Major Depression in the Population
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Transcript of Major Depression in the Population
MAJOR DEPRESSION IN THE POPULATION: A PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH
William W. Eaton, PhD, Johns Hopkins University, 2013
Copyright 2013, The Johns Hopkins University and William W. Eaton. This work is licensed under the Crea3ve Commons A7ribu3on-‐NonCommercial-‐NoDeriva3ves license. Your use of this material cons3tutes acceptance of that license and the condi3ons of use of materials on this site.
Lecture 4. The Search for Etiologic Clues
William W. Eaton, PhD, Johns Hopkins University, 2013
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Epidemiology of Depression: Risk Factors
A. Inheritance B. Stress and Diathesis C. Social supports D. Work, Family, and Life Stage E. Recency of birth
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Section A: Inheritance
Evidence on Inheritance of Depressive Disorder Selected Family Studies Reference Number of First Degree Rela5ves Risk (%) in First Degree Rela5ves
Cases Controls Cases Controls
Gershon et al 1982
133 208 16.6 5.8
Winokur et al, 1982
305 344 11.2 7.3
Leckman et al, 1984
810 521 14.9 5.6
Heun & Maier, 1993
306 221 19 7.7
Source: Selected from Table 8-3 in Zandi et al, Chapter 8, Public Mental Health, 2012
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Evidence on Inheritance of Depressive Disorder Selected Twin Studies
Reference MZ pairs
DZ pairs
Popula5on
Concordance Heritability
MZ DZ
McGuffin et al 1991
84 130 Hospital 53 28 43
Lyons et al 1998
268 266 Veterans Twin Registry
22.5 14 36
Bierut et al, 1999
1323 755 same 1415 opposite
Volunteers 38 (F) 20 (M)
23 (MM) 25 (FF) 22 (FM) 36 (MF)
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Kendler et al 2006
4091 11,402 General Popula3on
44 (F) 31 (M)
16 (FF) 11 (MM) 11 (Opposite)
38
Source: Selected from Table 8-4 in Zandi et al, Chapter 8, Public Mental Health, 2012 6
Many genes Big samples
No results!
What happened to the heritability of depressive disorder?
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Berndt SI, Gustafsson S., et al, Nat Genet. 2013 May;45(5):501-‐12. doi: 10.1038/ng.2606. Epub 2013 Apr 7. Genome-‐wide meta-‐analysis iden3fies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into gene3c architecture.
This is the “Manhattan plot” for inheritance of height: it looks like Manhattan!
Value of 8
What happened to the heritability of depressive disorder?
8
Value of 8
This is the “Manhattan plot” for inheritance of depressive disorder: it looks like Ames, Iowa!
What happened to the heritability of depressive disorder?
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