Manual Turn

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Contents License agreement 1 Getting started 2 Tutorial 1 4 Tutorial 2 11 Tutorial 3 21 Tutorial 4 27 Tutorial 5 31 Tutorial 6 33 Customizing CAPSturn Tutorial 7 37 Tutorial 8 40 Tutorial 9 41

Transcript of Manual Turn

Contents

License agreement 1 Getting started 2 Tutorial 1 4 Tutorial 2 11 Tutorial 3 21 Tutorial 4 27 Tutorial 5 31 Tutorial 6 33 Customizing CAPSturn Tutorial 7 37 Tutorial 8 40 Tutorial 9 41

CAPSturn 10 1

License agreement License You have a non-exclusive right to use the software. This software can only be used on a single computer. You may physically transfer the software from one computer to another, provided that the software is used on only computer at a time. You may not electronically transfer the software from one computer to another over a network. You may not distribute copies of the software and its documentation to others. You may not modify, reverse engineer or translate the software or the documentation without the prior consent in writing from the publishers Cadem Technologies Pvt. Ltd., hereinafter referred to as Cadem Backup You may make one copy of the software solely for the purpose of backup. You must reproduce and include the copyright notice on the backup copy. You may not transfer, sell, or lease the license to another party without prior written consent from Cadem.

Copyright The software and the documentation contain proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. You may not copy the software or its documentation except for backup purpose and to load the software on a computer as part of executing the software. All other copies of the software and its documentation are in violation of the copyright. Warranty The software is provided “AS IS’” without warranty of any kind. The entire risk as to the results and performance of the software is assumed by you. Cadem does not warrant, guarantee or make any representations regarding the use of, or the results of the use of, the software in terms of its correctness, accuracy, reliability, current ness or otherwise and you rely on the software and its results entirely at your own risk. CADEM does warrant to the original licensee that the physical media on which the software is recorded be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of 3 months from date of delivery evidenced by a copy of your receipt. Cadem’s and its distributor’s entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be replacement, or at Cadem’s sole discretion, refund of purchase price. If the failure of the media has resulted from abuse, virus or physical damage, then Cadem shall have no responsibility to replace the media under this limited warranty. This the only warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, with regard to the contents of the software and its documentation, its merchantability, or fitness for a particular use. Limited Liability In no event shall Cadem or anyone else who has been involved in creation, production or delivery of this software be liable for any direct, indirect, consequential or incidental damages / loss arising out of the use, the results of use, or inability to use the software and its documentation. Jurisdiction This license agreement shall be governed by the laws of the Republic of India.

Acknowledgements CADEM acknowledges MS-WINDOWS as registered trademark of their respective owners.

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Getting started Learn how to use the program Through Tutorials The tutorials teach you how to use the program to generate NC programs and related documents. The tutorials can be accessed through the Start menu (Start > Programs > Cadem) or from the Help menu. Completing all the tutorials typically takes 1 day.

On your own You can also try to bypass the tutorials and start using the program through the Wizard interface,

invoked through the icon. The wizard guides you through the steps involved, and you can start making your own programs within 1 hour of installing the program.

Reference jobs CAPSturn is shipped with pre-made sample jobs. You can open these and view the tool path simulation, generate NC programs or cycle times, etc.

Customize CAPSturn Before starting to seriously use the outputs, you must first customize it to suit your requirement. If you are evaluating the program and do not intend to use its output to cut parts, this step is not required. Postprocessors Posts may need to be configured so that the NC programs generated conform to your programming practices and the format acceptable by your machines. This program is shipped with a number of posts for popular controllers. These must be tweaked to include your machine data and codes. This is easy to do. You can do this yourself, or contact us or our resellers for help in making the posts.

When you want to generate outputs from the program, you must first select the machine from a list. You must customize this list so that only your machines appear in it.

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Tools and FS database The database has a large collection of tools. You can customize the list – add any tools you use, or delete tools that you do not require. Cutting parameters in the database may not be what you normally use. You might wish to modify them to suit your requirement.

Get started You can either use the Wizard or the regular interface. The Wizard is easier to use, but does not have some advanced features like Single motions and Subprograms. We recommend that you use the wizard initially, but switch over to the regular interface once you are proficient in the use of the program.

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Tutorials in mm

Tutorial 1

This tutorial shows

Creating part and blank shapes

Rough and finish turning

Viewing tool path.

Generating shop documents. Part drawing

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Start a new job

If you have just started CAPSturn, Select Create a new part in the startup dialog box and click on OK. If you have already started CAPSturn, select File → New

Work setup The Work setup dialog box appears automatically when you start a new part. Setup data 1 • Select mm for Units, select any Work piece material,

and enter this data, leaving the rest unaltered: Jaw position absolute Z = -210 Clearance Z = 5 Clearance OD = 200

Setup data 2 Leave the default data unaltered. Documentation • Click on the Documentation tab and enter suitable

data. All the data except the Remarks will appear in the NC program and other documents like the cycle time sheet. You can omit any or all it. Anything that you do not enter appears as a blank in the documents. • Click on OK to exit from the Work setup dialog box.

Save the File • Select File → Save. • Enter the File name as Shaft. The file will now be

saved as Shaft.CPT.

Values can be entered as fractions. E.g., 7.5 can be entered as 7+1/2..

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• Click on the Geometry button at the bottom left of the

screen.

Draw the part

• Select Draw Quick shaft. • At the prompt Specify the start point enter 0,0 and

press Enter. • At the prompt Select the direction click on the arrow

pointing vertically up. • At the prompt Specify X coordinate enter 60 and

press Enter. • At the prompt Specify Z coordinate enter –80 and

press Enter. • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

120 -110 180 -200

• Click the right mouse button and then select Done.

Define the part Through this step you are telling CAPSturn “This set of lines is the part”. • Select Draw Define Part. • At the prompt Select the first object click on the line

shown. • Click on Yes at the prompt Create part shape?

Define the blank • Select Draw Define Blank. • Enter the following data and click on OK:

Length = 240 Diameter = 184 Start Z = 5

If the blank shape is a complex shape and not a plain cylinder, Draw its shape. In the blank definition screen click on Select contour and then select the contour. Through this step you are telling CAPSturn “This set of lines is the blank”.

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Machining • Click on the Machining button at the bottom left of

the screen. We will now do the following machining operations:

Rough facing using the Plain face operation

Rough turning using the Contour turn operation

Finish facing using the Finish face operation

Finish turning using the Finish turn operation

To perform a machining operation in CAPSturn:

Select the operation

Select the tool

Select the area to be machined

Specify the machining parameters

You will find this sequence of steps repeated for every operation.

Rough facing Select the operation • Select Machining → Turning → Plain face Select the tool • Click on New tool. • Click on OK to accept the default tool that CAPSturn

has already selected. Select the area to be machined • When you are prompted for the Start X and End X

click on the points shown, on the BLANK. • Specify the machining parameters, and in the

operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

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Rough turning • Select Machining → Turning → Contour turn. • In the Select an existing tool / new tool dialog box

click on the tool selected earlier for facing and click on OK.

• When you are prompted for the Start point and End point of machining click on the points shown, on the PART.

• In the operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

Finish facing • Select Machining → Turning → Finish face. • Click on New tool. Click on OK to accept the default

tool that has been selected. • For the Start point and End point of machining click

on the points shown, on the PART. • Enter this data in the operation dialog box, leaving

the rest unaltered.

Overshoot X = -0.5. This is 25 % more than the tool nose radius.

Finish turning • Select Machining → Turning → Finish turn. • In the Select an existing tool / new tool dialog box

click on the tool selected earlier for finish facing and click on OK.

• For the Start point and End point of machining click on the points shown, on the PART.

• In the operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

Save the file.

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Select a machine • Select Machine. • Click on a machine from the list. • Click on Select.

Work setup, Geometry definition, and Machining are independent of any machine. Functions like NC program and cycle time generation require the machine to be selected since they use the machine’s mechanical data like feed rate limits, spindle speed limits and tool change time.

View tool path

• Click on the Toolpath button at the bottom left of the screen.

• Select Toolpath → Start.

The mode can be solid or line mode. Simulation can be till the next motion, next tool, next operation or end of the program. The simulation can also be viewed in Single step mode. The tool moves one step at every click of the mouse or space bar on the keyboard. Use the Zoom and Pan functions for closer inspection of the tool path.

Generate NC program • Click on NC program on the menu bar. • Click on OK in the dialog box that appears. • Click on Edit to view the NC program. • Select File → Exit to exit from the editor. The NC

program is saved as a text file with a .PRG extension in the folder where CAPSturn is installed.

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View Power graph

• Select Documents → Power. Click on Close to exit.

If the power values are too small, the bars may not be visible in the graph.

View Cycle time sheet

• Click on Documents →Time study sheet.

• Click on View. Click on to enlarge the view. • Click on the buttons on the left to move between

pages. • To exit from the cycle time sheet click on Close and

then on OK.

View Tools list

• Click on Documents →Tool list. The options are as in the cycle time sheet.

View Tool layout sheet

• Switch to Machining mode. • Click on Documents → Tool layout sheet.

• Click on the arrow buttons in the menu bar

to switch between sheets. Click on to exit.

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Tutorial 2

This tutorial shows

Drawing a complex part Facing, Boring and turning operations

Part drawing

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Start a new file

If you have just started CAPSturn, select Create a new part in the startup dialog box and click on OK. If you have already started CAPSturn, select File → New.

Work setup Setup data 1 • Select mm for Units, select any Work piece material,

and enter this data, leaving the rest unaltered: Jaw position absolute Z = -90 Clearance Z = 10 Clearance ID = 46 Clearance OD = 155

Documentation • Enter suitable data in the Documentation page.

Save the File • Save the file with a suitable name.

• Switch to the Geometry mode.

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Draw the part • Select Draw Line Point – point. • Enter 55.5, -64 as the Start point. • Enter 55.5,-30 as the End point.

• Select Draw Multiline. • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

82.85, -35 82.85, -9.5 88.2, -9.5 88.2, 0 116,0 116, -27.5 131, -27.5 146, -33.5 146, -85

• Click the right mouse button and select Done.

• Select Draw → Circle → Center – Radius. • Enter 0, -24 against the prompt Specify the center

point and press Enter. • Enter 41.425 against the prompt Enter the radius

and press Enter.

• Select View Zoom All to enlarge the view.

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• Select Draw Chamfer • Enter 1 for Distance. • Click on the two corners shown. • Click the right mouse button and select Done.

• Select Edit →Trim • At the prompt Select the boundary objects click on

the objects shown. • Right click the mouse and select Done. • At the prompt Select the object, on the side to be

trimmed off click on the same 3 objects again, at the points shown.

• Right click the mouse and select Done.

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Define the part • Select Draw Define part. • At the prompt Select the first object click on the line

shown. • At the prompt Create part shape? Click on Yes. The

lines and arcs are threaded together into a single part shape.

To Zoom • Rotate the scroll wheel of the mouse, OR

• Click on then click the left mouse button and drag.

To Pan • Press the scroll wheel of mouse and drag, OR

• Click on then click the left mouse button and drag.

Draw the blank • Select Draw Multiline • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

50, -80 50, 1.5 149, 1.5 149, -95

• Right click the mouse and select Done from the menu.

Define the blank • Select Draw Define blank • Click on Select contour and click on the point shown • At the prompt Create blank shape? Click on Yes

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The part and blank now look like this.

Save the File

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Machine the part Operations:

Rough face Rough turn Rough bore Finish face Finish turn Finish bore

• Switch to the Machining mode.

Rough face • Select Machining Turning Plain face • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • Change the operation name to Rough face, leave the

default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

Rough turn • Select Machining Turning Contour turn. • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown.

Point 1 must be at the beginning of the chamfer. • Change the operation name to Rough turn, leave the

default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

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Rough bore • Select Machining Turning Contour turn. • Click on New tool. Expand the Internal turn tool type,

select a suitable tool type, then select a tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown.

Point 1 must be at the beginning of the chamfer. • Change the operation name to Rough bore, leave

the default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

Finish face • Select Machining Turning Finish face. • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • For Overshoot X enter - 0.5, leave the other

machining parameters unchanged. • Enter a suitable operation name. • Click OK.

Finish turn • Select Machining Turning Finish turn • Select the same tool that you selected for finish face • For the machining area click on the points shown • Enter this data, leaving the rest unchanged:

Overshoot: X = 0 and Z = -0.5 Undershoot: X = -0.5 and Z = 0.5

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Finish bore • Select Machining Turning Finish turn. • Select a suitable boring tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • Enter a suitable operation name. • Enter this data, leaving the rest unchanged:

Overshoot: X = 0 and Z = -1 Undershoot: X = 1and Z = 1

This completes all the machining operations on the part. Save the file.

Editing an operation We will now edit the depth of cut in the rough boring operation. To do this : • In the Operations list expand the Rough bore

operation. • Double click on Machining parameters and change

Depth of cut to 2. • Click on OK.

To edit the machining area in an operation • Double click on Machining parameters. OR • Right click on Machining parameters and select Edit To edit the tool in an operation • Double click on the tool.OR • Right click on the tool and select Edit To change the tool in an operation • Right click on the tool and select Change.

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View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 3

This tutorial shows

Grooving

Threading Part drawing

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Start a new file

Work setup Setup data 1 • Enter various other data, and then enter:

Jaw position absolute Z = -105. Clearance Z = 5. Clearance ID = 23. Clearance OD = 120.

Draw the part

Draw the basic shape • Select Draw Quick shaft to draw the part shape. • Enter 30,-100 as the start point. • For direction select the right arrow and enter these

coordinates in sequence : -50, 50, 0, 80, -50, 110, -100

Draw grooves • Select Draw Groove. • Enter this data for the geometry :

Depth : 3 Base Width : 5 Chamfer at top : 1 Angle of sides : 5 Radius at base : 1 Groove type : External

• Click OK • At the prompt Specify the start point enter 110, -

70.92. • Right click the mouse to repeat the groove option,

and draw the internal groove with the same dimensions as before.

• At the prompt Specify the start point enter 30, -75.92.

To repeat the previous action Right click the mouse.

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Trim the grooves • Select Edit → Trim. • For the Boundary object select the OD groove,

Select Done. • For the Object select the line over the groove. Select

Done • Click the right mouse button and repeat the process

for the internal groove.

Draw chamfers • Select Draw Chamfer. • Enter 1 for the chamfer distance, click on the corner

for each chamfer.

Draw the undercut • Select Draw Undercut. • Select S1 and click on OK. • Click on the shoulder at dia. 80. • Enter this data:

L1 = 3 R1 = 0.4 R2 = 0.4 A1 = 45 D1 = 1

D2 is determined automatically.

Define the part • Select Draw → Define part.

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Draw the blank • Draw the blank shape. Use Multiline to draw lines

through these points: 26,-110 26,3 114,3

114,-110

Define the blank The part and blank shapes now look like this.

Machine the part Rough face and Rough turn Do this through Plain face and Contour turn operations respectively.

Rough bore Do this through the Contour turn operation.

Finish face and Finish turn Do this through Finish face and Finish turn operations respectively. Select a tool that will enter the undercut.

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Finish bore Do this through Finish turn operation.

External groove • Select Machining Turning Groove Radial. • Select a tool with a tip width less than the groove

width. • At the prompt Select the groove click anywhere on

the external groove. • Leave the default machining parameters unchanged.

Internal groove Do this like you did the external groove.

External thread • Select Machining Turning Thread. • Select the default tool. Select Face down for Tool

mounting. This ensures that the tool moves towards the chuck when you are cutting a right hand thread.

• At the prompt Select a line for threading click anywhere on the line representing the thread.

• Click on Select from standards. • Select a thread type, click on Next, select a pitch,

then click on Finish. • Leave the rest of the data unchanged.

View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 4

This tutorial shows

Defining a Form tool

Performing Single motions

Automatic tool gouge prevention

Part drawing

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Start a new file Start a new file and specify work setup data. This file is only for drawing the form tool, so you can specify any arbitrary work setup data.

Define the form tool • Defining a form tool involves the following steps:

Draw the form tool Export the shape to a file. Add the tool to the database.

Draw the tool shape • Draw a Multiline through the following points.

Point X Z 1 1.172 3.414 2 8 6 3 8 10 4 24 10 5 24 13 6 28 15 7 70 15 8 70 4 9 13.657 4 10 6.828 0.586

• Draw an arc of radius 2 between points 10 and 1.

Export to a form tool file • Select File → Form tools → Export. • Select the form tool by clicking individually on the

objects on it, or by enclosing them in a window. • Enter 0,0 for the reference point. • Enter Form4a for the file name.

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Add the tool to the database • Select Utilities → Tool and FS database, and enter

cadem for the password. • Select the General - mm library, and then click on

Configure tool library. • Expand the Form tool class and click on Form tool. • Right click the mouse in the Tool name window and

select Add a new tool. • Enter this data:

Identification = Relief tool Cutting speed factor for Roughing and Finishing = 1 Feed rate factor for Roughing and Finishing= 1

• Click on Tool geometry and enter this data: Form tool class = External turn Shape file name = Form4a Approach angle = 90 Nose angle = 0 Nose radius = 2 Hand of tool = Left

Exit from the library.

Define the part and blank

Start a new file. Specify the work setup data. Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part Rough turn Face and rough turn the part with a 55 degree insert left hand tool. The pocket cannot be completely machined by a left-hand tool. The automatic gouge prevention facility prevents the back edge of the tool from gouging into the part, and some material is left un machined.

• Select a right hand tool with a 55-degree insert. • Turn the un machined area with a Contour turn

operation. • Select points 1 and 2 for the start and end points of

machining. • Click on Advanced -> Machining area and select

Vertically for both options

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Finish turn Finish turn using the Finish turn operation, with a 35 degree insert left hand tool.

Turn relief groove using form tool • Select Machining → Single motions → Start

operation. • For Operation enter Relief groove. • Select Machining → Single motions → Tool and click

on New tool. • Select Relief tool from Form tool class. • Select Machining → Single motions → Spindle

speed and enter appropriate data. • Select Machining → Single motions →Rapid

traverse. Enter absolute coordinates 100 and –38 for X and Z respectively.

• Right click the mouse to select the same option again. Enter 34 for X, leave Z blank.

• Select Feed traverse, enter relative coordinates –6 and –3 for dX and dZ, 0.1 for feed rate.

• Repeat the feed motion with relative coordinates 6 and 3 for dX and dZ.

• Select Machining → Single motions →End operation

View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 5

This tutorial shows Turning with a rotated tool. Part drawing

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Start a new program Start a new program and specify the work setup data.

Define the part and blank Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part • Select the Contour face operation. • Select a neutral tool with a 35 degree insert. • Click on Edit tool geometry and set Rotation angle to

-90. • Select the start and end points of machining as

shown.

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Tutorial 6

This tutorial shows

Using a subprogram to perform repetitive operations. Part drawing

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Start a new program Start a new program and specify the work setup data.

Define the part and blank Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part

Perform all machining operations except the grooving

Define the grooving subprogram • Select Machining → Subprogram → Define. • Enter Groove as the Subprogram name. • Click on OK. • Select Machining → Single motions →Rapid

traverse. Enter relative coordinate –35 for dZ, leave X blank.

• Similarly make a Feed traverse motion by a relative amount X –23 at the current Z co-ordinate with feed rate 0.15.

• Make a Rapid motion by a relative amount X 23 at the current Z co-ordinate.

• Click Done on the Single motions subprogram dialog box.

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Call the subprogram • Select Machining → Single motions → Start

operation. • For Operation enter Groove. • Select Machining → Single motions → Tool and click

on New tool. • Select a grooving tool with the appropriate tip width. • Select Machining → Single motions → Spindle

speed and enter appropriate data. • Move the tool to an absolute position of X = 58 and Z

= 10 at rapid. • Select Machining → Subprogram → Call. Select

Groove as the name of the subprogram from the list that appears and enter 2 as Number of calls.

• Move the tool in rapid to absolute position X = 108 at the current Z coordinate.

• Move the tool in rapid to absolute position Z = -75 at the current X coordinate.

• Select Machining → Subprogram → Call. Select Groove for the name of the subprogram to be called and 3 for the Number of calls.

• Select Machining → Single motions →End operation.

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Customizing CAPSturn Customizing involves the following: Configuring the Tool and FS library so that it has your preferred tools and FS. Configuring the List of machines that you will be using CAPSturn for. Configuring the Postprocessors for your machines.

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Tutorial 7

Configuring the Tools and FS library The library has the following data:

Tools Tool materials Work piece materials Cutting parameters

The file Caps.mdb contains the library. It is stored in the folder in which CAPSturn is installed. Creating a new tool library Whenever you create a new tool library it gets stored in Caps.mdb file. To create a tool library you can :

1. Create a new tool library and enter all the tools, tool materials and cutting parameters from scratch, OR

2. Create a new library, copy the data from an existing library into it, then modify this library. The latter is the faster method. To do this: Create a new library • Select Utilities → Tool and FS database. • For the password enter ‘cadem’. • Right click the mouse anywhere in the list of libraries and select Add a new library. • Enter an appropriate name at the prompt Tool library name. • Select mm for Database units. • Enter appropriate remarks. Remarks are optional, and can be left blank. Copy data from an existing library • Check Copy data from an existing library? • At the prompt Copy from select General – mm from the list. • Click OK. • After the copying is completed click on Done. Adding a Work piece material • Click on the Work piece material tab. • Right click the mouse and select Add a new work material. • Enter the name of the material. • Enter the Specific cutting forces for various operations. These are used in calculating the spindle

power. Just enter the values from the nearest equivalent material from the existing list. Adding a Tool type • You can define your own tool types to make tool selection easier. Tool types in turn belong to tool

classes, which are fixed within CAPSturn. You can define Twist drill and Insert drill under the Drill tool class.

• Click on the Tool library tab. • Select the tool library to which you want to add tool class. • Click on Configure tool library. • Right click on a Tool class. • Select Add a new tool type. • Enter the tool type name. • Enter the safe height. This will be common to all the tools of this type. Enter 1 for Z feed rate. It is

irrelevant for turning, only used in CAPSmill. • Click on OK

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Adding a Tool material

You can add a tool material in any tool type. • Click on the library, then on Configure tool library. • Expand the tool class list that contains the tool type by clicking on the +. • Click on the tool type. • Right click anywhere in the Tool material list. • Select Add a new tool material. • Enter the name of the material.

Adding Cutting parameters

Cutting parameters are specified for each combination of Work piece material-Tool type-Tool material.

• Right click on a material in the Tool material list. • Select Edit cutting parameters. • Enter the parameters.

The parameters to be entered are of two different types :

1. For tools like turning, grooving, threading, etc. : Single Cutting speed and feed rate. 2. For hole machining tools like drills : Multiple cutting speeds and feed rates, for different

diameter ranges. Type 1 Each tool in the database has its own cutting speed factor and feed rate factor, different values for roughing and finishing. During machining, the values entered here are multiplied by the factors. Example : If these are the parameters entered FS for a particular combination of workpiece material, tool material and tool type : Cutting speed = 250 m/min., Feed rate = 0.25 mm/rev. Cutting speed and feed rate factors for a particular tool : Roughing : 1.0, Finishing : 1.2 Feed rate factors for the tool : Roughing : 1.0, Finishing : 0.8 The parameters used during machining will be Roughing : Cutting speed = 250, Feed rate = 0.25 Finishing : Cutting speed = 300, Feed rate = 0.2 Type 2 Example : Feed rate Cutting speed Dia. range = 6; Feed rate = 0.1 Dia. range = 4; Cutting speed = 60 Dia. range = 12; Feed rate = 0.15 Dia. range = 15; Cutting speed = 80 Dia. range = 999; Feed rate = 0.2 Dia. range = 999; Cutting speed = 130 This means,

• Feedrate = 0.1 mm/rev. for drills upto dia. 6. 0.15 mm/rev. for drills larger than dia. 6 upto dia. 12. 0.2 mm/rev. for drills larger than dia. 12.

• Cutting speed = 60 m/min. for drills upto dia. 4. 80 m/min. for drills larger than dia. 4 upto dia. 15. 130 m/min. for drills larger than dia. 15. Adding a tool

• Select the Tool type. • Right click the mouse in the tools list (under Tool name) and select Add a new tool. • At the prompt Identification enter the name of the tool.

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• Select the type of coolant that must be used as default for this tool. When you select the tool for an operation this is selected as default, but you can change it.

• Click on Tool geometry and specify the geometry parameters.

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Tutorial 8

Customizing the machines list The machines list is stored in the file Machines.mdb. • Select Machine from the main menu. • Click on Configure machines and enter the password ‘cadem’. Adding a machine

Ensure that the postprocessor file (.gpt file) for the machine is in the folder in which CAPSturn is installed. • Click on Add. • Enter the machine name. • For Output folder specify the folder in which you want the machine’s NC programs to be saved.

Ignore the prompt if you want the files to be saved in the CAPSturn folder. • For Machine data file select the postprocessor file corresponding to the machine. Modifying a machine

• Click on the machine and then click on Modify. Deleting a machine

• Click on the machine and then click on Delete. • The machine is removed from the list, but the postprocessor file is not deleted.

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Tutorial 9

Configuring a machine’s postprocessor CAPSturn already has posts for most of the popular controllers. Usually this is what you would do to make a post for your machine : 1. Copy an existing post closest to the one you require. 2. Make changes in the following areas of the post :

Machine mechanical data Program start lines Program end lines Tool change lines

To do this:

• Select Utilities → Postprocessor builder. Enter the password ‘cadem’. • Select File → Open and open the post file.

Modify mechanical data • Click on Machine Data and set various parameters.

Modify program start lines • Click on Block formats → Program start. • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Modify program end lines • Click on Block formats → Program end. • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Modify tool change lines • Click on Block formats → First tool change • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Repeat this for Tool change and Last tool change. Variables Anything in angular brackets is a variable. E.g., <#PROGRAM_NUM>. # outputs the variable with its address. $ outputs the variable without its address. The address is specified in NC words. To include a variable in a block format, click on the List variables button and select a variable. Constants • Any text that is in a block format that is not a variable will appear as it is.

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Tutorials in Inch

Tutorial 1

This tutorial shows

Creating part and blank shapes

Rough and finish turning

Viewing tool path.

Generating shop documents. Part drawing

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Start a new job

If you have just started CAPSturn, Select Create a new part in the startup dialog box and click on OK. If you have already started CAPSturn, select File → New

Work setup The Work setup dialog box appears automatically when you start a new part. Setup data 1 • Select Inch for Units, select any Work piece material,

and enter this data, leaving the rest unaltered: Jaw position absolute Z = -9 Clearance Z= 0.2 Clearance OD= 7.5

Setup data 2 Leave the default data unaltered. Documentation • Click on the Documentation tab and enter suitable

data. All the data except the Remarks will appear in the NC program and other documents like the cycle time sheet. You can omit any or all it. Anything that you do not enter appears as a blank in the documents. • Click on OK to exit from the Work setup dialog box.

Save the File • Select File → Save. • Enter the File name as Shaft. The file will now be

saved as Shaft.CPT.

Values can be entered as fractions. E.g., 7.5 can be entered as 7+1/2.

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• Click on the Geometry button at the bottom left of the

screen.

Draw the part • Select Draw Quick shaft. • At the prompt Specify the start point enter 0,0 and

press Enter. • At the prompt Select the direction click on the arrow

pointing vertically up. • At the prompt Specify X coordinate enter 2.5 and

press Enter. • At the prompt Specify Z coordinate enter –3.25 and

press Enter. • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

5 -4.5 7 -8

• Click the right mouse button and then select Done.

Define the part Through this step you are telling CAPSturn “This set of lines is the part”. • Select Draw Define Part. • At the prompt Select the first object click on the line

shown. • Click on Yes at the prompt Create part shape?

Define the blank • Select Draw Define Blank. • Enter this data and click on OK:

Length = 9.5 Diameter = 7.25 Start Z = 0.2

If the blank shape is a complex shape and not a plain cylinder, Draw its shape. In the blank definition screen click on Select contour and then select the contour. Through this step you are telling CAPSturn “This set of lines is the blank”.

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Machining • Click on the Machining button at the bottom left of

the screen.

We will now do the following machining operations:

Rough facing using the Plain face operation

Rough turning using the Contour turn operation

Finish facing using the Finish face operation

Finish turning using the Finish turn operation

To perform a machining operation in CAPSturn:

Select the operation

Select the tool

Select the area to be machined

Specify the machining parameters

You will find this sequence of steps repeated for every operation.

Rough facing Select the operation • Select Machining → Turning → Plain face Select the tool • Click on New tool • Click on OK to accept the default tool that CAPSturn

has already selected. Select the area to be machined

• When you are prompted for the Start X and End X click on the points shown below, on the BLANK.

• Specify the machining parameters, and in the operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

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Rough turning • Select Machining → Turning → Contour turn. • In the Select an existing tool / new tool dialog box

click on the tool selected earlier for facing and click on OK.

• When you are prompted for the Start point and End point of machining click on the points shown, on the PART.

• In the operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

Finish facing • Select Machining → Turning → Finish face. • Click on New tool. Click on OK to accept the default

tool that has been selected. • For the Start point and End point of machining click

on the points shown below, on the PART. • Enter this data in the operation dialog box, leaving

the rest unaltered. Overshoot X = -0.02.

This is 25 % more than the tool nose radius.

Finish turning • Select Machining → Turning → Finish turn. • In the Select an existing tool / new tool dialog box

click on the tool selected earlier for finish facing and click on OK.

• For the Start point and End point of machining click on the points shown below, on the PART.

• In the operation dialog box click on OK to accept the default data.

Save the file.

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Select a machine • Select a Machine. • Click on a machine from the list. • Click on Select.

Work setup, Geometry definition, and Machining are independent of any machine. Functions like NC program and cycle time generation require the machine to be selected since they use the machine’s mechanical data like feed rate limits, spindle speed limits and tool change time.

View tool path • Click on the Toolpath button at the bottom left of the

screen. • Select Toolpath → Start.

The mode can be solid or line mode. Simulation can be till the next motion, next tool, next operation or end of the program. The simulation can also be viewed in Single step mode. The tool moves one step at every click of the mouse or space bar on the keyboard. Use the Zoom and Pan functions for closer inspection of the tool path.

Generate NC program • Click on NC program on the menu bar. • Click on OK in the dialog box that appears. • Click on Edit to view the NC program. • Select File → Exit to exit from the editor. The NC

program is saved as a text file with a .PRG extension in the folder where CAPSturn is installed.

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View Power graph

• Select Documents → Power. Click on Close to exit.

If the power values are too small, the bars may not be visible in the graph.

View Cycle time sheet

• Click on Documents →Time study sheet.

• Click on View. Click on to enlarge the view. • Click on the buttons on the left to move between

pages. • To exit from the cycle time sheet click on Close and

then on OK.

View Tools list

• Click on Documents →Tool list. The options are as in the cycle time sheet.

View Tool layout sheet

• Switch to Machining mode. • Click on Documents → Tool layout sheet.

• Click on the arrow buttons in the menu bar to switch between sheets.

• Click on to exit.

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Tutorial 2

This tutorial shows

Drawing a complex part Facing, Boring and turning operations

All dimensions are in inches

Part drawing

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Start a new file

If you have just started CAPSturn, select Create a new part in the startup dialog box and click on OK. If you have already started CAPSturn, select File → New.

Work setup Setup data 1 • Select Inch for Units, select any Work piece material,

and enter this data, leaving the rest unaltered: Jaw position absolute Z =-3.6 Clearance Z = 0.4 Clearance ID = 1.84 Clearance OD = 6.2

Documentation • Enter suitable data in the Documentation page.

Save the File • Save the file with a suitable name.

• Switch to the Geometry mode.

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Draw the part

• Select Draw Line Point – point. • Enter 2.22, -2.56 as the Start point. • Enter 2.22, -1.2 as the End point.

• Select Draw Multiline. • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

3.314, -1.4 3.314, -0.38 3.528, -0.38 3.528, 0 4.64,0 4.64, -1.1 5.24, -1.1 5.84, -1.34 5.84, -3.4

• Click the right mouse button and select Done.

• Select Draw → Circle → Center – Radius. • Enter 0, -0.96 against the prompt Specify the center

point and press Enter. • Enter 1.657 against the prompt Enter the radius and

press Enter.

• Select View Zoom All to enlarge the view.

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• Select Draw Chamfer. • Enter 0.04 for Distance. • Click on the two corners shown. • Click the right mouse button and select Done.

• Select Edit →Trim • At the prompt Select the boundary objects click on

the objects shown. • Right click the mouse and select Done. • At the prompt Select the object, on the side to be

trimmed off click on the same 3 objects again, at the points shown.

• Right click the mouse and select Done.

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Define the part

• Select Draw Define part. • At the prompt Select the first object click on the line

shown. • At the prompt Create part shape? Click on Yes. The

lines and arcs are threaded together into a single part shape.

To Zoom • Rotate the scroll wheel of the mouse, OR

• Click on then click the left mouse button and drag.

To Pan • Press the scroll wheel of mouse and drag, OR

• Click on then click the left mouse button and drag.

Draw the blank

• Select Draw Multiline. • Enter the following co-ordinates in sequence:

2, -3.2 2, 0.06 5.96, 0.06 5.96, -4.4

• Right click the mouse and select Done from the menu.

Define the blank • Select Draw Define blank. • Click on Select contour and click on the point shown. • At the prompt Create blank shape? Click on Yes

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The part and blank now look like this.

Save the File

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Machine the part Operations

Rough face Rough turn Rough bore Finish face Finish turn Finish bore

• Switch to the Machining mode.

Rough face • Select Machining Turning Plain face. • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • Change the operation name to Rough face, leave the

default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

Rough turn • Select Machining Turning Contour turn. • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown.

Point 1 must be at the beginning of the chamfer. • Change the operation name to Rough turn, leave the

default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

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Rough bore • Select Machining Turning Contour turn. • Click on New tool. Expand the Internal turn tool type,

select a suitable tool type, then select a tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown.

Point 1 must be at the beginning of the chamfer. • Change the operation name to Rough bore, leave

the default machining parameters unchanged. • Click OK.

Finish face • Select Machining Turning Finish face. • Select a suitable tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • For Overshoot X enter - 0.02, leave the other

machining parameters unchanged. • Enter a suitable operation name. • Click OK.

Finish turn • Select Machining Turning Finish turn. • Select the same tool that you selected for finish face. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • Enter this data, leaving the rest unchanged :

Overshoot X = 0 and Z = -0.02 Undershoot X = -0.02 and Z = 0.02

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Finish bore • Select Machining Turning Finish turn. • Select a suitable boring tool. • For the machining area click on the points shown. • Enter a suitable operation name. • Enter this data, leaving the rest unchanged:

Overshoot X = 0 and Z = -0.04 Undershoot X = 0.04 and Z = 0.04

This completes all the machining operations on the part. Save the file.

Editing an operation We will now edit the depth of cut in the rough boring operation. To do this: • In the Operations list expand the Rough bore

operation. • Double click on Machining parameters and change

Depth of cut to 0.13. • Click on OK.

To edit the machining area in an operation • Double click on Machining parameters. OR • Right click on Machining parameters and select Edit. To edit the tool in an operation • Double click on the tool. OR • Right click on the tool and select Edit. To change the tool in an operation • Right click on the tool and select Change.

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View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 3

This tutorial shows

Grooving

Threading Part drawing

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Start a new file

Work setup Setup data 1 • Enter various other data, and then enter:

Jaw position absolute Z = -4.2. Clearance Z = 0.2. Clearance ID = 0.92. Clearance OD = 4.8.

Draw the part

Draw the basic shape • Select Draw Quick shaft to draw the part shape. • Enter 1.2, -4 as the start point. • For direction select the right arrow and enter these

coordinates in sequence:

-2, 2, 0, 3.2, -2, 4.4, -4

Draw grooves • Select Draw Groove. • Enter this data for the geometry:

Depth = 0.12 Base Width =0.2 Chamfer at top =0.04 Angle of sides =5 Radius at base =0.04 Groove type =External

• Click OK • At the prompt Specify the start point enter 4.4, -2.8. • Right click the mouse to repeat the groove option,

and draw the internal groove with the same dimensions as before.

• At the prompt Specify the start point enter 1.2, -2.8.

To repeat the previous action Right click the mouse.

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Trim the grooves • Select Edit → Trim. • For the Boundary object select the OD groove,

Select Done. • For the Object select the line over the groove. Select

Done.

Click the right mouse button and repeat the process for the internal groove.

Draw chamfers • Select Draw Chamfer. • Enter 0.04 for the chamfer distance, click on the

corner for each chamfer.

Draw the undercut • Select Draw Undercut. • Select S1 and click on OK. • Click on the shoulder at dia. 3.2. • Enter this data:

L1 = 0.12 R1 =0.02 R2 =0.02 A1 = 45 D1 = 0.04

D2 is determined automatically.

Define the part • Select Draw → Define part.

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Draw the blank

• Draw the blank shape. Use Multiline to draw lines through these points :

1, -4.2 1, 0.1 4.6, 0.1

4.6, -4.2

Define the blank The part and blank shapes now look like this.

Machine the part Rough face and Rough turn Do this through Plain face and Contour turn operations respectively.

Rough bore Do this through the Contour turn operation.

Finish face and Finish turn Do this through Finish face and Finish turn operations respectively. Select a tool that will enter the undercut.

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Finish bore Do this through Finish turn operation.

External groove • Select Machining Turning Groove Radial. • Select a tool with a tip width less than the groove

width. • At the prompt Select the groove click anywhere on

the external groove. • Leave the default machining parameters unchanged.

Internal groove Do this like you did the external groove.

External thread • Select Machining Turning Thread. • Select the default tool. Select Face down for Tool

mounting. This ensures that the tool moves towards the chuck when you are cutting a right hand thread.

• At the prompt Select a line for threading click anywhere on the line representing the thread.

• Click on Select from standards. • Select a thread type, click on Next, select a pitch,

then click on Finish. • Leave the rest of the data unchanged.

View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 4

This tutorial shows

Defining a Form tool

Performing Single motions

Automatic tool gouge prevention

Part drawing

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Start a new file Start a new file and specify work setup data. This file is only for drawing the form tool, so you can specify any arbitrary work setup data.

Define the form tool • Defining a form tool involves the following steps:

Draw the form tool Export the shape to a file. Add the tool to the database.

R0.08

1

6

5 4

3 2

10

9

8 7

Draw the tool shape • Draw a Multiline through the following points.

Point X Z 1 0.0463 0.1359 2 0.32 0.27328 3 0.32 0.4 4 0.96 0.4 5 0.96 0.52 6 1.12 0.6 7 2.8 0.6 8 2.8 0.16 9 0.546 0.16 10 0.273 0.023

• Draw an arc of radius 0.08 between points 10 and 1.

Export to a form tool file • Select File → Form tools → Export. • Select the form tool by clicking individually on the

objects on it, or by enclosing them in a window. • Enter 0,0 for the reference point. • Enter Form4a for the file name

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Add the tool to the database • Select Utilities → Tool and FS database, and enter

cadem for the password. • Select the General - Inch library, and then click on

Configure tool library. • Expand the Form tool class and click on Form tool. • Right click the mouse in the Tool name window and

select Add a new tool. • Enter this data :

Identification= Relief tool Cutting speed factor for Roughing and Finishing= 1 Feed rate factor for Roughing and Finishing= 1

• Click on Tool geometry and enter this data: Form tool class = External turn Shape file name = Form4a Approach angle = 90 Nose angle = 0 Nose radius = 0.08 Hand of tool = Left

Exit from the library.

Define the part and blank

Start a new file. Specify the work setup data. Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part Rough turn Face and rough turn the part with a 55 degree insert left hand tool. The pocket cannot be completely machined by a left-hand tool. The automatic gouge prevention facility prevents the back edge of the tool from gouging into the part, and some material is left unmachined.

• Select a right hand tool with a 55 degree insert. • Turn the unmachined area with a Contour turn

operation. • Select points 1 and 2 for the start and end points of

machining. • Click on Advanced -> Machining area and select

Vertically for both options.

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Finish turn • Finish turn using the Finish turn operation, with a 35

degree insert left hand tool.

Turn relief groove using form tool • Select Machining → Single motions → Start

operation. • For Operation enter Relief groove. • Select Machining → Single motions → Tool and click

on New tool. • Select Relief tool from Form tool class. • Select Machining → Single motions → Spindle

speed and enter appropriate data. • Select Machining → Single motions →Rapid

traverse. Enter absolute coordinates 4 and –1.52 for X and Z respectively.

• Right click the mouse to select the same option again. Enter 1.36 for X, leave Z blank.

• Select Feed traverse, and enter relative coordinates –0.24 and –0.12 for dX and dZ, 0.004 for feed rate.

• Repeat the feed motion with relative coordinates 0.24 and 0.12 for dX and dZ.

• Select Machining → Single motions →End operation

View tool path Select a machine Generate NC program Generate shop documents

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Tutorial 5

This tutorial shows

Turning with a rotated tool.

Part drawing

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Start a new program Start a new program and specify the work setup data.

Define the part and blank

Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part

• Select the Contour face operation. • Select a neutral tool with a 35 degree insert. • Click on Edit tool geometry and set Rotation angle to

-90. • Select the start and end points of machining as

shown.

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Tutorial 6

This tutorial shows

Using a subprogram to perform repetitive operations.

Part drawing

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Start a new program Start a new program and specify the work setup data.

Define the part and blank

Draw and define the part and blank.

Machine the part

Perform all machining operations except the grooving

Define the grooving subprogram • Select Machining → Subprogram → Define. • Enter Groove as the Subprogram name. • Click on OK. • Select Machining → Single motions →Rapid

traverse. Enter relative coordinate –1.4 for dZ, leave dX blank.

• Similarly make a Feed traverse motion by a relative amount X –0.92 at the current Z co-ordinate with feed rate 0.006.

• Make a Rapid motion by a relative amount X 0.92 at the current Z co-ordinate.

• Click Done on the Single motions subprogram dialog box

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Call the subprogram • Select Machining → Single motions → Start

operation. • For Operation enter Groove. • Select Machining → Single motions → Tool and click

on New tool. • Select a grooving tool with the appropriate tip width. • Select Machining → Single motions → Spindle

speed and enter appropriate data. • Move the tool to an absolute position of X = 2.32 and

Z = 0.6 at rapid. • Select Machining → Subprogram → Call. Select

Groove as the name of the subprogram from the list that appears and enter 2 as Number of calls.

• Move the tool in rapid to an absolute position X = 4.32 at the current Z coordinate.

• Move the tool in rapid to an absolute position Z = -2.8 at the current X coordinate.

• Select Machining → Subprogram → Call. Select Groove for the name of the subprogram to be called and 3 for the Number of calls.

• Select Machining → Single motions →End operation.

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Customizing CAPSturn Customizing involves the following: Configuring the Tool and FS library so that it has your preferred tools and FS. Configuring the List of machines that you will be using CAPSturn for. Configuring the Postprocessors for your machines.

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Tutorial 7

Configuring the Tools and FS library The library has the following data:

Tools Tool materials Work piece materials Cutting parameters

The file Caps.mdb contains the library. It is stored in the folder in which CAPSturn is installed. Creating a new tool library Whenever you create a new tool library it gets stored in Caps.mdb file. To create a tool library you can :

3. Create a new tool library and enter all the tools, tool materials and cutting parameters from scratch, OR

4. Create a new library, copy the data from an existing library into it, then modify this library. The latter is the faster method. To do this: Create a new library • Select Utilities → Tool and FS database. • For the password enter ‘cadem’. • Right click the mouse anywhere in the list of libraries and select Add a new library. • Enter an appropriate name at the prompt Tool library name. • Select mm for Database units. • Enter appropriate remarks. Remarks are optional, and can be left blank.

Copy data from an existing library • Check Copy data from an existing library? • At the prompt Copy from, select General – mm from the list. • Click OK. • After the copying is completed click on Done. Adding a Work piece material • Click on the Work piece material tab. • Right click the mouse and select Add a new work material. • Enter the name of the material. • Enter the Specific cutting forces for various operations. These are used in calculating the spindle

power. Just enter the values from the nearest equivalent material from the existing list. Adding a Tool type You can define your own tool types to make tool selection easier. Tool types in turn belong to tool classes, which are fixed within CAPSturn. You can define Twist drill and Insert drill under the Drill tool class. • Click on the Tool library tab. • Select the tool library to which you want to add tool class. • Click on Configure tool library. • Right click on a Tool class. • Select Add a new tool type. • Enter the tool type name. • Enter the safe height. This will be common to all the tools of this type. Enter 1 for Z feed rate. It is

irrelevant for turning, only used in CAPSmill. • Click on OK

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Adding a Tool material

You can add a tool material in any tool type. • Click on the library, then on Configure tool library. • Expand the tool class list that contains the tool type by clicking on the +. • Click on the tool type. • Right click anywhere in the Tool material list. • Select Add a new tool material. • Enter the name of the material.

Adding Cutting parameters

Cutting parameters are specified for each combination of Work piece material-Tool type-Tool material.

• Right click on a material in the Tool material list. • Select Edit cutting parameters. • Enter the parameters.

The parameters to be entered are of two different types :

3. For tools like turning, grooving, threading, etc. : Single Cutting speed and feed rate. 4. For hole machining tools like drills : Multiple cutting speeds and feed rates, for different

diameter ranges. Type 1 Each tool in the database has its own cutting speed factor and feed rate factor, different values for roughing and finishing. During machining, the values entered here are multiplied by the factors. Example : If these are the parameters entered FS for a particular combination of workpiece material, tool material and tool type : Cutting speed = 250 m/min., Feed rate = 0.25 mm/rev. Cutting speed and feed rate factors for a particular tool : Roughing : 1.0, Finishing : 1.2 Feed rate factors for the tool : Roughing : 1.0, Finishing : 0.8 The parameters used during machining will be Roughing : Cutting speed = 250, Feed rate = 0.25 Finishing : Cutting speed = 300, Feed rate = 0.2 Type 2 Example : Feed rate Cutting speed Dia. range = 6; Feed rate = 0.1 Dia. range = 4; Cutting speed = 60 Dia. range = 12; Feed rate = 0.15 Dia. range = 15; Cutting speed = 80 Dia. range = 999; Feed rate = 0.2 Dia. range = 999; Cutting speed = 130 This means,

• Feedrate = 0.1 mm/rev. for drills upto dia. 6. 0.15 mm/rev. for drills larger than dia. 6 upto dia. 12. 0.2 mm/rev. for drills larger than dia. 12.

• Cutting speed = 60 m/min. for drills upto dia. 4. 80 m/min. for drills larger than dia. 4 upto dia. 15. 130 m/min. for drills larger than dia. 15.

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Adding a tool

• Select the Tool type • Right click the mouse in the tools list (under Tool name) and select Add a new tool • At the prompt Identification enter the name of the tool. • Select the type of coolant that must be used as default for this tool. When you select the tool for an

operation this is selected as default, but you can change it. • Click on Tool geometry and specify the geometry parameters

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Tutorial 8

Customizing the machines list The machines list is stored in the file Machines.mdb. • Select Machine from the main menu. • Click on Configure machines and enter the password ‘cadem’. Adding a machine

Ensure that the postprocessor file (.gpt file) for the machine is in the folder in which CAPSturn is installed. • Click on Add. • Enter the machine name. • For Output folder specify the folder in which you want the machine’s NC programs to be saved.

Ignore the prompt if you want the files to be saved in the CAPSturn folder. • For Machine data file select the postprocessor file corresponding to the machine. Modifying a machine

• Click on the machine and then click on Modify. Deleting a machine

• Click on the machine and then click on Delete. • The machine is removed from the list, but the postprocessor file is not deleted.

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Tutorial 9

Configuring a machine’s postprocessor CAPSturn already has posts for most of the popular controllers. Usually this is what you would do to make a post for your machine : 3. Copy an existing post closest to the one you require. 4. Make changes in the following areas of the post :

Machine mechanical data Program start lines Program end lines Tool change lines

To do this:

• Select Utilities → Postprocessor builder. Enter the password ‘cadem’. • Select File → Open and open the post file.

Modify mechanical data • Click on Machine Data and set various parameters.

Modify program start lines • Click on Block formats → Program start. • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Modify program end lines • Click on Block formats → Program end. • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Modify tool change lines • Click on Block formats → First tool change • Add, Delete or Modify any of the blocks. • Add any constant strings that you want. Repeat this for Tool change and Last tool change. Variables Anything in angular brackets is a variable. E.g., <#PROGRAM_NUM>. # outputs the variable with its address. $ outputs the variable without its address. The address is specified in NC words. To include a variable in a block format, click on the List variables button and select a variable. Constants • Any text that is in a block format that is not a variable will appear as it is.

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Cadem Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 264/75, 36th Cross, 8th Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 070, INDIA.

Tel: +91-80-26634767 / 26650561. Fax: +91-80-22442732 E-mail : [email protected]

Internet : www.cadem.com