BIOMETRIC ATMS: A MEASURE FOR ENHANCING ATM SECURITY IN INDIAN E-BANKING SYSTEM

Maneesh P M.Phil., Scholar Department of Economics, Gandhigram Rural Institute- Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul,

Deepa. N. R, Assistant Professor,Department of Economics, Gandhigram Rural Institute- Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu. E-mail: nrdeepa78@gmail.com

Introduction

Security is always an important concern for most Information Technology-related industries, particularly the banking industry.

ATMs are the largely used banking service which incure number of risks.

A PIN is required for getting money out of the ATMs and if that PIN is hacked by someone then consumer can lose his money.

To overcome such problem, banks and financial institutions can have a security solution which is developed with a combination of the current technology with biometrics using physical characteristics like fingerprints, eyes and hands scanners to authenticate a person.

Each person has his own biometric identification which is unique

Objective of Study

1. To study the scope of biometric authentication technology in ATMs.

2. To examine the role and importance of biometric technology in ATM security.

3. To analyse the advantages and dis advantages of biometric ATMs.

Research Methodology The present study is entirely relay on secondary sources. Data are

collected from concerned research articles, Books, Journals,

magazines, web sites, various reports and publications relating to

biometrics and e- banking.

What is Biometrics?

The term “biometrics” is derived from two Greek words “bios” and “metric”; which implies life and measurement respectively.

The term is usually deals with identification of the unique physiological and behavioural characteristics of individuals.

Biometrics is concerned with identifying a person based on his physiological or behavioural characteristics. In other words, biometrics is the science of authenticating physical characteristics like fingerprints, eyes and hands to identify and authenticate those persons who use the system.

Biometric ATMs provide security to banking system for both customer’s and bankers.

Application of Biometric Technology for ATM Security

The bank provide ATM card along with PIN to customers at the time of account opening. If the users have the ATM cards then it will be easy for the criminals to steal the card details of the particular customer. Once ATM card is lost and the password is stolen, the users’ account is vulnerable to attack.

Biometrics technologies are a secure means of authentication because biometrics data are unique and permanent, which cannot be share and cannot be copy.

A biometric authentication system is a pattern recognition system that works by obtaining biometric data from an individual, extracting a feature set of data acquired, and comparing this acquired sample with earlier recorded template. If the old pattern matched with new scanned pattern then it permits user to process the action.

Functioning of Biometric Authentification

The combination of biometric data and biometric authentification /identification technologies creates the biometric security systems.

Pre-processing

Application Device

Stored Templates

Sensor

MatcherTemplate Generator

Feature Extractor

Test

Enrollment

Advantages of Biometric ATMs

1. It offers high security.

2. It reduces some of the illegal activities like stealing the credit card, guessing the passwords to some extent.

3. The user can access many bank accounts; there is no need for him/her to carry many ATM cards. The user can simply make a transaction using his finger. Using a Biometric is a far more secure system than using a magnetic strip card, as every fingerprint is unique.

4. Biometrics can help the semi-literate people for the easy ATM transactions.

5. Biometric data cannot be got lost, stolen, duplicated or forgotten like ATM cards.

6. Flexible account access allows service users to access their account as per their convenience.

Dis advantages of Biometric ATMs 1. Expensive security solution- more instruments are required to

be installed in ATM centers.

2. Criminals have known to remove fingers to open the Biometric locks.

3. The finger prints of the people working in chemical industries, should not use this biometric.

4. Due to biometric only account holder can access account.

5. The varying reliability of biometric systems. The biometrics of people can change when they age or su er physical injuries or ffdiseases.

6. If service user is unable to input correct identification within 4 chances then his/her account will be blocked and if such block more than four in three months then his/her account is blocked and he/she has to re-identify himself in their home bank.

Multimodal Biometrics and Two-tier Security

Multi biometrics deals with the combination of two or more biometrics

The integration of two or more types of biometric verification systems called ‘multibiometrics’, helps to add two tire security in ATM transactions.

The multimodal biometrics taken under consideration is fingerprint and iris biometric system, Iris and face biometric system and Face and fingerprint biometric system.

Multiple biometrics helps in improving the accuracy of the overall system and it provides a secondary means of enrollment and verification.

Conclusion Conventional ATM systems are replaced with Biometric systems which made advancement in transaction process, as it becomes easier, reliable, secure, and eliminating the need of carrying any kind of cards to do ATM operations.

Biometric ATMs are very comfortable to illetates and aged peoples to carry out their banking activities.

Multimodal biometrics along with two-tier security provides a higher level of security and reduces operating and various kinds of risks associated with the cards and PIN. But the cost spend to design and implement this type of system is higher when compared to the existing ATM system.

References 1. Archana Kande and A .Govardhan(2013) Enhance the Security in the ATM System with

Multimodal Biometrics and Two-Tier Security, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(10), 261-266.

2. Banavalikar Akshaykumar, Channabasayya Konurmath, Deepti P. Desai, Pavan G.Tadas, Praveen Kumar and N.Hadapad (2015), Biometrics Usage In ATM Transaction, International Journal of Emerging Technology in Computer Science & Electronics, 14(2), 627-631.

3. Betab Gazal and Ranjeet Kaur Sandhu (2014), Fingerprints in Automated Teller Machine-A Survey, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 3(4), 183-186.

4. Gupta Namit and Anu Sharma (2013) Review of Biometric Technologies Used For ATM Security, International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue 2, 460-465.

5. Kumar Swatantra, Sanjay Baijal and Arjumand Bano (2015), Biometric-A Fraud Reduction Technology in E-payment and its impact on Inclusive Growth of India, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 3(2), 300-306.

6. Preetam Neenu and Harsh Gupta (2014) Cardless Cash Access Using Biometric ATM Security System, International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology & Engineering, 3 (11), 13-17.

7. Sawant B.S. and S.T. Bhosale (2012), Security In E-Banking Via Card Less Biometric ATMs, International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research, 2(4), 9-12

THANK YOU