© 2007 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.

Macros for HMi

Webinar, June 07

What is a Macro in the HMi?

• A Macro is a set of instructions that extend the functionality of the HMi

Why use Macros?

• A Macro allows the designer to do the following:• Let the HMi process data• Separates machine control functions from screen

management functions• Do more with less screens• Saves time (and $$)

Specific tasks that require Macros

• Evaluate an expression (math)• Move data• Perform sequence of steps• Perform action based on a condition• Re-use of code• Access the Serial Port

Different Types of Macros

• Global Macros

• Screen Macros

• Button Macros

Global Macros

• Initial Macro – runs once

• Background Macro – runs continuously

• Clock Macro – runs on schedule

• Sub-Macro – runs when called

Location of Global Macros

• Select global macros from Menu->Options

Screen Macros

• Screen Open Macro – runs once when screen is opened

• Screen Cycle Macro – runs continuously while screen is opened

• Screen Close Macro – runs once when screen is closed

Location of Screen Macros

• When screen element is active, the property window is shown at the right

• Click on ellipses (…) to open window

Button Macros

• Before Execute Macro – runs once prior to button action

• After Execute Macro – runs once after button action

• On Macro – runs once when bit is turned on

• Off Macro – runs once when bit is turned off

Location of Button Macros

• When button element is active, the property window is shown at the right

• Click on ellipses (…) to open window

Variables

• Volatile Memory• Non-volatile memory• Indirect addressing• Recipe variables• PLC addressing• Tags in Macros• Passing variables

Volatile Memory

• Each memory location is 16 bits, or 2 bytes, or 1 word

• $0 through $65535 (128 Kbytes)

Non-volatile memory

• Each memory location is 16 bits, or 2 bytes, or 1 word

• M$0 through M$1023 (2 Kbyte)

• Retentive even when loading new program into the HMi

Indirect addressing

• Use *$ to access memory indirectly

• For example, • $100 = 50• $200 = 100• $300 = *$200

• Q: What value is in $300?

• A: 50

Recipe variables

• RCPNO – selected recipe #

• RCPn – recipe variable

• See Recipe application note or user manual for more info

PLC addressing

• 1@D100 – base PLC address 1, word D100

• 2@D100 – base PLC address 2, word D100

• 2#1@D100 – link2 PLC address1 word D100

• 3#1@N7:1 – link 3 PLC address 1, integer file N7, word 1

Tags in Macros

• Tags can be used in macros as well

• Only as an assignment• $100 = VALUE

Passing values

• All variables are global variables

• Use direct addressing to pass a value• $100 = 50• $200 = $100

• Use indirect addressing to pass an address• $100 = 50• $200 = *$100

Using Macros

• Macro wizard

• Update Macro

• Import/Export Macros

Macro wizard

• The macro wizard makes entering code easy

• Click the wizard toolbar button in the macro window

Macro Wizard (continued)

• Click Command• Mouse over Arithmetic• Click Add

Macro Wizard (continued)

• Click Variable 1• Select Internal Memory

on Link Drop Down• Select $ on Device Type

Drop Down• Addr/Value Type 1 in Text

Box• Click OK Button• Repeat for Variable 2 and

Variable 3, except enter 2 and 3 for Addr/Value

Update Macro

• Updating the Macro saves it to memory

• If you do not update, the changes will be lost!

• The macro shown adds the values in $2 and $3, then places the result in $1

Import/Export Macros

• Allows for re-use of Macros from one button to another

• Allows for re-use of Macros from one program to another

Macro Examples

• Move data• Evaluate an expression• Perform a sequence of steps• Perform an action based on a condition• Re-use of code (sub-macros)• Access the serial port

Move data

• $30 = 1• Assigns the value of 1 to location $30

• $40 = 07DCH• Assigns the hex value 07DC to location $40

• 1@D100 = 5• Writes the value of 5 to D100 in the base PLC

• 1@D100 = $150• Assigns the value that is in memory location $150 and writes it to D100

in the base PLC• $200 = 1@D300

• Reads the value in D300 and assigns it to memory location $200• 1@D400 = 2#1@N7:1

• Reads the value on link2 in N7:1 and writes it to D400 in the base PLC

Evaluate an expression

• $101=1@D101

• $102=1@D102

• $100 = $101 + $102

Perform a sequence of steps

• Allows the designer to add extra functions to a button

• Example:• #Set a flag, increment value, then change pages• SETB 1@M1• $100 = 1@D200• $100 = $100 + 1• 1@D200 = $100• 1@D0 = 101

Perform an action based on a condition

• Uses if-then-else statements• Be sure to end if-then statements with END IF• To test for two conditions, nest loops

• IF $100 == 10• IF $101 == 20

• 1@D100 = 5• ENDIF

• ENDIF

• Use THEN GOTO LABEL n for jumps• IF $100 == 10 THEN GOTO LABEL 1• LABEL 1

Re-use of code (sub-macros)

• Place sub-routines in sub-macros• End sub-routine with RET• Different ways of calling a sub-routine

• CALL 1• CALL $100• CALL *$200

Access the serial port

• Setup communications (place in Init Macro, use Macro Wizard)

• INITCOM• $1 = INITCOM(1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 6, 0)• COM2, RS485, 8, E, 1, 9600, No Flow Control

Access the serial port (continued)

• Select Com port (place in Macro using the serial port)

• SELECTCOM• SELECTCOM(1)• COM2

Access the serial port (continued)

• ASCII message

• CHR• CHR($100,”TEXT TO SEND”)• $100 = “TE”, $101 = “XT”, etc.

Access the serial port (continued)

• Send characters

• PUTCHARS• $2=PUTCHARS($100,12,250)• Send 12 characters• Place in $100 through $105• Timeout after 250 milliseconds• $2=1 if successful

Access the serial port (continued)

• Receive characters

• GETCHARS• $3=GETCHARS($200,10,250)• Receive 10 characters• Place in $200 through $204• Timeout after 250 milliseconds• $3=1 if successful

Access the serial port (continued)

• $1 = INITCOM(1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 6, 0)• SELECTCOM(1)• CHR($100,”TEXT TO SEND”)• $2= PUTCHARS($100,12,250)• $3=GETCHARS($200,10,250)

Wrap up

• Macros extend the functionality of the HMi• Scripted programming language

• Macros save time (and time is $$)• One screen can replace many• Maintaining one screen is easier than one-hundred

Questions???

• TRC 1-800-809-2772, option 5• Tier 3 support

• David Brandt• Gerry Feldmeier• Jason Hill• Jim Rosner

The End