Management Past to Present. CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT THEORISTS Taylor’s Scientific ManagementFayol’s...
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Transcript of Management Past to Present. CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT THEORISTS Taylor’s Scientific ManagementFayol’s...
ManagementPast to Present
CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT THEORISTS
Taylor’s Scientific Management
Fayol’s Administrative Principles
Weber’s Bureaucratic Organization
The focus is moving away from Scientific Management &
productivity
The HUMAN SIDEPeople want to be social
& self-fulfilled!
BEHAVIOIURAL MANAGEMENT THEORISTS
Mayo’s Hawthorne Studies
Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs
McGregor’s Theory of X & Theory Y
Argyris’ Theory of Adult Personality
…at the same time HR approaches were being developed
Others were investigating
QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
Applying mathematical techniques to management problems
Focus on rational decision making
Techniques use “economic” decision criteria, such as costs, revenues & return on investment
Mathematical solutions should be used to “support” NOT replace good managerial judgement!
MODERN MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
build upon the foundations of classical, HR & quantitative ideas
People are complex…their needs vary over time…they possess a range of talents
& capabilities that can be continually developed
Belief
f
MODERN MANAGEMENT THEORIES
ORGANIZATIONS AS SYSTEMS
CONTINGENCY THINKING
LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIZATIONS AS SYSTEMS
High performance by the organization as a whole occurs only when each subsystem both performs its tasks well and works well in co-operation with others.
It’s the organization’s managers responsibilities to make this coordinated action possible!
KEY no one theory applies universally in all situations or to the exclusion of others
Match the managerial response to the problems & opportunities in different settings
There is NO “one best way” … what may be a good structure for one organization, may not work well for another… OR, what has worked in the past may not suit the future
CONTINGENCY THINKING
LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS
continuously change & improve, using the lessons of experience
KEYS learning is encouraged & made available to everyone…emphasis on information sharing, teamwork, empowerment & participation.
Leaders in learning organizations set an example for others by embracing change