Mandarin Chinese E-book: Most Popular Mandarin Chinese Words (2014 Edition)

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Transcript of Mandarin Chinese E-book: Most Popular Mandarin Chinese Words (2014 Edition)

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©©©© CopyrightCopyrightCopyrightCopyright 2014201420142014 bybybyby eChineseLearningeChineseLearningeChineseLearningeChineseLearning

All rights reserved. No part of this publication can be reproduced, distributedor transmitted without the prior written permission of eChineseLearning.

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First Published December 2009Second Edition Published October 2010Third Edition Published November 2012

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TableTableTableTable ofofofof ContentsContentsContentsContents

ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第一章第一章第一章第一章::::汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 相亲(xiāngqīn) Blind date/to have a blind date

2. 裸婚(luǒhūn) Getting married with no car, no house, and no wedding ceremony

3. 低调(dīdiào) Keep a low profile

4. 你懂的(nǐdǒng de) You know.

5. 拍马屁(pāimǎpì) Kiss up to someone

6. 物质(wùzhì) Materialistic

7. 靠谱(kàopǔ) Reliable/ To be trusted

8. 涨(zhăng) Raise

9. 拼(pīn) To put together or to unite

10. 给力(gěilì) Cool/Great

ChapterChapterChapterChapter Two:Two:Two:Two: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords onononon InternetInternetInternetInternet (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第二章第二章第二章第二章::::汉语十大网络流行词汇汉语十大网络流行词汇汉语十大网络流行词汇汉语十大网络流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 伤不起(shāngbùqǐ) I can’t be hurt anymore!

2. 神马都是浮云(shénmǎ dōu shì fúyún.) Everything is nothing.

3. hold住(hold zhù) I got this under control./Hang in there!

4. 亲(qīn) Dear

5. 山寨(shānzhài) Shanzhai

6. 宅(zhái) To stay at home all day

7. 房奴(fángnú) Mortgage slave

8. 闪(shăn) To act quickly

9. 秀(xiù) Show

10. 团购(tuángòu) Group purchasing

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter Three:Three:Three:Three: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords onononon CampusCampusCampusCampus (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第三章第三章第三章第三章::::汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 纠结(jiūjié) Be entangled with

2. 牛(niú) Excellent

3. 校花(xiàohuā) School beauty

4. 翘课(qiàokè) To skip school

5. 放鸽子(fàng gēzi) To fail to keep an appointment

6. 挂科(guàkē) To fail an exam

7. 兼职(jiānzhí) Part-time job

8. 吹牛(chuīniú) Brag and boast

9. 忽悠(hūyou) Hoodwink

10. 学妹(xuémèi) Younger female schoolmate or alumna

ChapterChapterChapterChapter Four:Four:Four:Four: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords forforforfor RelationshipsRelationshipsRelationshipsRelationships (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第四章第四章第四章第四章::::汉语十大约会流行词汇汉语十大约会流行词汇汉语十大约会流行词汇汉语十大约会流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 高富帅(gāo fù shuài) Tall, Rich and Handsome

2. 我爱你(wǒ ài nǐ) I love you

3. 红颜知己(hóngyánzhījǐ) Female soul mate

4. 热恋(rèliàn) Head over heels in love

5. 吃软饭(chīruǎnfàn) A male who lives on the earnings of a female

6. 早恋(zǎoliàn) Puppy Love/ Falling in Love at an early age

7. 第三者(dìsānzhě) Someone who is in an adulterous relationship with a married man

or woman

8. 暗送秋波(ànsòngqiūbō) Secretly to cast flirtatious looks at somebody

9. 异地恋(yìdì liàn) Long-distance relationship

10. 来电(láidiàn) To click with someone/ Have sparks

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter Five:Five:Five:Five: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords forforforfor EntertainmentEntertainmentEntertainmentEntertainment (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第五章第五章第五章第五章::::汉语十大娱乐流行词汇汉语十大娱乐流行词汇汉语十大娱乐流行词汇汉语十大娱乐流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 萌(méng) Young and innocent

2. 新秀(xīnxiù) Up-and-coming youngster

3. 大片(dàpiānr) A high budget blockbuster movie

4. 八卦(bāguà) Gossip

5. 绯闻(fēiwén) Pink news/ Love affair

6. 狗仔队(gǒuzǎiduì) Paparazzi

7. 大腕(dàwànr) Big shot

8. 炒作(chǎozuò) To hype

9. 粉丝(fěnsī) Fans

10. 火(huǒ) Hot

ChapterChapterChapterChapter Six:Six:Six:Six: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords forforforfor SportsSportsSportsSports (2014(2014(2014(2014 Edition)Edition)Edition)Edition)

第六章第六章第六章第六章::::汉语十大体育流行词汇汉语十大体育流行词汇汉语十大体育流行词汇汉语十大体育流行词汇 (2014(2014(2014(2014版版版版))))

1. 大满贯(dàmǎnguàn) Grand slam

2. 蝉联(chánlián) To defend one’s title successfully

3. 拉拉队(lālāduì) Cheering squad

4. 菜鸟(càiniǎo) Newbie or novice

5. 乌龙球(wūlóngqiú) Own goal

6. 爆冷门(bàolěngmén) To have an unexpected winner

7. 翻盘(fānpán) To turn defeat into victory

8. 东道主(dōngdàozhǔ) Host

9. 黑马(hēimǎ) Dark horse

10. 力挺(lìtǐng) To support strongly

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

1.1.1.1. 相亲(xi(xi(xi(xiāāāāngqngqngqngqīīīīn)n)n)n) BlindBlindBlindBlind date/todate/todate/todate/to havehavehavehave aaaa blindblindblindblind datedatedatedateOriginOriginOriginOriginCaught up in the hustle and bustle of city life and striving to get ahead, many "剩男

(shèngnán) single men" and "剩女(shèngnǚ) women" find themselves alone as a result oftheir excessive devotion to work. It is under these circumstances that "相亲 (xiāngqīn)blind dating" has grown incredibly in popularity. TV programs based around the concept ofthe "相亲(xiāngqīn) Blind date" have sprung up to cater to this need. Some prominent TVprograms like "非诚勿扰 (Fēichéngwùrǎo)" and websites like "世纪佳缘 (Shìjìjiāyuán)"and "百合网(Bǎihéwǎng)" have not only led the industry to a new prosperous era, but havealso provided viewers with a much needed platform for socializing. The market dominanceof such platforms reflects the prevalence of blind dating in today's society.

In fact, the phenomenon of the blind date can be traced back to ancient China. At that time,through the work of matchmakers, two families who were previously unacquainted wouldmeet and evaluate the other family's background and status. If both sides were satisfied, amarriage would be arranged. A major difference between this ancient practice and what wefind today is that the decision making over partner choice and marriage has shifted fromthe parents into the hands of the couple themselves.

ExampleExampleExampleExampleMary: 嗨,听说你昨天去相亲了,怎么样啊?

Hāi, tīngshuō nǐ zuótiān qù xiāngqīn le, zěnmeyàng a?Hi, I heard that you had a blind date yesterday. How was it?

Tina: 别提了,我一点儿感觉都没有。

Biétí le, wǒ yìdiǎnr gǎnjué dōu méiyou.Don't remind me. I have no feelings for him at all.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

2.2.2.2. 裸婚(lu(lu(lu(luǒǒǒǒhhhhūūūūn)n)n)n) GettingGettingGettingGetting marriedmarriedmarriedmarried withwithwithwith nononono car,car,car,car, nononono house,house,house,house, andandandand nononono weddingweddingweddingweddingceremonyceremonyceremonyceremonyOriginOriginOriginOrigin"裸婚(luǒhūn) getting married without having a car, a house, and an elaborate weddingceremony" became a popular internet phrase recently. A vastly growing number of youngpeople are putting less emphasis on the "traditional" marriage practice."

The typical person willing to "裸婚(luǒhūn)” or “get married without a car, a house, andan elaborate wedding" is in the 20-35 age group, and more open-minded and willing toaccept new trends than the average person. Some are well educated, "白领 (báilǐng)white-collar workers" with high-level incomes. They believe that there is nothing wrongwith two people living together with a marriage certificate and not having done any ofthe traditional customs.

ExampleExampleExampleExampleLily: 你打算什么时候生宝宝?

Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou shēng bǎobao?When do you plan to have a baby?

Lucy: 我们是裸婚,等攒够了钱,再做打算吧。

Wǒmen shìluǒhūn, děng zǎn gòu le qián, zài zuò dǎsuàn ba.We got married without a car, a house, and a wedding ceremony. We plan tohave children once we have saved enough money.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

3.3.3.3. 低调(d(d(d(dīīīīdidididiàààào)o)o)o) KeepKeepKeepKeep aaaa lowlowlowlow profileprofileprofileprofileOriginOriginOriginOriginThe word “低调(dīdiào)” means to keep a low profile. It comes from a sentence “高调做

事,低调做人(Gāodiào zuòshì, dīdiào zuòrén),” which means to work in a high profileand behave in a low profile. Another sentence shares the same meaning: “竖起桅杆做事,

砍倒桅杆做人 (Shùqǐ wéigǎn zuòshì, kǎndǎo wéigǎn zuòrén).” It means that when youtry to catch fish on the sea, you can put up the mast to speed up your ship. And when youencounter the storm, you should cut the mast off to survive.

UsageUsageUsageUsage“低(dī)” means low. In the word “低调(dīdiào),” it also refers to something inconspicuous.And “调 (diào),” as a noun, can be used to refer to melody and tune of music. “低调

(dīdiào)” means that one is modest and prudent toward people, and should not make ashow of his ability in front of others. So when there are people who tend to flauntthemselves in public, we can say “you should 低调(dīdiào) keep a low profile.”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 我们在整个事件中必须保持低调。

Wǒmen zài zhěnggè shìjiàn zhōng bìxū bǎochí dīdiào.We must keep the whole thing in a low profile.

2. 他这人一直很低调。

Tā zhè rén yìzhí hěn dīdiào.He always keeps a low profile.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

4.4.4.4. 你懂的(n(n(n(nǐǐǐǐddddǒǒǒǒngngngng de)de)de)de) YouYouYouYou know.know.know.know.The expression "你懂的 (nǐdǒng de)" was translated from the English expression"you know." Its popularization is due to a video “Old Boy,” made by the ChopsticksBrothers. It's a story about two middle-aged friends who combine their talents theylearned in middle school to participate in a sort of "China's Got Talent" competition.In the video, the expression "你懂的 (nǐdǒng de)" expresses an acknowledgment oftheir shared nostalgia of youth. Ever since then, "你懂的 (nǐdǒng de)" has becomea popular expression when two people share a mutual comprehension of a time orfeeling. The phrase simply means, "you really do understand," mixed with theFrench mood of "c'est la vie!"

Nowadays, the saying is frequently used to assure an understanding between twopeople in conversation. Next time you find yourself in a situation where detailsaren't convenient to say out loud, a simple "你懂的 (nǐdǒng de)" conveys "youunderstand what I'm talking about."

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples

1. Tom: Mike,你怎么和 Mary 在一起了?

Mike, nǐ zěnme hé Mary zài yìqǐ le?Mike, how come you are now with Mary?

Mike: 小点儿声,你懂的……Xiǎodiǎnr shēng, nǐ dǒng de…Keep it down, you know what's been going on…

2. Lily: 怎么了?愁眉苦脸的。

Zěnme le? Chóuméikǔliǎn de.What's wrong? Why such a long face?

Lucy: 我忘记准备老板要的文件了,结果…你懂的。

Wǒ wàngjì zhǔnbèi lǎobǎn yào de wénjiàn le, jiéguǒ… Nǐ dǒng de.I forgot to prepare the documents for my boss, so now…well, you knowwhat'll happen.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

5.5.5.5. 拍马屁(p(p(p(pāāāāimimimimǎǎǎǎppppìììì)))) KissKissKissKiss upupupup totototo someonesomeonesomeonesomeoneOriginOriginOriginOriginIn Yuan Dynasty, herders took great pride in raising horses. When horse herdersencountered one another, they would often pat the buttocks of the other’s horse and say,“What a good horse!” to fawn on the owner of the horse. At first, people only praisedtruly good horses, but soon people began to do so to flatter others, regardless of whetherthe herder's horse was good or bad, strong or weak. This action became known as “拍马

屁(pāimǎpì).”

UsageUsageUsageUsageLiterally, “拍马屁(pāimǎpì)” refers to patting a horse’s buttocks: “拍(pāi)” means to pat,“马(mǎ)” is horse, and “屁(pì)” refers to fart or buttocks. But now “拍马屁(pāimǎpì)” iswidely used as an analogy to ridicule blatant flattery that is meant to please others withoutregard for objective reality. Consequently, people who like to kiss up are called “马屁精

(mǎpìjīng).”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 这家伙是拍马屁的好手,总能让上司高兴!

Zhè jiāhuo shì pāimǎpì de hǎoshǒu, zǒng néng ràng shàngsī gāoxìng!This guy is an expert at kissing up, always pleasing his authorities!

2. 他善于拍马屁,所以升迁很快。

Tā shànyú pāimǎpì, suǒyǐ shēngqiān hěn kuài.He is good at kissing up, so he gets promoted very quickly.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

6.6.6.6. 物质(w(w(w(wùùùùzhzhzhzhìììì)))) MaterialisticMaterialisticMaterialisticMaterialisticOriginOriginOriginOriginThe phrase “物质 (wùzhì)” means materialistic, and comes from a poem during the JinDynasty. It originally is a noun and refers to substance and materials. With many peoplepaying more attention to materialistic things, now the phrase, as an adjective, is used todescribe someone who is more concerned about material life such as money and clothes.

UsageUsageUsageUsage“物(wù)” refers to matters or objects and “质(zhì)” refers to quality.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 你也太物质了吧。

Nǐ yě tài wùzhì le ba.You are so materialistic.

2. 不要太物质了,精神生活也是很必要的。

Búyào tài wùzhì le, jīngshen shēnghuó yě shì hěn bìyào de.You shouldn't be so materialistic, for spiritual life is necessary too.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

7.7.7.7. 靠谱(k(k(k(kààààopopopopǔǔǔǔ)))) Reliable/ToReliable/ToReliable/ToReliable/To bebebebe trustedtrustedtrustedtrustedOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“靠谱 (kàopǔ)” originated from northern China and means reliable and to be trusted.When you pronounce it, you can add 儿 (ér) at the end of “谱 (pǔ),” just like “靠谱儿

(kàopǔr).” If you say that something is “靠谱儿 (kàopǔr),” that means it is feasible andpossible. The opposite is “ 不 靠 谱 儿 (bú kàopǔr)” which means that something isdigressing from the subject, straying from the point or is unpractical. “靠(kào)” means torely on. “谱 (pǔ)” means music scores literally, but here it refers to feasibility andrationality.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 你这人真不靠谱儿!

Nǐ zhè rén zhēn bú kàopǔr!You're so unreliable!

2. 这件事一点都不靠谱儿,估计不好办。

Zhè jiàn shì yì diǎn dōu bú kàopǔr, gūjì bù hǎo bàn.This isn't feasible at all. I'm afraid that it will be difficult to do.

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ChapterChapterChapterChapter One:One:One:One: TopTopTopTop TenTenTenTen PopularPopularPopularPopular DailyDailyDailyDaily ChineseChineseChineseChinese WordsWordsWordsWords

第一章第一章第一章第一章:::: 汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇汉语十大生活流行词汇

8.8.8.8. 涨 (zh(zh(zh(zhǎǎǎǎng)ng)ng)ng) RiseRiseRiseRiseComponentsComponentsComponentsComponents andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageChinese character "涨 (zhǎng)" is made up of the radical "氵" relating to water and theremaining part "张 (zhāng)," which is a character usually used for a surname."涨 (zhǎng)" has two basic meanings in Mandarin language. First, it means the river risesand is related to water, such as "涨水 (zhǎngshuǐ) freshet" and "涨潮 (zhǎngcháo) risingtide." Second, it means a price rises, such as "涨价(zhǎngjià) price raise" and "物价上涨

(wùjià shàng zhǎng) price hike."

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 几天暴雨,小河开始涨水,连小桥都淹没了。

Jǐ tiān bàoyǔ, xiǎohé kāishǐ zhǎngshuǐ, lián xiǎoqiáo dōu yānmò le.The creek rose and flooded the small bridge.

2. A: 鸡蛋又涨价了。

Jīdàn yòu zhǎngjià le.The price of eggs has risen again.

B: 是啊,白菜都涨了呢。

Shì a, báicài dōu zhǎng le ne.Yes, so has the price of cabbage.

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9.9.9.9. 拼 (P(P(P(Pīīīīn)n)n)n) ToToToTo PutPutPutPut TogetherTogetherTogetherTogether orororor totototo UniteUniteUniteUniteMeaningMeaningMeaningMeaning andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“拼 (pīn)” originally means to put together or to unite. Recently, “拼 (pīn)” means thatpeople work together to accomplish certain objectives. For instance, some popular dailyChinese words starting with “拼 (pīn)” appeared.拼车 (pīnchē) means “carpool,” where 车 means car.拼游 (pīnyóu) means “to travel together, ” where 游 means to travel.拼吃 (pīnchī) means “to eat together,” where 吃 means to eat.拼住 (pīnzhù) means “share a room,” where 住 means to live.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamplesA: 嗨,你也在人民路上班吗?我经常见你 步行去那儿呢。

Hēi, nǐ yě zài Rénmínlù shàngbān ma? Wǒ jīngcháng jiàn nǐ bùxíng qù nàr ne.Hi, do you work on Renmin Road? I often saw you go there on foot.

B: 是呀,我刚搬来这儿不久, 还没有找到合适拼车的人。

Shì ya, wǒ gāng bān lái zhèr bùjiǔ, hái méiyǒu zhǎo dào héshì pīnchē de rén.Yes, I just moved here recently, and I haven’t found the right person to carpool with.

A: 那你愿意和我拼车吗?我也在人民路上班。

Nà nǐ yuànyìhé wǒ pīnchē ma? Wǒ yě zài Rénmínlù shàngbān.Are you willing to carpool with me? I also work on Renmin Road.

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10101010.... 给力 (g(g(g(gěěěěililililìììì)))) Cool/GreatCool/GreatCool/GreatCool/GreatOriginOriginOriginOrigin"给力 (gěilì)" was probably one of the most "流行 (liúxíng) popular" new phrases in theChinese language in 2010. It is an expression deriving from the Manlam dialect and itmeans "awesome" or "very good."

It spread widely during the period of 2010 World Cup because it expresses excitement ofthe soccer fans. If we choose words from modern English to explain the expression,"awesome," "cool," and "exciting" are suitable choices. Foreign media sometimestranslate it literally as "giving power." Interestingly, it was not "给力 " but it was theantonym "不给力 (bù gěilì)" that was popular on the Internet at first.

In fact, "给力" is an ancient word in the Chinese language. It describes how governmentauthorities used to pay for their officials with servants. More specifically, the royalgovernment gave different officials different numbers of servants depending on the rankof the officials. These servants provided free household services or worked in the fieldsfor the officials.

ExampleExampleExampleExample1. A: 昨天晚上你看 NBA 比赛了吗?

Zuótiān wǎnshang nǐ kàn NBA bǐsài le ma?Did you watch the NBA game last night?

B: 当然。湖人队太给力了。

Dāngrán. Húrén duì tài gěilì le.Of course. The L.A. Lakers was great!

2. 这个游戏一点儿都不给力。

Zhège yóuxì yìdiǎnr dōu bù gěilì.This game is not cool at all.

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1.1.1.1. 伤不起(sh(sh(sh(shāāāāngbngbngbngbùùùùqqqqǐǐǐǐ)))) IIII cancancancan’’’’tttt bebebebe hurthurthurthurt anymore!anymore!anymore!anymore!OriginOriginOriginOrigin"伤不起 (shāngbùqǐ)" means that someone has already been hurt enough that shecan’tstand any more torment.

At first, "伤不起 (shāngbùqǐ)" was only popular in schools and on the internet, but now"伤不起(shāngbùqǐ)" is widely used in daily life. Some television programs are using thisphrase to create dramas. It has even been used as a song title by popular singers.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 没有房子的男人,你伤不起啊。

Méiyǒu fángzi de nánrén, nǐ shāngbùqǐ a.The man without a house can’t be hurt anymore.

Note:In China, from ancient times until now, Chinese people have had a rooted tradition –theyhave always wanted to own their own houses. In Chinese people’s mind, if you want tohave a family, you’d better own a house first; this is especially emphasized for men, whousually have the burden to buy a house before marriage.

2. 奔三的女人,你伤不起啊。

Bēnsān de nǚrén, nǐ shāngbùqǐ a.A woman in her late 20s can’t be hurt anymore.

Note:"奔(bēn)" means "to hurry/to rush." In the phrase "奔三(bēnsān)," "三(sān)" refers to aperson in their thirties. "奔三(bēnsān)" refers to the people who are in their late 20s,rushing to their 30s. In China, itmeans that they sometimes feelthey become too old to besingle.

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2.2.2.2. 神马都是浮云(sh(sh(sh(shéééénmnmnmnmǎǎǎǎ ddddōōōōushushushushìììì ffffúúúúyyyyúúúúnnnn....)))) EverythingEverythingEverythingEverything isisisis nothing.nothing.nothing.nothing.OriginOriginOriginOrigin"神马(shénmǎ)" literally refers to a horse who acquires the ability to use magic. But herepeople use the "谐音(xiéyīn)partial tone between "神马(shénmǎ)" and "什么(shénme)" sothat "神马(shénmǎ)" is "什么(shénme)" in the phrase and means "what."

The word "浮云(fúyún)" literally means floating clouds, but here it refers to the thingslike money, and fame. This meaning originated from the Confucius’ attitude towards"riches and fame." Combining"神马(shénmǎ)" and "浮云(fúyún)," the phrase "神马都是

浮云(shénmǎdōushìfúyún)" means "everything is nothing." Now people also say "一切都

是浮云(yíqièdōushìfúyún)" to mean the same thing.

Note: Chinesepeople sometimesuse the partial tone to make sentences more interesting.For example, use "童鞋(tóngxié)" instead of "同学(tóngxué)" to mean classmate.However, this is not accepted as part of standard Chinese.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 金钱、名利 对我们 来 说都是浮云,只有健康才是最重要的。

Jīnqián, mínglì duì wǒmen lái shuō dōu shì fúyún, zhǐyǒu jiànkāng cái shì zuìzhòngyào de.Money and fame are nothing for us. It is health that is most important to us.

2. 只要能快快乐乐的生活,其他一切都是 浮云。

Zhǐ yào néng kuàikuàilèlè de shēnghuó, qítā yíqiè dōushì fúyún.Everything else is nothing as long as we can live happily.

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3.3.3.3. holdholdholdhold住(hold(hold(hold(hold zhzhzhzhùùùù)))) IIII gotgotgotgot thisthisthisthis underunderunderunder control./Hangcontrol./Hangcontrol./Hangcontrol./Hang inininin there!there!there!there!OriginOriginOriginOrigin“Hold住” originated from the Sino-British mixed language in Hong Kong. Its suddenpopularization was sparked by an internet sensation, Miss Lin, who during an appearanceon a Taiwanese variety show, demonstrated high fashion to college students by usingexaggerated styles, pretentious English and sexual behavior to the surprise of the livetelevision audience. While going through her sudden style transformations, she would usethe catchphrase, “整个场面我要 hold住。(Zhěngge chǎngmiàn wǒ yào hold zhù.) I got itunder control.”

Since then, netizens began to use the phrase “hold 住 (hold zhù)”to express a sense ofconfidence and control when under pressure. The character “住 (zhù)” in this expressionmeans “stable or solid;” just as if one were an immovable mountain. When you’reconfident in handling a situation, you can ease any skepticism with the simple assurance:“我能 hold 住。(Wǒnéng hold zhù.) I can get this under control.” Many people may alsouse “hold 住” to cheer someone on, kind of like saying “hold on,” or “hang in there!”Also, keep in mind that its antonym “hold 不住(hold búzhù)” is used to admit a situationhas spiraled out of control, or that somebody can’t handle a situation.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples2012跨年之夜,Lady Gaga 再次以雷人造型 hold住全场。

2012 kuànián zhī yè, Lady Gaga zàicìyǐ léirén zàoxíng hold zhù quánchǎng.At the 2012 New Year's Eve party, Lady Gaga captivated the audience with anothershocking get-ups.

Susan: 连着加班好几天了,我都累死了。

Lián zhe jiābān hǎo jǐtiān le, wǒ dōu lèi sǐ le.We’ve been working over time a few days in a row now. I’m exhausted.

Elaine: 一定要 hold住!马上就放元旦假了!

Yí dìngyào hold zhù! Mǎshàng jiù fàngYuándàn jià le!Hang in there! New Year’s holiday is just around the corner.

Susan: 就怕 hold不住呀!

Jiù pà hold bú zhù yɑ!I am afraid that I can’t.

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4.4.4.4. 亲(q(q(q(qīīīīn)n)n)n) DearDearDearDear"亲 (qīn) " is short for "亲爱的(qīn'ài de) dear." "亲 (qīn) Dear" originated from theonline conversation between sellers and buyers on Taobao.com, which is the Chineseversion of eBay.The word "亲 (qīn)" helps the sellers create a friendly image, and somecustomers maycall the sellers "亲 (qīn) dear" back.

Now, you may hear people say "亲 (qīn) dear" in daily greetings. For example: "亲,能帮

我个忙吗?(Qīn, néngbāngwǒgemáng ma?) Dear, could you please do me a favor?"

ExampleExampleExampleExampleLisa: 亲,你觉得这条裙子怎么样?

Qīn, nǐ juéde zhè tiáo qúnzi zěnme yàng?Dear, how do you likethis dress?

Anne: 我很喜欢,价钱也便宜。

Wǒ hěn xǐhuan, jiàqián yě piányi.I love it, and this dress is also very cheap.

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5.5.5.5. 山寨(sh(sh(sh(shāāāānzhnzhnzhnzhàààài)i)i)i) ShanzhaiShanzhaiShanzhaiShanzhaiOriginOriginOriginOriginThe Chinese word “山寨(shānzhài)” literally refers to remote mountain villages that aremostly beyond the reach of administrative control. Recently, the word has been used todescribe people who imitate celebrities, or describe products that have borrowed ideasfrom famous brands products. “ 山 寨 (shānzhài)” has become a culture of its own,symbolizing anything that imitates something famous.

UsageUsageUsageUsageBesides “山寨(shānzhài)” electronic products, of which there are many, there are “山寨

(shānzhài)” movies, “山寨 (shānzhài)” stars, and even a “山寨 (shānzhài)” SpringFestival Gala--a copy of the 25-year-old traditional show presented by CCTV on ChineseLunar New Year’s Eve.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 这款山寨手机性能不错啊。

Zhèkuǎn shānzhài shǒujī xìngnéng búcuò a!The functions of this Shanzhai cell phone are not bad.

2. 这个山寨明星模仿太像了,我都分辨不清真假了。

Zhège shānzhài míngxīng mófǎng tài xiàng le, wǒ dōu fēnbiàn bùqīng zhēnjiǎ le.This Shanzhai star imitates so well that I can’t distinguish between him and the realstar.

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6.6.6.6. 宅(zh(zh(zh(zháááái)i)i)i) ToToToTo staystaystaystay atatatat homehomehomehome allallallall daydaydaydayOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“宅(zhái)” means house or residence. Now people give “宅(zhái)” a new meaning and useit to describe those who seldom go out but stay at home all day. They usually rely on theInternet to connect with the outside world. They can stay at home for several weeks at atime. Later, people invented two additional popular words using “宅(zhái).” One word is“宅男(zháinán),” which refers to a male who likes staying at home and hardly takes partin social activities. The other one is “宅女 (zháinǚ),” the female version of “宅男

(zháinán).”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 他很宅。

Tā hěn zhái.He always stays at home all day.

2. 他是一个宅男。

Tā shì yīgè zháinán.He is always staying at home.

3. 他的老婆是个宅女。

Tā de lǎopó shì gè zháinǚ.His wife is always staying at home.

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7.7.7.7. 房奴(f(f(f(fáááángnngnngnngnúúúú)))) MortgageMortgageMortgageMortgage slaveslaveslaveslaveOriginOriginOriginOriginIn Shenzhen, a southern city in China, it’s always very costly for common workers to buyan apartment or a house. A 32 -year-old Shenzhener surnamed Zhou from Futiancomplained that over half of his monthly salary went to pay his mortgage. Zhou felt hehad become oppressed like serfs who couldn’t leave the land on which they worked. Hewas the first person to use “房奴 (fángnú)” to describe his miserable situation as amortgage slave. “房奴(fángnú)” became popular very soon.

UsageUsageUsageUsage“房奴 (fángnú)” describes those who have to pay a significant portion of their monthlysalary towards a mortgage payment. In order to pay off the mortgage, they dare notchange their jobs. They spend little money on entertainment, and cannot afford to travel,let alone enjoy life. Meanwhile, they worry about being sick and losing their jobs.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 那个女孩很会享受生活,不愿意将自己变成房奴。

Nàgè nǚhái hěnhuì xiǎngshòu shēnghuó, bú yuànyì jiāng zìjǐ biànchéng fángnú.That girl really knows how to enjoy life, not willing to turn herself into a mortgageslave.

2. 越来越多的年轻人一毕业就成为房奴了。

Yuèláiyuèduō de niánqīngrén yī bìyè jiù chéngwéi fángnú le.More and more newly graduated young people have become mortgage slaves.

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8.8.8.8. 闪(sh(sh(sh(shăăăăn)n)n)n) ToToToTo actactactact quicklyquicklyquicklyquicklyOriginOriginOriginOrigin“闪(shăn)” originally means to sparkle or flash.

UsageUsageUsageUsageFor instance, “闪耀(shănyào)” means glitter or shine. But it has a new meaning: describethose who act quickly. “闪人 (shănrén)” means that somebody leaves quickly. “闪婚

(shănhūn)” means getting married quickly (note: often means pre-maturely).

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 我先闪人了,你一会再过来找我吧。

Wŏ xiān shănrén le, nĭ yíhuì zài guòlái zhăo wŏ ba.Let me go first. You may come to see me later.

2. 没时间了,我们得闪了。

Méi shíjiān le, wǒmen děi shǎn le.Time is up. We have to go now.

3. 他俩才认识一个月就闪婚了。

Tā liă cái rènshi yígèyuè jiù shănhūn le.They got married so quickly since they knew each other only for a month.

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9.9.9.9. 秀(xi(xi(xi(xiùùùù)))) ShowShowShowShowOriginOriginOriginOriginLiterally, “秀 (xiù)” means beautiful or elegant. But now it is also used as a verb “toshow.” It comes from the transliteration of the English word “show.”

UsageUsageUsageUsage andandandand examplesexamplesexamplesexamples1. 他又在秀自己的新发明。

Tā yòu zài xiù zìjǐ de xīn fāmíng.He is showing off his new invention to us again.

2. 大家快来秀一秀自己的想法,看谁的最棒!

Dàjiā kuài lái xiù yi xiù zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ, kàn shuí de zuì bàng.Let’s all show our ideas and see which one is the best.

做秀(zu(zu(zu(zuòòòòxixixixiùùùù)))) MakeMakeMakeMake aaaa showshowshowshow“做秀(zuòxiù)” originates from the entertainment industry in Hong Kong and means toperform. Now people usually use the phrase to describe someone who does somethingsuperficially in order to gain others’ approval. “做(zuò)” means to make.

ExampleExampleExampleExample别做秀了, 你那点儿花花肠子我还不了解吗?Bié zuòxiù le, nǐ nà diǎnr huāhuā chángzi wǒ hái bù liáojiě ma?Don’t make a show. You think I don’t know what you’re plotting?

脱口秀(tu(tu(tu(tuōōōōkkkkǒǒǒǒuxiuxiuxiuxiùùùù)))) TalkTalkTalkTalk showshowshowshow“脱口秀(tuōkǒuxiù)” is the transliteration of the English phrase “talk show.” “脱(tuō)”literally means to take off (clothes), but here it means to say something quickly andfluently. “口(kǒu)” refers to mouth, and “秀(xiù)” means to show.

时装秀(sh(sh(sh(shíííízhuzhuzhuzhuāāāāngxingxingxingxiùùùù)))) FashionFashionFashionFashion showshowshowshow“时(shí)” literally refers to time, but here it means fashion. “装(zhuāng)” means costumeand dress.

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10.10.10.10. 团购 (tu(tu(tu(tuáááángngngngòòòòu)u)u)u) groupgroupgroupgroup purchasingpurchasingpurchasingpurchasingOriginOriginOriginOriginWith rising prices these days, "团购 (tuángòu) group purchasing" is becoming a big partof people's daily lives. This is especially true for young consumers thronging to "捏团

(niētuán) form a group" for shopping and calling themselves "捏友 (niēyǒu) friendsmade from group purchasing." People participating in this can get great prices on a widevariety of goods from snacks and cigarettes to building materials and houses. Grouppurchasing has become an exciting new trend. The main method for group purchase isthrough the Internet. "团宝网(tuánbǎowǎng) Groupon.cn" is one of the pioneer andleader in China.

UsageUsageUsageUsage"团购 (tuángòu) group purchasing" is the abbreviated combination of the Chinese words"团体 (tuántǐ) group" and "购物 (gòuwù) shopping." 捏 (niē)" literally means to pinch,but its usage in this context means to look for individual consumers to form a group forbuying something. Those who form a group are called "捏友 (niēyǒu)."

ExampleExampleExampleExample1. A: 你说这物价涨的,我都买不起东西了。

Nǐ shuō zhè wùjià zhǎng de, wǒ dōu mǎi bù qǐ dōngxi le.With the rising prices, I cannot afford to buy things.

B: 团购呀,挺便的。

Tuángòu ya, tǐng piányi de.Group purchasing. It is so cheap.

2. A: 现在都流行捏团购物了,而且大家都互称捏友呢。

Xiànzài dōu liúxíng niētuán gòuwù le, érqiě dàjiā dōu hù chēng niēyǒu ne.Nowadays, it is fashionable to shop by forming a group where people calleach other friends.

B: 看来我也要赶赶潮流了。

Kàn lái wǒ yě yào gǎn gǎn cháoliú le.It seems I've got to go with the trend too.

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1.1.1.1. 纠结(ji(ji(ji(jiūūūūjijijijiéééé)))) BeBeBeBe entangledentangledentangledentangled withwithwithwith

"纠结(jiūjié)" was first used by the animation Fansub group back in 2001. In one of thecartoons, a character shouted "纠结啊! (jiūjié a!)” Since then, the term transitioned frombeing popular among animation fans, to being a popular termed widely used by themasses.

The phrase "纠 结 (jiūjié)" literally means entangled ropes or vines. It has come torepresent the various feelings that tug on our heartstrings and play with our emotions forbetter or worse. We’ve all felt those inextricable knots in our stomachs when confrontedwith moments of confusion, hesitance, or bewilderment. In daily life, the phrase "纠结

(jiūjié)" is quite flexible in its usage; it can act as a verb, adjective or noun. For instance, "纠结(jiūjié)" can be used when people find themselves in a dilemma that prevents themfrom moving forward. Also, when they are indecisive and confronted with a particularchoice, "纠结(jiūjié)" can describe their state of mind. If you go on any Chinese languagesocial network, it’s quite common to see someone change their status to "我很纠结(wǒhěn jiūjié)" when they have no idea how to make a decision.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 最近的工作让我很纠结。

Zuìjìn de gōngzuò ràng wǒ hěn jiūjié.My recentwork’s got me in a tough spot lately.

2. 这个电影看起来特纠结。

Zhège diànyǐng kànqǐlái tè jiūjié.This movie makes everyone feel conflicted.

3. 我想吃蛋糕,但又害怕长胖,好纠结呀!

Wǒ xiǎng chī dàngāo, dàn yòu hàipà zhǎng pàng, hǎo jiūjié ya!I want to eat that cake, but I’m afraid of getting fat…so many choices!

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2.2.2.2. 牛(ni(ni(ni(niúúúú)))) ExcellentExcellentExcellentExcellentOriginOriginOriginOriginThe original meaning of “牛(niú)” is cow, but it now also means “cool” or “excellent.” It issaid that this additional meaning has originated from the north-eastern Chinese dialect.

UsageUsageUsageUsageYou can say “你好牛啊 (nǐ hǎo niú a)” or “真牛 (zhēn niú)” to express your praise toothers. So there are many circumstances for which you can use this word. For example, ifyour friend has won the championship title in a competition, you can give him/her athumbs up and say, “你好牛啊! (nǐ hǎo niú a)” or “真牛! (zhēn niú)” to express “You arereally excellent!”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 你真牛啊,每次考试都是全班第一。

Nǐ zhēn niú a, měicì kǎoshì dōushì quánbān dìyī.You are really excellent! Every time you are the number one in examination in yourclass.

2. 真牛! 他一个月内就当了经理。

Zhēn niú! Tā yígèyuè nèi jiù dāng le jīnglǐ.Excellent! He became a manager within one month.

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3.3.3.3. 校花(xi(xi(xi(xiààààohuohuohuohuāāāā)))) SchoolSchoolSchoolSchool beautybeautybeautybeautyOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageFlowers are usually beautiful, so a girl who is well-known for her beauty in school iscalled “校花 (xiàohuā).” Meanwhile, the most handsome boy in school is called “校草

(xiàocǎo);” grass and flowers are silhouetted against each other. “校(xiào)” means school,“花(huā)” means flower and “草(cǎo)” refers to grass.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 那女孩真漂亮啊,真不愧是校花。

Nà nǚhái zhēn piàoliang a, zhēn búkuì shì xiàohuā.How beautiful the girl is! She is indeed the school beauty.

2. 他们一个是校花一个是校草,真是绝配啊!

Tāmen yígè shì xiàohuā yígè shì xiàocǎo, zhēn shì juépèi a!She is the school beauty and he is the most handsome boy in school; they are a perfectmatch.

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4.4.4.4. 翘课(qi(qi(qi(qiààààokokokokèèèè)))) ToToToTo skipskipskipskip schoolschoolschoolschoolOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageGenerally, the phrase “翘课 (qiàokè) to skip school” is also called “逃课 (táokè)” inChinese. It comes from the Chinese character “翘 (qiào)” which vividly describes theaction of lifting one’s bottom and leaving the seat. Have you ever played “跷跷板

(qiāoqiāobǎn) seesaw?” One will go up while the other goes down. So“翘课 (qiàokè)”describes that when a teacher comes, students leave. “翘(qiào)” here means skipping and“课(kè)” refers to classes.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 他老是翘课,期末考试肯定过不了。

Tā lǎoshì qiàokè, qīmò kǎoshì kěndìng guò bù liǎo.He always skips school. I think he will fail in the final exams.

2. 她上课很认真,而且从不翘课。

Tā shàngkè hěn rènzhēn, érqiě cóng bú qiàokè.She studies carefully and never skips school.

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5.5.5.5. 放鸽子(f(f(f(fàààànggnggnggnggēēēēzi)zi)zi)zi) ToToToTo failfailfailfail totototo keepkeepkeepkeep anananan appointmentappointmentappointmentappointmentOriginOriginOriginOriginThe phrase “放鸽子 (fàng gēzi)” means that one doesn’t keep his promise. “放 (fàng)”means to release or let go. And “鸽子 (gēzi)” refers to a dove. In ancient times, peoplemailed letters by using doves. One time, two people agreed to write letters to each other,but one of them sent a dove without a letter. Then the other person asked: “why did youonly send me back the dove? You didn’t keep your promise.”

UsageUsageUsageUsageWhen you make an appointment with your friend and he fails to make the appointment,you can say “我被朋友放鸽子了(wǒ bèi péngyou fàng gēzi le).”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 你又被她放鸽子了?那以后不要轻易相信她的话。

Nǐ yòu bèi tā fànggēzi le? Nà yǐhòu búyào qīngyì xiāngxìn tā de huà.Did she fail to keep the appointment again? Then don’t believe her words easily.

2. 快,没时间了,我们不能放他鸽子。

Kuài, méi shíjiān le, wǒmen bú néng fàng tā gēzi le.Hurry up, time is up. We can not fail to keep the appointment.

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6.6.6.6. 挂科(gu(gu(gu(guààààkkkkēēēē)))) ToToToTo failfailfailfail anananan examexamexamexamOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“挂科(guàkē) To fail an exam” came from a story. It is said that one year in a school, theschool put up all the names of those who failed the exam on one paper and posted it on apublic board on the wall. The character “挂(guà)” means to hang, and many young people(especially the teens) use the word to refer to a failure in life. You can say “我挂了(wǒguà le)” to express that you failed in something. The character “科(kē)” means a subjectin school. So the phrase “挂科(guàkē)” refers to fail in a subject in school/ to fail an exam.“又挂科了(yòu guàkē le)” means someone failed the exam again.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 我的数学课不能挂,要不然奖学金就泡汤了。

Wǒ de shùxuékè bùnéng guà, yàobùrán jiǎngxuéjīn jiù pàotāng le.I can’t fail in math, or my scholarship goes up in smoke.

2. 小明期末考试挂科了,妈妈狠狠批评了他。

Xiǎo míng qīmò kǎoshì guàkē le, māma hěnhěn pīpíng le tā.Xiǎo míng failed the final exam, and his mother criticized him severely.

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7.7.7.7. 兼职(ji(ji(ji(jiāāāānzhnzhnzhnzhíííí)))) Part-timePart-timePart-timePart-time jobjobjobjobOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “兼职 (jiānzhí)” refers to a part-time job. The character “兼 (jiān)” meansdoing more than one thing. And in “兼职 (jiānzhí),” “兼 (jiān)” describes that a personsevering two or more positions, and “职(zhí)” means duty or job.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 我想这星期去找份兼职,给自己赚点生活费。

Wǒ xiǎng zhèxīngqī qù zhǎo fèn jiānzhí, gěi zìjǐ zhuàndiǎn shēnghuófèi.I plan to find a part-time job this weekend to make some extra money.

2. 你假期里应该找份兼职锻炼一下自己。

Nǐ jiàqī lǐ yīnggāi zhǎo fèn jiānzhí duànliàn yíxià zìjǐ.You should look for a part-time job to develop yourself during the vacations.

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8.8.8.8. 吹牛(chu(chu(chu(chuīīīīninininiúúúú)))) BragBragBragBrag andandandand boastboastboastboastOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageIt is said that the phrase “吹牛(chuīniú)” comes from the butcher shop. In some places,when a butcher butchers pigs and sheep, he will cut a small slit on the pig’s or sheep’s legnear the hoof. And after the blood has been completely drained, he will inflate them byblowing through the slit until the whole body expands, thus making the skin easy to peel.This is called inflating the pig. If this is done to a cow, it would be called “吹牛

(chuīniú),” which literally means to inflate a cow. However, because a cow has such ahuge body, it is very difficult for ordinary people to inflate it on their own. Thus, anyonewho claims that he can inflate a cow is completely bragging or boasting. “吹 (chuī)”means to blow and “牛(niú)” means cow, and “吹牛(chuīniú)” is used to describe peoplewho are bragging and boasting.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 别听他的,他很爱吹牛!

Bié tīng tā de, tā hěn ài chuīniú!Don't believe him, he loves to brag.

2. 他特别能吹牛,每天都说一些让人无法相信的事!

Tā tèbié néng chuīniú, měitiān dōu shuō yìxiē ràng rén wúfǎ xiāngxìn de shì!He is good at bragging and often says unbelievable things.

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9.9.9.9. 忽悠(h(h(h(hūūūūyou)you)you)you) HoodwinkHoodwinkHoodwinkHoodwinkOriginOriginOriginOrigin“忽悠(hūyou)” is a commonly used word in northern area of China and it originates fromthe word “胡诱(húyòu),” which means ‘recklessly misleading.’ It became popular from awitty skit “卖拐 (màiguăi) selling crutches,” created by comic stars Zhao Benshan, FanWei and Gao Xiumin in the Spring Festival Gala Evening in 2001. Since then, it has beenwidely used in daily life.

UsageUsageUsageUsageThe word “忽悠 (hūyou)” means flicker in its literal sense. Figuratively speaking, itmeans to hoodwink or bamboozle someone into doing something by using flattery or byboasting.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 你别忽悠我了。

Nǐbié hūyou wǒ le.Don’t trick me anymore.

2. 这个人可真能忽悠, 没事老忽悠人。

Zhè ge rén kĕ zhēn néng hūyou, méishì lăo hūyou rén.He is really a great talker and plays tricks now and then.

3. 我们去忽悠忽悠他。

Wŏ men qù hūyou hūyou tā.Let's persuade him.

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第三章第三章第三章第三章:::: 汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇汉语十大校园流行词汇

10.10.10.10. 学妹(xu(xu(xu(xuéééémmmmèèèèi)i)i)i) YoungerYoungerYoungerYounger femalefemalefemalefemale schoolmateschoolmateschoolmateschoolmate orororor alumnaalumnaalumnaalumnaOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe character “学(xué)” means school and the character “妹(mèi)” means younger sister.“学妹 (xuémèi) Younger female schoolmate or alumna” is said to be originated fromTaiwan. But now it is often heard in mainland China, especially in college. People oftenuse “小(xiǎo) little” to modify sister, showing affection. “学妹(xuémèi)” is often used bysenior students to express their fondness towards their younger female schoolmates.

ExampleExampleExampleExample英语系的学妹们都很可爱。

Yīngyǔxì de xuémèi men dōu hěn kě’ài.The younger female students in the English department are all lovely.

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1.1.1.1. 高富帅(g(g(g(gāāāāoooo ffffùùùù shushushushuàààài)i)i)i) Tall,Tall,Tall,Tall, RichRichRichRich andandandand HandsomeHandsomeHandsomeHandsome

During the Euro 2012 games, time and time again fans cheered the fantastic goals madeby Cristiano Ronaldo. His impeccable performance, combined with his good looks,attracted the attention of many girls' eyes in China. Ronaldo was dubbed the top "高富帅

(gāo fù shuài)" of Euro 2012.

So what does "高富帅 (gāo fù shuài)" mean? It is composed of three adjectives: 高 (gāo)tall, 富 (fù) rich and 帅 (shuài) handsome, and refers to men who possess all three ofthese enviable qualities. Basically, "高富帅 (gāo fù shuài)" makes ideal candidates fordating and marriage! Although an old idea, "高富帅 (gāo fù shuài)" is a relatively newword.

With the popularity of "高富帅 (gāo fù shuài)" came the corresponding phrase "白富美

(bái fù měi)." This refers to girls who have ivory complexion, and are rich, and beautiful.Three adjectives are: 白 (bái) ivory complexion, 富 (fù) rich and 美 (měi) beautiful.People believe that "高富帅 (gāo fù shuài)" and "白富美 (bái fù měi)" are a match madein heaven.

ExampleExampleExampleExampleMary: 听说 Lucy 恋爱了。

Tīngshuō Lucy liàn'ài le.I heard that Lucy fell in love.

Jenny: 是啊,她男朋友是高富帅呢。

Shì a, tā nán péngyou shì gāo fù shuài ne.Yes, her boyfriend is tall, rich and handsome.

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2.2.2.2. 我爱你(w(w(w(wǒǒǒǒ ààààiiii nnnnǐǐǐǐ)))) IIII lovelovelovelove youyouyouyouOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe character “我 (wǒ)” means I, “爱 (ài )” means love and “你 (nǐ)” means you. Thecharacter “爱(ài) love” consists of a character “爪(zhǎo) claw” on the top and a character“友(yǒu) friend” below. So, there is a saying that you will achieve love if you can graspyour friend. You can say “老婆/老公,我爱你!(lǎopo/lǎogōng, wǒ ài nǐ!)” to show yourlove to your wife or husband.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 他深情地对莉莉说:“我爱你,让我用一生来证明我对你的爱吧”!

Tā shēnqíng de duì lìlì shuō: “Wǒ ài nǐ, ràng wǒ yòng yīshēng lái zhèngmíngwǒ duì nǐ de ài ba!”He said to lily affectionately: “I love you, let me use my lifetime to prove mylove for you.”

2. 我爱你,妈妈! 谢谢你为我所做的一切。

Wǒ ài nǐ, māma, xièxiè nǐ wèi wǒ suǒ zuò de yīqiè.I love you, Mom! Thanks for what you have done for me.

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3333.... 红颜知己 (h(h(h(hóóóóngyngyngyngyáááánzhnzhnzhnzhīīīījjjjǐǐǐǐ)))) FemaleFemaleFemaleFemale soulsoulsoulsoul matematematemateOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“红颜知己 (hóngyánzhījǐ)” refers to a female soul mate for a male. The character “红(hóng)” means red; the character “颜(yán)” means face or countenance; the character “知(zhī)” means to know or to understand and the character “己(jǐ)” means oneself.

The phrase “红颜 (hóngyán)” literally refers to sanguine complexions, especially thefemales’rosy cheeks. But here “红颜(hóngyán)” refers to a beauty. The phrase “知己(zhījǐ)confidant” means people who have respect, deep understanding, adoration, andappreciation between each other. They also tolerate and care for each other.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 红颜知己是可遇而不可求的。

Hóngyánzhījǐ shì kě yù ér bù kě qiú de.One can only expect to meet a female soul mate by chance, rather than by searching.

2. 想成为别人的红颜知己是不容易的。

Xiǎng chéngwéi biérén de hóngyánzhījǐ shì bù róngyì de.It is difficult to become another’s confidante.

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4444.... 热恋(r(r(r(rèèèèlilililiààààn)n)n)n) HeadHeadHeadHead overoveroverover heelsheelsheelsheels inininin loveloveloveloveOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“热 (rè)” originally means hot, but it also means a strong emotion--passionate aboutcertain things. “恋(liàn)” means love or love affair. When someone falls passionately inlove and is intoxicated by the feeling we call him/her in the state of “热恋(rèliàn).” Thereare another two stages when people are in love: “初恋(chūliàn)” refers to “Fall in love forthe time ” and “失恋(shīliàn) be crossed in love.”

ExampleExampleExampleExample他俩正处在热恋阶断,每天形影不离。

Tā liǎng zhèng chù zài rèliàn jiēduàn, měitiān xíngyǐngbùlí.They are together with each other every day, because they are passionately in love.

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5555.... 吃软饭(ch(ch(ch(chīīīīrurururuǎǎǎǎnfnfnfnfààààn)n)n)n) AAAAmalemalemalemale whowhowhowho liveslivesliveslives onononon thethethethe earningsearningsearningsearnings ofofofof aaaa femalefemalefemalefemaleOriginOriginOriginOriginA long time ago, there was an old rich widow housing and feeding a young lover, and oneday they went out to eat lotus leaf rice. The waiter asked them: “你们是吃硬的还是吃软

的(nǐmen shì chī yìng de háishì chī ruǎn de) Would you like to eat the hard part of the riceor the soft part?” The young man knew the old widow had bad teeth. Therefore, in orderto flatter the old widow, he quickly replied: “吃软的 (chī ruǎn de) the soft part.” Afterlistening to this, the waiter laughed and asked: “The old lady eats soft because of her badteeth. You are a big guy, but you also like to eat the soft part?”

UsageUsageUsageUsage“吃软饭 (chīruǎnfàn)” describes how a man to survives by relying on his wife. Thecharacter “吃(chī)” means to eat; “软(ruǎn)” means soft and “饭(fàn)” means food. Fromthe view of Chinese traditional culture, if someone describes a man by using the word “软(ruǎn) soft,” it means that the man lacks strength.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 吃软饭的男人是让人看不起的。

Chīruǎnfàn de nánren shì ràng rén kànbùqǐ de.The man, who depends on his wife to survive, is usually looked down upon byothers.

2. 靠吃软饭才有今天,我真不知道你得意什么?

Kào chīruǎnfàn cái yǒu jīntiān, wǒ zhēn bùzhīdào nǐ déyì shénme?By relying on your wife, you have become what you are like today; I really don’tknow what you are proud of?

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6666.... 早恋(z(z(z(zǎǎǎǎolioliolioliààààn)n)n)n) PuppyPuppyPuppyPuppy Love/FallingLove/FallingLove/FallingLove/Falling inininin LoveLoveLoveLove atatatat anananan EarlyEarlyEarlyEarlyAgeAgeAgeAgeOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“早恋(zǎoliàn) puppy love”””” is also called puberty love. “早(zǎo)” literally means early,such as in the word “早晨(zǎochén)” and “早上(zǎoshàng)” which both mean morning.But here “早(zǎo)”means at a young age. “恋(liàn)” means love or have a love affair. InChina, puppy love refers to the relationship where people involved are less than 18 yearsold, especially the students in secondary schools. According to a recent report, for the pasttwenty-years in China, most people had the experience of 早 恋 (zǎoliàn) in theirsecondary schools, including “暗恋(ànliàn) unrequited love. ” “暗(àn)” literally meansdim such as in the word “黑暗(hēiàn) dark.” And in “暗恋(ànliàn) unrequited love” thecharacter “暗(àn)” means secretly.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 家长需要正确引导孩子的早恋。

Jiāzhǎng xūyào zhèngquè yǐndǎo háizi de zǎoliàn.The parents need to guide their children’s puppy love properly.

2. 老师们都把早恋看作一个棘手的问题。

Lǎoshī men dōu bǎ zǎoliàn kànzuò yígè jíshǒu de wèntí.The so-called “puppy love” problem is a thorny issue for all teachers.

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7777.... 第三者(d(d(d(dììììssssāāāānzhnzhnzhnzhěěěě)))) SomeoneSomeoneSomeoneSomeone whowhowhowho isisisis inininin anananan adulterousadulterousadulterousadulterous relationshiprelationshiprelationshiprelationship withwithwithwith aaaamarriedmarriedmarriedmarried manmanmanman orororor womanwomanwomanwomanOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“第三者(dìsānzhě)” literally means third party. The character “第(dì)” is a prefix before anumber, “三( sān)” means three and “者(zhě)” means person. “第三者(dìsānzhě)” is alsocalled “小三(xiǎosān),” where “小(xiǎo)” means little.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 因为她充当了不光彩的第三者,目前处境十分尴尬。

Yīnwèi tā chōngdāng le bù guāngcǎi de dìsānzhě, mùqián chǔjìng shífēn gāngà.She is in an embarrassing situation because she is in an adulterous relationship with amarried man.

2. 电视剧《蜗居》中,郭海藻就是一个不折不扣的第三者!

Diànshìjù wōjū zhōng, Guō Hǎizǎo jiùshì yígè bùzhébúkòu de dìsānzhě.In TV series “Dwelling Narrowness,” Guo Haizao is a fully-fledged third party.

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8888.... 暗送秋波((((àààànsnsnsnsòòòòngqingqingqingqiūūūūbbbbōōōō)))) SecretlySecretlySecretlySecretly totototo castcastcastcast flirtatiousflirtatiousflirtatiousflirtatious lookslookslookslooks atatatat somebodysomebodysomebodysomebodyOriginOriginOriginOriginThe idiom “暗送秋波(ànsòngqiūbō) make eyes at somebody” came from a story about LüBu and Diao Chan in the great Chinese classic novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Situ Wangyun wanted to kill Dong Zhuo who wasautocratic. He had a good idea. He asked a beautiful girl named Diao Chan, who is goodat both singing and dancing, to seduce both Dong Zhuo and his adopted son Lü Bu. DiaoChan secretly made eyes at them so they would both fall in love with her. And when LüBu found out that Dong Zhuo liked Diao Chan, he became very angry and killed DongZhuo.

UsageUsageUsageUsageThe idiom “暗送秋波(ànsòngqiūbō) make eyes at somebody” is for men and women whosecretly express their love between each other. “暗(àn)” means secretly and “送(song)”means to send. “秋(qiū)” refers to autumn and “波(bō)” refers to water waves.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 我看到你对那个女孩暗送秋波了。

Wǒ kàndào nǐ duì nàgè nǚhái ànsòngqiūbō le.I saw you secretly making eyes at that girl.

2. 恋爱往往是从暗送秋波开始的。

Liàn’ài wángwǎng shì cóng ànsòngqiūbō kāishǐ de.Love is often started from making eyes at each other.

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9999.... 异地恋(y(y(y(yììììddddìììì lilililiààààn)n)n)n) Long-distanceLong-distanceLong-distanceLong-distance RelationshipRelationshipRelationshipRelationshipOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “异地恋 (yìdìliàn)” refers to Long-distance Relationship. The character “异(yì)” means different, and “地(dì)” means place. “恋(liàn)” means love.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 选择异地恋是需要很大的勇气的。

Xuǎnzé yìdìliàn shì xūyào hěn dà de yǒngqì de.Choosing a long-distance relationship requires a lot of courage.

2. 相互信任是维持异地恋的关键。

Xiānghù xìnrèn shì wéichí yìdì liàn de guānjiàn.Mutual trust is the key to a long-distance relationship.

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10101010.... 来电(l(l(l(lááááidiidiidiidiààààn)n)n)n) ToToToTo clickclickclickclick withwithwithwith someone/havesomeone/havesomeone/havesomeone/have sparkssparkssparkssparksOriginOriginOriginOrigin“来电 (láidiàn)” originally refers to the restoration of electricity supply after a powerfailure. Now it is used to vividly describe the feeling between a man and a woman whenthey first meet each other--just like an electric shock.

UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “来电(láidiàn)” means to click with someone or have sparks. “来(lái)” meansto come and “电 (diàn)” originally refers to electricity, but here, it refers to a kind oflightning emotional feeling.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 两个人一旦来电,脑子里就全是对方。

Liǎnggè rén yídàn láidiàn, nǎozi lǐ jiù quán shì duìfāng.Once two people click with each other, each person’s mind is full of the other person.

2. 任凭我怎样撮合,他俩就是不来电。

Rènpíng wǒ zěnyàng cuōhe, tāliǎ jiùshì bù láidiàn.No matter what I do, they still don’t click with each other.

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1.1.1.1. 萌(m(m(m(mééééng)ng)ng)ng) youngyoungyoungyoung andandandand innocentinnocentinnocentinnocent

"萌 (méng)" literarily means to sprout and is the symbol of spring. From this, themeaning of "萌 (méng)" has been extended to describe girls who are young and innocent.The term originated from the animation industry and was used as a lingua franca to referto young, innocent and beautiful little girls.

Another popular phrase is "卖萌 (màiméng)" which is a verb and means to "pretend to becute" to attract the audience. The word "卖 (mài)" literally means to sell, but here it is theshort form of "卖弄 (màīnong)" meaning to show off.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 他在这个电影 里演的角色 好萌啊,我们都很喜欢!

Tā zài zhège diànyǐng lǐ yǎn de juésè hǎo méng a, wǒmen dōu hěn xǐhuan.The role he played in the movie was really young and innocent; we all liked it!

2. 妹妹总是在我面前卖萌好让我给她买糖吃!

Mèimei zǒng shì zài wǒ miànqián màiméng hǎo ràng wǒ gěi tā mǎi táng chī!My little sister always pretends to be innocentin front of me in order to get candyfrom me!

3. 五岁的女儿穿着粉色的裙子,一上台就萌翻全场。

Wǔsuì de nǚ'ér chuānzhe fěnsè de qúnzi, yí shàng tái jiù méng fān quánchǎng.My 5-year-old daughter is so innocentand cute when she wears her pink skirt.The entire audience cannot help applauding her when she comes out on thestage.

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2222.... 大片(d(d(d(dààààpipipipiāāāānr)nr)nr)nr) AAAA highhighhighhigh budgetbudgetbudgetbudget blockbusterblockbusterblockbusterblockbuster moviemoviemoviemovieOriginOriginOriginOriginSince the first Hollywood movie “《亡命天涯》 (wángmìngtiānyá) The Fugitive” wasbrought in China in 1993, the Chinese government has introduced about ten high budgetHollywood movies such as “Titanic” every year. We call these kinds of large budgetmovies “大片(dàpiānr).”

UsageUsageUsageUsage“大片 (dàpiānr)” refers to high budget movies, especially directed by famous directors.The character “大(dà)” means big or large and “片(piān)” means movie.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 最近新出了一部大片,我们这周末一起去看吧。

Zuìjìn xīn chū le yíbù dàpiānr, wǒmen zhè zhōumò yìqǐ qù kàn ba.A high budget movie made by a famous director has been released recently; shall wesee it together this weekend?

2.《泰坦尼克号》是一部经典大片,很多人都看了好几遍,还想再看。

(Tàitǎnníkèhào) shì yíbù jīngdiǎn dàpiānr, hěnduō rén dōu kàn le hǎo jǐ biàn, háixiǎng zài kàn.Titanic is a high budget blockbuster movie made by a famous director. Many peoplehave watched it several times, but would also like to watch it again.

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3333.... 新秀(x(x(x(xīīīīnxinxinxinxiùùùù)))) Up-and-comingUp-and-comingUp-and-comingUp-and-coming youngsteryoungsteryoungsteryoungsterOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “新秀 (xīnxiù)” means up-and-coming youngster. It was originated from theword “秀(xiù)” which means to show. Here the word refers to a new comer and “新(xīn)”means new.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 在 NBA中, 我们把第一年进球队打比赛的人叫“新秀”。

Zài NBA zhōng, wǒmen bǎ dìyīnián jìn qiúduì dǎ bǐsài de rén jiào “xīnixù.”The one playing in the NBA in his first year is called a rookie.

2. 现在娱乐界的新秀层出不穷。

Xiànzài yúlèjiè de xīnxiù céngchūbùqióng.Now up-and-coming youngsters in showbiz emerge one after another.

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4.4.4.4. 八卦(b(b(b(bāāāāguguguguàààà)))) GossipGossipGossipGossipOriginOriginOriginOriginThe phrase “八卦(bāguà) the Eight diagram” originates from the ancient thinking of theorigin of the universe. It relates to the relationship among the earth, the sun, the moon,and various aspects of the society and human life. “八卦 (bāguà) The Eight diagram”represents the philosophical thinking of ancient China, which had influences ontraditional Chinese medicine, kung fu, music and so on.

In the entertainment world, however, “八卦(bāguà)” means gossip, often referring to theprivate lives of celebrities as reported by entertainment news or paparazzi.

UsageUsageUsageUsageThe character “八(bā)” refers to eight and the character “卦(guà)” means trigram. “八卦

(bāguà)” means to tell tales everywhere.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 无论是没有通讯的时代还是今天的网络社会,八卦从未消失。

Wúlùn shì méiyǒu tōngxùn de shídài háishì jīntiān de wǎngluò shèhuì, bāguà cóngwèi xiāoshī.Gossip has never disappeared, whether in an era without communication technologyor in today’s the networked society.

2. 最新调查表明,男人比女人还爱八卦。

Zuì xīn diàochá biǎomíng, nánren bǐ nǚren hái ài bāguà.The latest research has shown that men gossip more than women do.

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5.5.5.5. 绯闻(f(f(f(fēēēēiwiwiwiwéééén)n)n)n) PinkPinkPinkPink news/news/news/news/ LoveLoveLoveLove affairaffairaffairaffairOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“绯闻 (fēiwén)” means pink news, or love affair. The character “绯 (fēi)” means red orpink. The character “闻(wén)” means news. “绯闻(fēiwén)” was once only used to referto the love affair between men and women in the entertainment business. However, it isnow also used between common people as well. When people talk about “绯闻(fēiwén),”they may not know the truthfulness of the news, but they can’t help spreading andenjoying the process of circling it.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 李磊和韩梅梅之间的绯闻是真的吗?

Lǐ lěi hé Hán Méiméi zhījiān de fēiwén shì zhēn de ma?Is the pink news between Li Lei and Han meimei true?

2. 娱乐圈的绯闻大多数都是假的。

Yúlèquān de fēiwén dàduōshù dōushì jiǎ de.Most of the pink news from the entertainment world is not true.

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6.6.6.6. 狗仔队(g(g(g(gǒǒǒǒuzuzuzuzǎǎǎǎiduiduiduiduìììì)))) PaparazziPaparazziPaparazziPaparazziOriginOriginOriginOrigin“狗仔队(gǒuzǎiduì)” originally came from the word paparazzi, which was the last nameof an actor who acted as a journalist taking private photos of public figures in an Italianmovie. Since the spelling and the pronunciation of paparazzi is similar to that of “狗仔

(gǒuzǎi) puppy,” and the paparazzi normally work as a “队 (duì) team,” people in HongKong first coined this Chinese phrase “狗仔队(gǒuzǎiduì).”

UsageUsageUsageUsage“狗 (gǒu)” means dog and “仔 (zǎi)” means young animal, so “狗仔 (gǒuzǎi)” meanspuppy. “狗(gǒu)” also implies that paparazzi are acting like dogs chasing after something.“队(duì)” means group or team.

.ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 大部分名人都讨厌狗仔队,因为狗仔队报出的新闻多是负面的。

Dàbùfen míngrén dōu tǎoyàn gǒuzǎiduì, yīnwèi gǒuzǎiduì bào chū de xīnwén duō shìfùmiàn de.Most of the celebrities dislike the paparazzi, because news reported by paparazzi ismostly negative.

2. 狗仔队的工作并不是很好干。

Gǒuzǎiduì de gōngzuò bìng búshì hěn hǎo gàn.The job of Paparazzi is not easy to do.

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7.7.7.7. 大腕(d(d(d(dààààwwwwàààànr)nr)nr)nr) BigBigBigBig shotshotshotshot

OriginOriginOriginOrigin“大腕(dàwànr) big shot” was originated from the phrase “大拿” which came from “拿摩

温 ,” the transliteration of the English phrase “number one.” It was used to describeforemen in the factories in Shanghai in the early twenty century. With the release of ablockbuster movie Big Shot directed by Feng Xiaogang in the late 90s, the phrase becamepopular.

UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “大腕(dàwànr) big shot” is generally used as a noun. “大(dà)” means big and“腕(wàn)” literally means wrist, but here it means popularity. “大腕(dàwànr) big shot” isused to describe a person who has a great reputation and a good standing in a certain area.We also use this phrase in other situations to describe high-status, or those who havemade great contributions.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 现在的大腕就爱耍大牌。

Xiànzài de dàwànr jiù ài shuǎdàpái.The big shots nowadays are fond of putting on airs.

2. 追星族们疯狂地追捧他们喜欢的明星大腕。

Zhuīxīngzú men fēngkuáng de zhuīpěng tāmen xǐhuan de míngxīng dàwànr.Fans crazily follow those celebrity big shots wherever they appear.

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8.8.8.8. 炒作(ch(ch(ch(chǎǎǎǎozuozuozuozuòòòò)))) ToToToTo hypehypehypehypeOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“炒作(chǎozuò) to hype” refers to the promotion of a particular matter with exaggeration.The literary meaning of “炒(chǎo)” is to stir-fry and the literary meaning of “作(zuò)” isto do.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 有的明星为了提高名气,就故意用假结婚的新闻炒作自己。

Yǒude míngxīng wèile tígāo míngqì, jiù gùyì yòng jiǎ jiéhūn de xīnwén chǎozuò zìjǐ.In order to enhance their reputations, some stars hype themselves deliberately with thefalse marriage news.

2. 媒体的炒作越来越常见了。

Méitǐ de chǎozuò yuèláiyuè chángjiàn le.The media hype has been more and more widespread.

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9.9.9.9. 粉丝(f(f(f(fěěěěnsnsnsnsīīīī)))) FansFansFansFansOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageOriginal “粉丝(fěnsī)” refers to bean vermicelli. Since the pronunciation of English word“fans” is very similar to that of Chinese word “粉丝(fěnsī)”, thus people call fans “粉丝

(fěnsī)” in China. So “粉丝(fěnsī)” is transliterated from “fans.” “粉(fěn)” means powderand “丝(sī)” means thread.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 很多明星都有一群力挺他们的粉丝。

Hěnduō míngxīng dōu yǒu yìqún lìtǐng tāmen de fěnsī.Many stars have a group of fans who support them.

2. 他是 NBA的忠实粉丝,每场比赛都会观看。

Tā shì NBA de zhōngshí fěnsī, měi chǎng bǐsài dōu huì guānkàn.He is a loyal NBA fans and watches every game.

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10.10.10.10. 火(hu(hu(hu(huǒǒǒǒ)))) HotHotHotHotOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe original meaning of “火(huǒ)” is fire. Since “火(huǒ) fire” is very hot and its color isred, the extended meaning of “火(huǒ)” is to be popular or a hit. So we can say: “这部电

影太火了(zhèbù diànyǐng tài huǒ le) this film is so hot.” “火(huǒ)” here means popular orhot.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 这部电影最近很火。

Zhèbù diànyǐng zuìjìn hěn huǒ.Recently, this movie became very hot.

2. 近几年来,各种电视选秀节目都很火。

Jìnjǐnián lái, gèzhǒng diànshì xuǎnxiù jiémù dōu hěn huǒ.In the past a few years, various TV talent shows are very hot.

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1.1.1.1. 大满贯(d(d(d(dààààmmmmǎǎǎǎngungungunguààààn)n)n)n) GrandGrandGrandGrand slamslamslamslamOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“大满贯 (dàmǎnguàn)” was originally a bridge term, which means winning all tricksduring the play of one hand. Now, the word is usually used in the sports world. “大满贯

(dàmǎnguàn)” generally refers to an athlete or a sports team that has won championshipsof several key competitions such as the Olympic Games, World Championships, and theWorld Cup. “大(dà)” means big, “满(mǎn)” means complete, and “贯(guàn)” means topass through. “满贯”(mǎnguàn) means slam.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 在中国乒乓球史上,刘国梁是第一位获得大满贯的选手。

Zài Zhōngguó pīngpāngqiú shǐ shàng, Liú Guóliáng shì dì yī wèi huòdé dàmǎnguànde xuǎnshǒu.In the history of Chinese table tennis, Liu Guoliang was the first grand slam winner.

2. 自从 1968年网球成为职业运动以来,世界一号选手辛吉斯成为最年轻的大满贯

单打冠军。

Zìcóng yījiǔliùbā nián wǎngqiú chéngwéi zhíyè yùndòng yǐ lái, shìjiè yī hàoxuǎnshǒu Xīnjísī chéngwéi zuì niánqīng de dàmǎnguàn dān dǎ guànjūn.Hingis, who ranked number one in the world, had been the youngest grand slamchampion since tennis was opened to professional players in 1968.

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2.2.2.2. 蝉联(ch(ch(ch(cháááánlinlinlinliáááán)n)n)n) ToToToTo defenddefenddefenddefend oneoneoneone’’’’ssss titletitletitletitle successfullysuccessfullysuccessfullysuccessfullyOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “蝉联(chánlián)” means to defend one’s title successfully. “蝉(chán) cicada”is a kind of insect. And the character “联(lián)” means continuous or 连续的(liánxù de).For example, “蝉联亚军(chánlián yàjūn)” means to maintain the second place two yearsin a row.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 飞人博尔特蝉联本年度田径最佳运动员榜首。

Fēirén Bóěrtè chánlián běn niándù tiánjìng zuì jiā yùndòngyuán bǎngshǒu.Bolt won “The best track and field athlete” award two years in a row.

2. 她在世锦赛中蝉联了三届 400米跑冠军。

Tā zài shìjǐnsài zhōng chánlián le sān jiè sìbǎi mǐ pǎo guànjūn.She has won 400 meters World Championship three times in a row.

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3.3.3.3. 拉拉队(l(l(l(lāāāāllllāāāādudududuìììì)))) CheeringCheeringCheeringCheering squadsquadsquadsquadOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“拉(lā)” originally means to pull. Here in “拉拉队 (lālāduì),” it describes that everyoneholds together hand by hand to make joint efforts. You can say “我拉你一把(wǒ lā nǐ yìbǎ) I can help you.” And “队 (duì)” means team. So a team gathered together to boostathletes’ morale is called “拉拉队(lālāduì) Cheering squad.”

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 一场球赛中,拉拉队的呐喊是必不可少的。

Yìchǎng qiúsài zhōng, lālāduì de nàhǎn shì bìbùkěshǎo de.A cheering squad’s performance is important for a sports game.

2. 昨天的篮球比赛好激烈啊,整个比赛中拉拉队的叫喊声一直没停过。

Zuótiān de lánqiú bǐsài hǎo jīliè a, zhěnggè bǐsài zhōng lālāduì de jiàohǎnshēng yìzhíméi tíng guò.Yesterday’s basketball game was so intense, the cheering squad’s hurrah continued tillthe end of the match.

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4.4.4.4. 菜鸟(c(c(c(cààààiniiniiniiniǎǎǎǎo)o)o)o) NewbieNewbieNewbieNewbie orororor novicenovicenovicenoviceOriginOriginOriginOrigin“菜鸟(càiniǎo)” originates from the Taiwan dialect. “菜鸟(càiniǎo)” describes a kind ofbirds which often fall to the ground when they start to learn to fly. Now people callsomeone “菜鸟(càiniǎo)” if he/she is a novice in a certain field.

UsageUsageUsageUsage“菜鸟(càiniǎo) newbie” can also be used to describe someone who is weak in a certainfield such as computer or sports. The character “菜(cài)” originally means vegetable, and“鸟(niǎo)” means bird.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 在房地产领域里,他还是个菜鸟。

Zài fángdìchǎn lǐngyù lǐ, tā hái shì gè càiniǎo.In the real estate field, he is still a newbie.

2. 他在大学成绩很好,可是实际操作中他还是个菜鸟。

Tā zài dàxué chéngjì hěnhǎo, kěshì shíjì cāozuò zhōng tā háishì gè càiniǎo.He did very well in the university, but he is still a newbie in the real-worldexecution.

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5.5.5.5. 乌龙球(w(w(w(wūūūūllllóóóóngqingqingqingqiúúúú)))) OwnOwnOwnOwn goalgoalgoalgoalOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsage“乌龙球 (wūlóngqiú)” originates from the English word “own goal.” From the 1960s,journalists in Hong Kong began to translate “own goal” into “乌龙球 (wūlóngqiú),”because the two have similar sound in Cantonese. The character “乌(wū)” means black ordark, “龙(lóng)” means dragon, and “球(qiú)” means ball. There is a folklore about “乌龙

(wūlóng)” in Guangdong Province. It is said that in ancient China, people prayed to theGreen Dragon, which is the lucky symbol for rain during a long drought. However, whenBlack or Dark Dragon appeared instead of the Green Dragon, disasters came one afteranother. Later on, people used Black or Dark Dragon to describe misfortune.

“乌龙球 (wūlóngqiú) own goal” is a frequently used word in conversations related tosoccer. “乌龙球 (wūlóngqiú)” stands for bad luck for the team just as the Dark Dragonstood for misfortune for ancient Chinese people.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 杨程本场的两记乌龙球注定了球队的败局。

Yáng Chéng běnchǎng de liǎngjì wūlóngqiú zhùdìng le qiúduì de bàijú.Two own goals by Yang Cheng led to the failure of his team in the game.

2. 乌龙球是球迷们津津乐道的话题。

Wūlóngqiú shì qiúmí men jīnjīnlèdào de huàtí.Soccer fans are never tired of talking about own goals.

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6.6.6.6. 爆冷门(b(b(b(bààààololololěěěěngmngmngmngméééén)n)n)n) ToToToTo havehavehavehave anananan unexpectedunexpectedunexpectedunexpected winnerwinnerwinnerwinnerOriginOriginOriginOrigin“爆冷门(bàolěngmén)” appeared first in the casino. Most people put their stakes on thepopular side, thus the hot side emerged. The opposite of the popular side was theunpopular side, which received little attention to gamblers. This unpopular side wascalled “冷门 (lěngmén).” “爆 (bào)” means to produce an unexpected result. “冷 (lěng)”means cold literally, but here it means unpopular. “门(mén)” means door.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 昨天足球比赛爆冷门,有一匹黑马赢球了,是一个名不见经传的新球队。

Zuótiān zúqiú bǐsài bàolěngmén, yǒu yìpǐ hēimǎ yíng qiú le, shì yígèmíngbújiànjīngzhuàn de xīn qiúduì.A dark horse bobbed up in yesterday’s football game. An unknown team won.

2. 今年的金马奖爆了个大冷门。

Jīnnián de jīnmǎ jiǎng bào le gè dà lěngmén.This year’s Gold Horse Award had a big unexpected winner.

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7.7.7.7. 翻盘(f(f(f(fāāāānpnpnpnpáááánnnn)))) ToToToTo turnturnturnturn defeatdefeatdefeatdefeat intointointointo victoryvictoryvictoryvictoryOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “翻盘(fānpán) to turn defeat into victory” was originated from a sentence “这个还没有说好,那个又翻盘了,就这样耍尖狡(Zhègè hái méiyǒu shuō hǎo, nàgè yòufānpán le, jiù zhèyàng shuǎjiānjiǎo) This doesn’t come to an agreement and that promiseis already broken. He is such a slippery fellow” from the movie The Gold Rush directedand acted by Charles Chaplin, where “翻盘 (fānpán)” means to break the promise. Butnow “翻盘 (fānpán)” is widely used in sports meaning to turn defeat into victory. “翻(fān)” means to overthrow and “盘(pán)” literally means tray.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 2009年 12月 22日,国王创造了 NBA历史上新的翻盘纪录。

Èrlínglíngjiǔ nián shíèr yuè èrshíèr rì, Guówáng chuàngzào le NBA lìshǐ shàng xīn defānpán jìlù.Sacremento Kings broke NBA’s new record for turning defeat into victory onDecember 22, 2009.

2. 领先一球的阿森纳队在五分钟内被对手翻盘。

Lǐngxiān yì qiú de Āsēnnàduì zài wǔ fēnzhōng nèi bèi duìshǒu fānpán.While Arsenal was one goal ahead toward the end of the game, it was defeated by itsopponent within the last five minutes.

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8.8.8.8. 东道主(d(d(d(dōōōōngdngdngdngdààààozhozhozhozhǔǔǔǔ)))) HostHostHostHostOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe phrase “ 东 道 主 (dōngdàozhǔ) host” was originated from 左 传 (zuǒzhuàn) (acommentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals). At that time, the State of Zheng on theeast side of the State of Qin welcomed Qin’s ambassador, so Zheng is called “东道主

(dōngdàozhǔ) host.” “东(dōng)” means east, “道(dào)” means road, and “主(zhǔ)” meanshost. Later, “东道主 (dōngdàozhǔ)” refers to anybody who offers a treat to others ingeneral. Now it also refers to any hosts such as host countries, host cities, and so on.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 东道主队在 6局中的击球打得十分出色。

Dōngdàozhǔ duì zài liù jú zhōng de jīqiú dǎ de shífēn chūsè.The host team was very good at the bat for six innings.

2. 我们学校担任这次学术会议的东道主。

Wǒmen xuéxiào dānrèn zhè cì xuéshù huìyì de dōngdàozhǔ.Our school will be the host of this academic conference.

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9.9.9.9. 黑马(h(h(h(hēēēēimimimimǎǎǎǎ)))) DarkDarkDarkDark horsehorsehorsehorseOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand UsageUsageUsageUsageThe word “黑马 (hēimǎ) dark horse” came from a horse racing scene in a novel calledYoung Duke by British statesman Benjamin Disileisi in the 19th century.... The character“黑(hēi)” means dark and “马(mǎ)” means horse. “黑马(hēimǎ) dark horse” refers to anunexpected winner.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 彭帅被称为网球界的一匹黑马。

Péng Shuài bèi chēngwéi wǎngqiújiè de yìpǐ hēimǎ.Peng Shuai is referred as a dark horse in the tennis world.

2. 你真是黑马啊!没想到你竟然在这次 3000米长跑比赛中拿第一。

Nǐ zhēn shì hēimǎ a! Méi xiǎngdào nǐ jìngrán zài zhècì sānqiān mǐ chángpǎo bǐsàizhōng ná dìyī.You're really a dark horse! Unexpectedly, you have won the champion in the 3,000meter long-distance race.

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10.10.10.10. 力挺(l(l(l(lììììttttǐǐǐǐng)ng)ng)ng) ToToToTo supportsupportsupportsupport stronglystronglystronglystronglyOriginOriginOriginOrigin andandandand usageusageusageusageThe word “力挺 (lìtǐng)” is believed to have been introduced by politicians in Taiwan.Now it is used in different fields, such as entertainment and sports. The character “力(lì)”means strength and “挺(tǐng)” means to hold out.

ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples1. 全班同学力挺你参加这次选秀活动。

Quánbān tóngxué lìtǐng nǐ cānjiā zhècì xuǎnxiù huódòng.The whole class will support you strongly to participate in this talent show.

2. 深圳市政府力挺深航渡过难关。

Shēnzhèn shìzhèngfǔ lìtǐng shēnháng dùguò nánguān.The government of Shengzheng gives Shengzheng Aviation Company strong supportto ride out the storm.

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