/p

⇡

⇡

frequ

ency

sample mean

sampling distribution

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⇡

/ /

/p

/

>

⇢⇣/

⌘,

Full Program Execution (hundreds of billion cycles)

Replayed RTL Snapshots (L = a few thousand cycles)

... ...

S1 ...

Random Sampling

S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S30S29

Cycle selected to create a replayable RTL snapshot.

A replayable RTL snapshot containing all register stateand I/O traces over the replay length

S#

A replayed RTL snapshot on slow power simulator

Full RTL simulation running on fast simulator

>/

RAM

Address Generation

RAM

FAME1 Transform

Add Register Scan Chains

Add RAM Scan Chains

Mux

TokenCommunication ChannelModule Port

Module containing comb. logic

Register

RAM SRAM/BRAM

Chise

lBa

cken

d

Strober FPGA Simulator

Chise

lFr

onte

nd

Scan Chain Insertion

Simulation Metadata Dump

Channel Wrapping

FAME1Transform

Platform Mapping

Chisel RTL

Chisel RTL

Chisel Verilog Backend

Verilog RTL

Matching Points Samples

FPGA Simulation

Post-layout Design

Verification Tool(Formality ® J-2014.09-SP4)

Gate-level Simulation(VCS ® H-2013.06)

Signal Activities

Power Analysis Tool(PrimeTime ® PX J-2014.12-SP2)

Average Power

Logic Synthesis Tool(Design Compiler ® J-2014.09-SP4)

Placement and Route Tool(IC Compiler ™ J-2014.09-SP4)

⇥

⌧

/ /

⇡ / ⇥ /

⇥ /

RegFile

ICache

Uncore

LSU

RenameTable

FPU

ROB

Free List

Issue Window

Branch PredictorALUs

Fetch Buffer

DCache

DCacheControl

IDIVIMUL Busy Table

Bypasses

/

/

$ $

gcc

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

vvadd towers dhrystone qsort spmv dgemm

Erro

r

Theoretical Error Bound (99% Confidence) Actual Error

⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥

uname ls

403.gcc gcc

⇥

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w

Coremark Linux Boot gcc

mW

DRAMMiscUncoreL1 D-cache controlL1 D-cache meta+dataL1 I-cacheROBFPULSUInteger UnitIssue LogicRegister FileRename + Decode LogicFetch Unit

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w rocket boom 1-w boom 2-w

Coremark Linux Boot gcc

EPI(n

J/Ins

t)

CPI

CPI EPI(nJ)

403.gcc