Research of the Universal Studios

The ‘Big Six’ film studios•Universal•Buena Vista•Warner Bros•20th Century Fox•Sony / Columbia•Lionsgate

The word universal connotes global success, as if announcing to audiences that the films produced by this company have universal appeal and are recognised worldwide. The fact that the text 'Universal' has a gold rim around it suggests high quality; that the films produced will survive the test of time, reflecting the 'golden' age of Hollywood film production. The logo denotes that the sun shines behind the globe, which can also suggest that Universal is a beacon, a leading light in film production. The great films companied by the Universal highlight this such as Jurassic World and Fast and Furious 7. Universal Studios is one of Hollywood’s ‘Big Six’ film studios. It is an American film studio owned by Comcast. It started in 1912 by a German named Carl Laemmle Mark Dintenfass, Charles. O Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane and Jules Brulatour. Comcast owns the Universal through the subsidiary NBC universal. The universal started off as ‘the little three’ smallest studios and then grew very successfully.

From the late 20s and early 60s, the main studio's were divided in to two groups, 'The Big Five' and 'The Little Three.' The Big Five:•MGM•Paramount•Warner Bros•RKO•Fox

The Little Three•Universal•Colombia•United ArtistsThe benefit of owning or operating the theaters' studios is that it ensured that the films would be distributed, no matter what the quality is. The way the studios maintained control over the film process is that they made the actors, producers, directors and writers under contract which put them in control. Then the antitrust began in 1938 which forced the studios to sell their theater chains and that was a good thing for the film industry because it allowed the government to reinstate the lawsuit if it had not seen a satisfactory level of compliance. When the end of the studio system had arrived in the early 60's, it was the beginning of the end of classic Hollywood which is now known as The Hollywood Golden Age.

Referencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Studioshttp://www.classichollywoodcentral.com/the-studio-system/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/studio/

British Board of film classification

The British Board of Film Censors was established in 1912 by the film industry when local authorities started to impose their own, widely varying, censorship standards on films. The British Board Film Classification was set up in order to bring a degree of uniformity to those standards. The objective was to create a body which could make judgements that were acceptable nationally. To this end the British Board Film Classification has needed to earn the trust of the local authorities, Parliament, the press and the public. It must not only be independent, but be seen to be so, taking care, for example, that the film industry does not influence its decisions, and that, similarly, pressure groups and the media do not determine its standards. In order to protect children from unsuitable and even harmful content in films and videos and to give consumers information they might need about a particular film or video before deciding whether or not to view it, the British Board Film Classification examines and age rates films and videos before they are released.

However not all applications of films do get accepted, there are a variety of films that do go through the process of being a rejected film. If a central concept of the work is unacceptable (for example, a sex work with a rape theme); or if intervention in the form of cuts. However if the applicant(s) do decide to appeal, The British Board Film Classification offers a formal ‘reconsideration’ procedure which is open to any distributor dissatisfied with the rating made in respect of their work.

Another factor is cutting the rating, so it fits in the correct category, so If the submitted work is suitable for age rating, but only at a rating higher than that requested by the submitting company, the BBFC will consider whether a lower rating could be achieved through relatively minor or simple changes. If so, the BBFC may offer the submitting company a choice of accepting the higher rating or making defined changes to achieve a lower rating. Where possible, the British Board Film Classification deals with any issues raised in a submitted work through age rating at the appropriate category. In some cases, however, assurances, cuts or other changes (for example, the addition of warning captions) will be required as a condition of age rating, or as a condition of age rating at a particular category. In some circumstances a work may be rejected, i.e. refused an age rating at any category.

Their views on crime films.

Logo Drafts for CGI Productions

As a group, we decided to name our production, 'CGI productions' as it is the first initial of each of our names, Ceylan, Gideon and Ida. As our genre for our opening scene is crime, I thought that crime related images would suit our logo. For example, the gun. However, when we discussed on what our final logo should be, we thought that the logo with the gun looked unprofessional as it wasn't edited properly. Similarly, the logo with the shadows was also not favoured as we thought that it was more of a horror-looking genre typed logo. Therefore, in the end, we decided to use one of Gideon's edits as it is appropriate to our genre.

Our final logo