MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA...

56
MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY

Transcript of MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA...

Page 1: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI

ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT

BY CA A.M SHETTY

Page 2: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

HIGHLIGHTS OF DISCUSSION

– AN OVERVIEW OF SEC 44AB– ETHICAL ISSUES – AUDIT REPORT IN FORM NO 3CA & 3CB – ISSUES ARISING FROM CERTIFICATION OF PARTICULARS IN FORM NO

3CD.– ELECTRONIC UPLOADING OF AUDIT REPORT.– JUDICIAL PRONOUNCEMENTS– GENERAL ISSUES

Page 3: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

REVENUE RECEIPTS

MACRO FIGURES OF UNION BUDGET 2012C O R P O R ATIO N TAX

TAXE S O N INC O ME

WE AL TH TAX

C US TO MS

UNIO N E XC IS EDUTIE S

S E R VIC E TAX

TAXE S O N UNIO NTE R R ITO R IE S

180141419520

247639187308

197554

RS IN CRORES

Page 4: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

TAX REVENUE - PERCENTAGE CHANGE

PARTICULAR 2012-2013 (RUPEES IN

CRORES)BUDGET

ESTIMATES

2012-2013(RUPEES IN

CRORES)REVISED

ESTIMATES

2013-2014(RUPEES IN

CRORES )

%CHANGE

GROSS TAX REVENUE 1077612 1038037 1235870 19

CORPORATION TAX 373227 358874 419520 17

TAXES ON INCOME 195786 206095 247639 20

WEALTH TAX 1244 866 950 10

CUSTOMS 186694 164853 187308 14

UNION EXCISE DUTIES 194360 171996 197554 15

SERVICE TAX 124000 132697 180141 36

TAXES ON UNION TERRITORIES 2310 2656 2758 4

LESS-NCCD TRANSFERRED TO NCCF/NDRF

4620 4375 4800 10

LESS-STATE SHARE 301921 291547 346992 19

CENTRE’S NET TAX REVENUE 771071 742115 884078 19

Page 5: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

TAX REVENUE- % CONTRIBUTIONPARTICULAR 2012-2013

(RS IN CRORES)BUDGET

ESTIMATE

2012-2013(RS IN CRORES)

REVISED ESTIMATE

2013-2014(RS IN

CRORES ) BUDGET

ESTIMATE

%CONTRIBUTION

GROSS TAX REVENUE 1077612 1038037 1235870

CORPORATION TAX 373227 358874 419520 34

TAXES ON INCOME 195786 206095 247639 20

WEALTH TAX 1244 866 950

CUSTOMS 186694 164853 187308 15

UNION EXCISE DUTIES 194360 171996 197554 16

SERVICE TAX 124000 132697 180141 15

TAXES ON UNION TERRITORIES 2310 2656 2758

LESS-NCCD TRANSFERRED TO NCCF/NDRF

4620 4375 4800

LESS-STATE SHARE 301921 291547 346992

CENTRE’S NET TAX REVENUE 771071 742115 884078

Page 6: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

WHO SHOULD GET THEIR BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS AUDITED U/S 44AB?

Sales / Gross Turnover or

Gross Receipts exceed

UptoA.Y 2010-11

A.Y 2011-12&

A.Y 2012-13

A.Y 2013-14

Business Rs 40 Lacs Rs 60 Lacs Rs 1 Cr

Profession Rs 10 Lacs Rs 15 Lacs Rs 25 Lacs

•Audit u/s 44AB is necessary where assessee claims profits from Business is less than 8%, where Sec 44 AD is applicable.•Audit u/s 44AB is necessary where assessee claims profits is lower than specified U/s 44AE, 44BB or 44BBB.

Page 7: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

INTRODUCTION

• Audit in case of non corporate entities– Entire audit to be conducted– True and Fair view of Financial Statement

• Tax Audit in case of Companies– Only particulars in Form 3CD to be certified– Reliance to be placed on report of Statutory Auditor– SA 600 - Using the work of another auditor– Some additional verification maybe necessary– Co-relation of particulars given in Form 3CD with disclosures in

Financial Statement (e.g. AS 18(Related Party Disclosure), CARO report, etc.)

Page 8: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ICAI CODE OF ETHICS

• COMMUNICATION WITH PREVIOUS AUDITOR– COMMUNICATION WITH PREVIOUS AUDITOR BY REGISTERED A.D

OR IN PERSON.– NO NEED TO COMMUNICATE WITH STATUTORY AUDITOR.

• INDEBTED FOR MORE THAN RS 10,000 – ( NOTIFICATION NO 1-CA(7) 63/2002 DT 2.08.2002 )

• PROFESSIONAL REASONS FOR NOT ACCEPTING THE APPOINTMENT– NON-PAYMENT OF UNDISPUTED AUDIT FEES– (in case of sick unit, the above prohibition of acceptance shall not

apply)

Page 9: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ICAI CODE OF ETHICS (contd..)

• (a) In the case of a CA in practice or a proprietary firm of CA, 45 tax audit assignments, in a financial year, whether in respect of corporate or non-corporate assesses.

• (b) In the case of firm of CA’s in practice, 45 tax audit assignments per partner in the firm, in a financial year, whether in respect of corporate or non-corporate assesses.

Page 10: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

FORM OF TAX AUDIT PARTICULARS TO BE FURNISHED BYMEMBERS/FIRM

• Record of Tax Audit Assignments• 1. Name of the Member accepting the assignment• 2. Membership No.• 3. Financial year of audit acceptance• 4. Name and Registration No. of the firm/ firms of which the

member is a proprietor or partner.

S. No

Name of the Auditee

A.Y of the Auditee

DateOf Appointment

Date of Acceptance

Name of the Firm on whose behalf the Member has accepted the assignment

Date of Communication with the Previous Auditor ( if applicable)

Page 11: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

SEC 271B- FAILURE TO GET ACCOUNTS AUDITED

• W.E.F A.Y 2011-12 THE PENALTY SHALL BE THE LOWER OF THE FOLLOWING AMOUNTS

• a. 0.5% ( HALF PERCENT ), OR• b. RS 150,000/-• UPTO A.Y 2010-11 THE PENALTY WAS– 0.5%, OR– RS 1 LAC, WHICHEVER IS LOWER

ITO can order for Special Audit U/s 142(2A)

Page 12: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Reasonable cause for not furnishing Audit Report U/s 44AB

• Resignation of tax auditor• Bonafide interpretation of the term T.O.• Death or physical inability of the partner in

charge of a/cs• Labour problems- strike / lockout• Loss of accounts – fire /theft• Seizure of books • Natural calamities

Page 13: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

DEFINITION OF “BUSINESS” & “PROFESSION”

• “BUSINESS” AS DEFINED U/S 2(13) OF THE ACT : “BUSINESS” INCLUDES ANY TRADE, COMMERCE, OR MANUFACTURE OR ANY ADVENTURE OR CONCERN IN THE NATURE OF TRADE, COMMERCE OR MANUFACTURE.

• SECTION 2(36) OF THE ACT DEFINES “PROFESSION” TO INCLUDE VOCATION. PROFESSION IS A WORD OF WIDE IMPORT & INCLUDES “VOCATION” WHICH IS ONLY A WAY OF LIVING – CIT V. RAM KRIPAL TRIPATHI(1980)125ITR 408(ALL)

Page 14: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

The following activities have been held to be business :

• (i) Advertising agent

• (ii) Clearing, forwarding and shipping agents - CIT v. Jeevanlal Lallubhai & Co. [1994] 206 ITR 548 (Bom).

• (iii) Couriers

• (iv) Insurance agent

• (v) Nursing home

• (vi) Stock and share broking and dealing in shares and securities - CIT v. Lallubhai Nagardas & Sons [1993] 204 ITR 93 (Bom).

• (vii) Travel agent

Page 15: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

WHO IS A SPECIFIED PROFESSIONAL? Sec 44AA

EVERY PERSON CARRYING ON :(i) Accountancy(ii) Architectural(iii) Authorized Representative(iv) Company Secretary(v) Engineering(vi) Film Artists(vii) Interior Decoration(viii) Legal(ix) Medical(x) Technical Consultancy(xi) Information Technology

Page 16: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE – 9 BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS PRESCRIBEDU/S 44AA FOR PROFESSIONALS

What books of accounts are required to be maintained by persons covered u/s 44 AA(1):As per Rule 6F(2) the following books of accounts and documents are required to be maintained:1) cash book2) Journal, if the accounts are maintained as per mercantile system of accounting3) ledger4) carbon copies of bills5) original bills for expenses and payment vouchers for petty expenses.

Persons engaged in medical profession are, in addition, required to maintain daily case register Form No. 3C and

Inventory, as at the beginning and end of the year.

Page 17: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

DEFINITION OF BOOKS OR BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS U/S 2(12A)

• Includes ledgers• Day books• Cash books• Account books• And other books• Whether in written form or print outs of data stored in a

floppy, disc, tape or any other form of electro magnetic data storage device.

Page 18: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

IS THE DATA KEPT IN ELECTRONIC FORMAT CONSIDERED AS BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS?

• Section 4 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 states that “Where any law provides that information or any other matter shall be in writing or in the typewritten or printed form, then, notwithstanding anything contained in such law, such requirement shall be deemed to have been satisfied if such information or matter is-

• (i) rendered or made available in an electronic form; and• (ii) accessible so as to be usable for a subsequent reference.”

Page 19: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

TURNOVER, SALES & GROSS RECEIPTS• Sales, turnover and gross receipts should be construed in

accordance with the method of accounting regularly employed.

• Cash or mercantile system • Trade discount can be deducted

• VAT, Excise duties collected should not be taken into account if they are credited separately

• In case of speculative transaction both profit & loss to be considered as turnover.

• Proceeds of keyman insurance policy • In case of professionals out of pocket expenses collected

separately for stamp duty, registration fees does not form part of gross receipts

Page 20: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ITEMS TO BE INCLUDED IN “GROSS RECEIPTS”

• Advance received from customers & forfeited• Cash incentives for exports• Charges recovered not by way of reimbursement of actual expenses

incurred

• Commission, brokerage, service charges & other incidental charges received by a chit fund

• Consolidated amount for transportation, boarding & lodging and other facilities in respect of package tour received from members of a group tour by a travel agent

• Dividends on shares received by a dealer in shares• Duty drawback• Exchange difference (net) on export sales (on the same principle as

for reimbursement of expenses below)

Page 21: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ITEMS TO BE INCLUDED IN “GROSS RECEIPTS” CONTD..

• Advance received from customers & forfeited• Cash incentives for exports• Charges recovered not by way of reimbursement of actual expenses

incurred

• Commission, brokerage, service charges & other incidental charges received by a chit fund

• Consolidated amount for transportation, boarding & lodging and other facilities in respect of package tour received from members of a group tour by a travel agent

• Dividends on shares received by a dealer in shares• Duty drawback• Exchange difference (net) on export sales (on the same principle as for

reimbursement of expenses below)

Page 22: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ITEMS TO BE INCLUDED IN “GROSS RECEIPTS” CONTD..

• Profits on sale of import license • Recovery of charges from clients by advertising agencies where the

ad agency books space or time-slots in bulk & then sells to clients

• Reimbursement of expenses incurred (eg-packing, forwarding etc) if the same is not credited to a separate account& expenses incurred are debited to that account, then only the net surplus should be added to the turnover for sec 44AB purposes

• Rental income- where the same is assessable as business income• Sales proceeds of scrap, wastage etc – if not treated as part of sale

or turnover

Page 23: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ITEMS NOT TO BE INCLUDED IN “GROSS RECEIPTS”

• Advance forfeited in respect of fixed assets• Advance received for services to be rendered- these are

liabilities & not part of gross receipts until services are rendered. For contrary view point see dy. Cit v. Gopal krishan builders

• Dividends on shares except where the assessee is a dealer in shares

• Interest income is not assessable as business income

• Out of pocket expenses collected separately from clients by solicitors, advocates / CA's & credited to a separate a/c & utilized for making payments on client’s behalf

• Reimbursement of advertisement charges received by advertising agent from clients

Page 24: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ITEMS NOT TO BE INCLUDED IN “GROSS RECEIPTS”

• Reimbursement of advertising charges received from clients by a recruiting agent

• Reimbursement of customs duty & other charges received by a clearing agent

• Reimbursement of payments to airlines, railways etc, (incurred on behalf of clients) received by a travel agent

• Rental income which is not assessable as business income• Sales proceeds of fixed assets, investments

• Share of profit of a partner of total income of a firm/ LLP, excluded from his total income u/s 10(2a)

• Write back of amounts no longer payable to creditors• Write back of provisions no longer required

Page 25: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

WHETHER SALES TAX & EXCISE DUTY TO BE INCLUDED IN SALES TURNOVER

• Section 145A of the Income Tax Act,1961 states that purchase , sale and inventory shall be valued by taking into account the amount of any tax, duty, cess or fee . An extract of section 145A is as follows:

• 145A. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in section 145,• (a) the valuation of purchase and sale of goods and inventory for the purposes of

determining the income chargeable under the head Profits and gains of business or profession shall be

• (i) in accordance with the method of accounting regularly employed by the assessee; and

• (ii) further adjusted to include the amount of any tax, duty, cess or fee (by whatever name called) actually paid or incurred by the assessee to bring the goods to the place of its location and condition as on the date of valuation.

• Explanation: For the purposes of this section, any tax, duty, cess or fee (by whatever name called) under any law for the time being in force, shall include all such payment notwithstanding any right arising as a consequence to such payment.

Page 26: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

TURNOVER – CASE LAW

• SHARES PURCHASED FROM IPO & SOLD WITHIN 30 DAYS- BUSINESS INCOME- SHRYAS M JHAVERI V/s ITO 2013 (32) TAXMANN.COM (362) MUMBAI TRIBUNAL

• CIT V/s HEROS PUBLICITY SERVICES (2001) 248 ITR 256/118 TAXMAN 638 (BOM), IT HAS BEEN DECIDED THAT WHERE THE ASSESSEE EARNED MERELY THE COMMISSION AS AGENT OF ITS PRINCIPAL, THE ENTIRE AMOUNT OF THE TRANSACTIONS COULD NOT BE TREATED AS HAVING ACRUED TO THE ASSESSEE FOR APPLYING SECTION 44AB.

Page 27: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

AMOUNTS NOT CREDITED TO P & L A/C

• CLAUSE 13(d) - ANY OTHER ITEM OF INCOME: • Foregn Exchange fluctuation Income• Share of profit from firm,Int & remuneration.

• CLAUSE 13(e)- CAPITAL RECEIPTS• (a) Capital subsidy received in the form of Government grants which

are in the nature of promoters’ contribution i.e., they are given with reference to the total investment of the undertaking or by way of contribution to its total capital outlay. For e.g. Capital Investment Subsidy Scheme.

• (b) Government grant in relation to a specific fixed asset where such grant is shown as a deduction from the gross value of the asset by the concern in arriving at its book value.

• (c) Compensation for surrendering certain rights.• (d) Profit on sale of fixed assets/investments to the extent not

credited to the profit and loss account.

Page 28: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 14 (a to f)- DEPRECIATION • Depreciation should be allowed at the rate prescribed in

Income Tax Act. • And if asset used less than 180 days then depreciation @

50%

• U/s 32(1)(iia) New machinery or plant (excluding ships and aircrafts) acquired and installed after March 31, 2005 by manufacturer additional depreciation of 20% of actual cost shall be allowed.

• W.e.f A.Y.2013-14, assessees engaged in business of generation or generation and distribution of power eligible for additional depreciation U/s 32(1)(iia).

Page 29: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 16

MONTH AMOUNT (RS) DUE DATE PAID ON DATEJANUARY 10,000 15.02.2013 15.02.2013FEBRUARY 10,000 15.03.2013 20.03.2013MARCH 10,000 15.03.2013 25.04.2013

Clause 16(a) Any sum paid to an employee as bonus or commission for services rendered, where such sum was otherwise payable to him as profits or dividend. [Section 36(1)(ii)].

Clause 16(b) Any sum received from employees towards contributions to any P.F or any other fund mentioned in section 2(24)(x); and due date for payment and the actual date of payment.

GN- It may be noted that Employees’ P.F. manual provides for 5 days of grace period for payment of contribution. This can be taken into consideration for determining the due date of payment.

Page 30: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CASE LAW ON SECTION 2(24)(x)

• DCIT VS. M/S TIRUPATI JUTE INDUSTRIES LTD C.C-XXII, KOLKATA I.T.A NO. 1189/KOL/2011 A.Y 2008-09

• ITAT has upheld the decision of CIT(Appeals) in deleting the addition made by ITO regarding employees contribution of PF & ESIC paid after due date specified in respective Act.

• Refer CIT Vs. Alom Extrusions Ltd (2009) 319 ITR 306 (SC)

Page 31: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 17(e) - Penalty

• To be distinguished from contractual obligations-even if such payments are labeled as ‘penalty’ in a contract.

• A Penalty for violation of law needs to be reported under this clause, even if the violation has arisen in the course of trading operations

• Where the penalty or fine is in the nature of penalty or fine only, the entire amount thereof will have to be stated.

• If the impost is purely compensatory in nature,-not to be reported

Page 32: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 17(f)- Amounts inadmissible U/s 40(a) & 40(a)(ia)

• Any Int, commission, rent, royalty, professional fees, or amounts payable to a contractor, payable to a Resident on which TDS is deductible & such TDS is not deducted or TDS deducted but not paid on or before the due date of filing the Return of Income, then expenditure will be dis-allowed.

• On payment of TDS expenditure will be allowed as deduction in subsequent year.

Changes in Finance Act 2012- Deductee files ROI

Page 33: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CASE LAW: MERILYN SHIPPING & TRANSPORTS V. ADDL. CIT(2012)20 TAXMANN.COM 244(VISHAKHA.-

TRIB.)(SB)• IT WAS HELD THAT SECTION 40(a)(ia) WOULD APPLY ONLY TO

AMOUNTS O/S AS OF 31ST MARCH OF EVERY YEAR ON WHICH TDS WAS NOT DEDUCTED & NOT TO AMOUNTS PAID DURING THE PREVIOUS YEAR WITHOUT DEDUCTION OF TDS.

• THE GUJRAT HIGH COURT HAS REJECTED THE INTERPRETATION OF SEC 40(a)(ia) BY ITAT(SB) IN MERILYN SHIPPING (SUPRA). IN CIT V. SIKANDARKHAN N TUNVAR (2013)33 TAXMANN.COM 133(GUJ) IT WAS HELD THAT SEC 40(a)(ia) WOULD COVER NOT ONLY TO THE AMOUNTS WHICH ARE PAYABLE AS ON 31ST MARCH OF PARTICULAR YEAR BUT ALSO WHICH ARE PAYABLE AT ANY TIME DURING THE YEAR.

• THE CALCUTTA HC ALSO REJECTED THE INTERPRETATION OF ITAT(SB)(SEE CIT V. MD. JAKIR HOSSAIN MONDAL(2013) 33 TAXMANN.COM 123 (CALCULTTA))

Page 34: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 17(g)- Interest, salary, bonus commission or remuneration Inadmissible

U/s 40(b)/40(ba)

• Salary, bonus, commission or remuneration or int are not admissible, unless the following conditions are satisfied:

• (a) Remuneration is paid to working partner(s).• (b) Remuneration or int is authorised by the deed and

is in accordance with the deed.• (c) Remuneration or interest does not pertain to a

period prior to the date of deed.• (d) Interest not more than 12% p.a.

Page 35: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 17(h)- Certificate from Assessee towards exp. Covered U/s 40A(3) & Amounts inadmissible

U/s 40A(3) read with Rule 6DD

• Only Revenue payments covered.• As per ICAI guideline, in case no proper evidence for

verification of payments by a/c payee cheque / draft available, the report should comment that it is not possible to verify.

• In case of payment made for plying, hiring or leasing goods carriages, the limit is Rs 35,000 per day.

• Review the payments in cash book and adjustments to advances/ deposits to ensure all cash expenses exceeding Rs 20,000/ Rs 35,000 have been reported.

• Obtain certificate from auditee that all payments exceeding Rs 20,000/ Rs 35,000 for expenses if made by cheque/ DD are made by account payee cheque/ draft.

Page 36: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 17(l)- Expenses inadmissible in terms of sec 14A- incurred in relation to exempt income

• Section 14A was inserted in Chapter IV – Computation of total income by the Finance Act, 2001 with retrospective effect from 1.4.1962 i.e. A.Y. 1962-63.

• Sub-rule (1) of Rule 8D provides that having regard to the accounts of the assessee of a previous year, if the Assessing Officer is not satisfied with the correctness of the claim of expenditure made by the assessee or with the claim made by the assessee that no expenditure has been incurred, in relation to income which does not form part of the total income under the Act for such previous year, he shall determine the amount of such inadmissible expenditure in accordance with the method of computation laid down in sub-rule (2) of Rule 8D.

Page 37: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 17(l) Contd..• Obtain management representation as to income

going to be claimed as exempt for the year.• Obtain details of such expenses-like interest on

funds borrowed, personal cost, rent, travelling & other relevant administrative cost

• If computation bases on particular interpretation, give basis of interpretation

• If there are no direct expenses then disallowance has to be worked out as per Rule 8D

• In cases of companies having undertaking of the nature of 10A/ 10B/ 10C, then appropriate note be given disclosing both income and expenditure as per Audit Report issued u/sec 10A/10B

Page 38: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Commissioner of Income Tax vs. Winsome Textile Industries Ltd. (2009) 319 ITR 204 (P&H)

• Even if deduction U/s 36(1)(iii) is ordinarily available in respect of borrowed funds utilized for the purpose of business Sec14A carves out an exception insofar as any expenditure which is relatable to the earning of dividend income not subject to tax is to be disallowed.

• It is to be ascertained as to whether the assessee has made the investment in purchase of shares out of borrowed funds or invested its own funds. If the assessee has invested its own money in the purchase of shares then there is no question of any disallowance in respect of interest on borrowed funds under s. 14A. However, if the borrowed funds have been utilised for purchase of shares of M/s Winsome Yarns Ltd., disallowance U/s14A shall have to be calculated even when investment has been made in the course of business of the assessee and the assessee qualifies for deduction U/s 36(1)(iii).

• Disallowance has got to be made U/s 14A if any expenditure relating to the earning of income which is not chargeable to tax has been debited to the accounts by the assessee.

Page 39: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Form 3CD- Clause 18 –Payments to persons specified u/sec 40A(2)(b)

• Obtain list of such specified persons from the Assessee & details of expenditure incurred

• Review the relevant accounts to identify any payments made to specified persons

• In case of companies consider disclosure in the register maintained u/sec 301 & as per As-18

• Give full particulars of transactions• Word used is ‘payment’ –rational interpretation is

payment in respect of expenditure• Disclosure suggested where such information not

made available

Page 40: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 21(i)AEXAMPLE : 43B

MVAT O/S AMOUNT ( RS )

O/S AS ON 01.04.2012 200,000

PAID ON 30.09.2012 150,000

BALANCE 50,000

PAID ON 31.03.2013 25,000

BALANCE 25,000

PRE-EXISTED ON THE 1ST DAY OF THE PREVIOUS YEAR BUT WAS NOT ALLOWED IN THE ASSESSEMENT OF ANY PRECEDING YEAR AND WAS :

A: PAID DURING THE PREVIOUS YEAR

NATURE OF LIABILTY AMOUNT (RS)

MVAT 25,000

B: NOT PAID DURING THE PREVIOUS YEARNATURE OF LIABILTY AMOUNT (RS)

MVAT O/S 25,000

Page 41: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

EXAMPLEMVAT O/S AMOUNT (RS)

MVAT LIABILITY FOR F.Y 2012-13

200,000

PAID ON 30.12.2012 50,000

PAID ON 30.09.2013 100,000

BALANCE 50,000

WAS INCURRED IN THE PREVIOUS YEAR AND WAS:A. PAID ON OR BEFORE THE DUE DATE FOR FURNISHING THE

RETURN OF INCOME OF THE PRVIOUS YEAR U/S 139(1)

NATURE OF LIABILTY AMOUNT RS)

MVAT 100,000

NATURE OF LIABILTY AMOUNT (RS)

MVAT 50,000

B. NOT PAID ON OR BEFORE THE AFORESAID DATE

CLAUSE 21(i)BEXAMPLE

Page 42: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 22(b)- PRIOR PERIOD ITEMS• There is a difference between expenditure of any earlier year

debited to the profit & loss a/c & expenditure relating to any earlier year, which has crystallized during the relevant year.

• Material adjustments necessitated by circumstances which though related to previous periods but determined in the current period, will not be considered as prior period item.

• In As-5 as also in As(IT)-II notified by the Govt U/s 145, it has been explained that material charges (expenses) or credits(income) which arise in the current year as a result of omissions in the accounts of the earlier years will be considered as prior period items.

Page 43: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE 24(a)- SEC 269SS- ACCEPTANCE OF LOANS OR DEPOSITS OTHERWISE THAN BY AN A/C PAYEE CHEQUE /

BANK DRAFT• NO PERSON SHALL ACCEPT LOANS OR DEPOSITS OTHERWISE THAN

BY AN ACCOUNT PAYEE CHEQUE / BANK DRAFT IF • THE AMOUNT OF SUCH LOAN OR DEPOSIT OR HE AGGREGATE OF

AMOUNT OF SUCH LOAN AND DEPOSIT; OR• ON THE DATE OF ACCEPTING SUCH LOAN OR DEPOSIT, ANY LOAN

OR DEPOSIT ACCEPTED EARLIER BY SUCH PERSON FROM THE DEPOSITOR IS REMAINING UNPAID, THE AMOUNT OR THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT REMAINING UNPAID; OR

• THE AMOUNT OR THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (a) TOGETHER WITH THE AMOUNT OR THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (b),

• IS RS 20,000 OR MORE.

Page 44: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

EXCEPTIONS TO SECTION 269SS:• THE FOLLOWING PERSONS ARE EXEMPTED FROM THE

PURVIEW OF SECTION 269SS:• (A) GOVERNMENT ;

(B) ANY BANKING COMPANY, POST OFFICE SAVINGS BANK OR CO-OPERATIVE BANK ;(C) ANY CORPORATION ESTABLISHED BY A CENTRAL, STATE OR PROVINCIAL ACT ;(D) ANY GOVERNMENT COMPANY AS DEFINED IN SECTION 617 OF THE COMPANIES ACT, 1956(E) OTHER NOTIFIED INSITITUTIONS(F) WHERE THE DEPOSITOR AND THE ACCEPTOR ARE BOTH HAVING AGRICULTURAL INCOME AND NEITHER OF THEM HAVE ANY TAXABLE INCOME.

Page 45: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 24(a)- Particulars loan or deposit- Sec 269SS

Name ofthe lenderordepositor

Addressof thelender orDepositor

PAN ofthe lenderorDepositor

Amountof loanordeposittaken orAccepted

Whethertheloan/deposit wassquaredupduringthepreviousYear

Maximumamountoutstanding in theaccountat anytimeduring thePreviousYear

Whetherthe loan/depositwastaken oracceptedotherwise than byanaccountpayeebankchequeoraccountbankdraft

Page 46: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 24(b)- Particulars of repayment loan or deposit- 269T

Nameof thePayee

Addressof thePayee

PANof thePayee

Amountof loanordeposittaken orAccepted

Amount oftheRepayment

Maximumamountoutstandingin theaccount atany timeduring thePreviousYear

Whethertherepaymentwas madeotherwisethan by anaccountpayeebankcheque oraccountbank draft

Page 47: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 25(a) Details of brought forward loss or depreciation allowance, in the following manner, to

the extent available:

Sl No. AssessmentYear

Nature ofloss /allowance(in rupees)

Amountasreturned(inrupees)

Amount asassessed (givereference torelevant order)

Remarks

Page 48: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CLAUSE NO.25(b)- whether a change in shareholding of the company has taken place in the previous year due to which

the losses incurred prior to the previous year cannot be allowed to be carried forward in terms of section 79

• Carry forward of loss u/s 79• loss incurred in earlier year • 51% of the voting power • Not applicable if the change is due to death

or gift to any relative.

Page 49: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 26- Section-wise details of deductions, if any, admissible under Chapter VIA.

• A. Deduction in respect of certain payments.• B. Deduction in respect of certain incomes.• C. Other Deductions.

Page 50: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

• Clause 27(a) and (b)• (a) Whether the assessee has complied with the provisions

of Chapter XVII-B regarding deduction of tax at source and regarding the payment thereof to the credit of the Central Government [Yes/No]

• (b) If the provisions of Chapter XVII-B have not been complied with, please give the following details*, namely:-

(i) Tax deductible and not deducted at all ……(ii) Shortfall on account of lesser deduction than

required to be deducted……

(iii) Tax deducted late ……(iv) Tax deducted but not paid to the credit of the

Central Government10000

Page 51: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Clause 32 Accounting ratios with calculations as follows:-

• (a) Gross profit /Turnover;• (b) Net profit/Turnover;• (c) Stock-in-trade /Turnover;• (d) Material consumed /Finished goods

produced.

Page 52: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ANNEXURE –I PART A

• 1. Name of the assessee : ……………………• 2. Address : ……………….......• 3. PAN : ……………………• 4. Status : ……………………• 5. Previous year ended : 31st March……….• 6. Assessment year : ………………….…

Page 53: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

ANNEXURE –I PART B

Sl.No

Parameters C.Y P.Y

1 Paid-up share capital/capital of partner/proprietor2 Share Application Money/ Current Account of Partner

or Proprietor, if Any3 Reserves and Surplus/ Profit and Loss Account4 Secured loans5 Unsecured loans6 Current liabilities and provisions

Page 54: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

Sl Parameters C.Y P.Y7 Total of Balance Sheet8 Gross turnover/ gross receipts9 Gross profit10 Commission received11 Commission paid12 Interest received13 Depreciation as per books of Account14 Net Profit (or loss) before tax as per Profit and Loss

Account15 Taxes on income paid/provided for in the books

Place …………….Date …………….

………................Signed

Page 55: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

COMPLETION OF ASSIGNMENT

• Signatures• Form 3CA / 3CB to be signed by Chartered

Accountant• Mention of Firm Registration Number (FRN)• Mention of membership number• Form 3CD also to be signed by assessee?• Preferable for CA to put initials / stamp on

each page /annexure of 3CD

Page 56: MALAD CPE STUDY CIRCLE OF WIRC OF ICAI ISSUES UNDER TAX AUDIT U/S 44AB OF THE INCOME TAX ACT BY CA A.M SHETTY.

CA A.M SHETTYwww.caamshetty.com

THANK YOU