Manual_handling

EPC of JIC Cooling Plant 098-C58

Azmeel EH&S Department

TRAINING

MANUAL HANDLING

Presented by:Dawood Akbar

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COURSECOURSE AIMSAIMS

ToTo impartimpart thethe necessarynecessary knowledgeknowledge andand skillsskillsrequiredrequired byby personspersons whowho areare requiredrequired toto carrycarryoutout manualmanual handlinghandling riskrisk assessmentsassessments oror arearerequiredrequired toto movemove loadsloads byby manualmanual effort,effort, soso asas totoensureensure thatthat goodgood safesafe liftinglifting techniquestechniques areareadoptedadopted andand maintainedmaintained..

MANUAL HANDLINGMANUAL HANDLING

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SitesSites ofof InjuriesInjuries CausedCaused byby ManualManual HandlingHandling

BackBack 4545%%

Finger/ThumbFinger/Thumb 1616%%

ArmsArms 1313%%

LowerLower limbslimbs 99%%

RestRest ofof torsotorso 88%%

HandsHands 66%%

OtherOther 33%%


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The Spinal Column and it’s DivisionsThe Spinal Column and it’s Divisions


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The Spinal Column and it’s DivisionsThe Spinal Column and it’s Divisions

The Spines 3 main functions are:The Spines 3 main functions are:

1.1. To allow movement.To allow movement.

2.2. To support the upper body.To support the upper body.

3.3. To protect the spinal cord.To protect the spinal cord.


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7 Cervical (neck) Vertebrae

12 Thoracic (middle back) Vertebrae

5 Lumbar (low back) Vertebrae

Sacrum (fused vertebrae

Coccyx (tailbone)

Discs

Spinal Canal


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Manual HandlingManual Handling

ManualManual handlinghandling isis defineddefined asas thethe transportingtransporting ororsupportingsupporting ofof aa loadload byby handshands oror bodilybodily forceforce..These includes:These includes:

•• CarryingCarrying

•• Putting downPutting down

•• PushingPushing

•• PullingPulling

•• MovingMoving

•• LiftingLifting

•• SupportingSupporting


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Causes of back problemsCauses of back problemsOverweightOverweightCan put extra stress on musclesCan put extra stress on musclesOut of shapeOut of shapeWeak muscles can’t do supporting jobWeak muscles can’t do supporting jobPoor posturePoor posturePuts unnecessary pressure and curvature on the backPuts unnecessary pressure and curvature on the back

Muscle fatigue and strainMuscle fatigue and strainFractured vertebraFractured vertebraMay injure spinal cord and cause paralysisMay injure spinal cord and cause paralysisRuptured or “slipped” discRuptured or “slipped” discPresses on spinal nerves and causes pain in back Presses on spinal nerves and causes pain in back and legsand legsDiseases Diseases Arthritis Arthritis


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Types of Injuries:Types of Injuries:

1. Ligaments1. Ligaments

2. Muscles & tendons2. Muscles & tendons

3. Nerves3. Nerves

4. Fractures4. Fractures

5. Cuts from sharp edges5. Cuts from sharp edges


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The Forces InvolvedThe Forces InvolvedIf the fulcrum is in the centre, it only requires the force, equal to the weight of the object to enable the object to be moved

If you shift the fulcrum to one side, it takes much more force to lift the same object.

Your waist acts like the fulcrum in a lever system, on a 10:1 ratio.

Lifting a ten pound object puts 100 pounds of pressure on your lower back.


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The Forces The Forces InvolvedInvolved

When you add in the 105 pounds of the average human upper torso, you see that lifting a ten pound object actually puts 1,150 pounds of pressure on the lower back.


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Good Handling Technique for LiftingGood Handling Technique for Lifting

Remember: Bend your knees and Lift with ease!

Think before lifting/handling.Think before lifting/handling.

• Can handling aids be used?

• Where is the load going to be placed?

• Will help be needed with the load?

• Remove obstructions such as discardedwrapping materials

• For a long lift, consider resting theload midway on a table or bench tochange grip.


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Adopt a stable positionAdopt a stable position. The feet should be apart with one leg slightly forward to maintain balance (alongside the load, if it is on the ground). The worker should be prepared to move their feet during the lift to maintain their stability. Avoid tight clothing or unsuitable footwear, which may make this difficult.

Get a good hold.Get a good hold. Where possible the load should be hugged as close as possible to the body. This may be better than gripping it tightly with hands only.

Start in a good posture.Start in a good posture. At the start of the lift, slight bending of the back, hips and knees is preferable to fully flexing the back (stooping) or fully flexing the hips and knees (squatting).


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Keep the load close to the waist.Keep the load close to the waist. Keep the load close to the body for as long as possible while lifting. Keep the heaviest side of the load next to the body. If a close approach to the load is not possible, try to slide it towards the body before attempting to lift it.Avoid twisting the back or leaning sidewaysAvoid twisting the back or leaning sideways, especially while the back is bent. Shoulders should be kept level and facing in the same direction as the hips. Turning by moving the feet is better than twisting and lifting at the same time.


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Keep the head up when handling.Keep the head up when handling. Look ahead, not down at the load, once it has been held securely.

Move smoothly. The load should not be jerked or snatched as this can make it harder to keep control and can increase the risk of injury.Don’t lift or handle more than can be easily be managedThere is a difference between what people think they can lift and what they can safely lift. If in doubt, get help.

Put down, then adjust. If precise positioning of the load is necessary, put it down first, then slide it into the desired position.


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Assess

TASK:TASK:

PostureFrequencyDurationIntensityPacingTeam HandlingRewards

PRINCIPLES OF SAFE HANDLING

INDIVIDUAL:INDIVIDUAL:

StrengthHeightPregnancyHealthTrainingExperienceGenderAge


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LOAD:LOAD:

WeightShapeSizeHandlesPackagingStabilityContents

ENVIRONMENT:ENVIRONMENT:

Space constraintsFloor condition andlevelsTemperatureHumidityVentilationLightingNoise


Assess


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Plan the Task:Plan the Task:

Consider the most appropriate postures.Is there mechanical equipment available?Is there anybody that can help?Is PPE being worn correctly?

Plan the Route:Plan the Route:

Consider start and end points.Are there doors or steps on the route?Any obstructions to be cleared?Are there vehicles or other persons to be aware of?



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LOADLOAD

• Can the load be split?• Make the load stable.• Pack shifting contents tightly.• Evenly distribute contents.• Keep the centre of gravity of the load close to

you• Cover sharp abrasive edges.

YOURSELF

• Get a good grip of the load.• Use PPE when necessary.


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AREAAREA

• Clear area of obstacles.• Warn people.• Check destination.• Ensure good lighting.• Check housekeeping

Prepare:


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Perform:

• Apply principles of biomechanics to reduce the

loading on the spine

• Keep a wide base of support.

• Maintain the lumbar curve (low back) as much as possible.

• Brace yourself

• Get a good grip.


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Perform: cont’dPerform: cont’d

• Position feet in direction of travel.

• Use smooth controlled movements.

• Use friction to minimise force.

• Try to avoid twisting and stooping.

• Use team lifting where appropriate.


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Safe Lifting Rules:Safe Lifting Rules:-- bend your knees and lift with bend your knees and lift with ease!ease!

• Stand close to the object--have a firm footing

• Keep the back straight while bending the knees

• Grasp the object firmly

• Lift with the leg muscles

• Slowly straighten legs and bring back to verticalposition

• Hold object firmly close to the body while moving

• Use same motions to set object down

• Avoid sudden, jerky motions

• Turn with feet instead of back

• Do not extend arms too far away from the body to setobject down


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Safe Lifting Rules:- bend your knees and lift with ease!

Use Your Head Before You Use Your BackUse Your Head Before You Use Your Back

• Examine an object for best way to hold it

• Check for sharp edges, grease, moisture

• Clear path of obstructions & trip hazards

• Know where and how to deposit object

• If in doubt--get help!


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Special Precautions:Special Precautions:

Overhead Lifting

• Keep firm footing

• Get a ladder or platform

• Get help!


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Heavy objects

• Use more than one person• Break down object into smaller loads

• Use moving & lifting toolsHand trucksHoistsDolliesConveyorsElectric or hand-powered hoist;Lift truck.

Special Precautions:Special Precautions:


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TEAM LIFTING means:

1. COMMUNICATION1. COMMUNICATION 2. COOPERATION2. COOPERATION 3. COORDINATION3. COORDINATION

Team Lifting AdvantagesTeam Lifting Advantages

• Reduces strain on each individual

• Requires no costly equipment

• Increases the control over awkward loads

Team Lifting DisadvantagesTeam Lifting Disadvantages

• Can only be used with moderately increased weights ( 2/3 combined capacities )

• Communication and coordination are sometimes confused

• Requires training and commitment


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TEAM LIFTING (con’d)

Team Lifting ConsiderationsTeam Lifting Considerations

• Similar size and capabilities?

• Your left or my left?

• Facing each other?

• Is the leader going backwards?

• One, two, three - lift!

• In step or break step?

• Uphill or downhill?


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Risk AssessmentRisk AssessmentTASK HAZARDS CONTROL MEASURES

PRE-TASK PLANNING

LOAD – HEAVY / BULKYLOAD TO BE MARKED WITH WEIGHT; WORKERS TO ONLY LIFT UP TO A MAXIMUM WEIGHT (25kg);REDUCE SIZE OF LOAD IF POSSIBLE

LOAD – DIFFICULT TO HANDLE LOAD TO BE FITTED WITH LIFTING POINTS

LOAD – SHARP / HOT PPE (GLOVES) TO BE USED

LOAD – LIQUID / ALIVE LOAD TO BE CONTROLLED

ENVIRONMENT – SLIPS, TRIPS & FALLS HOUSEKEEPING; FIRM, LEVEL EVEN FLOORS

ENVIRONMENT – POOR LIGHTING SUFFICIENT LIGHTING TO BE PROVIDED

ENVIRONMENT – LIMITED SPACE, POOR LAYOUT

PROVIDE ADEQUATE WORKING SPACE

PRE-TASK BRIEFING

WORK TASK PRE-TASK BRIEFING

WORK INDIVIDUAL - CAPABILITYINDIVIDUALS WITH HEALTH PROBLEMS NOT TO BE USED; ALL EMPLOYEES TO RECEIVE TRAINING

WORK TASK – TWISTING / STOOPING ADEQUATE MHO TRAINING TO BE PROVIDED

WORK TASK – LONG CARRY DISTANCES MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT TO BE USED

WORKTASK – LARGE VERTICAL DISTANCES; REACHING UPWARDS

NO MATERIALS TO BE STORED ABOVE HEAD HEIGHT; LADDERS USED WHERE INPRACTICABLE

WORK TASK – PUSHING/PULLING MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT TO BE USED

WORK TASK – REPETITIVE HANDLING ADEQUATE INDIVIDUAL TASK ROTATION

WORKTASK – WORK IMPOSED BY PROCESS; INSUFFICIENT REST BREAKS

ADEQUATE REST BREAKS TO BE TAKEN

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Manual_handling

Education

Transcript of Manual_handling