Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as...
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Transcript of Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as...
![Page 1: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Malcolm Knowles
1913-1997
![Page 2: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Background
• Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana• Worked 9 years as
Practioner/Administrator with YMCA• Worked 8 years as Executive Director of
the Adult Education Association• Worked almost 20 years as professor of
Adult Education• Forced to retire in 1979• Died in 1997
![Page 3: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Theory
• Andragogy– learning strategies focused on adults
![Page 4: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Assumptions & Processes
• Increasing self-directedness
• Learners resource for learning
• Developmental tasks of social roles
• Immediacy of implementation
• Problem Centered
• Mutual self-diagnosis• Mutual Negotiation• Problem units• Experimental
techniques• Mutual measurement
of program• Collaborative
![Page 5: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Assumptions
• Need to know why they need to learn something
• Need to learn experimentally
• Approach learning as problem-solving
• Learn best when topic is off immediate value
![Page 6: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Principles
• Need to be involved
• Experience
• Immediate relevance
• Problem-centered
![Page 7: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Factors for Successful Adult Learning Programs
• Students feel safe and supported• Foster intellectual freedom• Encourage experimentation & creativity• Students treated as peers by instructor• Student opinions honored & appreciated• Self-directed learning• Intellectual challenge• Active involvement• Regular feedback
![Page 9: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Motivation
• Social relationships• External expectations• Social welfare• Personal advancement• Escape/stimulation• Cognitive interest
• Barriers
![Page 10: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Curriculum Design
• Less interested in survey courses
• Integrate new ideas with what is known
• Conflicts with existing knowledge
• Self-directed/self-designed learning projects
• Books, tv, & programmed instruction more popular
• Self-direction != isolation
![Page 11: Malcolm Knowles 1913-1997. Background Born in 1913 in Livingston, Montana Worked 9 years as Practioner/Administrator with YMCA Worked 8 years as Executive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f555503460f94c793b3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Examples
• Carla A. Downing, Ph.D
• Gerry Czarnecki reading from his book Lead with Love
• "Would Malcolm Knowles Use Twitter"