Male and female occupant models in vehicle safety...
Transcript of Male and female occupant models in vehicle safety...
Male and female occupant models
in vehicle safety assessment
Astrid Linder, Adj Prof, PhD
Research Director
The Swedish National Road and Transport
Research Institute
Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Conference ESOF Satellite
29 July, Manchester, United Kingdom
Vehicle safety assessment
ECE R16 ECE R94 ECE R95
Avege female
model
Non Non Non
Averge male
model
R16 manikin Hybrid III ES-2 Side Impact
Legislative vehicle safety test in Europe
Human Body Models
Male models Female
models
Proprietary
Human
Body
Models
GHBMC THUMS
50th and 95th 50th
Male Male
No
existing
models
Whiplash injuries
- More than 60% of the costs of all injuries
leading to permanent medical impairment
for the insurance companies
- Europe: 800 000 injuries annually, 40 000
result in long term suffering
- Costs: > € 10 billion in Europe
Whiplash Injuries
Most common in rear impacts
Low severity crashes, less than 20 km/h
Based on Krafft (1998)
Vehicle occupants, PMI 10%+
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Whiplash – Injury risk
Whiplash protection concepts, risk for pmi
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
WIL + Whips RHR all Standard seats
Male Female Total
70% 47%
-13%
52%
Kullgren et al. (2013) Development of Whiplash Associated Disorders for Male and Female Car Occupants
in Cars Launched Since the 80s in Different Impact Directions, IRCOBI Conference
Conclusions
• Injury statistics: Different seat concepts provide different
protection for the males and females.
• A need for an extended test matrix with models of both parts
of the adult population.
• The inclusion of an average female dummy model in the
test procedure would provide the opportunity to assess the
injury protection performances for both male and female
occupants.
Thank you for your attention! [email protected]