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Human Resources Administration

Management Theories

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Introduction

Industrial revolution brought about large scale business and need for professional managers

Modern managers still use many of the practices, principals, and techniques

Early leadership models came from military and church

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Management Theories

Classical Management Theory Human Relations Theory Organizational Behavior Human Resources Management

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Classical Management Theory

Theory recognizing management role in the organization – Early 1900s – 1920s

Focuses on efficiency and includes bureaucratic, scientific and administrative management

Bureaucratic – rule and procedures, hierarchy, division of labor

Scientific – worker and machine relationships, efficiency of time, human energy, and resources

Administrative – manager and functions of management

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Human Relations

Emerged in the 1920s Dealt with the human aspects of the organization Hawthorne Studies – human factors affect worker

productivity People respond to social environment, motivation

depends more on social needs than on economic needs, and satisfied employees work harder then unsatisfied

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Human Resources Management

Began in the early 1950s Motivation and leadership techniques Employees want meaningful work They want to contribute They want to participate in decision making

and leadership functions

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Organizational Behavior

Emerged in the late 1950s and early 1960s Focuses on how people, as individuals and groups, act

within an organization Systems approach – interprets relationships in terms of

the whole person, whole group, whole organization, and whole social system

Purpose is to build better relationships by achieving human, organizational, and social objectives.

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Principal's Philosophy, Values, Visions, and Goals

Organization’s culture – determines the type of leadership, communication, and group dynamics within organization

Employee motivation – quality of work life Performance Individual satisfaction Personal growth and development

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4 Organizational Frameworks

Autocratic – Basis is power – performance is minimal

Custodial – Basis is economic resources – performance is passive cooperation

Supportive – Basis is leadership with managerial support – performance is awakened drives

Collegial – Basis is partnerships – performance is enthusiasm

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Think About

What type of leader do you want to be?How will your staff describe you?