MalaysiaPolicies and issues relating to speeding &

road safetySharifah Allyana

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research(MIROS)

ROAD SAFETY PLAN OF MALAYSIA

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FATALITIES BY ROAD USER GROUP - 2018

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Motorcycle , 4,128, 66%

Car, 1,167, 19%

Pedestrian, 407, 6%

Bicycle, 122, 2%

Van, 47, 1%

Bus, 39, 1%

Lorry, 192, 3%

4 wheel, 88, 1%

Others, 94, 1%

Source: PDRM

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Year Death

Road Safety Index in Malaysia

Per 10,000 vehiclesPer 100,000population

Per Billion VKT(Vehicle Kilometre 

Travelled)

2001 5849 5.17 25.1 23.93

2002 5891 4.90 25.3 22.71

2003 6286 4.90 25.1 22.77

2004 6228 4.52 24.3 21.10

2005 6200 4.18 23.7 19.58

2006 6287 3.98 23.6 18.69

2007 6282 3.74 23.1 17.60

2008 6527 3.63 23.5 17.65

2009 6745 3.55 23.8 17.27

2010 6872 3.40 23.8 16.21

2011 6877 3.21 23.7 14.68

2012 6917 3.04 23.6 13.35

2013 6915 2.90 23.1 12.19

2014 6674 2.66 22.0 10.64

2015 6706 2.55 21.5 9.60

2016 7152 2.59 22.6 10.70

2017 6740 2.40 21.1 9.60

2018 6284

REGISTERED VEHICLES

5Source: RTD

Number of Drivers / Riders Involved By Type of Road Accident

Type of Faults Fatal Serious Minor TotalCareless at Entrance / Exit 237 159 173 569Negligent Signalling 219 154 81 454Overloading (Goods) 60 91 51 202Overloading (Passengers) 111 108 105 324Wrong Parking 151 125 122 398Drugs 1 2 2 5Careless Driving 443 229 194 866Dangerous Driving 226 145 159 530Dangerous Turning 480 285 519 1,284Dangerous Overtaking 236 242 300 778Driving Too Close 252 143 295 690Speeding 475 166 208 849Not Conforming to T/Light 282 223 152 657Others Offences 533 357 816 1,706Not at Fault 10,622 4,953 9,637 25,212Total 14,328 7,382 12,814 34,524

6Source: PDRM

TYPE OF FIRST COLLISION

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Head-on Collision

24%

Rear Collision

14%

Side Right/Left

Flank4%

Angular Collision

15%

Side Swipe

6%

Forced Collision

0%

Hitting Animal

1%

Hitting Object On

Road1%

Hitting Object

Off Road

1%

Hitting Pedestrian

6%

Overturned0% Out of Control

28%

Road Crashes by Type of First Collision

Head-on Collision

21%

Rear Collision

15%

Right Angle Side Collision

5%

Angular Collision

17%

Side Swipe10%

Forced Collision

0%

Hitting Animal

2%

Hitting Object

On Road

1%

Hitting Object

Off Road

1%

Hitting Pedestrian

3%

Overturned0%

Out of Control

22%

Others3%

Motorcyclist Involved in Road Crashes by Type of First Collision

Source: PDRM

PILLAR 2: SAFER ROAD • 8 programs

• 2 programs related to speeding• Reviewing speed limit for road type and vehicle• Implementation of speed controlling method (traffic calming)

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Type of Speed Limit:

• Statutory Speed Limit

• Local/Zonal Speed Limit

• Advisory Speed Limit

PILLAR 3 – SAFER VEHICLES• Different speed limit for commercial vehicle

• ASEANNCAP

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PILLAR 4 – SAFER ROAD USERS

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ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

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ENFORCEMENT RELATED ACT

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15

Enforcement Approach

AUTOMATED AWARENESS SAFETY SYSTEM

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Impact studies

Compliance to speed limit

Location

Before Installation

(Year 2012)

After Installation (Year 2014)

T-test, p-value

Mean SD Mean SD

Jalan LebuhSentosa (Putrajaya) 6.94 2.436 7.36 1.644

t (387) = -2.020,

p = .044

Perception of being caught

EVALUATION OF NATIONAL SPEED REDUCTION ON FEDERAL ROADSResearch objective Method Key Findings

AIM: to evaluate the effect of speed limit reduction during Ops Bersepadu Chinese New Year 2019

Specific Objective:1. To determine

mean speed difference between before Ops and during Ops

2. To collect time headway of vehicle

• Observation at 4 locations:

• Tanjung Malim (F1), • Bentong (F8),• Kapar (F5) and • Batu Pahat (F5)

• Using smart sensor device. 1 hour for each location.

• Speed analysis only use samples of vehicle with free flow speed (> 4 seconds time headway)

• Data collected during dry surface condition.

• The rate of speed limit violation was lower during Ops at tanjung Malim, Bentong & Batu Pahat. While at Kapar the speed limit violation was higher during Ops. The 4 lane 2 carriageway road at Kapar may affected his.

• The speed limit reduction during Ops was unable to reduce the mean travel speed

• 1 location (Tanjung Malim, F1) saw a significant increase in speed during Ops from 79 to 83kph. Other locations – no significant difference in speed

• 1 location (Bentong,F8) saw a significant decrease in mean time headway (9.0 s to 6.2 s)

18By: Syed Tajul Malik Syed Tajul Arif, Mohd Shafie Nemmang, Norfaizah Mohd Khaidir

Speeding above 90kph Speeding above 80kphLocation BeforeOps DuringOps BeforeOps DuringOps

Tjg. Malim 25% 17% 43% 38%Bentong 29% 24% 48% 45%

Kapar 36% 31% 61% 60%BatuPahat 25% 31% 45% 53%

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FINDINGSSpeed analysis

• Tanjung Malim saw a significant increase in speed during Ops. Other location no significant difference in speed. This indicate that the speed limit reduction was not effective to reduce the travel speed

• Similarly during Ops CNY 2018, the speed limit reduction strategy was not effective to reduce the travel speed. Except for Segamat with decrease in travel speed

LocationMean speed

Normal days During Ops DifferenceTanjung Malim (F1) 78 kph 81 kph Increase

Bentong (F8) 93 kph 96 kph IncreaseKuala Selangor (F5) 81 kph 89 kph Increase

Batu Pahat (F5) 75 kph 76 kph IncreaseSegamat (F12) 89 kph 83 kph Decrease

Mantin (F1) 66 kph 76 kph IncreaseGopeng (F1) 76 kph 77 kph Increase

Yong Peng (F1) 83 kph 85 kph Increase

LocationMean speed

Normal days During Ops DifferenceTanjung Malim (F1) 79 kph 83 kph Sig. speed increase

Bentong (F8) 86 kph 85 kph No sig. differenceKapar (F5) 80 kph 81 kph No sig. difference

Batu Pahat (F5) 77 kph 76 kph No sig. difference

Mean speed forOps CNY 2019

Mean speed forOps CNY 2018

Mean Time Headway

Location Before Ops During Ops Difference

Tanjung Malim (F1) 8.7 s 7.8 s No sig. difference

Bentong (F8) 9.0 s 6.2 s Sig. decrease

Kapar (F5) 10.7 s 10.2 s No sig. difference

Batu Pahat (F5) 10.4 s 10.5 s No sig. difference

Mean time headway analysis

• Bentong saw a significant decrease in mean time headway.

• Other location no significant difference.

• This mean there is less opportunity for vehicle to overtake. Time headway also correlate with traffic volume

THANK YOU

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety ResearchLot 125 – 135, Jalan TKS 1Taman Kajang Sentral43000 KajangSelangor, Malaysia 

Tel: +603 8924 9200 Fax: +603 8733 2005Site: http://www.miros.gov.my