magneto hydro static energy

7/29/2019 magneto hydro static energy

1/22

The Origin of Mass inParticle Physics

Lecture VII : Higgs Properties &

Experimental Searches

60th Compton Lectures

Ambreesh Gupta


2/22

The hero is the president of the Astrophysics Society, the only person ever to winthree Nobel prizes. He stands at night on the beach, legs planted wide, shaking his

fist at the jeweled blackness of the sky. Anointed by his humanity, aware of

mankinds most powerful achievements, he shouts at the Universe above the

grounds of crashing waves I have created you. You are the product of my mind

my vision and my invention. It is I who provide you with reason, with purpose, with

beauty.

A fuzzy swirling light appears in the sky, and a beam of radiance illuminates our

man-on-the-beach. To the solemn climactic chords of Bach B Minor Mass, or

perhaps the piccolo solo of Stravinskys Rites, the light in the sky slowly

configures itself into Her face, smiling, but with an expression of infinite sweet

sadness.- The God Particle


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Readout Channels

Inner Detector

140 Million Channels

Calorimeter230,000 Channels

Muon Detectors

1.2 Million Channels


4/22


5/22

Challenges of LHC Computing

SCALE: more than 3 petabytes of raw data per year;

approximately 10 petabytes data total per year COMPLEXITY: an order of magnitude more readout

channels than earlier experiments

DISTRIBUTION: more than 2000 physicists around theglobe; at least 2/3 of computing resources will be outsidethe host laboratory

10 PB/yearw/reconstruction,

Simulation &

calibration200 events/second

1.6 MB event (raw)


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GRID: To Manage Resources and Data

Database serverreplicasdeployment for

ATLAS DC2Grid flavors


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Standard Model : Very Well Tested


9/22

Final Picture of Nature?

Indirect evidence of Higgs115 < mH < 200 GeV

Interaction with Higgs Field

should give particles theirmasses. . .

This is an all pervading field

which has non zero value in

vacuumoriginated at the

Big Bang. . .


10/22

We know the particles, We know the forces

Standard Model of is a highly successful description

Is there anything to worry about?

Not from experimental point of view!

Conceptually there are problems foreseen. BUT, this is Verydifferent situation from turn of last century, when experiments

were seeing anomalies that needed explanation.

When Coleridge tried to define beauty, he returned to one deepthought: beauty he said, is unity in variety. Science is nothing else

than the search to discover unity in wild variety of nature, of more

exactly, in the variety of our own experience.

- The God Particle


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Grand Unified TheoriesThe strength of forces depend on the energy

Coupling Constants

Strong 1

Electromagnetic 10-2

Weak 10-6

Gravity 10-39

GUT unify Strong and Electroweak forces at 1016 GeV. (GUT Scale)

Predicts Proton Should decay with a lifetime of 1031 years or more.

(Lifetime of Universe 1011 years)

Observe 10 ton of water (1033 protons)No evidence of proton decay

( lifetime > 1033 years)


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Planck Scale

At the length at which classical ideas of gravity cease to work

Planck length lP = f(h,GN,c) = 10-35m;

Planck Mass MP = 1019 GeV (10-5 gm!)


13/22

Hierarchy Problem

If these scale (GUT and Planck)

- The Higgs will become massive with higherenergies as it couples to more particles in vacuum.

Possible, but fine tuning of Standard Model Parameters

Hierarchy Problem: Why these very different scales?


14/22

SuperSymmetry

Unifies matter particles (lepton & quarks)

with force carriers (photon, gluon,W/Z)

SUSY solves hierarchy problem

e.g., W makes Higgs mass grow while its

superpartner makes it lesscancellation!

SUSY makes all the couplings converge

At one value - unification


15/22

One trackreconstruted

in Muonchambers

Two tracksreconstructed

in InnerDetector

A typical event.


16/22

Same event:

longitudinal view


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Events for 10 fb-1 signalbackground

(GeV))(jetpEM4

1i

iT

miss

Teff

Tevatron reach

ET(j1) > 80 GeVETmiss > 80 GeV

signalEvents for 10 fb-1 background

(GeV))(jetpEM4

1i

iT

miss

Teff

ATLFAST

Peak position correlated to MSUSY ))g~(m),q~((mmin

Observing SUSY on ATLAS


18/22

Extra Dimensions

What if Planck scale was much lower than 1019 GeV i.e.,

Gravity became Strong at lower energies?
http://physicsweb.org/box/world/13/11/9/pw1311093


19/22

Where are the extra Dimensions?

They could be compactified


20/22

Observing the effect at Collider Detectors

Real and virtual Gravitons would be produced


21/22

Signatures at ATLAS experiment

Monitoring the

missing energy in

the detector gives

a powerful signature

Present experimental

limits say scale of extradimension ~ 2 TeV


22/22

Black Hole Production and Decay at ATLAS

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