Manifest Destiny

America Expands Manifest Destiny: The

idea that God gave Americans the continent and wanted them to settle western lands

America has its sight set on New Mexico, Texas and California

Poorly managed by Spain due to nomadic Indians

Oregon and California Word spread by missionaries, mountain

men, and trailblazers Mexican government couldn’t get own

citizens to move to California but Americans would (migrants)5 month tripFaced hunger, exposure and disease

The Donner Party resorted to cannibalism

Protected by the Treaty of Fort Laramie which kept the natives off the trails

Texas Mexico invited Americans

and gave them cheap land Became Mexican citizens live under Mexican laws,

no slavery…Texans don’t follow the rules though!

convert to Catholicism Led by Stephen Austin Began to outnumber

Tejanos (Mexicans in Texas)

Texans will not stand for this for long

Santa Anna takes over in Mexico, favored a strong government Texans rebel and form

their own republic/nation (Lone Star Republic)

Santa Anna retaliates at The Alamo and orders the Texans to be slaughtered…thought this would destroy their morale but only boosted it behind the rally cry of “Remember the Alamo”

Battle of San Jacinto

Surprise attack Over in 20 minutes Hundreds killed Santa Anna and 700 others captured

Signed a treaty recognizing Texan independence

Borders are south of Rio Grande (not accepted by Mexico)

The Republic of Texas Sam Houston

president Voted to become part

of US through annexationCongress was divided

because of slavery Jackson recognized

Texas as an independent nation

Applied for 9 years…denied

The Republic of Texas

Election of 1844 Key issue: Texas Anti-expansion: Henry Clay Manifest Destiny: James K. Polk

wanted all of Oregon “54°40’ or fight”: Polk wanted this line

to be the border between Canada and US

Settled for 49°40’ (write out to the side)wanted all of Texas (Rio Grande as border)won the election

Mexican-American War Texas was annexed but what will its southern

border be? Was it the Nueces River or the Rio Grande?Mexico says NuecesUS says Rio Grande (would triple the size of

Texas) US had the better navy and army, more

money, better officers (Winfield Scott)Take Rio GrandeConquer New Mexico, successfulControl California (Bear Flag Republic), successful

Mexican Cession

“aka” Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Mexico gave up CA, Utah, Nevada and part of NM and AZ

Rio Grande is the southern border

US stretched from ocean to ocean Manifest Destiny was a

success!

Gadsden Purchase US acquires all of

Arizona and New MexicoPurchased to get a

railroad across the entire continent (transcontinental)

Wilmot Proviso Proposed by David

Wilmot He suggested there be

no slavery in the new territoriesWould have violated the

36’30 provision in the Missouri Compromise

Led to even more sectionalism

Defeated in the Senate

California Gold Rush, 1849 Discovery of gold

helped settle the new land much quicker and why it became a state so fast

80,000 moved for quick richesPeople that went were

called 49ers because of the year

Let’s Review!1. What is the belief that God gave

Americans the continent and wanted them to settle it all?

A. Monroe Doctrine

B. Missouri Compromise

C. Manifest Destiny

2. Which of the following was a condition placed on American settlers moving to Texas?

A. Anglo-Texans must become Mexican citizens

B. Slavery, even though banned by the Mexican constitution, may be practiced

C. Settlers could worship as they wish

3. Who do you think had the better claim to Texas, Mexico or the American settlers? Why?

Let’s Review!

1. On what issues did the US and Mexico not agree on?

a. United States annexation of Texas and the boundary between Texas and Mexico

b. Texans’ rights to practice their own religion and to bring their slaves with them

c. Mexico pushing its northern border into Arkansas and Louisiana

2. What was the purpose of the Wilmot Proviso?

a. To reverse the terms of the Gadsden Purchase

b. To punish Mexico for going to war against the United States

c. To ban slavery and other forms of servitude from lands won from Mexico

3. The discovery of what metal, in 1849, created a population explosion in California?

a. Silver

b. Gold

c. Copper