Main Steam Cycle Let the fun begin… Introduction Parts of the Main Steam Cycle Four Phases of the...
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Transcript of Main Steam Cycle Let the fun begin… Introduction Parts of the Main Steam Cycle Four Phases of the...
![Page 1: Main Steam Cycle Let the fun begin… Introduction Parts of the Main Steam Cycle Four Phases of the cycle Definitions of each phase Components involved.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062223/551993b555034648068b4714/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Main Steam Main Steam CycleCycle
Let the fun begin…
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IntroductionIntroduction
• Parts of the Main Steam Cycle• Four Phases of the cycle
• Definitions of each phase• Components involved with
phases• Press-temp relationships
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Parts of Main Steam Parts of Main Steam CycleCycle
• Steam Generator (nuclear) or Boiler (conventional)
• Turbines• Condenser• Main Condensate Pumps• Deaerating Feed Tank /
Reserve Feed Tanks• Main Feed Pumps
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Main Steam CycleMain Steam Cycle
![Page 5: Main Steam Cycle Let the fun begin… Introduction Parts of the Main Steam Cycle Four Phases of the cycle Definitions of each phase Components involved.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062223/551993b555034648068b4714/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
BackgroundBackground
• Cycle used is a Rankine cycle• P-v and T-s Diagrams
• Trace the points of cycle• Provide graphical understanding
of cycle• Four phases of cycle• Conventional vs. Nuclear
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Rankine CycleRankine Cycle
1-2: Feed Phase (Q=0, S=0), Win 2-3: Generation Phase (P=0), Qin
3-4: Expansion Phase (Q=0, S=0), Wout
4-1: Condensation Phase (P=0), Qout
T-s Diagram P-v Diagram
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Generation Phase - Generation Phase - ConventionalConventional
• Boiler (1200 # steam)• Fuel burned to produce heat ->
transferred to water which boils to steam• Steam collects in steam drum (saturated)
• Superheater• Increase temp of steam and dries steam• Three reasons for superheating?
• Minimize erosion (dry steam better for blading)
• Minimize corrosion (less chemicals entrained)• Maximize T (Carnot efficiency)
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Boiler and SuperheaterBoiler and Superheater
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Generation Phase - Generation Phase - NuclearNuclear
• Reactor (Rx) Plant• Fission in Rx core transforms
nuclear energy to thermal energy• Steam Generator
• Water Space• U-tubes• Steam Space• Moisture Separators
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Reactor PlantReactor Plant
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Expansion PhaseExpansion Phase
• Steam travels down main steam piping• Turbines convert thermal energy ->
mechanical energy (nozzles) and then work (blading) -> turn rotor/shaft
• Pressure drops as steam goes through• Work performed on turbine blading
• Main Engines (ME) -> propulsion• Ship’s Service Turbine Generators (SSTG) -
> electricity
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CondensationCondensation• Vacuum 26-29” Hg
• Air Ejectors - use 150# steam to establish initial vacuum and remove air
• Maintained by condensation • volume of water << volume of steam ->
contraction• Why vacuum?
• Ease of steam recovery (“pulls” steam into MC)
• More work out of turbines (larger P and T)
• Ease of conversion to water
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CondensationCondensation
• Main Condenser• Large, indirect, cross-flow, shell-and-tube HX• Seawater used to condense steam
• Hotwell - holding area for condensate water at 80-100 F (lowest temp in cycle)
• Main Condensate Pumps - send condensate to the DFT at 20-30 psi (suction side is lowest pressure in cycle)
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Main CondenserMain Condenser
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Feed PhaseFeed Phase
• Deaerating Feed Tank (DFT)• Direct-type HX (Aux Steam used)• Purposes
• preheats feed • storage/surge volume• removes dissolved oxygen to minimize
corrosion• FYI: RFT’s often used instead
• Main Feed Pump• Supplies feed water to Steam
Generator (must be high pressure to overcome pressure)
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Deaerating Feed TankDeaerating Feed Tank
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Putting It All TogetherPutting It All Together
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Your DrawingYour Drawing
• Boiler/Steam Generator• Superheater• Turbine• Condenser• Main Condensate Pumps• Main Feed Pumps• DFT/RFT• Economizer
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QuestionsQuestions??