calculation method If switch Q2 Icm is < n * Icc Max at the point considered 1: Calculation of Ip peak limited, by the circuit-breaker (Q1), at point 1 The value of Ip peak limited is displayed in the window “Additional results” for the circuit concerned. If the resulting Ip peak limited ≤ Icm for switch Q2, this protective device is accepted. Icm associated = Max rms non-limited Ip in A. In this case Caneco displays cascading WITH (Max rms non-limited Ip) in the results window.

Icm: Making capacity of the switch or switch/fuse. Ip pk: Peak current limited by the protective device or non-limited n: crest factor


Reference Manual Application in Caneco BT 29

1 Q

2

Q1

Q3

2

Manufacturer’s tables method If switch Q2 Icm is < n * Icc Max at the point considered 1 Calculation of Ip peak limited or non-limited, at point 1 The value of Ip peak limited or non-limited is displayed in the “Additional results” window of the circuit concerned. If the resulting Ip peak limited ≤ Icm for switch Q2, this protective device is not valid. It can only be accepted using co-ordination with Q1. Icm or Icw Associated in kA = co-ordination value given by the manufacturer In this case Caneco displays cascading WITH [Icm or Icw Associated in kA] in the results window.

Icm: Making capacity of the switch or switch/fuse. Ip pk: Peak current limited by the protective device or non-limited n: crest factor


30 Application in Caneco BT Reference Manual

Example: Upstream circuit-breaker NG125N 63A 4P4D The INS63 switch handles an Icm of 15 kA and an Icw of [25 kA] in co-ordination with the upstream circuit-breaker

INS63 is non-compliant, as the Icm (15 kA) ≤ Ip peak limited or non-limited (44.09 kA) By virtue of the co-ordination with the upstream circuit-breaker INS63 is compliant Icw [25 kA] ≥ Ik Av 20.99 kA



7.2.1 Result Without the circuit-breaker limitation with co-ordination taken into account

7.2.2 Result With the circuit-breaker limitation with co-ordination taken into account

The Icw (short-term short-circuit current) is only verified if co-ordination between circuit-breaker and switch is not requested or if there are no co-ordination tables, or no value in the table. This verification (Icw² × t ≥ I op × t op) is in addition to verifying the fuse’s Icm and Icu, if it is a switch fuse. Each manufacturer gives Icw values associated with a time, but if this is not the case, according to the 947-3 standard, a value of Icw = 12*In for 1 second must be considered for the verification



8 Power requirement

If the “Power requirement / Phase balancing” module (P4) is present, the ‘Power requirement’ window will be displayed before automatic calculation. At this stage the user can, if necessary, impose the power entered for one or more boards by checking the ‘=IB’ box (1) and continue the calculation after confirming the window. Before performing the calculation, Caneco BT will display a list of all unbalanced distributions (if the imbalance is ≥ 10 %).

For the new way of operating, 3 options have been added: Sub-busbars power requirement Power requirement according to average currents Power requirement using the most heavily loaded phase (in the event of imbalance) An option “Including sub-busbars” in the ‘Adjust currents’ box If this option is checked (2), the current adjustment for sub-busbars is handled in the same way as for distributions at present. Two option defining the method for calculating the power requirement for distributions and sub-busbars: Calculation of the power requirement: using the average value of the I phases (3). The calculation is performed as at present on the average currents, without taking phase imbalance into account. Calculation of the power requirement: using the I of the most heavily loaded phase (3). The calculation is performed using the currents from the most heavily loaded phases, taking phase imbalance into account. In terms of the power requirement, the adjustment is automatically performed using the average currents as in the earlier versions. The adjustment for the I on the most heavily loaded phases of the distributions is carried out in the phase balancing, after the power requirement has been validated. The sub-busbar power requirement is automatically produced during phase balancing after the power requirement has been validated, regardless of the calculation option selected under the power requirement The move on to phase balancing is user-transparent. As in the earlier versions, if no adjustment is requested and the power requirement is validated, the consumptions of the distribution circuits and sub-busbars that are at 0 are replaced by the consumptions calculated using the calculation option calculation under power requirement. Note 1: The desired availability value and the option “Including sub-busbars” are specific to each distribution and its sub-busbars if the “For the selected distribution” option is enabled and 'Adjust’ is clicked. Note 2: As at present, the desired availability is taken into account for the per-phase power requirement, but not for carrying out the actual balancing itself.

1

2

3



9 Organizing style list

The style list (2) contents can be defined using the style filter (1)

Several possibilities are offered:

Select favourite styles here The ‘Favourite styles’ list contains the styles selected with the help of the ‘Organize favourites’ command

11

21


Reference Manual Terminal numbering 37

10 Schematic

10.1 Terminal numbering From version 5.4 onwards, you have the possibility of assigning several different Terminal Block Names within the same cabinet Terminal name for lighting Terminal name for socket outlets, etc.

automatically using the ‘Mark’ command from the ‘Options’ menu

The terminal number position can be defined from the ‘Board single-line' tab in the ‘Preferences’ window.

The terminal block ref. mark prefixes (1) can be defined under the ‘Board single-line’ tab in the ‘Preferences’ window.


38 Terminal numbering Reference Manual

The ‘Advanced…’ button lets you select the options for dealing with terminals.

Terminals are ‘forced’ after the circuit is calculated


Reference Manual Manufacturers file selection window 39

11 Manufacturers files

11.1 Manufacturers file selection window The database of ultra-rapid fuses is now available in Caneco BT. Version 5.4 incorporates ultra-rapid (UR) fuse curves into circuit design.

11.2 Displaying the manufacturers’ databases The Caneco BT databases can be accessed for viewing via the ‘Database’ command under the ‘Tools’ menu.


40 Displaying the manufacturers’ databases Reference Manual

The ‘Database’ window then displayed allows the designer to look up the standard powers and the normative elements used in sizing installations in Caneco BT. This window lets you view the manufacturers’ catalogues and check the presence of a protective or disconnecting device that is not among the choices offered in the ‘Choose circuit-breaker from catalogue’ window while sizing a circuit. It is possible to perform a search in the selected file in a window displayed by right-clicking with the mouse.


Reference Manual ‘Directories’ tab 41

12 Preferences

12.1 ‘Directories’ tab The user cannot change the directories containing the configuration files and databases. The user can choose the directories for saving project files, folio backgrounds, and Caneco BT standard diagrams. Caneco BT version 5.4 offers more possibilities, logos and stamps, user diagrams and documents can also be put into directories chosen by the user.

.


Reference Manual ‘Calculation’ tab 43

13 Calculation Options

13.1 ‘Calculation’ tab

13.1.1 Sizing criterion:

The user can choose not to verify one calculation criterion for a very specific reason. In this case, a message will be displayed. If the ‘Overload’ criterion is unchecked, the following message will appear:

A virtually identical message will appear, depending on which criterion is deselected. Attention: This section is intended for experienced users only. In the event of a reservation about an installation expressed by a technical inspection service, the Caneco BT user will be obliged to provide justification.


44 ‘Protection’ tab Reference Manual

13.2 ‘Protection’ tab If the manufacturer allows it, the co-ordination tables under the IT earthing system will be used in Caneco BT 5.4

13.3 ‘Cables’ tab

13.3.1 Authorization to reduce conductors

The min. cross-section of the PE can be calculated by 2 methods: - Normative table method: Reduction is carried out according to the standard table which defines the min. cross-section for protective conductors according to the phase cross-sections. - Calculation method: The software applies a reduction of ¼ to the phase cross-section and checks the short-circuit thermal stress as per the standard.


Reference Manual Supply glossary 45

14 Glossary

14.1 Supply glossary Power Standardized supply power in kVA (1 to 5,000 kVA) File Sec95.ZTR: File for dry transformers to the 52-113 standard Huile95.ZTR: File for liquid-immersed transformers to the 52-113 standard Ukr Short-circuit voltage expressed as a % Xd Direct transient reactance in % (standard 30 %) Xo Zero-sequence reactance in % (standard 6 %) Grid LV Voltage Supply on-load working voltage, between phases (default 400 V) The off-load voltage is 1.05 times the working voltage Frequency Frequency of the grid 50 Hz or 60 Hz HV Prot. Op. T. Breaking time for the HV protective device at the primary of the HV/LV

transformer SkQ HV Min Min HV short-circuit power, default proposition 500 MVA SkQ HV Max Max HV short-circuit power, default proposition 500 MVA Coefficients / factors Temperature (K T) Temperature co-efficient limiting the cable’s permitted current Proximity (K prox) Conductor grouping [proximity] factor Symmetry fs Symmetry factor as per NF C 15-100 ¶ 523.6 Conductors Phase Cross-section of phase conductor(s) PEN Cross-section of neutral/PEN conductor(s) Po Cross-section of protective conductor Ra Earth resistance Contribution from motors

Factor taken into account for calculating Ik Max values

Ratio Ib connection / In Supply

Value in % allowing the Supply/MSB connection to be calculated in accordance with the thermal setting of the supply circuit-breaker.

Loaded Neutral Factor of 0.84 applied to the cable’s Iz Results IB Transformer rated current calculated with the voltage between phases loaded STH Theoretical cross-section calculated from the overload condition dU total Voltage drop % at the MSB from the transformer Ik3 Max Maximum 3-phase short-circuit current at far end of connection

Ik2 Max Maximum 2-phase short-circuit current at far end of connection

Ik1 Max Maximum single-phase short-circuit current at far end of connection Ik2 Min Minimum 2-phase short-circuit current at far end of connection Ik1 Min Minimum single-phase short-circuit current at far end of connection If Phase/PE fault current (insulation fault)


46 Circuit glossary Reference Manual

14.2 Circuit glossary

Upstream Distribution upstream Ref Mark Ref Mark Circuit Ref Mark (15 characters maximum) Style Style of the circuit D/Origin Connection distance from the origin of a busbar trunking system Busbars Upstream busbar Ref mark Supply Circuit supply mode (Normal, Standby, or N and S) Content Conductor distribution Designation Circuit designation (36 characters maximum) Issue Circuit revision issue number Protection-Control Type Type of protective device used (G/p c/b, C c/b, B c/b, etc.) Indirect contact Protection against indirect contact Rating Rating of protective device or fuse support (switch, disconnector, or

switch/disconnector. K oversize C Oversize factor for overload condition Th Relay Reference of Thermal relay In/IrTh/IrLR Overload protective device rating / thermal trip setting current / Long delay trip

setting IrMg/In Magnetic trip current setting or fuse rating gG rating Fuse rating Delay (S/C prot.) Delay value for short-delay protective device in ms Isetting (Diff. Prot.) Differential protective device sensitivity in mA Delay (Diff. Prot.) Delay value for differential protective device in ms Cable Type Cable type used (U1000R2V, H07RN-F, etc.) Core Nature of the conductors (Copper or Aluminium) Conductor Multi-conductor or single-conductor cable Install. Installation method according to standard Length (m) Total length as far as terminal equipment 1

st Equip. (m) Distance to 1

st appliance

K Temp Temperature factor on IZ (from 0.4 to 1.3; 1.0 for 30°C) K Prox Group [proximity] factor for IZ (from 0.2 to 1.3) according to installation method Additional factor Additional factor for IZ (explosion hazard, unbalanced neutral, etc.) K Symmetry fs Symmetry factor for connections using paralleled cables Total Correction Total correction factor (K Temp × K Prox × K comp × fs × Load. Neut. factor) Phase Cross-section of a phase conductor Neutral Cross-section of a neutral conductor PE/PEN Cross-section of PE or PEN conductor Loaded Neutral Factor of 0.84 applied to IZ (if checked) No. devices Number of devices for terminal circuits Consumption Consumption of a terminal device (in A, W, kW, VA, kVA, and kVAR) Location Geographic location of circuit (used in cable trays) TH ≤ 15 % 3

rd-order harmonics level < 15 %

15 % < TH ≤ 33 % 3rd

-order harmonics level between 15 % and 33 % TH > 33 % 3

rd-order harmonics levels > 33 %

Use Circuit use factor Diversity Simultaneity factor for the terminal devices on any one circuit Cos φ Cosine φ [power factor] of the circuit Cos φ (start) Cosine φ [power factor] when starting ID/IN Ratio of Starting Current to Rated Current at start-up dU max Maximum permitted voltage drop from start point of installation in %


Reference Manual Circuit glossary 47

Results: Cable Conventional coding for multi-conductor cable or phase conductors (single-

conductor) Examples: 4G1.5 signifies 4 conductors including 1 green/yellow (G = ground) 3X50+N35 signifies 3 phase conductors + 1 no. 35 mm² N conductor Neutral Conventional coding for neutral conductors if the connection is a single-

conductor one. PE or PEN Conventional coding for PE/PEN conductors Criterion Phase cross-section calculation criterion IN: Overload condition DU: Voltage drop IC: Protection for personnel against indirect contact SC: Thermal stress following S/C Max length Maximum protected length for this cross-section IB (A) Operating current for the circuit in A STH (mm²) Theoretical cross-section calculated in mm² from the overload condition IZ (A) Permitted current for the selected BBTS, corrected using the correction factors This value gives the maximum value for any thermal trip setting on the

protective device. Circuit dU (%) Voltage drop in the circuit in % dU total (%) Voltage drop from start point of installation in % dU start-up Starting voltage drop in % Ik3 Max Maximum 3-phase short-circuit current of the circuit (in A) Ik2 Max Maximum 2-phase short-circuit current of the circuit (in A) Ik1 Max Maximum single-phase short-circuit current of the circuit (in A) If Max Maximum single-phase fault short-circuit current of the circuit (in A) Ik2 Min Minimum 2-phase short-circuit current at the end of the circuit (in A) Ik1 Min Minimum single-phase short-circuit current at the end of the circuit (in A) If Fault (phase/PE) or double fault current in case of ground isolated system (in

A) IrMg Max Theoretical max. setting for protective device magnetic trip Ik Up/Dn Maximum upstream / downstream short-circuit current expressed in kA Discrimination Short-circuit discrimination with upstream Association With or Without co-ordination (cascading or association) with the protective

device located upstream Magnetic trip Standard, low, or electronic, depending on the device selected L C/tray (m) Length on cable tray Cost of connection Cable (supplying, installing, and connecting up) Circuit status compliant To be recalculated: a circuit that must be recalculated; all its results may be incorrect Cable non-compliant:

a circuit whose cable value has been overridden

Protective device non-compliant

Protective device non-compliant: protection overridden beyond the device’s capacities


48 Switchboard glossary Reference Manual

Additional Manufacturer Manufacturer’s file used for this protective device Minimum protection Minimum protection device rating Icu (kA) Breaking capacity of protective device With association Breaking capacity in association with the upstream device Thermal Discrimination Thermal Discrimination Differential Discrimination Differential Discrimination Limit (A) Discrimination limit in A From (m) Length of discrimination limit Ir Diff Differential protective device sensitivity in mA Diff. Delay Delay value for differential protective device in ms Max. breaking time Maximum tripping time to ensure protection of the conductors (ms) IC Maximum tripping time to ensure protection of personnel (ms) Ph Maximum protective device time on short-circuit for the phase (ms) PE Maximum protective device time on short-circuit for the PE (ms) Ne Maximum protective device time on short-circuit for the neutral (ms) Width (mm) Calculated physical width of the connection Height (mm) Calculated physical height of the connection Weight (kg/m) Weight of the connection per metre run Ip limited or Ip non-limited Maximum limited or non-limited peak current in kA Icw Permitted short-term current in A²s equivalent to the thermal capacity

14.3 Switchboard glossary

Ref Mark Downstream board ref. mark Designation Name of board Diversity factor Diversity factor (simultaneity between them) Geographic location Geographic location of terminal device Earthing system Board earthing system: TT, TN, IT Voltage Voltage in V: between phase and neutral (single-phase), between

phases in the other cases. No load voltage No-load voltage in V used for calculating Ik Max values Upstream circuit ref mark Upstream circuit ref mark Breaking device Nature of the breaking device at the input to the switchboard IC protection Human protection against indirect contact I allowed Permitted current downstream of board I available Current available downstream of board S Currents Sum of the operating currents IB of all the circuits fed from the board,

multiplied by the board’s diversity factor Mean cos φ Mean cos φ at the board R = S IZ cables / Irth board

Ratio between the sum of the IZ values for the circuits and the setting of the upstream thermal trip.

14.4 UPS glossary Unit P Power in kVA Tsc Short-circuit sustain time in ms Ik3 3-phase short-circuit current (in A) Ik2 2-phase short-circuit current (in A) Ik1 Single-phase short-circuit current (in A) If (phase/PE) fault current (in A)

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