Major Geological Events
description
Transcript of Major Geological Events
Major Geological EventsCaused by
Plate Tectonics
Types of Boundaries• Divergent
― Plates move apart• Convergent
― Plates come together • Transform
― Plates slide horizontally past each other
Divergent Structures• New crust is formed as plates
pull apart• Land features include:
― Mid-Ocean Ridges Ex. - Mid-Atlantic Ridge
― Rift Valleys Ex. - African Rift Valley
― Earthquakes
Mid–Ocean Ridge (Location of Sea Floor Spreading)
Sea Floor Spreading (Mid-Ocean Ridge)
OlderOlderYounger
Divergent Structure
Rift Valley
Divergent Structure
Convergent Boundaries• Crust is destroyed and recycled back into the
mantle• Three types of convergent collisions• Features include:
― Trenches – Mariana Trench― Volcanic Arc (Volcanic Mountains) – Andes
mountains― Mountain Ranges – Himalayan Mountains― Earthquakes
Subduction
• Result of convergent boundary• A more dense plate slides under a less dense
plate and sinks into the mantle.
• Features include:― Oceanic-Oceanic = Trenches― Oceanic-Continental = Mountain
Ranges
Subduction Examples
Convergent Boundary• Oceanic-Oceanic
• Land Features – Trench and Island Arc
Oceanic-Oceanic convergence
Convergent Boundary• Oceanic-Continental
• Land Features – Trench and Volcanic Arc (Volcanic Mountains)
Oceanic-Continental convergence
Convergent Boundary• Continental-Continental
• Land Features – Folded Mountains
Continental-Continental convergence
Mountain Ranges
Transform Fault Structures• Crust is neither destroyed nor created• Can occur between two oceanic plates
or oceanic-continental plates• Features include:
― Earthquakes― Fault line – San Andreas Fault
Transform Boundary• Oceanic-Oceanic
• Land Feature – Fault Line
Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault Line
Transform Boundary• Continental-Continental
• Land Features – Fault Line
Earthquakes – All Boundaries
Volcanoes
Putting It All Together
Plate Boundaries
Plate Movement